Taoufik Hosni, Zouhaier Abbes, Siwar Thebti, Mohamed Kharrat, Ali Dahmane
Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important pulse crops in the world. In Tunisia, the chickpea is vulnerable to fluctuation in production in the last few decades. However, phytohormones are known to play crucial roles in regulating different development processes in plants. Methods: This research was conducted in Petri dish and pot experiments in order to determine the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and indole butyric acid (IBA) phytohormones on some growth parameters of chickpea. In this study, GA3 at concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 g/l and IBA at concentrations of 0, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3 and 10-2 g/l were applied at different stages of chickpea development. Result: Results of Petri dishes trial revealed that IBA (10-4g/l) and GA3 (0.2 g/l) hormones improved significantly the shoot and root length of chickpea plant. Results of pots pointed out that the chickpea achieves the highest plant height when IBA (10-4 or 10-3 g/l) and GA3 (0.2 g/l) were used at pre-flowering stage. The IBA and GA3 application with concentrations of 10-3 g/l and 0.1 g/l, respectively allowed the highest nodule number at post-flowering stage. The parameters number of branches, fresh and dry weight of the aerial part and leaves number were improved in chickpea plants treated with IBA and GA3 at pre-flowering and post-flowering, respectively. Similarly, the number of flowers was promoted by the two hormones. The weight and the number of seeds were significantly enhanced by all IBA treatments in plants. An increase in weight and the number of seeds was observed at post-flowering phase of GA3 treatment. Thus, these results identified the beneficial effect of tested phytohormones in chickpea growth.
{"title":"Assessment of the Responses of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to the Exogenous Application of Gibberellic Acid and Indole Butyric Acid at Different Crop Development Stages","authors":"Taoufik Hosni, Zouhaier Abbes, Siwar Thebti, Mohamed Kharrat, Ali Dahmane","doi":"10.18805/lrf-752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lrf-752","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important pulse crops in the world. In Tunisia, the chickpea is vulnerable to fluctuation in production in the last few decades. However, phytohormones are known to play crucial roles in regulating different development processes in plants. Methods: This research was conducted in Petri dish and pot experiments in order to determine the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and indole butyric acid (IBA) phytohormones on some growth parameters of chickpea. In this study, GA3 at concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 g/l and IBA at concentrations of 0, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3 and 10-2 g/l were applied at different stages of chickpea development. Result: Results of Petri dishes trial revealed that IBA (10-4g/l) and GA3 (0.2 g/l) hormones improved significantly the shoot and root length of chickpea plant. Results of pots pointed out that the chickpea achieves the highest plant height when IBA (10-4 or 10-3 g/l) and GA3 (0.2 g/l) were used at pre-flowering stage. The IBA and GA3 application with concentrations of 10-3 g/l and 0.1 g/l, respectively allowed the highest nodule number at post-flowering stage. The parameters number of branches, fresh and dry weight of the aerial part and leaves number were improved in chickpea plants treated with IBA and GA3 at pre-flowering and post-flowering, respectively. Similarly, the number of flowers was promoted by the two hormones. The weight and the number of seeds were significantly enhanced by all IBA treatments in plants. An increase in weight and the number of seeds was observed at post-flowering phase of GA3 treatment. Thus, these results identified the beneficial effect of tested phytohormones in chickpea growth.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135200486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Despite the best efforts for improving the greengram varieties, the yield potential of this crop remains low owing to both biotic and abiotic factors. Yield losses caused due to various diseases were estimated to be 24-67 per cent in anthracnose, 80-100 per cent in mungbean yellow mosaic virus and 40 per cent due to powdery mildew So, the use of resistant cultivars is the most effective and eco-friendly method of managing the disease. Methods: A series of field experiments spanned over seven years (2014-2021) were conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka. In the first set of experiments, the material comprised of eight varieties of greengram which were treated with 20kR gamma radiation. M1was planted in Kharif 2014 and each variety was bulk harvested. M2 was planted in summer 2014 and individual plant selection was carried out. Mutant families were advanced to the further generation in Kharif 2015 and Rabi 2015. The M2 mutants were scored for their reaction to anthracnose, cercospora leaf spot and powdery mildew diseases with respective