Marine environmental research最新文献_第8页

Habitat preference and physiological characteristics of sea urchins: the case of Tripneustes gratilla 海胆的生境偏好及生理特性：以海胆为例。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107814

Xinran Zhao , Ankai Zhang , Yu Guo , Jiaqi Su , Chuanxin Qin , Manju Jiang , Xingqiang Wang , Zhenhua Ma , Gang Yu , Yindong Gu

Tripneustes gratilla is an economically important sea urchin species that is found in the tropics and has great potential for market development. However, owing to habitat loss, overfishing, climate change and other factors, the natural resources of this species have experienced serious decline. Understanding the habitat selection patterns and physiological responses of this species is highly important for promoting the sustainability of its resources. In this study, we investigated the preferences of T. gratilla for three habitat types, including a Sargassum habitat, natural sand habitat and coral reef rock habitat; on the basis of the results of the selection experiments, we further resolved the effects of combined habitats (Sargassum–coral rock) and the size of the sea urchins (large, medium and small) on their behavioural patterns. The results of this study revealed that sea urchins preferred the Sargassum habitat, followed by the coral reef rock habitat. The sea urchins in the Sargassum habitat exhibited the highest activities of catecholamine hormones and digestive enzymes. In the combined habitat, the small sea urchins exhibited higher activities, with higher reef-finding rates and longer travel distances. Temperature was negatively correlated with the distances travelled by the medium and small sea urchins, whereas there was not a significant correlation with the large sea urchins. There was no significant correlation between light intensity and the distance travelled by individuals in any of the three size classes. However, during the 5:00–15:00 period, regression analyses revealed some relationships between the distance travelled by sea urchins temperature and light. The results of this study may provide a reference for enhancing the resources of T. gratilla and its sustainable development and utilization.

三角海胆是热带地区重要的经济海胆品种，市场开发潜力巨大。然而，由于栖息地丧失、过度捕捞、气候变化等因素，该物种的自然资源严重减少。了解该物种的生境选择模式和生理反应对促进其资源的可持续性具有重要意义。在本研究中，我们研究了马尾藻生境、天然沙质生境和珊瑚礁岩生境3种生境类型对黄颡鱼的偏好；在选择实验结果的基础上，我们进一步解决了组合栖息地（马尾石-珊瑚岩）和海胆大小（大、中、小）对其行为模式的影响。研究结果表明，海胆最喜欢马尾藻生境，其次是珊瑚礁岩生境。马尾藻生境中海胆的儿茶酚胺激素和消化酶活性最高。在联合生境中，小海胆表现出更高的活动，更高的珊瑚礁发现率和更长的旅行距离。温度与中、小型海胆的游程呈负相关，而与大型海胆的游程无显著相关。光强度与三种体型的个体所走的距离之间没有显著的相关性。然而，回归分析显示，在5:00-15:00期间，海胆移动的距离与温度和光之间存在一定的关系。本研究结果可为加强黄花的资源利用和可持续开发利用提供参考。

{"title":"Habitat preference and physiological characteristics of sea urchins: the case of Tripneustes gratilla","authors":"Xinran Zhao , Ankai Zhang , Yu Guo , Jiaqi Su , Chuanxin Qin , Manju Jiang , Xingqiang Wang , Zhenhua Ma , Gang Yu , Yindong Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Tripneustes gratilla</em> is an economically important sea urchin species that is found in the tropics and has great potential for market development. However, owing to habitat loss, overfishing, climate change and other factors, the natural resources of this species have experienced serious decline. Understanding the habitat selection patterns and physiological responses of this species is highly important for promoting the sustainability of its resources. In this study, we investigated the preferences of <em>T. gratilla</em> for three habitat types, including a Sargassum habitat, natural sand habitat and coral reef rock habitat; on the basis of the results of the selection experiments, we further resolved the effects of combined habitats (Sargassum–coral rock) and the size of the sea urchins (large, medium and small) on their behavioural patterns. The results of this study revealed that sea urchins preferred the Sargassum habitat, followed by the coral reef rock habitat. The sea urchins in the Sargassum habitat exhibited the highest activities of catecholamine hormones and digestive enzymes. In the combined habitat, the small sea urchins exhibited higher activities, with higher reef-finding rates and longer travel distances. Temperature was negatively correlated with the distances travelled by the medium and small sea urchins, whereas there was not a significant correlation with the large sea urchins. There was no significant correlation between light intensity and the distance travelled by individuals in any of the three size classes. However, during the 5:00–15:00 period, regression analyses revealed some relationships between the distance travelled by sea urchins temperature and light. The results of this study may provide a reference for enhancing the resources of <em>T. gratilla</em> and its sustainable development and utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of marine heatwaves on bivalves during reproduction 海洋热浪对双壳类动物繁殖的影响。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107810

Xiaoning Zang , Ke Yang , Hongyu Liang , Fortunatus Masanja , Yu He , Yong Liu , Liqiang Zhao

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have increased in frequency, intensity, and duration in this era of unprecedented climate change, posing significant threats to bivalves. Yet, the consequences of MHWs for bivalves during reproductive conditioning, which are vital for the recruitment success and population maintenance, remain largely unknown. Here, we assessed the impact of intensifying MHWs on economically and ecologically significant clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) during gonadal maturation. The survival of clams significantly decreased to 56 % following repeated exposure to the most severe thermal scenario of MHWs (22 °C–32 °C for 5 days and then recovery at 22 °C for 5 days for each event). Qualitative evidence suggests that intensifying MHWs resulted in irreversible gonadal impairments in both female and male clams even after two recovery periods. With increasing frequency and intensify of MHWs, activities of energy-metabolizing enzymes (NKA, CMA, and T-ATP) decreased initially and then increased significantly. This pattern agreed well with changes in enzyme performances (e.g., SOD, CAT, MDA, AKP, ACP) and associated gene expressions in the gill antioxidant and immune defence system. Our, our findings demonstrate that R. philippinarum exhibits physiological plasticity in response to MHWs. However, significant increases in mortality and irreversible impairments in gonads underscore the profound impact of intensifying MHWs on bivalves during reproduction, which can affect recruitment success and population maintenance.

