Pub Date : 2025-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110529
Franca Morselli , Iain Pierce , Matthew Webber , Debbie Falconer , Alun D. Hughes , Michele Orini , Pier D. Lambiase , James C. Moon , Gabriella Captur
Myocardial fat infiltration may represent a substrate for ventricular arrhythmias, and its presence has been associated with increased risk for sudden cardiac death in both ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies. Epicardial and pericardial adiposity has also been linked with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Fat-water separation (FWS) is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging technique enabling for visualisation and quantification of lipid content within the myocardium, and it can also identify fat-containing neoplasms, discriminate epicardial and pericardial fat, and characterise pericardial disease. Methods for FWS have improved significantly over the years, with resulting optimisation of cardiac and extracardiac fat imaging, and resolution of artifacts that may arise from the presence of fat. This review covers the physics underlying FWS imaging technique, its evolution, the practical aspects of sequence acquisition, clinical applications, and future directions.
{"title":"Imaging cardiac fat by cardiovascular magnetic resonance – A state-of-the art review","authors":"Franca Morselli , Iain Pierce , Matthew Webber , Debbie Falconer , Alun D. Hughes , Michele Orini , Pier D. Lambiase , James C. Moon , Gabriella Captur","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myocardial fat infiltration may represent a substrate for ventricular arrhythmias, and its presence has been associated with increased risk for sudden cardiac death in both ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies. Epicardial and pericardial adiposity has also been linked with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Fat-water separation (FWS) is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging technique enabling for visualisation and quantification of lipid content within the myocardium, and it can also identify fat-containing neoplasms, discriminate epicardial and pericardial fat, and characterise pericardial disease. Methods for FWS have improved significantly over the years, with resulting optimisation of cardiac and extracardiac fat imaging, and resolution of artifacts that may arise from the presence of fat. This review covers the physics underlying FWS imaging technique, its evolution, the practical aspects of sequence acquisition, clinical applications, and future directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110530
Mahsa Karamzadeh , Mohamad Motaz Al Samman , Christopher Maclellan , Rafeeque A. Bhadelia , John Oshinski , Rouzbeh Amini , Seyed Amir Ebrahimzadeh , Francis Loth
Purpose
To determine whether cardiac-induced brain-tissue displacement in Chiari Malformation type 1 (CMI) relates to patient symptoms, morphometrics, and surgical outcomes.
Methods
We performed cardiac-gated phase-contrast MRI in 45 adults with CMI, converting velocity measurements to voxel-wise displacement in the cerebellum, pons, medulla, and cervical cord. We examined if displacement was correlated with each symptoms of subjects, and two anatomic measurements: tonsillar position (TP) and the ratio of neural-tissue area at foramen magnum to the area of foramen magnum. In seven patients who underwent posterior fossa decompression (PFD), we compared pre- versus post-operative displacement in seven paired scans and related changes to the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS).
Results
No significant correlations were found between displacement and symptom reports. TP correlated moderately with displacement (r = 0.47–0.61, p < 0.002), and ratio of neural-tissue area showed modest links to cerebellar motion (r = 0.34–0.36, p < 0.02). After PFD, mean and peak cerebellar displacement decreased by 45 % and 60 %, respectively (p < 0.05), but neither pre-operative motion nor its reduction predicted CCOS scores.
Conclusion
While displacement increases with anatomical crowding and normalizes after surgery, it does not predict clinical symptoms or surgical outcomes. Future work should combine multiple biomechanical markers and detailed symptom scales in an effort to develop a multidimensional biomarker for guiding treatment and assessing recovery in CMI.
