S. Babayeva, J. Nasibova, Z. Akparov, K. Shikhaliyeva, A. Mammadova, V. Izzatullayeva, M. Abbasov
Genetic diversity and fusarium resistance of 50 cultivated chickpea genotypes was studied using ISSR and RAPD markers. The results of both marker systems were consistent with each other, but was somewhat higher for RAPDs. A total of 48 fragments were obtained with both markers together, 32.7% of which were polymorphic. Molecular characterisation through ISSR and RAPD data indicated low genetic variation (GDI=0.39; PIC=0.21) among local and introduced chickpea accessions. The genetic distance values ranged from 0 to 0.134, with a mean of 0.05. The low genetic diversity indicated that new genotypes must be introduced to increase the variability of chickpea germplasm in Azerbaijan. As a result of screening for resistance to fusarium most of genotypes were found to have 600 bp fragment of OPJ20 linked with Foc01 resistance gene, while none of them had resistance gene to Foc4. The results could provide information for future chickpea breeding activities and conservation.
{"title":"Application of DNA markers in determination of fusarium resistance and genetic diversity in chickpea","authors":"S. Babayeva, J. Nasibova, Z. Akparov, K. Shikhaliyeva, A. Mammadova, V. Izzatullayeva, M. Abbasov","doi":"10.18805/LR-407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-407","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic diversity and fusarium resistance of 50 cultivated chickpea genotypes was studied using ISSR and RAPD markers. The results of both marker systems were consistent with each other, but was somewhat higher for RAPDs. A total of 48 fragments were obtained with both markers together, 32.7% of which were polymorphic. Molecular characterisation through ISSR and RAPD data indicated low genetic variation (GDI=0.39; PIC=0.21) among local and introduced chickpea accessions. The genetic distance values ranged from 0 to 0.134, with a mean of 0.05. The low genetic diversity indicated that new genotypes must be introduced to increase the variability of chickpea germplasm in Azerbaijan. As a result of screening for resistance to fusarium most of genotypes were found to have 600 bp fragment of OPJ20 linked with Foc01 resistance gene, while none of them had resistance gene to Foc4. The results could provide information for future chickpea breeding activities and conservation.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75740964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Pegu, P. Kalita, H. K. Borah, Milon Jyoti Konwar
The study was conducted during kharif and summer seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15 with twenty genotypes of greengram. The mean monthly soil moisture content was 23.46 per cent for kharif season and 12.95 per cent for summer season. Significant variations in morpho-physiological, biochemical attributes and seed yield were recorded in all the genotypes. The genotype Pusa Baisakhi was found to be the highest seed yielder during kharif season which was followed by Pant Moong 4, Pratap, SGC 25 and SGC 20. The genotype Pusa Baisakhi showed the highest value for leaf area per plant, in vivo leaf nitrate reductase activity, leaf photosynthetic rate, total dry matter content per plant and number of pods per plant. On the other hand, during summer season the genotype SGC 25 was found to be the highest seed yielder followed by SGC 20, Pusa Baisakhi, Pant Moong 4 and Pratap. The genotype SGC 25 was found to record highest value for number of branches per plant, total leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, leaf photosynthetic rate and number of pods per plant. On an average during kharif season 27.21 per cent higher seed yield could be obtained compared to that of summer season.
{"title":"Analysis of greengram genotypes based on morpho-physiological, biochemical attributes and seed yield in relation to growing season","authors":"L. Pegu, P. Kalita, H. K. Borah, Milon Jyoti Konwar","doi":"10.18805/LR-3893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3893","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted during kharif and summer seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15 with twenty genotypes of greengram. The mean monthly soil moisture content was 23.46 per cent for kharif season and 12.95 per cent for summer season. Significant variations in morpho-physiological, biochemical attributes and seed yield were recorded in all the genotypes. The genotype Pusa Baisakhi was found to be the highest seed yielder during kharif season which was followed by Pant Moong 4, Pratap, SGC 25 and SGC 20. The genotype Pusa Baisakhi showed the highest value for leaf area per plant, in vivo leaf nitrate reductase activity, leaf photosynthetic rate, total dry matter content per plant and number of pods per plant. On the other hand, during summer season the genotype SGC 25 was found to be the highest seed yielder followed by SGC 20, Pusa Baisakhi, Pant Moong 4 and Pratap. The genotype SGC 25 was found to record highest value for number of branches per plant, total leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, leaf photosynthetic rate and number of pods per plant. On an average during kharif season 27.21 per cent higher seed yield could be obtained compared to that of summer season.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81420423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was conducted at college of postgraduate studies farm during winter season of 2015-16 in Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya to study the effect of two different organic mulch on rajma cultivars. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three main plot treatments (mulching practices) and four sub-plot treatments (rajma cultivars) and replicate thrice. It was recorded during this field investigation, that the performance of weed mulch was better over maize stover and no mulch. The emergence percentage (89%) was better under weed mulching. The plant parameters, viz., plant height (51.19 cm after 60 DAS), number of branches per plant (7.84 after 60 DAS), pod length (15.05 cm), dry matter accumulation per meter square (1.15 kg), number of seeds per pod (6.48) was found significantly higher for the cultivar Selection-9 over remaining three varieties. Yield of 2.37 t ha-1 was recorded for weed mulch, followed by maize stover mulch (2.22 t ha-1) and no mulch (2.05 t ha-1). Similarly, weed mulch registered highest harvest index of 41.09% followed by maize stover mulch. The average yield of Selection-9 was found to be 2.52 t ha-1 which was higher significantly over other three cultivars.
