Marine environmental research最新文献_第10页

The depth code: Deconstructing the molecular architecture of marine protists in a tropical marginal sea 深度代码：解构热带边缘海海洋原生生物的分子结构。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107820

Laxman Pujari , Sujata Nilajkar , Min Wang , Jun Sun

The Bay of Bengal (BoB) is one of the most stratified and dynamic marginal seas, influenced by monsoonal forcing, riverine freshwater input, and complex hydrography. While the region's physicochemical variability is well studied, the diversity and depth-related structure of marine protist communities remain underexplored, especially in offshore and subsurface waters. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing of the 18S rRNA V4 region to investigate marine protist diversity across three depths: surface (30m and 75m), mid (100m and 150m), and bottom (300m) at stations spanning northern and southern BoB. Multivariate analyses (RDA and NMDS) revealed distinct vertical community structuring driven by key environmental variables such as temperature, Chl-a, nitrate, salinity, and silicate. Surface communities were dominated by Pelagomonas, Ostreococcus, Bathycoccus, and Chloropicon, associated with warm, high-chlorophyll, oligotrophic surface waters. Mid-depth layers were characterized by a more heterogeneous assemblage, including Cafeteria, Cladococcus, and Caecitellus, indicative of microbial loop activity and particle-associated niches. Bottom depths showed a shift toward functionally distinct taxa such as Chromidina, Icthyodinium, and Auloscena, associated with silicate-rich, low-oxygen, and detritus-rich environments. Network analyses revealed a decrease in co-occurrence complexity with depth but an increase in modularity, reflecting environmental filtering and niche specialization. This study presents one of the first comprehensive vertical profiles of marine protists in the offshore BoB and underscores the importance of integrating molecular and ecological analyses to understand microbial diversity and biogeochemical functioning in tropical stratified oceans.

孟加拉湾（BoB）受季风强迫、河流淡水输入和复杂水文的影响，是最具分层和动态的边缘海之一。虽然该地区的物理化学变化已经得到了很好的研究，但海洋原生生物群落的多样性和与深度相关的结构仍未得到充分研究，特别是在近海和地下水域。本研究利用18S rRNA V4区域的高通量测序技术，研究了BoB南北站海洋原生生物在表层（30m和75m）、中层（100m和150m）和底层（300m）三个深度的多样性。多变量分析（RDA和NMDS）揭示了温度、Chl-a、硝酸盐、盐度和硅酸盐等关键环境变量对垂直群落结构的影响。表层生物群落以Pelagomonas、Ostreococcus、Bathycoccus和Chloropicon为主，与温暖、高叶绿素、少营养的地表水有关。中深度层的特征是更异构的组合，包括自助餐厅，枝球菌和Caecitellus，表明微生物环活性和颗粒相关的生态位。底部深度显示出向功能不同的分类群（如Chromidina、icthydinium和Auloscena）的转变，这些分类群与富含硅酸盐、低氧和富含碎屑的环境有关。网络分析显示，共现复杂性随深度的增加而降低，但模块化增加，反映了环境过滤和生态位专业化。本研究首次提出了近海海洋原生生物的综合垂直剖面，强调了将分子和生态分析结合起来理解热带分层海洋中微生物多样性和生物地球化学功能的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of plant litter burial on soil dissolved organic matter in the Yellow River Delta wetland, China 植物凋落物掩埋对黄河三角洲湿地土壤溶解有机质的影响

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107839

Linping Xie , Yutong Yan , Min Wang , Guangang Hu , Xia Sun , Jianbu Wang , Ming Xin , Qinsheng Wei , Baodong Wang