目的探讨1型Chiari畸形（CMI）心源性脑组织移位是否与患者症状、形态计量学和手术结果相关。方法：我们对45名成年CMI患者进行了心门控相位对比MRI检查，将速度测量转换为小脑、脑桥、髓质和颈髓的体素位移。我们检查了位移是否与受试者的每一种症状相关，以及两项解剖学测量：扁桃体位置（TP）和枕骨大孔神经组织面积与枕骨大孔面积的比值。在7名接受后颅窝减压（PFD）的患者中，我们通过7次配对扫描比较了术前和术后移位以及芝加哥Chiari结果量表（CCOS）的相关变化。结果移位与症状报告无显著相关性。TP与位移适度相关（r = 0.47-0.61, p < 0.002），神经组织面积比与小脑运动适度相关（r = 0.34-0.36, p < 0.02）。PFD后，平均和峰值小脑位移分别下降45%和60% (p < 0.05)，但术前运动和其减少均不能预测CCOS评分。结论移位虽随解剖拥挤而增加，术后恢复正常，但不能预测临床症状或手术结果。未来的工作应结合多种生物力学指标和详细的症状量表，努力开发一个多维的生物标志物来指导治疗和评估CMI的恢复。
{"title":"Cardiac-induced brain tissue motion in Chiari Malformation type 1 subjects and its relationship to symptomatology, morphometrics, and surgical outcomes","authors":"Mahsa Karamzadeh , Mohamad Motaz Al Samman , Christopher Maclellan , Rafeeque A. Bhadelia , John Oshinski , Rouzbeh Amini , Seyed Amir Ebrahimzadeh , Francis Loth","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To determine whether cardiac-induced brain-tissue displacement in Chiari Malformation type 1 (CMI) relates to patient symptoms, morphometrics, and surgical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed cardiac-gated phase-contrast MRI in 45 adults with CMI, converting velocity measurements to voxel-wise displacement in the cerebellum, pons, medulla, and cervical cord. We examined if displacement was correlated with each symptoms of subjects, and two anatomic measurements: tonsillar position (TP) and the ratio of neural-tissue area at foramen magnum to the area of foramen magnum. In seven patients who underwent posterior fossa decompression (PFD), we compared pre- versus post-operative displacement in seven paired scans and related changes to the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant correlations were found between displacement and symptom reports. TP correlated moderately with displacement (<em>r</em> = 0.47–0.61, <em>p</em> < 0.002), and ratio of neural-tissue area showed modest links to cerebellar motion (<em>r</em> = 0.34–0.36, <em>p</em> < 0.02). After PFD, mean and peak cerebellar displacement decreased by 45 % and 60 %, respectively (<em>p</em> < 0.05), but neither pre-operative motion nor its reduction predicted CCOS scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While displacement increases with anatomical crowding and normalizes after surgery, it does not predict clinical symptoms or surgical outcomes. Future work should combine multiple biomechanical markers and detailed symptom scales in an effort to develop a multidimensional biomarker for guiding treatment and assessing recovery in CMI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110502
Yunhui Zheng, Zhiyong Wu, Fengna Ji, Lei Du, Zhenyu Yang
A crucial step in the intelligent healthcare system is the automatic analysis of medical images by machines and processing them accordingly, particularly in disease diagnosis, as it provides accurate anatomical structure information for subsequent treatment. This process provides precise anatomical data vital for the subsequent treatments. There is a problem of uneven intensity distribution and fuzzy boundaries etc. in medical images, which creates a great problem in the segmentation task. To cope with this problem, an improved TransUNet structure is introduced in this paper. This method is based on the TransUNet framework, and adds a pixel level classification module on the basis of TransUNet segmentation. This module can further classify the boundary parts of the mask to be segmented at the pixel level to achieve more accurate segmentation results. The method in this paper effectively reduces the classification errors associated with pixels near the boundaries of various masks within the MR image. In particular, The pixel classification module aims to learn the category of pixels near the mask boundary, and then enhance the original segmentation results through pixel level adjustments. To validate the effectiveness of this model, a series of experiments were conducted using the 2017 MICCAI Automated Cardiac Diagnostic Challenge (ACDC) dataset. The results show that with an average Dice coefficient of 90.55% and a Hausdorff distance of up to 2.23 mm, the proposed approach achieves a commendable segmentation performance. Code and models are available at https://github.com/laodeyip/DF-TransUNet.