2015-16冬季，在梅加拉亚邦Ri-Bhoi地区的研究生学院农场进行了田间试验，研究了两种不同有机地膜对rajma品种的影响。试验采用分割小区设计，3个主小区处理(地膜处理)和4个子小区处理(拉吉马品种)，重复3次。在田间调查中，杂草覆盖的效果优于玉米秸秆和不覆盖。杂草覆盖下出苗率为89%。选择-9的株高(51.19 cm)、单株分枝数(7.84枝)、荚果长(15.05 cm)、干物质积累(1.15 kg)、荚果种子数(6.48粒)均显著高于其他3个品种。杂草覆盖的产量为2.37 t ha-1，其次是玉米秸秆覆盖(2.22 t ha-1)和不覆盖(2.05 t ha-1)。杂草覆盖收获指数最高，达41.09%，其次是玉米秸秆覆盖。选择9的平均产量为2.52 t hm -1，显著高于其他3个品种。
{"title":"Performance of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars under organic mulches in Meghalayan Plateau of North Eastern India","authors":"Y. Marwein, L. Ray","doi":"10.18805/LR-3827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3827","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at college of postgraduate studies farm during winter season of 2015-16 in Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya to study the effect of two different organic mulch on rajma cultivars. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three main plot treatments (mulching practices) and four sub-plot treatments (rajma cultivars) and replicate thrice. It was recorded during this field investigation, that the performance of weed mulch was better over maize stover and no mulch. The emergence percentage (89%) was better under weed mulching. The plant parameters, viz., plant height (51.19 cm after 60 DAS), number of branches per plant (7.84 after 60 DAS), pod length (15.05 cm), dry matter accumulation per meter square (1.15 kg), number of seeds per pod (6.48) was found significantly higher for the cultivar Selection-9 over remaining three varieties. Yield of 2.37 t ha-1 was recorded for weed mulch, followed by maize stover mulch (2.22 t ha-1) and no mulch (2.05 t ha-1). Similarly, weed mulch registered highest harvest index of 41.09% followed by maize stover mulch. The average yield of Selection-9 was found to be 2.52 t ha-1 which was higher significantly over other three cultivars.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84357944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Combining ability analysis was carried out in an 8x8 half-diallel fashion in mungbean to understand the combining ability, nature of gene action for thirteen yield and its components in 28 hybrids and their 8 parents. These 8 genotypes were already classified into drought tolerant and drought susceptible types from a laboratory study where PEG (6000) (-3) bar was used to impose drought stress against control for studying the seedling characters. The analysis of variance due to combining ability for the thirteen yield attributing traits in F1 population and their parents revealed that variances due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters indicating that these traits were controlled by both additive and non-additive gene action. Results also showed that cross combinations producing significantly superior SCA effect generally involved one of the parents with good GCA effect and the other had been either medium or poor combiner. Transgressive breeding has been opined to be useful in such cases. After compilation of the results it was found that only two cross combinations viz. SML-286(S) x B-1(T) and PDM-54(T) x K-851(T) were superior performers with respect to 7 and 5 characters including yield. Therefore, progeny of these two crosses may be pursued for obtaining lines with higher yield and tolerance to drought.