susceptible and resistant checks. In another set of experiments aimed at developing MYMV tolerant genotypes, an investigation was carried out with 168 F2 individuals derived from crossing Vigna trilobata and DGGV2. One row infector line of DGGV-2 was raised after every three test entries to study the reaction to MYMV. Three rows of susceptible check was planted all around the border to ensure enough inoculum load. Of the 168 F2 individuals, two lines showed resistance to MYMV. They were stabilized through a series of selfing generations. Result: Evaluation of advanced breeding lines for their reaction to various foliar diseases revealed that the advanced breeding lines DGG-203, DGG-206, DGG-208, DGG-21, DGG-80, DGG-273, DGG-274, DGG-275, DGG-262, DGG-263, DGG-264, DGG-82, DGG-200, TARM-1 (C), DGG-215-5, DGG-302, DGG-152, IPM-3-2, DGG-20, DGG-73, IPM-14-10, DGG-121, DGG-250, DGG-109, DGG-96 had seed yields ranging from 9.8 g to 12.4 g and moderately resistant to both anthracnose and CLS. The breeding lines DGG-203, DGG-206, DGG-21, DGG-273, IPM-3-2 (Check), DGG-96 have recorded combined resistance to anthracnose, cercospora leaf spot and powdery mildew diseases.
{"title":"Development of Genotypes for Foliar Disease Resistance in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] through Recombination and Mutation Breeding","authors":"Suma Mogali, Gurupad Balol, Iramma Goudar, Sumangala Bhat","doi":"10.18805/lr-5096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5096","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the best efforts for improving the greengram varieties, the yield potential of this crop remains low owing to both biotic and abiotic factors. Yield losses caused due to various diseases were estimated to be 24-67 per cent in anthracnose, 80-100 per cent in mungbean yellow mosaic virus and 40 per cent due to powdery mildew So, the use of resistant cultivars is the most effective and eco-friendly method of managing the disease. Methods: A series of field experiments spanned over seven years (2014-2021) were conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka. In the first set of experiments, the material comprised of eight varieties of greengram which were treated with 20kR gamma radiation. M1was planted in Kharif 2014 and each variety was bulk harvested. M2 was planted in summer 2014 and individual plant selection was carried out. Mutant families were advanced to the further generation in Kharif 2015 and Rabi 2015. The M2 mutants were scored for their reaction to anthracnose, cercospora leaf spot and powdery mildew diseases with respective susceptible and resistant checks. In another set of experiments aimed at developing MYMV tolerant genotypes, an investigation was carried out with 168 F2 individuals derived from crossing Vigna trilobata and DGGV2. One row infector line of DGGV-2 was raised after every three test entries to study the reaction to MYMV. Three rows of susceptible check was planted all around the border to ensure enough inoculum load. Of the 168 F2 individuals, two lines showed resistance to MYMV. They were stabilized through a series of selfing generations. Result: Evaluation of advanced breeding lines for their reaction to various foliar diseases revealed that the advanced breeding lines DGG-203, DGG-206, DGG-208, DGG-21, DGG-80, DGG-273, DGG-274, DGG-275, DGG-262, DGG-263, DGG-264, DGG-82, DGG-200, TARM-1 (C), DGG-215-5, DGG-302, DGG-152, IPM-3-2, DGG-20, DGG-73, IPM-14-10, DGG-121, DGG-250, DGG-109, DGG-96 had seed yields ranging from 9.8 g to 12.4 g and moderately resistant to both anthracnose and CLS. The breeding lines DGG-203, DGG-206, DGG-21, DGG-273, IPM-3-2 (Check), DGG-96 have recorded combined resistance to anthracnose, cercospora leaf spot and powdery mildew diseases.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: With the advancement of green revolution over 3-4 decades, the production and productivity of crop is decreasing with reduction in soil productivity in terms of nutritional disorders, micronutrient deficiencies, poor soil physical condition, and livelihood supporting systems. In view of this, natural and organic agriculture systems emerged as an alternative to the chemical oriented agriculture systems. Organic farming and organically produced food products are gaining popularity very rapidly in India and world. To trounce the reliance on chemical fertilizers for crop production and to reduce cost of production experiments were conducted to know the effect of different management practices on Blackgram. Methods: The field experiments were conducted with randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Effects of these different crop management practices were evaluated on growth, yield parameters, yield and nutrient status of blackgram (TAU-1) was carried out during kharif 2019, 2020 and 2021. Results: Results showed that package of practice recorded significantly higher growth, yield attributes and yields in blackgram followed by organic farming and farmers practice over three years. It can be concluded that practicing organic farming and natural farming over the years there will be sustainability in food production compared to initial years.