在这个前所未有的气候变化时代，海洋热浪的频率、强度和持续时间都在增加，对双壳类动物构成了重大威胁。然而，在双壳类动物的繁殖过程中，mhw对其产生的影响在很大程度上仍是未知的，而这对双壳类动物的繁殖成功和种群维持至关重要。在这里，我们评估了在性腺成熟期间，mhw的增强对经济和生态意义重大的蛤（菲律宾蛤）的影响。在重复暴露于MHWs最严重的热情景（22°C-32°C 5天，然后在22°C下恢复5天）后，蛤蜊的存活率显著下降至56%。定性证据表明，即使在两个恢复期后，MHWs的加剧也会导致雌性和雄性蛤的性腺损伤。随着MHWs频率和强度的增加，能量代谢酶（NKA、CMA和T-ATP）活性先降低后显著升高。这种模式与鳃抗氧化和免疫防御系统中酶性能（如SOD、CAT、MDA、AKP、ACP）和相关基因表达的变化非常吻合。我们的研究结果表明，菲律宾r.p ilinarum在MHWs的反应中表现出生理可塑性。然而，死亡率的显著增加和性腺的不可逆损伤强调了在繁殖过程中mhw的增强对双壳类动物的深远影响，这可能影响招募的成功和种群的维持。

{"title":"Impacts of marine heatwaves on bivalves during reproduction","authors":"Xiaoning Zang , Ke Yang , Hongyu Liang , Fortunatus Masanja , Yu He , Yong Liu , Liqiang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have increased in frequency, intensity, and duration in this era of unprecedented climate change, posing significant threats to bivalves. Yet, the consequences of MHWs for bivalves during reproductive conditioning, which are vital for the recruitment success and population maintenance, remain largely unknown. Here, we assessed the impact of intensifying MHWs on economically and ecologically significant clams (<em>Ruditapes philippinarum</em>) during gonadal maturation. The survival of clams significantly decreased to 56 % following repeated exposure to the most severe thermal scenario of MHWs (22 °C–32 °C for 5 days and then recovery at 22 °C for 5 days for each event). Qualitative evidence suggests that intensifying MHWs resulted in irreversible gonadal impairments in both female and male clams even after two recovery periods. With increasing frequency and intensify of MHWs, activities of energy-metabolizing enzymes (NKA, CMA, and T-ATP) decreased initially and then increased significantly. This pattern agreed well with changes in enzyme performances (e.g., SOD, CAT, MDA, AKP, ACP) and associated gene expressions in the gill antioxidant and immune defence system. Our, our findings demonstrate that <em>R. philippinarum</em> exhibits physiological plasticity in response to MHWs. However, significant increases in mortality and irreversible impairments in gonads underscore the profound impact of intensifying MHWs on bivalves during reproduction, which can affect recruitment success and population maintenance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon cycling across coastal soft sediments: the contribution of macrofaunal communities to seafloor respiration 沿海软沉积物的碳循环：大型动物群落对海底呼吸的贡献。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107812

Eva K. Rohlfer , Anna Villnäs , Camilla Gustafsson , Johanna Gammal , Laura Kauppi , Karl Attard , Joanna Norkko , Alf Norkko

Coastal ecosystems are biodiversity and carbon-cycling hotspots. However, links between biodiversity and carbon cycling are poorly understood and the role of macrobenthic fauna is often overlooked, despite its contribution to carbon storage and processing and key role in ecosystem functioning. Data that simultaneously quantify macrofauna and link it to seafloor carbon fluxes across coastal soft-sediment habitats are scarce which impedes our ability to assess the contribution of macrofauna to carbon cycling. In this meta-data analysis, we combined data from studies quantifying seafloor respiration over environmental gradients in the Baltic Sea (Finnish Archipelago), with faunal abundance and biomass data, to examine the faunal contribution to seafloor respiration as a measure of carbon cycling across habitat types and seasons. The proportional contribution of macrofauna to seafloor respiration was greater in sandy habitats, whereas overall seafloor respiration rates were highest in muddy habitats with elevated organic matter content. Seasonal patterns in seafloor respiration varied with water depth, while the seasonal variability of faunal respiration decreased with increasing water depth. The relative contribution of fauna was highest in winter, when seafloor respiration was low, and in late summer, when seafloor respiration declined but faunal respiration remained high. Bivalves (e.g. Macoma balthica) and polychaetes (e.g. Marenzelleria spp.) accounted for the largest share of faunal respiration, highlighting their central roles within benthic ecosystems. Macrofauna contribution to total respiration decreased with increasing water depth, organic matter content, and temperatures, indicating that variables enhancing carbon turnover depend on habitat type, biodiversity, and season. The observed patterns emphasize the importance of including biodiversity elements, such as relative species abundance, biomass and functional traits of key taxa in carbon cycling assessments.