{"title":"Studies on combining ability in high yielding drought tolerant mungbean genotypes under West Bengal condition","authors":"M. Şen, D. K. De","doi":"10.18805/LR-3537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3537","url":null,"abstract":"Combining ability analysis was carried out in an 8x8 half-diallel fashion in mungbean to understand the combining ability, nature of gene action for thirteen yield and its components in 28 hybrids and their 8 parents. These 8 genotypes were already classified into drought tolerant and drought susceptible types from a laboratory study where PEG (6000) (-3) bar was used to impose drought stress against control for studying the seedling characters. The analysis of variance due to combining ability for the thirteen yield attributing traits in F1 population and their parents revealed that variances due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters indicating that these traits were controlled by both additive and non-additive gene action. Results also showed that cross combinations producing significantly superior SCA effect generally involved one of the parents with good GCA effect and the other had been either medium or poor combiner. Transgressive breeding has been opined to be useful in such cases. After compilation of the results it was found that only two cross combinations viz. SML-286(S) x B-1(T) and PDM-54(T) x K-851(T) were superior performers with respect to 7 and 5 characters including yield. Therefore, progeny of these two crosses may be pursued for obtaining lines with higher yield and tolerance to drought.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74182101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2012 and 2013 to study the effect of moisture conservation practices on growth and yield attributes of pearl millet + pigeonpea intercropping system under rainfed condition in Madhya Pradesh. On the basis of two years pooled data results revealed that green leaf manure with maize residue mulch treatment recorded higher plant height (110.3 cm), more number of tillers per plant (8.4), higher ear length (12.4 cm) and grain weight (33.5g) in pearl millet. Similar treatment recorded higher pigeonpea plant height (140.44 cm), primary branches (8.83), higher number of pods (90.3) and pod weight per plant (79.62g). The magnitude of improvement in grain yield of pearl millet and pigeonpea was 30.18 and 99.9% respectively, by green leaf manure with maize residue mulch compared to control. Similarly PMEY, net return and benefit cost ratio were also higher in green leaf manure with maize residue mulch over control.
{"title":"Effect of moisture conservation practices on growth and yield of pearl millet + pigeonpea intercropping system","authors":"R. Rajput, N. Bhadouriya","doi":"10.18805/LR-3879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3879","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2012 and 2013 to study the effect of moisture conservation practices on growth and yield attributes of pearl millet + pigeonpea intercropping system under rainfed condition in Madhya Pradesh. On the basis of two years pooled data results revealed that green leaf manure with maize residue mulch treatment recorded higher plant height (110.3 cm), more number of tillers per plant (8.4), higher ear length (12.4 cm) and grain weight (33.5g) in pearl millet. Similar treatment recorded higher pigeonpea plant height (140.44 cm), primary branches (8.83), higher number of pods (90.3) and pod weight per plant (79.62g). The magnitude of improvement in grain yield of pearl millet and pigeonpea was 30.18 and 99.9% respectively, by green leaf manure with maize residue mulch compared to control. Similarly PMEY, net return and benefit cost ratio were also higher in green leaf manure with maize residue mulch over control.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81449630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Singh, R. Yadav, S. Godara, Amit Kumawat, Birbal
A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Agriculture Research Station, S K Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner during 3 consecutive kharif season of 2014, 2015 and 2016with fourteen weeds control treatments of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha (PPI), pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha (PE), imazethapyr + pendimethalin 800g/ha, imazethapyr + pendamethalin 900g, imazethapyr + pendamethalin 1000g, imazethapyr 50g, imazethapyr 70g/ha,imazethapyr + imazemox 60g/ha, imazethapyr + imazemox 70g/ha, oxyfluorfen 40g/ha, fenoxaprop p-ethyl 50g/ha, propaquizafop 62g/ha, weed free and weedy check in randomized block design with three replications. Weed free was found most effective to control weeds in groundnut and recorded lowest weed count and weed dry matter of both broad leaved and grassy weeds. Among the different herbicides, application of imazethapyr + pendamethalin 800g recorded efficiently controlled weed count and weed dry matter of both broad leaved and grassy weeds as well as significantly highest yield attribute and yield in groundnut over all the other herbicidal treatments viz. dry matter accumulation (75.2g), number of pods/plant (31.2), pod (2979 kg/ha), haulm (7711 kg/ha) and biological yield (10690 kg/ha). Among the different herbicides, application of imazethapyr + pendamethalin 800g recorded higher net returns of84132/haand B:C ratio of 2.22.