{"title":"DF-TransUNet: A novel TransUNet model of pixel level classification for cardiac MR image segmentation","authors":"Yunhui Zheng, Zhiyong Wu, Fengna Ji, Lei Du, Zhenyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A crucial step in the intelligent healthcare system is the automatic analysis of medical images by machines and processing them accordingly, particularly in disease diagnosis, as it provides accurate anatomical structure information for subsequent treatment. This process provides precise anatomical data vital for the subsequent treatments. There is a problem of uneven intensity distribution and fuzzy boundaries etc. in medical images, which creates a great problem in the segmentation task. To cope with this problem, an improved TransUNet structure is introduced in this paper. This method is based on the TransUNet framework, and adds a pixel level classification module on the basis of TransUNet segmentation. This module can further classify the boundary parts of the mask to be segmented at the pixel level to achieve more accurate segmentation results. The method in this paper effectively reduces the classification errors associated with pixels near the boundaries of various masks within the MR image. In particular, The pixel classification module aims to learn the category of pixels near the mask boundary, and then enhance the original segmentation results through pixel level adjustments. To validate the effectiveness of this model, a series of experiments were conducted using the 2017 MICCAI Automated Cardiac Diagnostic Challenge (ACDC) dataset. The results show that with an average Dice coefficient of 90.55% and a Hausdorff distance of up to 2.23 mm, the proposed approach achieves a commendable segmentation performance. Code and models are available at <span><span>https://github.com/laodeyip/DF-TransUNet</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110528
Pengxin Shen , Yangyang Li , Wenji Xu , Zhiyi Zhang , Xiaochun Wang , Guoqiang Yang , Jiangfeng Du , Hui Zhang , Yan Tan
Objectives
To evaluate the role of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) histogram features in improving the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors (WHO CNS 5) grading accuracy for adult-type diffuse gliomas when combined with conventional imaging sequences.
Methods
A total of 62 patients were retrospectively collected. Histogram features of QSM, DKI, CE-T1WI, T2FLAIR were extracted from tumor parenchyma. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare differences between grade 2/3 and grade 4 gliomas. The evaluation of the model included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, 5-fold cross-validation, nomogram construction, and calibration curve analysis. Prognostic differences between two groups were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
Results
The functional imaging model (AUC = 0.892) was constructed using QSM mean absolute deviation (MAD) and relative mean kurtosis 90th percentile (rMK P90), while the conventional imaging model (AUC = 0.776) was built using CE-T1WI robust mean absolute deviation (RMAD) and T2FLAIR maximum. The imaging combined model, incorporating CE-T1WI RMAD, QSM MAD, and rMK P90, achieved an AUC of 0.936. Among the clinical factors, age showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups, with an AUC of 0.769. The integrated model combining the imaging model and age achieved the highest AUC of 0.949. The 5-fold internal cross validation showed that the average AUC was 0.944. Survival analysis revealed a significant difference between grade 2/3 and grade 4 gliomas.
Conclusion
Histogram features of QSM and DKI can complement conventional sequences, enhancing the diagnostic performance for adult-type diffuse gliomas grading.
{"title":"Histogram analysis of quantitative susceptibility mapping and diffusion kurtosis imaging for the grading prediction of 2021 WHO adult-type diffuse gliomas","authors":"Pengxin Shen , Yangyang Li , Wenji Xu , Zhiyi Zhang , Xiaochun Wang , Guoqiang Yang , Jiangfeng Du , Hui Zhang , Yan Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the role of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) histogram features in improving the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors (WHO CNS 5) grading accuracy for adult-type diffuse gliomas when combined with conventional imaging sequences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 62 patients were retrospectively collected. Histogram features of QSM, DKI, CE-T1WI, T2FLAIR were extracted from tumor parenchyma. Independent <em>t</em>-tests and Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> tests were used to compare differences between grade 2/3 and grade 4 gliomas. The evaluation of the model included receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, 5-fold cross-validation, nomogram construction, and calibration curve analysis. Prognostic differences between two groups were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The functional imaging model (AUC = 0.892) was constructed using QSM mean absolute deviation (MAD) and relative mean kurtosis 90th percentile (rMK P90), while the conventional imaging model (AUC = 0.776) was built using CE-T1WI robust mean absolute deviation (RMAD) and T2FLAIR maximum. The imaging combined model, incorporating CE-T1WI RMAD, QSM MAD, and rMK P90, achieved an AUC of 0.936. Among the clinical factors, age showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups, with an AUC of 0.769. The integrated model combining the imaging model and age achieved the highest AUC of 0.949. The 5-fold internal cross validation showed that the average AUC was 0.944. Survival analysis revealed a significant difference between grade 2/3 and grade 4 gliomas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Histogram features of QSM and DKI can complement conventional sequences, enhancing the diagnostic performance for adult-type diffuse gliomas grading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110522
Philippe Karan , Manon Edde , Guillaume Gilbert , Muhamed Barakovic , Stefano Magon , Maxime Descoteaux
In this work we investigate the feasibility of a correction method for removing the orientation dependence of magnetization transfer (MT) measures in the context of tractometry. Following previous work on the track-based characterization of such orientation dependence using diffusion MRI, a correction method was developed. It uses polynomial fits to extrapolate the single-fiber characterizations and allows the MT measures across all white matter tracks to be shifted towards a chosen reference value, effectively removing the bias of fiber orientation with respect to the main magnetic field. Three different references were tested on a dataset of one hundred acquisitions and the performance was accessed by evaluating the removal of the orientation dependence and the reduction of variance between acquisitions, while also exploring the effects on tractometry results. Throughout these experiments, various challenges and pitfalls of an empirical correction method were laid out, like the absence of ground truth or the lack of knowledge about the complex behavior of the phenomenon in crossing-fiber voxels. Nonetheless, a solution was presented, paving the way towards a fully validated correction method for MT measures.