沿海生态系统是生物多样性和碳循环的热点。然而，人们对生物多样性和碳循环之间的联系知之甚少，大型底栖动物的作用往往被忽视，尽管它们对碳储存和加工做出了贡献，并在生态系统功能中发挥了关键作用。同时量化大型动物并将其与沿海软沉积物栖息地的海底碳通量联系起来的数据很少，这阻碍了我们评估大型动物对碳循环的贡献的能力。在此元数据分析中，我们将波罗的海（芬兰群岛）环境梯度下海底呼吸量化研究的数据与动物丰度和生物量数据相结合，以检验动物对海底呼吸的贡献，作为跨栖息地类型和季节碳循环的测量。大型动物对海底呼吸的比例贡献在沙质生境中更大，而总体海底呼吸速率在有机质含量较高的泥泞生境中最高。海底呼吸的季节变化随水深的增加而变化，而动物呼吸的季节变化随水深的增加而减小。动物群的相对贡献在海底呼吸作用较弱的冬季和海底呼吸作用减弱但动物群呼吸作用较高的夏末最大。双壳类（如Macoma balthica）和多毛类（如Marenzelleria spp.）占动物呼吸的最大份额，突出了它们在底栖生态系统中的核心作用。大型动物对总呼吸的贡献随水深、有机质含量和温度的增加而降低，表明促进碳周转的变量取决于生境类型、生物多样性和季节。这些模式强调了在碳循环评估中纳入生物多样性要素的重要性，如相对物种丰度、生物量和关键分类群的功能特征。

{"title":"Carbon cycling across coastal soft sediments: the contribution of macrofaunal communities to seafloor respiration","authors":"Eva K. Rohlfer , Anna Villnäs , Camilla Gustafsson , Johanna Gammal , Laura Kauppi , Karl Attard , Joanna Norkko , Alf Norkko","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal ecosystems are biodiversity and carbon-cycling hotspots. However, links between biodiversity and carbon cycling are poorly understood and the role of macrobenthic fauna is often overlooked, despite its contribution to carbon storage and processing and key role in ecosystem functioning. Data that simultaneously quantify macrofauna and link it to seafloor carbon fluxes across coastal soft-sediment habitats are scarce which impedes our ability to assess the contribution of macrofauna to carbon cycling. In this meta-data analysis, we combined data from studies quantifying seafloor respiration over environmental gradients in the Baltic Sea (Finnish Archipelago), with faunal abundance and biomass data, to examine the faunal contribution to seafloor respiration as a measure of carbon cycling across habitat types and seasons. The proportional contribution of macrofauna to seafloor respiration was greater in sandy habitats, whereas overall seafloor respiration rates were highest in muddy habitats with elevated organic matter content. Seasonal patterns in seafloor respiration varied with water depth, while the seasonal variability of faunal respiration decreased with increasing water depth. The relative contribution of fauna was highest in winter, when seafloor respiration was low, and in late summer, when seafloor respiration declined but faunal respiration remained high. Bivalves (e.g. <em>Macoma balthica</em>) and polychaetes (e.g. <em>Marenzelleria</em> spp.) accounted for the largest share of faunal respiration, highlighting their central roles within benthic ecosystems. Macrofauna contribution to total respiration decreased with increasing water depth, organic matter content, and temperatures, indicating that variables enhancing carbon turnover depend on habitat type, biodiversity, and season. The observed patterns emphasize the importance of including biodiversity elements, such as relative species abundance, biomass and functional traits of key taxa in carbon cycling assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107812"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145863210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The rolling stones' legacy: Rhodoliths retain their habitat function after algal death 滚石乐队的遗产：在藻类死亡后，Rhodoliths保留了它们的栖息地功能。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107809

Fernanda C. de Oliveira-Carlos , Pedro Augusto dos Santos Longo , Jorge L. Gutiérrez , Cinthya Simone Gomes Santos , Andre R. Senna , Guilherme H. Pereira-Filho

Rhodoliths - unattached calcareous nodules formed by coralline red algae - can persist on the seafloor long after algal death, creating structural legacies that shape benthic communities. To test whether dead rhodoliths differ from living ones in their habitat function for macroinvertebrates, we conducted a 35-day recolonization experiment using living rhodoliths cleared of macroinvertebrates (“living” treatment), rhodoliths experimentally killed and cleared by boiling (“dead” treatment), and unmanipulated living rhodoliths as controls. Across treatments, 122 macroinvertebrate taxa were recorded. Overall density, richness, and diversity did not differ significantly among treatments. Assemblages in living and dead rhodoliths were statistically indistinguishable, while both differed slightly from controls, although such differences accounted for less than 9 % of total variation. Taxon-specific contrasts contributed little to dissimilarities, with no single species explaining more than 3 % of variation. These findings indicate that the calcareous structure of rhodoliths provides a lasting habitat function, sustaining macroinvertebrate communities even after algal death. Recognition of the ecological role of dead rhodoliths emphasizes that rhodolith beds should not be considered “dead systems,” even when dominated by non-living nodules. Their likely centennial - to millennial - scale persistence highlights their long-term contributions to habitat complexity and biodiversity support, while also underscoring their vulnerability to destructive human activities such as trawling and seabed mining.

红石——由珊瑚红藻形成的独立的钙质结节——可以在藻类死亡后很长时间留在海底，形成形成底栖生物群落的结构遗产。为了测试大型无脊椎动物的死红石与活红石的栖息地功能是否不同，我们进行了一项为期35天的再定殖实验，使用清除大型无脊椎动物的活红石（“活”处理）、实验杀死并通过煮沸清除的红石（“死”处理）和未处理的活红石作为对照。在不同处理下，共记录到122个大型无脊椎动物类群。总体密度、丰富度和多样性在处理间无显著差异。活的和死的牙石中的组合在统计上是无法区分的，虽然两者都与对照组略有不同，但这种差异占总变异的不到9%。分类群特异性对比对差异贡献不大，没有一个物种解释超过3%的变异。这些发现表明，rhodoliths的钙质结构提供了持久的栖息地功能，即使在藻类死亡后也能维持大型无脊椎动物群落。认识到死红石的生态作用，强调红石床不应该被认为是“死亡系统”，即使是非活结节占主导地位。它们可能在百年至千年的尺度上持续存在，这突出了它们对栖息地复杂性和生物多样性支持的长期贡献，同时也突出了它们对拖网捕捞和海底采矿等破坏性人类活动的脆弱性。