{"title":"Herbicidal weed management in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)","authors":"S. Singh, R. Yadav, S. Godara, Amit Kumawat, Birbal","doi":"10.18805/A-4833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/A-4833","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Agriculture Research Station, S K Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner during 3 consecutive kharif season of 2014, 2015 and 2016with fourteen weeds control treatments of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha (PPI), pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha (PE), imazethapyr + pendimethalin 800g/ha, imazethapyr + pendamethalin 900g, imazethapyr + pendamethalin 1000g, imazethapyr 50g, imazethapyr 70g/ha,imazethapyr + imazemox 60g/ha, imazethapyr + imazemox 70g/ha, oxyfluorfen 40g/ha, fenoxaprop p-ethyl 50g/ha, propaquizafop 62g/ha, weed free and weedy check in randomized block design with three replications. Weed free was found most effective to control weeds in groundnut and recorded lowest weed count and weed dry matter of both broad leaved and grassy weeds. Among the different herbicides, application of imazethapyr + pendamethalin 800g recorded efficiently controlled weed count and weed dry matter of both broad leaved and grassy weeds as well as significantly highest yield attribute and yield in groundnut over all the other herbicidal treatments viz. dry matter accumulation (75.2g), number of pods/plant (31.2), pod (2979 kg/ha), haulm (7711 kg/ha) and biological yield (10690 kg/ha). Among the different herbicides, application of imazethapyr + pendamethalin 800g recorded higher net returns of84132/haand B:C ratio of 2.22.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83663666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present work was undertaken to ascertain prevalence of bacteriocinogenic Rhizobium spp. in mungbean (Vigna radiata). Samples of rhizospheric soil and nodules were plated onto CRYEMA medium, selective for Rhizobium spp. From among the isolates obtained only four, designated as-N8, S1, S6, and S13 demonstrated bacteriocin production. Upto 104 AU/ml (Arbitrary Units/ml) of partially purified bacteriocin (PPB) was detected from N8 and S6. PPB obtained from N8 and S13 exhibited antagonism against indicator strain over a wide range of pH. All isolates of PPB were thermo-stable after heating to 90oC for 5 minutes. N8 exhibited 14.2mm zone of inhibition after heating to 50oC for 10 min. It decreased by 29.5% to 10mm (80oC/ 10min). S6 exhibited zone of inhibition of 11mm (50oC/10min) which decreased by 18.1% to 9mm (80oC/10min). Dual inoculation of nitrogen fixing Rhizobium with bacteriocin producing Rhizobium can ensure greater benefit than using nitrogen fixer alone.
{"title":"Prevalence of bacteriocinogenic Rhizobium spp. in mungbean (Vigna radiata)","authors":"P. K. Maan, S. Garcha, G. S. Walia","doi":"10.18805/LR-3884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3884","url":null,"abstract":"The present work was undertaken to ascertain prevalence of bacteriocinogenic Rhizobium spp. in mungbean (Vigna radiata). Samples of rhizospheric soil and nodules were plated onto CRYEMA medium, selective for Rhizobium spp. From among the isolates obtained only four, designated as-N8, S1, S6, and S13 demonstrated bacteriocin production. Upto 104 AU/ml (Arbitrary Units/ml) of partially purified bacteriocin (PPB) was detected from N8 and S6. PPB obtained from N8 and S13 exhibited antagonism against indicator strain over a wide range of pH. All isolates of PPB were thermo-stable after heating to 90oC for 5 minutes. N8 exhibited 14.2mm zone of inhibition after heating to 50oC for 10 min. It decreased by 29.5% to 10mm (80oC/ 10min). S6 exhibited zone of inhibition of 11mm (50oC/10min) which decreased by 18.1% to 9mm (80oC/10min). Dual inoculation of nitrogen fixing Rhizobium with bacteriocin producing Rhizobium can ensure greater benefit than using nitrogen fixer alone.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85816651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effectiveness of three biopesticides viz., Biowilt-X (based on Trichoderma harzianum), Bionem-X (based on Pochonia chlamydosporia) and Biocure-X (based on Bacillus subtilis) were tested against wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri), root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) and the wilt disease complex (F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri + M. incognita) of chickpea (cv. BG-256). The biopesticides were developed by involving novel technology patented in USA and India and were applied to seeds (5 g/kg seed) and soil (40 g/microplot) to evaluate their effectiveness against the target diseases under field conditions. The pesticides viz., carbendazim and nemacur were applied @ 1.25 kg a.i./h and 6.0 kg a.i./h as soil application, and 2g/kg seed as seed treatment. Chickpea grown in the plots infested with pathogens singly or concomitantly developed characteristic wilt and root-knot symptoms, and exhibited significant yield decline. Application of biopesticides checked the severity of the diseases and the resulting yield declines. Application of Biowilt-X decreased the wilt incidence by 60% and promoted the yield of chickpea (46%) grown in F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri infested plots. The biopesticides Bionem-X and Biocure-X were found effective against root-knot disease and suppressed the galling by 20 and 12% and promoted the yield of infected chickpea plants by 28 and 34% in comparison to the control. Application of Biocure-X was found highly effective against the fungus-nematode wilt disease complex; its seed treatment substantially controlled the wilt and root-knot, and increased the yield of concomitantly infected chickpea by 49°C. Biocure-X was found more effective in increasing the nodulation as compared to other treatments. Effect of carbendazim and nemacur was significant (P Less Than 0.05) in checking the wilt, root knot and disease complex but were not as effective as biopesticides. The present study has demonstrated that biological management of wilt, root-knot and disease complex can be successfully achieved with the application of the developed biopesticides.