{"title":"Correction of orientation dependence in magnetization transfer measures in the context of tractometry: Challenges, pitfalls and solutions","authors":"Philippe Karan , Manon Edde , Guillaume Gilbert , Muhamed Barakovic , Stefano Magon , Maxime Descoteaux","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work we investigate the feasibility of a correction method for removing the orientation dependence of magnetization transfer (MT) measures in the context of tractometry. Following previous work on the track-based characterization of such orientation dependence using diffusion MRI, a correction method was developed. It uses polynomial fits to extrapolate the single-fiber characterizations and allows the MT measures across all white matter tracks to be shifted towards a chosen reference value, effectively removing the bias of fiber orientation with respect to the main magnetic field. Three different references were tested on a dataset of one hundred acquisitions and the performance was accessed by evaluating the removal of the orientation dependence and the reduction of variance between acquisitions, while also exploring the effects on tractometry results. Throughout these experiments, various challenges and pitfalls of an empirical correction method were laid out, like the absence of ground truth or the lack of knowledge about the complex behavior of the phenomenon in crossing-fiber voxels. Nonetheless, a solution was presented, paving the way towards a fully validated correction method for MT measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110523
Theodore Aptekarev , Gregory Furman , Vladimir Sokolovsky , Yang Xia
This Reply addresses the issues raised in the Letter, entitled “Unveiling Cartilage Nanostructures via Anisotropic Relaxometry of Water Protons: Feasibility or Fallacy?” by Y. Pang, K. Momot, and V. Mlynárik (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 123, 2025, 110508). The authors of the previous letter claimed that our model and theoretical results presented in our paper “Depth-dependent characterization of cartilage nanostructures using MRI signal decays” (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 120, 2025, 110395) are incorrect. Here, we demonstrate that our model is based on theoretical and experimental data obtained using various methods, and that our results are consistent with previously published findings. Our developed approach allows analyzing the tissue structure: estimating the volumes of ellipsoidal water-filled nanocavities, their angular distributions, and the variations of these characteristics with depth. The principal difference of the new method from the early published studies is that these characteristics were obtained using a single NMR/MRI signal (echo decay) without a sample rotation.
We believe our results contribute to a better understanding of the complex issues related to MRI signal and tissue nanostructures.