{"title":"The rolling stones' legacy: Rhodoliths retain their habitat function after algal death","authors":"Fernanda C. de Oliveira-Carlos , Pedro Augusto dos Santos Longo , Jorge L. Gutiérrez , Cinthya Simone Gomes Santos , Andre R. Senna , Guilherme H. Pereira-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhodoliths - unattached calcareous nodules formed by coralline red algae - can persist on the seafloor long after algal death, creating structural legacies that shape benthic communities. To test whether dead rhodoliths differ from living ones in their habitat function for macroinvertebrates, we conducted a 35-day recolonization experiment using living rhodoliths cleared of macroinvertebrates (“living” treatment), rhodoliths experimentally killed and cleared by boiling (“dead” treatment), and unmanipulated living rhodoliths as controls. Across treatments, 122 macroinvertebrate taxa were recorded. Overall density, richness, and diversity did not differ significantly among treatments. Assemblages in living and dead rhodoliths were statistically indistinguishable, while both differed slightly from controls, although such differences accounted for less than 9 % of total variation. Taxon-specific contrasts contributed little to dissimilarities, with no single species explaining more than 3 % of variation. These findings indicate that the calcareous structure of rhodoliths provides a lasting habitat function, sustaining macroinvertebrate communities even after algal death. Recognition of the ecological role of dead rhodoliths emphasizes that rhodolith beds should not be considered “dead systems,” even when dominated by non-living nodules. Their likely centennial - to millennial - scale persistence highlights their long-term contributions to habitat complexity and biodiversity support, while also underscoring their vulnerability to destructive human activities such as trawling and seabed mining.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145827790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subtidal macroalgae shifts in a key transitional coastal region: the role of extreme events 关键沿海过渡区潮下大型藻类转移：极端事件的作用。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107808

Xabier Guinda, Elvira Ramos, Camino F. de la Hoz, Araceli Puente, José A. Juanes

Macroalgae forests are suffering important alterations around the world due to climate driven changes. In many cases, canopy-forming species are being replaced by turfing algae, leading to impoverished ecosystems with lower diversity and a simplified food-web complexity. The present study describes the shifts observed since 2005 in the coast of Cantabria, a key transitional region for the distribution of cold-temperate and warm-temperate biological communities of the NE Atlantic, and relates them with changes in the environmental conditions. The study analyses the distribution and abundance of subtidal macroalgae species found in 2005 and 2017/2019 following the same methodological approach. As physical variables sea surface temperature (SST) and significant wave height (Hs) are analysed since 1985, with a special emphasis in the occurrence of extreme events. The results obtained show an almost disappearance of kelps, a notable reduction of other canopy-forming species and an increasing coverage of turf-forming and non-indigenous species. Moreover, significant differences are observed among coastal zones and depth ranges. These changes seem to be related to a combined effect of i) a long-term SST increasing trend observed since the 1980s and ii) a short-term occurrence of several extreme warming events observed since 2003. The loss of resilience produced during the long-term stress could have facilitated the switch in the ecosystem, accelerated by the short-term extreme events. The dramatic consequences that could arise from the disappearance of macroalgae forests calls for the adoption of management measures for the conservation of this valuable component of the coastal ecosystems.

由于气候变化，世界各地的大型藻类森林正在遭受重大变化。在许多情况下，形成树冠的物种正在被转化藻类所取代，导致生态系统的多样性下降，食物网的复杂性简化。本文描述了2005年以来东北大西洋寒温带和暖温带生物群落分布的关键过渡区坎塔布里亚海岸的变化，并将其与环境条件的变化联系起来。该研究采用相同的方法分析了2005年和2017/2019年发现的潮下大型藻类的分布和丰度。作为物理变量，我们分析了1985年以来的海表温度（SST）和有效波高（Hs），特别强调了极端事件的发生。结果表明，海带几乎消失，其他冠层形成物种显著减少，草坪形成物种和非本地物种的盖度增加。此外，沿海带和深度范围之间存在显著差异。这些变化似乎与以下因素的综合作用有关：1)自20世纪80年代以来观测到的长期海温上升趋势；2)自2003年以来观测到的若干极端变暖事件的短期发生。在长期压力下产生的恢复力的丧失可能促进了生态系统的转变，短期极端事件加速了这种转变。大型藻林消失可能造成的严重后果要求采取管理措施，保护沿海生态系统的这一宝贵组成部分。

{"title":"Subtidal macroalgae shifts in a key transitional coastal region: the role of extreme events","authors":"Xabier Guinda, Elvira Ramos, Camino F. de la Hoz, Araceli Puente, José A. Juanes","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Macroalgae forests are suffering important alterations around the world due to climate driven changes. In many cases, canopy-forming species are being replaced by turfing algae, leading to impoverished ecosystems with lower diversity and a simplified food-web complexity. The present study describes the shifts observed since 2005 in the coast of Cantabria, a key transitional region for the distribution of cold-temperate and warm-temperate biological communities of the NE Atlantic, and relates them with changes in the environmental conditions. The study analyses the distribution and abundance of subtidal macroalgae species found in 2005 and 2017/2019 following the same methodological approach. As physical variables sea surface temperature (SST) and significant wave height (Hs) are analysed since 1985, with a special emphasis in the occurrence of extreme events. The results obtained show an almost disappearance of kelps, a notable reduction of other canopy-forming species and an increasing coverage of turf-forming and non-indigenous species. Moreover, significant differences are observed among coastal zones and depth ranges. These changes seem to be related to a combined effect of i) a long-term SST increasing trend observed since the 1980s and ii) a short-term occurrence of several extreme warming events observed since 2003. The loss of resilience produced during the long-term stress could have facilitated the switch in the ecosystem, accelerated by the short-term extreme events. The dramatic consequences that could arise from the disappearance of macroalgae forests calls for the adoption of management measures for the conservation of this valuable component of the coastal ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107808"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145827778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-resolution temporal dynamics of diatoms in a large and well-mixed tropical estuary 大型混合良好的热带河口中硅藻的高分辨率时间动态

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107807

Paula Birocchi , Wilson Oliveira-Souza , Caio Braz , Danilo Augusto Silva , Luciana Rocha Frazão , José Juan Barrera-Alba , Guilherme C. Lessa , Rubens M. Lopes