试验了三种生物农药Biowilt-X(以哈兹木霉为基料)、Bionem-X(以衣原孢子Pochonia为基料)和biocu - x(以枯草芽孢杆菌为基料)对鹰嘴豆枯萎病(镰刀菌)、根结病(不知名的根结病)和枯萎病复发菌(不知名的镰刀菌+不知名的镰刀菌)的防治效果。bg - 256)。该生物农药采用美国和印度专利新技术开发，分别应用于种子(5 g/kg种子)和土壤(40 g/小区)，在田间条件下评价其对目标病害的防治效果。土壤施用多菌灵1.25 kg a.i./h，土壤施用多菌灵6.0 kg a.i./h，种子处理2g/kg。在单独或同时侵染病原菌的地块上生长的鹰嘴豆出现特征性的萎蔫和根结症状，产量显著下降。生物农药的施用抑制了病害的严重程度和由此导致的产量下降。施用Biowilt-X可使枯萎病发病率降低60%，使鹰嘴豆产量提高46%。生物农药Bionem-X和biocu - x对鹰嘴豆根结病的防治效果较好，对根结病的抑制作用分别为20%和12%，对鹰嘴豆的产量提高了28%和34%。应用Biocure-X对真菌线虫枯萎病复合体有很高的防治效果;其种子处理能有效地控制枯萎病和根结病，并能提高49°C伴随感染鹰嘴豆的产量。与其他处理相比，Biocure-X在增加结瘤方面更有效。多菌灵和奈玛库在防治青枯病、根结病和病复方面的效果显著(P < 0.05)，但不如生物农药。本研究表明，开发的生物农药可以成功地实现对青枯病、根结病和病害复合体的生物管理。
{"title":"Efficacy of newly developed biopesticides for the management of wilt disease complex of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"S. Singh, M. Khan","doi":"10.18805/LR-3873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3873","url":null,"abstract":"Effectiveness of three biopesticides viz., Biowilt-X (based on Trichoderma harzianum), Bionem-X (based on Pochonia chlamydosporia) and Biocure-X (based on Bacillus subtilis) were tested against wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri), root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) and the wilt disease complex (F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri + M. incognita) of chickpea (cv. BG-256). The biopesticides were developed by involving novel technology patented in USA and India and were applied to seeds (5 g/kg seed) and soil (40 g/microplot) to evaluate their effectiveness against the target diseases under field conditions. The pesticides viz., carbendazim and nemacur were applied @ 1.25 kg a.i./h and 6.0 kg a.i./h as soil application, and 2g/kg seed as seed treatment. Chickpea grown in the plots infested with pathogens singly or concomitantly developed characteristic wilt and root-knot symptoms, and exhibited significant yield decline. Application of biopesticides checked the severity of the diseases and the resulting yield declines. Application of Biowilt-X decreased the wilt incidence by 60% and promoted the yield of chickpea (46%) grown in F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri infested plots. The biopesticides Bionem-X and Biocure-X were found effective against root-knot disease and suppressed the galling by 20 and 12% and promoted the yield of infected chickpea plants by 28 and 34% in comparison to the control. Application of Biocure-X was found highly effective against the fungus-nematode wilt disease complex; its seed treatment substantially controlled the wilt and root-knot, and increased the yield of concomitantly infected chickpea by 49°C. Biocure-X was found more effective in increasing the nodulation as compared to other treatments. Effect of carbendazim and nemacur was significant (P Less Than 0.05) in checking the wilt, root knot and disease complex but were not as effective as biopesticides. The present study has demonstrated that biological management of wilt, root-knot and disease complex can be successfully achieved with the application of the developed biopesticides.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86150379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Jyothireddy, B. Prabhakar, P. Saidaiah, S. Pandravada
Thirty five genotypes of dolichos bean germplasm lines were evaluated for genetic divergence, variability, heritability and genetic advance at Vegetable Research Station, Agriculture Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during August, 2016 to March, 2017. Thirty five genotypes were grouped into six clusters based on the relative magnitude of D2 values. The highest number of genotypes (15) appeared in cluster II. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster III and cluster VI (D2=1780.19).The minimum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster IV (D2 =333.46). Maximum intra cluster distance was in cluster IV (D2=249.64). Among the characters, the maximum contribution towards divergence was made by pod yield per plant (26.21%). High heritability estimates were observed for 15 characters and medium heritability was observed for primary branches per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed breadth and 100 dry seed weight. High genetic advance along with relatively high heritability percent were observed for vine length, days to first flowering, pod length, pod width, pod weight, number of pods per plant, seed length, seed breadth, 100 fresh seed weight, protein content, fibre content and pod yield per plant. Hence, due weightage should be given to the above traits, while selection is practiced for multilocation trails improvement of varieties.