本复函解决了由Y. Pang， K. Momot和V. Mlynárik（磁共振成像，123,2025,110508）所写的题为“通过水质子的各向异性松弛测量揭示软骨纳米结构：可行性还是谬论？”的信函中提出的问题。前一封信的作者声称，我们在论文《利用MRI信号衰减表征软骨纳米结构的深度依赖》（Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 120,2025, 110395）中提出的模型和理论结果是不正确的。在这里，我们证明了我们的模型是基于使用各种方法获得的理论和实验数据，并且我们的结果与先前发表的研究结果一致。我们开发的方法允许组织结构：估计椭球状充满水的纳米腔的体积，它们的角分布，以及这些特征随深度的变化。新方法与早期发表的研究的主要区别在于，这些特征是使用单个NMR/MRI信号（回声衰减）而无需样品旋转获得的。我们相信我们的结果有助于更好地理解与MRI信号和组织纳米结构相关的复杂问题。
{"title":"Reply to “Unveiling cartilage nanostructures via anisotropic relaxometry of water protons: feasibility or fallacy?”","authors":"Theodore Aptekarev , Gregory Furman , Vladimir Sokolovsky , Yang Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This Reply addresses the issues raised in the Letter, entitled “Unveiling Cartilage Nanostructures via Anisotropic Relaxometry of Water Protons: Feasibility or Fallacy?” by Y. Pang, K. Momot, and V. Mlynárik (<em>Magnetic Resonance Imaging,</em> 123, 2025, 110508). The authors of the previous letter claimed that our model and theoretical results presented in our paper “Depth-dependent characterization of cartilage nanostructures using MRI signal decays” (<em>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</em>, 120, 2025, 110395) are incorrect. Here, we demonstrate that our model is based on theoretical and experimental data obtained using various methods, and that our results are consistent with previously published findings. Our developed approach allows analyzing the tissue structure: estimating the volumes of ellipsoidal water-filled nanocavities, their angular distributions, and the variations of these characteristics with depth. The principal difference of the new method from the early published studies is that these characteristics were obtained using a single NMR/MRI signal (echo decay) without a sample rotation.</div><div>We believe our results contribute to a better understanding of the complex issues related to MRI signal and tissue nanostructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110506
Johannes Hammacher, Christoph Kolbitsch, Patrick Schuenke
Summary:
A novel steady-state CEST sequence design, based on the underlying physical model of longitudinal magnetization development during CEST saturation and data acquisition is presented and validated in-silico, in vitro and in vivo. This design ensures consistent data acquisition in the pure CEST steady-state, leading to high MTRasym scores and image quality, both in vitro and in vivo, when compared to contemporary sequential and steady-state CEST sequences.
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to enhance CEST sequences by utilizing the pure CEST steady-state in order to deliver higher CEST effects and better sensitivity.
Methods:
A novel CEST saturation/readout scheme was designed, tested in numerical simulations and subsequently validated in vitro and in vivo.
Results:
The novel Multi-2D Spiral pure steady-state CEST sequence showed to deliver advantageous sensitivity and efficacy.
Conclusion:
Constraining image acquisition to the pure CEST steady-state showed promising results in first in vitro and in vivo experiments.
{"title":"Pure steady-state CEST","authors":"Johannes Hammacher, Christoph Kolbitsch, Patrick Schuenke","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Summary:</h3><div>A novel steady-state CEST sequence design, based on the underlying physical model of longitudinal magnetization development during CEST saturation and data acquisition is presented and validated <em>in-silico</em>, <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. This design ensures consistent data acquisition in the pure CEST steady-state, leading to high MTR<sub>asym</sub> scores and image quality, both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, when compared to contemporary sequential and steady-state CEST sequences.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose:</h3><div>The aim of this study was to enhance CEST sequences by utilizing the pure CEST steady-state in order to deliver higher CEST effects and better sensitivity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>A novel CEST saturation/readout scheme was designed, tested in numerical simulations and subsequently validated <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>The novel Multi-2D Spiral pure steady-state CEST sequence showed to deliver advantageous sensitivity and efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>Constraining image acquisition to the pure CEST steady-state showed promising results in first <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110514
Flavio Carinci , Felix A. Breuer , Peter M. Jakob
Purpose
Presenting a technique to quantify the transverse relaxation time T2,diff, which is associated with the diffusion of water molecules through the internal magnetic field gradients of the lung in-vivo.
Methods
A Half-Fourier-Acquired Single-shot Turbo spin-Echo (HASTE) pulse sequence with Hahn-echo preparation was implemented and used for image acquisition. Quantification of T2,diff was performed by acquiring multiple images with identical TE, but with a different number of refocusing pulses between excitation and signal acquisition. T2,diff was quantified on a voxel-by-voxel basis from the signal attenuation in the different acquisitions.
Phantom experiments were performed to evaluate the ability of the proposed technique to discriminate signals with different T2,diff. Six samples containing a mixture of water and glass microspheres of different nominal diameters were used. The dependence of T2,diff on the sphere diameter was compared with that obtained from the conventional Hahn-echo experiment. In-vivo experiments were performed to investigate the dependence of T2,diff on both lung inflation and perfusion. For this, data were acquired in eleven healthy volunteers in different breathing states and different cardiac phases.