We conducted a high-resolution analysis of diatom populations in the microphytoplankton size range using data collected at 30-min intervals over a 20-month period by an automated imaging system deployed near the mouth of Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS), Brazil. Seven diatom taxa were identified and quantified through automated classification using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Frequency-domain analysis revealed distinct environmental drivers acting across different temporal scales. At high-frequency scales (<53 h), solar radiation was the predominant factor influencing diatom abundances. At intermediate to monthly scales (53 h–13 days, neap-spring cycles of 13–15 days, and monthly scales), canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity were the primary environmental drivers. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models highlighted colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and the north-south wind component as key predictors for Coscinodiscus wailesii abundances. K-strategist marine taxa, including Rhizosolenia robusta and the Rhizosolenia–Proboscia complex, exhibited peak densities during neap tides, coinciding with stronger intrusion events of oligotrophic oceanic waters into the bay. Conversely, r-strategist coastal and estuarine taxa, including C. wailesii, Bacteriastrum-Chaetoceros complex, and Guinardia striata, reached maximum abundances during spring tides, associated with enhanced river discharge and pronounced ebb flow conditions. These taxon-specific distribution patterns demonstrate the influence of environmental forcing across multiple temporal scales on diatom populations. Our findings show the effectiveness of frequency-domain analytical approaches in resolving the complex interactions between environmental variability and phytoplankton dynamics, enhancing understanding of bottom-up regulatory processes and inter-taxa ecological interactions in coastal tropical ecosystems.

我们利用部署在巴西Baía de Todos os Santos （BTS）河口附近的自动成像系统在20个月期间每隔30分钟收集的数据，对微型浮游植物大小范围内的硅藻种群进行了高分辨率分析。利用卷积神经网络（CNN）对7个硅藻分类群进行了自动分类。频域分析揭示了不同的环境驱动因素在不同的时间尺度上起作用。在高频尺度（53 h），太阳辐射是影响硅藻丰度的主要因素。在中月尺度（53 h-13 d，小潮-春周期为13-15 d，月尺度），典型对应分析（CCA）表明，溶解氧、温度和盐度是主要的环境驱动因素。多元线性回归（MLR）模型突出了彩色溶解有机质（CDOM）和南北风分量是尾盘藻丰度的关键预测因子。在小潮期间，包括根扶桑属（rhizzosolenia robusta）和根扶桑-长鼻复合（rhizzosolenia - proboscia complex）在内的k -战略海洋分类群的密度达到峰值，这与低营养海水入侵海湾的强烈事件相一致。相反，r-战略海岸和河口分类群，包括C. wailesii、Bacteriastrum-Chaetoceros复群和Guinardia striata，在大潮期间丰度最高，与河流流量增加和明显的退潮条件有关。这些分类群的分布模式显示了环境强迫跨时间尺度对硅藻种群的影响。我们的研究结果表明，频域分析方法在解决环境变异性与浮游植物动力学之间复杂的相互作用方面是有效的，增强了对沿海热带生态系统中自下而上的调节过程和类群间生态相互作用的理解。

{"title":"High-resolution temporal dynamics of diatoms in a large and well-mixed tropical estuary","authors":"Paula Birocchi , Wilson Oliveira-Souza , Caio Braz , Danilo Augusto Silva , Luciana Rocha Frazão , José Juan Barrera-Alba , Guilherme C. Lessa , Rubens M. Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted a high-resolution analysis of diatom populations in the microphytoplankton size range using data collected at 30-min intervals over a 20-month period by an automated imaging system deployed near the mouth of Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS), Brazil. Seven diatom taxa were identified and quantified through automated classification using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Frequency-domain analysis revealed distinct environmental drivers acting across different temporal scales. At high-frequency scales (<53 h), solar radiation was the predominant factor influencing diatom abundances. At intermediate to monthly scales (53 h–13 days, neap-spring cycles of 13–15 days, and monthly scales), canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity were the primary environmental drivers. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models highlighted colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and the north-south wind component as key predictors for <em>Coscinodiscus wailesii</em> abundances. K-strategist marine taxa, including <em>Rhizosolenia robusta</em> and the <em>Rhizosolenia–Proboscia</em> complex, exhibited peak densities during neap tides, coinciding with stronger intrusion events of oligotrophic oceanic waters into the bay. Conversely, r-strategist coastal and estuarine taxa, including <em>C. wailesii, Bacteriastrum-Chaetoceros</em> complex, and <em>Guinardia striata</em>, reached maximum abundances during spring tides, associated with enhanced river discharge and pronounced ebb flow conditions. These taxon-specific distribution patterns demonstrate the influence of environmental forcing across multiple temporal scales on diatom populations. Our findings show the effectiveness of frequency-domain analytical approaches in resolving the complex interactions between environmental variability and phytoplankton dynamics, enhancing understanding of bottom-up regulatory processes and inter-taxa ecological interactions in coastal tropical ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrient flow modeling as a tool for investigating self-regulating mechanisms and productivity in eutrophication processes in coastal lagoons 作为研究沿海泻湖富营养化过程中自我调节机制和生产力的工具的养分流模型。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107804

Angel Pérez-Ruzafa , Concepción Marcos , Ali Erturk

Coastal lagoon ecosystems have high biological and fishery production and important biological and socio-economic values. At the same time, they are vulnerable to the increasingly intense input of nutrients from natural, agricultural and urban sources, making them susceptible to eutrophication and dystrophic crises.

The Mar Menor, one of the largest coastal lagoons in the Mediterranean, has maintained its exceptional combination of high biological production and high environmental quality for many years, making it an important social and economic driver. However, changes in agricultural practices and inappropriate management over the last three decades have initiated a process of eutrophication that, after 20 years of self-regulation by the ecosystem, has led to a eutrophication crisis that threatens the ecological integrity of the lagoon. The high homeostatic capacity and resilience of the ecosystem to nutrient inputs raises the question of whether it is possible to know the carrying capacity of the system and what self-regulatory mechanisms allow it to maintain ecological integrity and productivity despite nutrient inputs.