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from plant litter frequently regulates the generation and migration of carbon in coastal wetlands and its transport to adjacent waters. To understand the role of salt marsh in regulating organic carbon cycling in coastal wetlands, laboratory incubation was conducted on litter from one woody plant (Tamarix chinensis) and two herbaceous plants (Phragmites australis, Suaeda salsa) from the Yellow River Delta wetland. The net increment of dissolved organic carbon (ΔDOC) and the net total fluorescence intensity (ΔFt) in soil DOM rapidly peaked within 1 week after burial of the plant litter, and then quickly decreased to much lower values and fluctuated with a slightly increasing trend. A large percentage of tryptophan-like proteins in soil DOM were detected in the early stage of incubation, whereas a high percentage of humic-acid-like organics was observed after litter decomposition for 3 months. Leaf litter of T. chinensis with the higher initial quality (e.g., low carbon/nitrogen (N), cellulose/N, and lignin/N ratios), released the maximum amount of DOM, suggesting that woody plant leaf litter has greater potential for releasing organic matter than herbaceous plant litter. This study highlights the significant impacts of salt marsh plant litter decomposition on soil DOM characteristics and its potential contribution to coastal ecosystem.

来自植物凋落物的溶解有机质（DOM）经常调节滨海湿地碳的产生和迁移及其向邻近水域的运输。为了解盐沼对滨海湿地有机碳循环的调节作用，以黄河三角洲湿地1株木本植物柽柳（Tamarix chinensis）和2株草本植物芦苇（Phragmites australis）、沙豆叶（Suaeda salsa）凋落物为研究对象，进行了室内培养。土壤DOM中溶解有机碳净增量（ΔDOC）和净总荧光强度（ΔFt）在凋落物掩埋后1周内迅速达到峰值，随后迅速下降至较低水平，并呈小幅上升趋势波动。培养初期土壤DOM中色氨酸样蛋白含量较高，凋落物分解3个月后土壤DOM中腐植酸样有机物含量较高。初始质量较高（低碳氮比、低纤维素氮比、低木质素氮比）的柽柳凋落叶释放的DOM量最大，说明木本植物凋落叶释放有机质的潜力大于草本植物凋落叶。本研究强调了盐沼植物凋落物分解对土壤DOM特征的显著影响及其对沿海生态系统的潜在贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Coupling between environmental drivers and microbial networks in shaping marine plankton dynamics 形成海洋浮游生物动态的环境驱动因素和微生物网络之间的耦合

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107816

Hyun Soo Choi , Sang Uk Kang , Na Yun Park , Seong-Jun Chun , An Suk Lim

Marine plankton are ecologically crucial, as they contribute to biogeochemical cycles and food web structure. This study investigated the structure and dynamics of marine plankton communities in relation to local environmental conditions and seasonal changes over 2 years in the coastal regions of Busan, Jinhae, and Masan in South Korea. The results revealed significant variations in the plankton community composition between Jinhae/Masan and Busan, driven by freshwater inputs, temperature fluctuations, and salinity changes. Dinoflagellates predominated the plankton communities of Jinhae and Masan, whereas high abundances of diatoms, cyanobacteria, and cryptophytes were found in Busan. In addition, seasonal dynamics were observed in microbial abundances, with cyanobacteria and diatoms predominating during summer when water temperatures were elevated, and two distinct blooms occurring in winter. The plankton community correlated with environmental variables and organisms, resulting in either co-clustering or niche segregation. Additionally, bacterioplankton and phytoplankton formed complex networks with each other. Our findings emphasize the interplay between abiotic and biotic factors in shaping plankton community structures and underscore the need for comprehensive studies integrating environmental monitoring with analyses of interspecies interactions. This research enhances our understanding of the dynamic changes in marine plankton communities and provides a valuable basis for future marine ecosystem management.