{"title":"Response of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) to Different Management Practice under North Eastern Transition Zone of Karnataka","authors":"Sunil Kulkarni, Satyanarayan Rao, Ramarao ., M, Shobharani, R.L. Jadhav, D.G. Satihal, Narayan Hebbal, Sidramappa .","doi":"10.18805/lr-4974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-4974","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the advancement of green revolution over 3-4 decades, the production and productivity of crop is decreasing with reduction in soil productivity in terms of nutritional disorders, micronutrient deficiencies, poor soil physical condition, and livelihood supporting systems. In view of this, natural and organic agriculture systems emerged as an alternative to the chemical oriented agriculture systems. Organic farming and organically produced food products are gaining popularity very rapidly in India and world. To trounce the reliance on chemical fertilizers for crop production and to reduce cost of production experiments were conducted to know the effect of different management practices on Blackgram. Methods: The field experiments were conducted with randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Effects of these different crop management practices were evaluated on growth, yield parameters, yield and nutrient status of blackgram (TAU-1) was carried out during kharif 2019, 2020 and 2021. Results: Results showed that package of practice recorded significantly higher growth, yield attributes and yields in blackgram followed by organic farming and farmers practice over three years. It can be concluded that practicing organic farming and natural farming over the years there will be sustainability in food production compared to initial years.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136155459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Incidence of fall armyworm in maize has been reported at a severe level since 2018 resulting in low yield and in extreme cases complete failure of the crop. In view of undesirable effects of unilateral reliance on chemicals, greener avenues like intercropping needs to be explored, which promise to subside pests, as well as, provide higher income to cultivators. Method: Field experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2021consecutively for three years to investigate the consequences of intercropping with legumes viz., red gram (Cajanus cajan L.), black gram (Vigna mungo L.), green gram (Vigna radiata L. ), cowpea (Vigna unguiuculata L.), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and soybean(Glycine max L.) on incidence of fall armyworm in maize and the cost economics involved. Result: Among the different intercrops studied, maize+cowpea recorded significantly lowest mean per cent infested plants (45.0 per cent) at 75 days after sowing which was on par with maize+green gram (45.5 per cent). The next effective intercropping system was maize+black gram (55.7 per cent) followed by maize+red gram (58.2 per cent). Maize as a sole crop recorded the highest mean per cent infested plants (76.3 per cent) at 75 days after sowing. The system equivalent yield (SEY) of the intercropping systems under study ascertained that the maize+cowpea achieved highest SEY of 5230 kg per ha followed by maize+green gram (5160 kg per ha) followed by maize+black gram (4900 kg per ha). Upon comparison of the benefit cost ratio (BC ratio), the maize+cowpea proved to be the most profitable with BC ratio of 4.11 followed by maize+ green gram (4.05) followed by maize+black gram (3.85), whereas, sole maize recorded minimum BC ratio of 2.87.