We model the N/P balance in the lagoon to analyse the nutrient loads that lead to ecosystem collapse and water quality loss, and to understand the mechanisms that enable the ecosystem's homeostatic capacity and its recovery after eutrophic crises and system failures.

沿海泻湖生态系统具有很高的生物和渔业产量以及重要的生物和社会经济价值。与此同时，它们容易受到来自自然、农业和城市来源的日益密集的营养投入的影响，使它们容易受到富营养化和营养不良危机的影响。Mar Menor是地中海最大的沿海泻湖之一，多年来一直保持着高生物产量和高环境质量的独特结合，使其成为重要的社会和经济驱动力。然而，在过去三十年中，农业实践的变化和不适当的管理引发了富营养化过程，经过生态系统20年的自我调节，导致富营养化危机，威胁到泻湖的生态完整性。生态系统对养分投入的高稳态能力和恢复力提出了一个问题，即是否有可能知道系统的承载能力，以及什么样的自我调节机制允许它在养分投入的情况下保持生态完整性和生产力。我们模拟了泻湖的N/P平衡，分析了导致生态系统崩溃和水质损失的营养负荷，并了解了在富营养化危机和系统故障后使生态系统的稳态能力及其恢复的机制。

{"title":"Nutrient flow modeling as a tool for investigating self-regulating mechanisms and productivity in eutrophication processes in coastal lagoons","authors":"Angel Pérez-Ruzafa , Concepción Marcos , Ali Erturk","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal lagoon ecosystems have high biological and fishery production and important biological and socio-economic values. At the same time, they are vulnerable to the increasingly intense input of nutrients from natural, agricultural and urban sources, making them susceptible to eutrophication and dystrophic crises.</div><div>The Mar Menor, one of the largest coastal lagoons in the Mediterranean, has maintained its exceptional combination of high biological production and high environmental quality for many years, making it an important social and economic driver. However, changes in agricultural practices and inappropriate management over the last three decades have initiated a process of eutrophication that, after 20 years of self-regulation by the ecosystem, has led to a eutrophication crisis that threatens the ecological integrity of the lagoon. The high homeostatic capacity and resilience of the ecosystem to nutrient inputs raises the question of whether it is possible to know the carrying capacity of the system and what self-regulatory mechanisms allow it to maintain ecological integrity and productivity despite nutrient inputs.</div><div>We model the N/P balance in the lagoon to analyse the nutrient loads that lead to ecosystem collapse and water quality loss, and to understand the mechanisms that enable the ecosystem's homeostatic capacity and its recovery after eutrophic crises and system failures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic adjustments and oxidative constraints: transition from intracapsular confinement to pelagic larval life in the marine gastropod Crepipatella peruviana 代谢调节和氧化约束：从囊内禁闭到海洋腹足类秘鲁Crepipatella peruviana幼虫生活的转变。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107802

F.J. Paredes-Molina , M.E. Manzano , S. Zabala , E.N. Sabja-Llanos , H.N. Jaramillo , E.C.G. Couto , V.M. Cubillos , O.R. Chaparro

Many marine gastropods show what is called “mixed development,” in which early stages are retained in the mother or in protective egg capsules and later stages are free-living. In molluscs with such mixed development, encapsulation and physical parental care increase embryo viability by protecting them from environmental stressors. Therefore, hatching from the capsule presents a significant physiological challenge as it involves a rapid transition from a hypoxic environment with limited locomotion to a normoxic environment in which active swimming and planktotrophic feeding impose high metabolic demands. The ability of larvae to cope with the new environmental conditions reflects their energetic capacity, which is a proxy for larval activity. This study evaluated the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the oxidative damage/antioxidant response of encapsulated and free-swimming larvae of the marine gastropod Crepipatella peruviana once they have hatched and become incorporated into the pelagic system. The results indicate that the transition of veliger larvae from an encapsulated environment to the water column generates a strong increase in OCR, reflecting the new metabolic demands of swimming, respiration, and larval feeding processes. Despite the increase in OCR levels during the excapsulated larval phase, the pelagic veliger larvae of C. peruviana significantly reduce levels of lipid peroxidation, which may be associated with a high antioxidant capacity. This capacity is maintained during both the encapsulated and excapsulated phases of development. This supports the possibility that C. peruviana larvae exhibit oxidative stress preparation behaviour (POS), since intracapsular hypoxic conditions may induce antioxidant synthesis as an anticipatory mechanism to cope with the elevated oxygen levels the larvae will encounter when they enter pelagic life after hatching. This strategy may confer an adaptive advantage during the transition to a metabolically demanding environment with elevated oxygen levels, highlighting the critical role of encapsulation in larval physiological programming.

许多海洋腹足动物表现出所谓的“混合发育”，早期阶段保留在母亲或保护性卵囊中，后期是自由生活的。在这种混合发育的软体动物中，包封和亲代照料通过保护它们免受环境压力而提高胚胎的生存能力。因此，从胶囊中孵化是一项重大的生理挑战，因为它涉及从低氧环境和有限运动到常氧环境的快速过渡，在常氧环境中，活跃的游泳和浮游营养摄食施加了高代谢需求。幼虫对新环境条件的适应能力反映了其能量容量，是幼虫活动的一个指标。本研究评估了海洋腹足类Crepipatella peruviana被包裹和自由游动的幼虫在孵化并融入远洋系统后的氧消耗率（OCR）和氧化损伤/抗氧化反应。结果表明，浮蝇幼虫从封闭环境过渡到水柱时，OCR显著增加，反映了游动、呼吸和幼虫摄食过程的新代谢需求。尽管在脱壳幼虫期OCR水平升高，但远洋紫斑c.p uviana幼虫显著降低了脂质过氧化水平，这可能与高抗氧化能力有关。这种能力在封装和封装开发阶段都保持不变。这支持了秘鲁紫虾幼虫表现出氧化应激准备行为（POS）的可能性，因为囊内缺氧条件可能诱导抗氧化剂合成，作为一种预期机制，以应对幼虫孵化后进入远洋生活时将遇到的高氧水平。在向高氧代谢环境过渡的过程中，这种策略可能赋予了适应性优势，突出了包封在幼虫生理编程中的关键作用。