Results
Phantom experiments showed a monotonic increase of T2,diff with the sphere diameter in agreement with the results of the Hahn-echo experiment, demonstrating an excellent discrimination between signals with different T2,diff. In-vivo experiments showed a rather homogeneous distribution of T2,diff throughout the lung with a slight dependence on inflation. Mean values obtained in the diastolic cardiac phase resulted in 29 ms at Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) and in 24 ms at Total Lung Capacity (TLC). In the systolic phase the mean value at FRC was 14 ms, indicating a strong dependence of T2,diff on perfusion.
Conclusion
The proposed technique allows to quantify T2,diff of the lung in a single breath-hold of approximately 10s duration and could help in detecting functional and microstructural injuries of the lung.
{"title":"On the transverse relaxation enhancement effect in 1H-MRI of the lung","authors":"Flavio Carinci , Felix A. Breuer , Peter M. Jakob","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Presenting a technique to quantify the transverse relaxation time <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub>, which is associated with the diffusion of water molecules through the internal magnetic field gradients of the lung <em>in-vivo</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Half-Fourier-Acquired Single-shot Turbo spin-Echo (HASTE) pulse sequence with Hahn-echo preparation was implemented and used for image acquisition. Quantification of <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> was performed by acquiring multiple images with identical TE, but with a different number of refocusing pulses between excitation and signal acquisition. <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> was quantified on a voxel-by-voxel basis from the signal attenuation in the different acquisitions.</div><div>Phantom experiments were performed to evaluate the ability of the proposed technique to discriminate signals with different <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub>. Six samples containing a mixture of water and glass microspheres of different nominal diameters were used. The dependence of <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> on the sphere diameter was compared with that obtained from the conventional Hahn-echo experiment. <em>In-vivo</em> experiments were performed to investigate the dependence of <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> on both lung inflation and perfusion. For this, data were acquired in eleven healthy volunteers in different breathing states and different cardiac phases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Phantom experiments showed a monotonic increase of <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> with the sphere diameter in agreement with the results of the Hahn-echo experiment, demonstrating an excellent discrimination between signals with different <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub>. <em>In-vivo</em> experiments showed a rather homogeneous distribution of <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> throughout the lung with a slight dependence on inflation. Mean values obtained in the diastolic cardiac phase resulted in 29 ms at Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) and in 24 ms at Total Lung Capacity (TLC). In the systolic phase the mean value at FRC was 14 ms, indicating a strong dependence of <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> on perfusion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The proposed technique allows to quantify <em>T</em><sub>2,diff</sub> of the lung in a single breath-hold of approximately 10s duration and could help in detecting functional and microstructural injuries of the lung.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110512
Tianwen Xie , Yan Huang , Caixia Fu , Robert Grimm , Marcel Dominik Nickel , Qin Xiao , Weijun Peng , Ruimin Li , Yajia Gu
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of temporal resolution on pharmacokinetic parameters and the performance in diagnosing breast cancer.
Methods
This prospective study included 89 consecutive patients with 97 lesions (76 malignant and 21 benign). Ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced (UF-DCE) imaging was performed on a 3-T MRI scanner using CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE (CDTV) with a native temporal resolution of 4.5 s per phase. The CDTV data were downsampled at various temporal resolutions ranging from 9.0 to 58.5 s, creating eight additional datasets. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including Ktrans, kep, and ve, were calculated using Tofts model and population-based arterial input function (AIF). Paired-sample t-test with Bonferroni correction and ROC curves were used for statistical analysis.
Results
As temporal resolution decreased from 4.5 s, Ktrans and kep values increased, while ve values decreased. The AUCs of Ktrans, kep, and ve at 4.5-s temporal resolution were 0.648, 0.778, and 0.685, respectively. Temporal resolutions shorter than 18 s showed less than a 10 % deviation in Ktrans and kep of quantitative parameters compared to the 4.5-s reference. No significant difference was noted among AUC pairs for any of the parameters (corrected p > 0.00625).
Conclusions
Our results revealed that the temporal resolution significantly impacted pharmacokinetic parameters based on the population-based AIF from UF-DCE MRI. However, the diagnostic ability to characterize breast cancer might not be substantially affected. A temporal resolution shorter than 18 s is recommended for accurate calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters.