{"title":"Legume based Profitable Intercropping System for Management of Fall Armyworm in Maize","authors":"R. Saritha, M. Visalakshi","doi":"10.18805/lr-5179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5179","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Incidence of fall armyworm in maize has been reported at a severe level since 2018 resulting in low yield and in extreme cases complete failure of the crop. In view of undesirable effects of unilateral reliance on chemicals, greener avenues like intercropping needs to be explored, which promise to subside pests, as well as, provide higher income to cultivators. Method: Field experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2021consecutively for three years to investigate the consequences of intercropping with legumes viz., red gram (Cajanus cajan L.), black gram (Vigna mungo L.), green gram (Vigna radiata L. ), cowpea (Vigna unguiuculata L.), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and soybean(Glycine max L.) on incidence of fall armyworm in maize and the cost economics involved. Result: Among the different intercrops studied, maize+cowpea recorded significantly lowest mean per cent infested plants (45.0 per cent) at 75 days after sowing which was on par with maize+green gram (45.5 per cent). The next effective intercropping system was maize+black gram (55.7 per cent) followed by maize+red gram (58.2 per cent). Maize as a sole crop recorded the highest mean per cent infested plants (76.3 per cent) at 75 days after sowing. The system equivalent yield (SEY) of the intercropping systems under study ascertained that the maize+cowpea achieved highest SEY of 5230 kg per ha followed by maize+green gram (5160 kg per ha) followed by maize+black gram (4900 kg per ha). Upon comparison of the benefit cost ratio (BC ratio), the maize+cowpea proved to be the most profitable with BC ratio of 4.11 followed by maize+ green gram (4.05) followed by maize+black gram (3.85), whereas, sole maize recorded minimum BC ratio of 2.87.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135397284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chickpea production is threatened by dry root rot disease in recent years. The disease is caused by soil borne fungus Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub) Butler with its pycnidial stage Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Bacillus spp. is a rod shaped and gram negative rhizobacterium which is predominant in the soil. Hence, considering the economic importance of disease, the present investigation was carried out to repress the pathogen by using indigenous Bacillus spp. strains related to antagonistic potential and plant growth promoting traits Methods: Thirty indigenous bacterial PGPR strains were isolated from healthy rhizospheric soil samples of chickpea and their antagonistic potential was studied. Later, the potential ones were examined for plant growth promoting traits. The promising strains were identified at molecular level 16S rDNA. Results: All thirty PGPR strains of rhizospharic Bacillus were potentiality antagonistic against R. bataticola and nine strains showed more than 50 per cent inhibition of the pathogen. Out of nine strains, four strains recorded more growth promoting traits and they were identified at molecular level as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus subtilis sub sp. Subtilis. Bacillus valezensis is a new report on rhizosphaeric PGPR against R. bataticola in chickpea.
{"title":"Bacillus valezensis: A New Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterium for Plant Growth Promotion and Inhibition of Rhizoctonia bataticola for the Management of Dry Root Rot of Chickpea","authors":"Gururaj Sunkad, Meghana S. Patil, Ranjana Joshi","doi":"10.18805/lr-5106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5106","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chickpea production is threatened by dry root rot disease in recent years. The disease is caused by soil borne fungus Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub) Butler with its pycnidial stage Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Bacillus spp. is a rod shaped and gram negative rhizobacterium which is predominant in the soil. Hence, considering the economic importance of disease, the present investigation was carried out to repress the pathogen by using indigenous Bacillus spp. strains related to antagonistic potential and plant growth promoting traits Methods: Thirty indigenous bacterial PGPR strains were isolated from healthy rhizospheric soil samples of chickpea and their antagonistic potential was studied. Later, the potential ones were examined for plant growth promoting traits. The promising strains were identified at molecular level 16S rDNA. Results: All thirty PGPR strains of rhizospharic Bacillus were potentiality antagonistic against R. bataticola and nine strains showed more than 50 per cent inhibition of the pathogen. Out of nine strains, four strains recorded more growth promoting traits and they were identified at molecular level as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus subtilis sub sp. Subtilis. Bacillus valezensis is a new report on rhizosphaeric PGPR against R. bataticola in chickpea.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135742022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Berseem plays an important role as fodder, in the health and nutrition of a large livestock population in India. The productivity of green fodder per unit area could be increased by adopting recommended scientific and sustainable packages and practices. Methods: Farmers’ participatory front line demonstrations on integrated crop management (ICM) practices and traditional method of sowing as farmers’ practice (FP) were conducted during Rabi (2016-17 to 2018-19) under CCS, HAU, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Fatehabad and Jhajjar, Haryana. Result: The study reveals that on an average 744 q/ha green fodder yield of berseem (var. HB 2) was recorded under ICM as compare to 659 q/ha in FP which was 12.9 per cent higher over that of the FP. The pooled value of extension gap, technology gap and technology index was to the tune of 85, 36 q/ha and 4.6 percent, respectively. The data on economic parameters reveals that a net return of Rs. 30441 per ha was recorded under ICM compare to Rs. 20065 per ha in FP. The benefit-cost (B:C) ratio was figured 1:1.50 and 1:1.33 in ICM and FP, respectively, suggesting its higher profitability and economic viability of the technology demonstrated. Cluster Front line demonstration also helped in replacement of local varieties with improved recommended varieties.