{"title":"Metabolic adjustments and oxidative constraints: transition from intracapsular confinement to pelagic larval life in the marine gastropod Crepipatella peruviana","authors":"F.J. Paredes-Molina , M.E. Manzano , S. Zabala , E.N. Sabja-Llanos , H.N. Jaramillo , E.C.G. Couto , V.M. Cubillos , O.R. Chaparro","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many marine gastropods show what is called “mixed development,” in which early stages are retained in the mother or in protective egg capsules and later stages are free-living. In molluscs with such mixed development, encapsulation and physical parental care increase embryo viability by protecting them from environmental stressors. Therefore, hatching from the capsule presents a significant physiological challenge as it involves a rapid transition from a hypoxic environment with limited locomotion to a normoxic environment in which active swimming and planktotrophic feeding impose high metabolic demands. The ability of larvae to cope with the new environmental conditions reflects their energetic capacity, which is a proxy for larval activity. This study evaluated the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the oxidative damage/antioxidant response of encapsulated and free-swimming larvae of the marine gastropod <em>Crepipatella peruviana</em> once they have hatched and become incorporated into the pelagic system. The results indicate that the transition of veliger larvae from an encapsulated environment to the water column generates a strong increase in OCR, reflecting the new metabolic demands of swimming, respiration, and larval feeding processes. Despite the increase in OCR levels during the excapsulated larval phase, the pelagic veliger larvae of <em>C</em>. <em>peruviana</em> significantly reduce levels of lipid peroxidation, which may be associated with a high antioxidant capacity. This capacity is maintained during both the encapsulated and excapsulated phases of development. This supports the possibility that <em>C. peruviana</em> larvae exhibit oxidative stress preparation behaviour (POS), since intracapsular hypoxic conditions may induce antioxidant synthesis as an anticipatory mechanism to cope with the elevated oxygen levels the larvae will encounter when they enter pelagic life after hatching. This strategy may confer an adaptive advantage during the transition to a metabolically demanding environment with elevated oxygen levels, highlighting the critical role of encapsulation in larval physiological programming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145819904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sperm whale acoustic ecology around two sub-Antarctic islands 两个亚南极岛屿周围抹香鲸的声学生态

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107805

Fannie W. Shabangu

Sperm whales are cosmopolitan in nature, but very little is known about their occurrence in the sub-Antarctic region. This study aimed to investigate the acoustic occurrence of sperm whales relative to environmental conditions and underwater noise around two sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands (PEIs) using passive acoustic monitoring data collected between early 2021 and early 2023. Sperm whale clicks were detected continuously throughout the study period with high presence of calls in February through August, highlighting the PEIs as an essential habitat with sufficient year-round prey for this species. Moreover, the February through August peak occurrence corresponds to the migration period of males from Antarctica to the low latitudes for mating. Diel vocalizing pattern revealed high nighttime vocalization that varied slightly between seasons. Wind speed was classified by the random forest model as the most important predictor of sperm whale acoustic occurrence, indicating possible masking and attenuation of whale signals by wind-induced noise and wind-induced air bubbles respectively. Generalized additive model showed that the probability of detecting sperm whale clicks decreased with increasing high frequency band (25001–48000 Hz) noise, reflecting a significant influence of the high frequency noise on this species’ ecology. This is the first study to document the acoustic presence of sperm whales around the sub-Antarctic PEIs, showcasing the capability of bioacoustics method to effectively study marine mammals that are rarely sighted. Sperm whales should be considered in the spatial management and conservation plans of the PEIs given their year-round presence in this region.

抹香鲸在自然界中是世界性的，但人们对它们在亚南极地区的分布知之甚少。本研究旨在利用2021年初至2023年初收集的被动声学监测数据，调查抹香鲸在两个亚南极爱德华王子群岛（pei）周围的环境条件和水下噪音下的声学发生情况。在整个研究期间，抹香鲸的咔哒声不断被检测到，在2月到8月期间，抹香鲸的叫声很高，这表明pei是一个重要的栖息地，全年都有足够的猎物。2 - 8月是雄性从南极迁徙到低纬度地区求偶的高峰期。Diel的发声模式显示夜间的发声在季节之间略有不同。随机森林模型将风速分类为抹香鲸声音发生的最重要预测因子，风速分别表明风致噪声和风致气泡对鲸鱼信号的可能掩蔽和衰减。广义加性模型表明，随着高频噪声（25001 ~ 48000 Hz）的增加，探测到抹香鲸咔哒声的概率降低，反映了高频噪声对该物种生态的显著影响。这是第一个记录抹香鲸在亚南极pei周围声音存在的研究，展示了生物声学方法有效研究罕见海洋哺乳动物的能力。抹香鲸常年生活在该地区，因此在保护区的空间管理和保护计划中应考虑到抹香鲸的存在。