{"title":"Evaluating breast lesions with ultrafast DCE-MRI: The impact of temporal resolution on pharmacokinetics","authors":"Tianwen Xie , Yan Huang , Caixia Fu , Robert Grimm , Marcel Dominik Nickel , Qin Xiao , Weijun Peng , Ruimin Li , Yajia Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of temporal resolution on pharmacokinetic parameters and the performance in diagnosing breast cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study included 89 consecutive patients with 97 lesions (76 malignant and 21 benign). Ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced (UF-DCE) imaging was performed on a 3-T MRI scanner using CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE (CDTV) with a native temporal resolution of 4.5 s per phase. The CDTV data were downsampled at various temporal resolutions ranging from 9.0 to 58.5 s, creating eight additional datasets. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including <em>K</em><sup>trans</sup>, <em>k</em><sub>ep</sub>, and <em>v</em><sub>e</sub>, were calculated using Tofts model and population-based arterial input function (AIF). Paired-sample <em>t-</em>test with Bonferroni correction and ROC curves were used for statistical analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As temporal resolution decreased from 4.5 s, <em>K</em><sup>trans</sup> and <em>k</em><sub>ep</sub> values increased, while <em>v</em><sub>e</sub> values decreased. The AUCs of <em>K</em><sup>trans</sup>, <em>k</em><sub>ep</sub>, and <em>v</em><sub>e</sub> at 4.5-s temporal resolution were 0.648, 0.778, and 0.685, respectively. Temporal resolutions shorter than 18 s showed less than a 10 % deviation in <em>K</em><sup>trans</sup> and <em>k</em><sub>ep</sub> of quantitative parameters compared to the 4.5-s reference. No significant difference was noted among AUC pairs for any of the parameters (corrected <em>p</em> > 0.00625).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results revealed that the temporal resolution significantly impacted pharmacokinetic parameters based on the population-based AIF from UF-DCE MRI. However, the diagnostic ability to characterize breast cancer might not be substantially affected. A temporal resolution shorter than 18 s is recommended for accurate calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-31DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110513
Xinran Wen , Zhaoyang Xu , Hongbo Wang , Yan Wang , Qiaoyu Gu , Xiran Jiang , Cong Chen , Yalian Yu
Background
To evaluate the value of a multiparametric MRI-based nomogram on predicting response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients;
Methods
This study enrolled 235 and 51 patients from Center 1 and 2, respectively. All patients underwent baseline MRI scans before treatment. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method was used to screen radiomics features from intra- and peri-tumor areas to establish the radiomics signatures (RS). The nomogram model was built by integrating the RS and clinical predictors. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC), calibration and decision curve analyses (DCA) curves were used to assess predictive performances of radiomics models;
Results
In the training, internal validation and external validation cohort, the AUCs based on developed RS were 0.848, 0.759 and 0.762, respectively. The clinical model consisted of 4 significant distinct clinical predictors, including HBsAg, AFP, BCLC staging and size. To enhance diagnostic efficiency, we integrated 11 radiomics features and 4 clinical predictors to develop a nomogram model, which showed increased AUCs to 0.892, 0.851 and 0.787 in the training, internal validation and external validation cohort, respectively;
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that multiparametric MRI-based radiomics nomogram can preoperatively predict responses to TACE in virus-associated HCC.
{"title":"MRI-based radiomics predicts complete responses to initial transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in virus-associated early and intermediate stage HCC","authors":"Xinran Wen , Zhaoyang Xu , Hongbo Wang , Yan Wang , Qiaoyu Gu , Xiran Jiang , Cong Chen , Yalian Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mri.2025.110513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To evaluate the value of a multiparametric MRI-based nomogram on predicting response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients;</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study enrolled 235 and 51 patients from Center 1 and 2, respectively. All patients underwent baseline MRI scans before treatment. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method was used to screen radiomics features from intra- and peri-tumor areas to establish the radiomics signatures (RS). The nomogram model was built by integrating the RS and clinical predictors. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC), calibration and decision curve analyses (DCA) curves were used to assess predictive performances of radiomics models;</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the training, internal validation and external validation cohort, the AUCs based on developed RS were 0.848, 0.759 and 0.762, respectively. The clinical model consisted of 4 significant distinct clinical predictors, including HBsAg, AFP, BCLC staging and size. To enhance diagnostic efficiency, we integrated 11 radiomics features and 4 clinical predictors to develop a nomogram model, which showed increased AUCs to 0.892, 0.851 and 0.787 in the training, internal validation and external validation cohort, respectively;</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates that multiparametric MRI-based radiomics nomogram can preoperatively predict responses to TACE in virus-associated HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18165,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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