{"title":"Enhancing Production of Berseem through Integrated Crop Management Practices in Haryana","authors":"Satyajeet ., Amit Kumar, S.K. Dhanda, Akshay Pareek, Sumit Bhardwaj, Kannoj .","doi":"10.18805/lr-5130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5130","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Berseem plays an important role as fodder, in the health and nutrition of a large livestock population in India. The productivity of green fodder per unit area could be increased by adopting recommended scientific and sustainable packages and practices. Methods: Farmers’ participatory front line demonstrations on integrated crop management (ICM) practices and traditional method of sowing as farmers’ practice (FP) were conducted during Rabi (2016-17 to 2018-19) under CCS, HAU, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Fatehabad and Jhajjar, Haryana. Result: The study reveals that on an average 744 q/ha green fodder yield of berseem (var. HB 2) was recorded under ICM as compare to 659 q/ha in FP which was 12.9 per cent higher over that of the FP. The pooled value of extension gap, technology gap and technology index was to the tune of 85, 36 q/ha and 4.6 percent, respectively. The data on economic parameters reveals that a net return of Rs. 30441 per ha was recorded under ICM compare to Rs. 20065 per ha in FP. The benefit-cost (B:C) ratio was figured 1:1.50 and 1:1.33 in ICM and FP, respectively, suggesting its higher profitability and economic viability of the technology demonstrated. Cluster Front line demonstration also helped in replacement of local varieties with improved recommended varieties.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Being a vital source of high-quality dietary protein, chickpea is an unavoidable legume. The present investigation was performed to study the applicability of the microsatellite markers linked with drought tolerance in Indian chickpea genotypes collected from different genetic background. Methods: In Rabi 2021-22, forty chickpea genotypes including national check for drought tolerance, elite cultivars, released varieties and advanced breeding lines were screened employing forty microsatellite markers linked with drought tolerance associated traits. Result: Among forty drought tolerance related microsatellite markers, twenty-six were found to be polymorphic and produced a total of 66 alleles, with a mean of 2.5 alleles per locus. Model-based population structure analysis clearly distinguished the drought tolerant genotypes including ICC4958, JG74, JAKI9218, JG16, JG6, JG14 and JG11. The principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) further confirmed these results. Findings of the present investigation would have a greater potential for further utilization in breeding of drought specific chickpea cultivar(s).
{"title":"Prioritization of Microsatellite Markers Linked with Drought Tolerance Associated Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"Prakash N. Tiwari, Sharad Tiwari, Swapnil Sapre, Anita Babbar, Niraj Tripathi, Sushma Tiwari, Manoj Kumar Tripathi","doi":"10.18805/lr-5191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5191","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Being a vital source of high-quality dietary protein, chickpea is an unavoidable legume. The present investigation was performed to study the applicability of the microsatellite markers linked with drought tolerance in Indian chickpea genotypes collected from different genetic background. Methods: In Rabi 2021-22, forty chickpea genotypes including national check for drought tolerance, elite cultivars, released varieties and advanced breeding lines were screened employing forty microsatellite markers linked with drought tolerance associated traits. Result: Among forty drought tolerance related microsatellite markers, twenty-six were found to be polymorphic and produced a total of 66 alleles, with a mean of 2.5 alleles per locus. Model-based population structure analysis clearly distinguished the drought tolerant genotypes including ICC4958, JG74, JAKI9218, JG16, JG6, JG14 and JG11. The principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) further confirmed these results. Findings of the present investigation would have a greater potential for further utilization in breeding of drought specific chickpea cultivar(s).","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135879303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kala, I. Rashmi, H.R. Meena, Shakir Ali, S. Reeja, S. Vennila, Ambika Rejendran