{"title":"Genetic divergence, variability, heritability and genetic advance for growth, pod quality and yield characters in dolichos bean (Dolichos lablab L.var. typicus Prain) germplasm","authors":"K. Jyothireddy, B. Prabhakar, P. Saidaiah, S. Pandravada","doi":"10.18805/LR-3952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3952","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty five genotypes of dolichos bean germplasm lines were evaluated for genetic divergence, variability, heritability and genetic advance at Vegetable Research Station, Agriculture Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during August, 2016 to March, 2017. Thirty five genotypes were grouped into six clusters based on the relative magnitude of D2 values. The highest number of genotypes (15) appeared in cluster II. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster III and cluster VI (D2=1780.19).The minimum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster IV (D2 =333.46). Maximum intra cluster distance was in cluster IV (D2=249.64). Among the characters, the maximum contribution towards divergence was made by pod yield per plant (26.21%). High heritability estimates were observed for 15 characters and medium heritability was observed for primary branches per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed breadth and 100 dry seed weight. High genetic advance along with relatively high heritability percent were observed for vine length, days to first flowering, pod length, pod width, pod weight, number of pods per plant, seed length, seed breadth, 100 fresh seed weight, protein content, fibre content and pod yield per plant. Hence, due weightage should be given to the above traits, while selection is practiced for multilocation trails improvement of varieties.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84582630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qun Sun, Liwei PZhu, Wenjing, J. Zhang, Jianhua Wang
In this paper, the physical and chemical differences of seed coat between hard and soft seeds from the same Licorice lot were identified. Electron microscopy-based examination revealed that the cracks on hard seeds coat were much less obvious (shallower and narrower) than those of soft seeds, and that hilar fissure from hard seeds was considerably narrower. Endosperm of hard seeds was markedly thicker than that of soft seeds. Finally, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry revealed significant enrichment for 12 out of the 14 tested mineral elements in hard seed coat. It could be concluded that these above features of hard seeds would increase their resistance to physical impact and protect against cracks in seed coat surface, thus contributing to the impermeability of hard seeds.
{"title":"Physical and chemical difference of seed coat between hard and soft seeds of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch)","authors":"Qun Sun, Liwei PZhu, Wenjing, J. Zhang, Jianhua Wang","doi":"10.18805/LR-376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-376","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the physical and chemical differences of seed coat between hard and soft seeds from the same Licorice lot were identified. Electron microscopy-based examination revealed that the cracks on hard seeds coat were much less obvious (shallower and narrower) than those of soft seeds, and that hilar fissure from hard seeds was considerably narrower. Endosperm of hard seeds was markedly thicker than that of soft seeds. Finally, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry revealed significant enrichment for 12 out of the 14 tested mineral elements in hard seed coat. It could be concluded that these above features of hard seeds would increase their resistance to physical impact and protect against cracks in seed coat surface, thus contributing to the impermeability of hard seeds.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77484281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：