{"title":"Sperm whale acoustic ecology around two sub-Antarctic islands","authors":"Fannie W. Shabangu","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sperm whales are cosmopolitan in nature, but very little is known about their occurrence in the sub-Antarctic region. This study aimed to investigate the acoustic occurrence of sperm whales relative to environmental conditions and underwater noise around two sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands (PEIs) using passive acoustic monitoring data collected between early 2021 and early 2023. Sperm whale clicks were detected continuously throughout the study period with high presence of calls in February through August, highlighting the PEIs as an essential habitat with sufficient year-round prey for this species. Moreover, the February through August peak occurrence corresponds to the migration period of males from Antarctica to the low latitudes for mating. Diel vocalizing pattern revealed high nighttime vocalization that varied slightly between seasons. Wind speed was classified by the random forest model as the most important predictor of sperm whale acoustic occurrence, indicating possible masking and attenuation of whale signals by wind-induced noise and wind-induced air bubbles respectively. Generalized additive model showed that the probability of detecting sperm whale clicks decreased with increasing high frequency band (25001–48000 Hz) noise, reflecting a significant influence of the high frequency noise on this species’ ecology. This is the first study to document the acoustic presence of sperm whales around the sub-Antarctic PEIs, showcasing the capability of bioacoustics method to effectively study marine mammals that are rarely sighted. Sperm whales should be considered in the spatial management and conservation plans of the PEIs given their year-round presence in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107805"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut microbiome succession and cultivation-based functional screening during intestinal regeneration in Stichopus monotuberculatus 单结核Stichopus monotuberculatus肠道再生过程中肠道微生物群的演替和基于培养的功能筛选

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107806

Xinyuan Yang , Rong Cao , Chenghao Jia , Fei Gao , Qiang Xu

Stress-induced evisceration impairs sea cucumber survival and growth, affecting both their ecological roles and sustainable production in marine environments. Given the critical role of gut microbiome in maintaining host health, microbiome modulation emerges as a novel strategy to improve post-evisceration recovery. This study investigated the gut microbiome during intestinal regeneration in the tropical sea cucumber Stichopus monotuberculatus by combining 16S rRNA gene sequencing with culture-dependent isolation. We (i) tracked microbial community succession, and (ii) established a collection of indigenous gut isolates with digestive enzyme activities. The results demonstrated distinct gut microbial communities across regeneration stages, reflecting the combined influence of deterministic host selection and stochastic colonization. Dominant genera Delftia and Ruegeria aligned with taxa prevalent in native coral reef environments. These genera were nearly eradicated after evisceration but rebounded to baseline levels by late regeneration, suggesting host-selected retention of taxa with potential functional importance. Cultivation efforts under varied media and oxygen conditions yielded 163 bacterial isolates (78 species, four putatively novel), substantially expanding the known cultivable diversity of the holothurian gut microbiome. Enzymatic screening identified several multienzyme-producing isolates, including Priestia megaterium, Bacillus stratosphericus and Lysinibacillus fusiformis. These isolates exhibited amylase, lipase, and cellulase activities, supporting their potential as targeted digestive probiotics. Our integrated approach deciphers gut microbiome dynamics during regeneration, providing ecological insights into host-microbe-environment interactions and microbial resources for sustainable management of sea cucumber populations.

胁迫诱发的内脏摘取损害了海参的生存和生长，影响了海参在海洋环境中的生态作用和可持续生产。鉴于肠道微生物组在维持宿主健康方面的关键作用，微生物组调节成为改善内脏切除后恢复的一种新策略。本研究采用16S rRNA基因测序和培养依赖分离相结合的方法，对热带海参单结核Stichopus monotuberculatus肠道再生过程中的肠道微生物群进行了研究。我们(i)追踪了微生物群落演替，（ii）建立了具有消化酶活性的本土肠道分离物集合。结果表明，不同再生阶段的肠道微生物群落不同，反映了确定性宿主选择和随机定植的综合影响。优势属Delftia和Ruegeria与原生珊瑚礁环境中普遍存在的分类群一致。这些属在去内脏后几乎被根除，但在再生后期又恢复到基线水平，这表明寄主选择的分类群保留具有潜在的功能重要性。在不同的培养基和氧气条件下的培养工作产生了163种细菌分离物（78种，其中4种推定为新的），大大扩大了已知的可培养的海螺肠道微生物群的多样性。酶促筛选鉴定出几种产生多酶的分离株，包括巨芽孢杆菌、平流层芽孢杆菌和梭状芽孢杆菌。这些分离物表现出淀粉酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶的活性，支持它们作为目标消化益生菌的潜力。我们的综合方法破译了再生过程中肠道微生物组的动态，为海参种群的可持续管理提供了宿主-微生物-环境相互作用和微生物资源的生态学见解。

{"title":"Gut microbiome succession and cultivation-based functional screening during intestinal regeneration in Stichopus monotuberculatus","authors":"Xinyuan Yang , Rong Cao , Chenghao Jia , Fei Gao , Qiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress-induced evisceration impairs sea cucumber survival and growth, affecting both their ecological roles and sustainable production in marine environments. Given the critical role of gut microbiome in maintaining host health, microbiome modulation emerges as a novel strategy to improve post-evisceration recovery. This study investigated the gut microbiome during intestinal regeneration in the tropical sea cucumber <em>Stichopus monotuberculatus</em> by combining 16S rRNA gene sequencing with culture-dependent isolation. We (i) tracked microbial community succession, and (ii) established a collection of indigenous gut isolates with digestive enzyme activities. The results demonstrated distinct gut microbial communities across regeneration stages, reflecting the combined influence of deterministic host selection and stochastic colonization. Dominant genera <em>Delftia</em> and <em>Ruegeria</em> aligned with taxa prevalent in native coral reef environments. These genera were nearly eradicated after evisceration but rebounded to baseline levels by late regeneration, suggesting host-selected retention of taxa with potential functional importance. Cultivation efforts under varied media and oxygen conditions yielded 163 bacterial isolates (78 species, four putatively novel), substantially expanding the known cultivable diversity of the holothurian gut microbiome. Enzymatic screening identified several multienzyme-producing isolates, including <em>Priestia megaterium</em>, <em>Bacillus stratosphericus</em> and <em>Lysinibacillus fusiformis</em>. These isolates exhibited amylase, lipase, and cellulase activities, supporting their potential as targeted digestive probiotics. Our integrated approach deciphers gut microbiome dynamics during regeneration, providing ecological insights into host-microbe-environment interactions and microbial resources for sustainable management of sea cucumber populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18204,"journal":{"name":"Marine environmental research","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 107806"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0