Background: Cassia auriculata, L., is an imperative medicinal and traditional neutral colour leaf hair dye yielding in India. This is a multipurpose and indigenous, perennial leguminous shrub and widely used as traditional medicine to cure diabetics by the rural peoples. Tanner’s cassia is also used as neutral henna and its yields natural golden blonde colouring to hair through the dried leaf powder. Young buds are used for yellow colour dye extraction by textile industries. Screening of high tolerance and best performing genotypes is highly essential in this imperative woody legume shrub to rehabilitate the mass erosion prone gullied and ravine lands for productive purpose of the wasteland and degraded lands. Methods: Thirty different accessions of Cassia auriculata were assembled and numbered from CA-1 to CA-30 from arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan (India). The experimental trial was conducted at ICAR-IISWC, Research Centre, Kota-Rajasthan, India during 2019-2022. After evaluation, CA-4 genotype was selected as an elite genotype. The elite genotype was used for high density plantation development with resource conservation for green cover development in non-arable ravine lands. Result: Genetic variation studies of Cassia auriculata indicated that considerable and significant variability, abundant morphometric variations in assembled genotype progenies. Further, genetic divergence analysis was also revealed that nine clusters segregated from 30 genotypes. Thirty genotypes were grouped into nine clusters according overall performance with geographical identity. Finally, C. auriculata (CA-4) genotype was identified and selected as an elite genotype based on its overall superiority in terms of plant growth, higher green biomass, leaf litter biomass, more number branching behaviour and plant coppicing ability which are directly relevant and imperative in soil erosion control, resource conservation and potential rehabilitation effect in resource poor dry regions of non-arable lands.
{"title":"Genetic Divergence Studies among Indigenous Accessions of Cassia auriculata (L.) Roxb., through Screening and Utilization for Chambal Ravine Rehabilitation","authors":"S. Kala, I. Rashmi, H.R. Meena, Shakir Ali, S. Reeja, S. Vennila, Ambika Rejendran","doi":"10.18805/lr-5170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5170","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cassia auriculata, L., is an imperative medicinal and traditional neutral colour leaf hair dye yielding in India. This is a multipurpose and indigenous, perennial leguminous shrub and widely used as traditional medicine to cure diabetics by the rural peoples. Tanner’s cassia is also used as neutral henna and its yields natural golden blonde colouring to hair through the dried leaf powder. Young buds are used for yellow colour dye extraction by textile industries. Screening of high tolerance and best performing genotypes is highly essential in this imperative woody legume shrub to rehabilitate the mass erosion prone gullied and ravine lands for productive purpose of the wasteland and degraded lands. Methods: Thirty different accessions of Cassia auriculata were assembled and numbered from CA-1 to CA-30 from arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan (India). The experimental trial was conducted at ICAR-IISWC, Research Centre, Kota-Rajasthan, India during 2019-2022. After evaluation, CA-4 genotype was selected as an elite genotype. The elite genotype was used for high density plantation development with resource conservation for green cover development in non-arable ravine lands. Result: Genetic variation studies of Cassia auriculata indicated that considerable and significant variability, abundant morphometric variations in assembled genotype progenies. Further, genetic divergence analysis was also revealed that nine clusters segregated from 30 genotypes. Thirty genotypes were grouped into nine clusters according overall performance with geographical identity. Finally, C. auriculata (CA-4) genotype was identified and selected as an elite genotype based on its overall superiority in terms of plant growth, higher green biomass, leaf litter biomass, more number branching behaviour and plant coppicing ability which are directly relevant and imperative in soil erosion control, resource conservation and potential rehabilitation effect in resource poor dry regions of non-arable lands.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonaloba (L.) Taub] commonly known as ‘guar’ means ²cow food² is an annual arid and semi-arid legume crop belonging to the family leguminaceae. Methods: Two field experiment were conducted during 2019-2021 to find out the most effective fungicide for the management of Alternaria leaf blight in Cluster. Seven fungicides viz., Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.1%, Difenconazole 25 EC @ 0.1%, Hexaconazole 5 EC @ 0.1%, Propiconazole 25 EC @ 0.1%, Chlrothalonil @ 0.2%, Trifloxystrobin 50% WG@ 0.1%, Mancozeb 75% WP @ 0.2% were evaluated for their efficacy aganist cluster bean Alternaria blight. Result: In the year 2019 during Kharif season the foliar spray with Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.1% was found to be the most effective fungicide at initiation of flowering and at pod stage with minimum disease severity (9.87 and 12.00%) and the maximum seed yield and straw yield of 2077 and 3994 kg/ha, respectively. During Kharif-2020 same trends was observed with Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.1% in reducing the severity of the disease foliar spray of Tebuconazole also recorded the highest B: C ratio of 4:5 and 4.73 during 2019-20 and 2020-21 respectively.
{"title":"Management of Alternaria Leaf Blight (Alternaria cucumerina var.cyamopsidis) in Cluster Bean Through Fungicide Application","authors":"Rajni Singh Sasode, Pramod Kumar Fatehpuria, Ajay Singh Kaurav, Hemant Kumar Trivedi","doi":"10.18805/lr-5060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5060","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonaloba (L.) Taub] commonly known as ‘guar’ means ²cow food² is an annual arid and semi-arid legume crop belonging to the family leguminaceae. Methods: Two field experiment were conducted during 2019-2021 to find out the most effective fungicide for the management of Alternaria leaf blight in Cluster. Seven fungicides viz., Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.1%, Difenconazole 25 EC @ 0.1%, Hexaconazole 5 EC @ 0.1%, Propiconazole 25 EC @ 0.1%, Chlrothalonil @ 0.2%, Trifloxystrobin 50% WG@ 0.1%, Mancozeb 75% WP @ 0.2% were evaluated for their efficacy aganist cluster bean Alternaria blight. Result: In the year 2019 during Kharif season the foliar spray with Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.1% was found to be the most effective fungicide at initiation of flowering and at pod stage with minimum disease severity (9.87 and 12.00%) and the maximum seed yield and straw yield of 2077 and 3994 kg/ha, respectively. During Kharif-2020 same trends was observed with Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.1% in reducing the severity of the disease foliar spray of Tebuconazole also recorded the highest B: C ratio of 4:5 and 4.73 during 2019-20 and 2020-21 respectively.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheri Vaishnav, V. Ramulu, B. Balaji Naik, Md. Latheef Pasha, T. Ram Prakash, P. Rajaiah, M. Yakadri
Background: The present experiment was designed to evaluate the role of emerging rice establishment systems compared with succeeding tillage practices in supporting the rooting behaviour of chickpea, blackgram and mustard grown in succession. Methods: The current experiment was conducted in kharif followed by rabi during 2021-22 and 2022-23 in a split-split plot design with three rice establishment methods as main plots during kharif followed by two tillage systems as sub plots and in each sub plot, chickpea, blackgran and mustard were grown as sub-sub plot during rabi, after the harvest of kharif rice. Results: Rabi crops grown after dry direct seeded rice following conventional tillage has recorded highest root length and root volume in chickpea (23.83 and 22.97 cm; 13.57 and 13.13 cc), blackgram (20.70 and 20.13 cm; 12.43 and 12.03 cc) and mustard (37.43 and 36.27 cm; 21.50 and 20.80 cc) during successive years of study i.e., 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively.
{"title":"Impact of Kharif Rice Establishment Systems and Succeeding Tillage Practices on Rooting Behaviour of Succeeding Chickpea, Blackgram and Mustard","authors":"Sheri Vaishnav, V. Ramulu, B. Balaji Naik, Md. Latheef Pasha, T. Ram Prakash, P. Rajaiah, M. Yakadri","doi":"10.18805/lr-5181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-5181","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present experiment was designed to evaluate the role of emerging rice establishment systems compared with succeeding tillage practices in supporting the rooting behaviour of chickpea, blackgram and mustard grown in succession. Methods: The current experiment was conducted in kharif followed by rabi during 2021-22 and 2022-23 in a split-split plot design with three rice establishment methods as main plots during kharif followed by two tillage systems as sub plots and in each sub plot, chickpea, blackgran and mustard were grown as sub-sub plot during rabi, after the harvest of kharif rice. Results: Rabi crops grown after dry direct seeded rice following conventional tillage has recorded highest root length and root volume in chickpea (23.83 and 22.97 cm; 13.57 and 13.13 cc), blackgram (20.70 and 20.13 cm; 12.43 and 12.03 cc) and mustard (37.43 and 36.27 cm; 21.50 and 20.80 cc) during successive years of study i.e., 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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