海洋浮游生物对生态至关重要，因为它们有助于生物地球化学循环和食物网结构。本文研究了韩国釜山、镇海和马山沿海地区浮游生物群落的结构和动态与当地环境条件和季节变化的关系。结果表明，在淡水输入、温度波动和盐度变化的驱动下，镇海/马山和釜山之间浮游生物群落组成存在显著差异。在镇海和马山浮游生物群落以鞭毛藻为主，而在釜山则发现了大量的硅藻、蓝藻和隐藻。此外，在微生物丰度上观察到季节性动态，蓝藻和硅藻在夏季水温升高时占主导地位，冬季出现两次明显的水华。浮游生物群落与环境变量和生物相关，导致共聚或生态位分离。此外，浮游细菌和浮游植物彼此之间形成了复杂的网络。我们的研究结果强调了非生物和生物因素在形成浮游生物群落结构中的相互作用，并强调了将环境监测与种间相互作用分析相结合的综合研究的必要性。本研究增强了我们对海洋浮游生物群落动态变化的认识，为今后海洋生态系统的管理提供了有价值的依据。

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引用次数: 0

The rolling stones' legacy: Rhodoliths retain their habitat function after algal death 滚石乐队的遗产：在藻类死亡后，Rhodoliths保留了它们的栖息地功能。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107809

Fernanda C. de Oliveira-Carlos , Pedro Augusto dos Santos Longo , Jorge L. Gutiérrez , Cinthya Simone Gomes Santos , Andre R. Senna , Guilherme H. Pereira-Filho

Rhodoliths - unattached calcareous nodules formed by coralline red algae - can persist on the seafloor long after algal death, creating structural legacies that shape benthic communities. To test whether dead rhodoliths differ from living ones in their habitat function for macroinvertebrates, we conducted a 35-day recolonization experiment using living rhodoliths cleared of macroinvertebrates (“living” treatment), rhodoliths experimentally killed and cleared by boiling (“dead” treatment), and unmanipulated living rhodoliths as controls. Across treatments, 122 macroinvertebrate taxa were recorded. Overall density, richness, and diversity did not differ significantly among treatments. Assemblages in living and dead rhodoliths were statistically indistinguishable, while both differed slightly from controls, although such differences accounted for less than 9 % of total variation. Taxon-specific contrasts contributed little to dissimilarities, with no single species explaining more than 3 % of variation. These findings indicate that the calcareous structure of rhodoliths provides a lasting habitat function, sustaining macroinvertebrate communities even after algal death. Recognition of the ecological role of dead rhodoliths emphasizes that rhodolith beds should not be considered “dead systems,” even when dominated by non-living nodules. Their likely centennial - to millennial - scale persistence highlights their long-term contributions to habitat complexity and biodiversity support, while also underscoring their vulnerability to destructive human activities such as trawling and seabed mining.

红石——由珊瑚红藻形成的独立的钙质结节——可以在藻类死亡后很长时间留在海底，形成形成底栖生物群落的结构遗产。为了测试大型无脊椎动物的死红石与活红石的栖息地功能是否不同，我们进行了一项为期35天的再定殖实验，使用清除大型无脊椎动物的活红石（“活”处理）、实验杀死并通过煮沸清除的红石（“死”处理）和未处理的活红石作为对照。在不同处理下，共记录到122个大型无脊椎动物类群。总体密度、丰富度和多样性在处理间无显著差异。活的和死的牙石中的组合在统计上是无法区分的，虽然两者都与对照组略有不同，但这种差异占总变异的不到9%。分类群特异性对比对差异贡献不大，没有一个物种解释超过3%的变异。这些发现表明，rhodoliths的钙质结构提供了持久的栖息地功能，即使在藻类死亡后也能维持大型无脊椎动物群落。认识到死红石的生态作用，强调红石床不应该被认为是“死亡系统”，即使是非活结节占主导地位。它们可能在百年至千年的尺度上持续存在，这突出了它们对栖息地复杂性和生物多样性支持的长期贡献，同时也突出了它们对拖网捕捞和海底采矿等破坏性人类活动的脆弱性。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic processes and their impact on eutrophication in two distinct types of bays near the Beibu Gulf coast: insight from dual water isotopes 北部湾沿岸两种不同类型海湾的水动力过程及其对富营养化的影响：来自双水同位素的见解

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107840

Junhui Wu , Ruixue Cao , Qibin Lao , Guangzhe Jin , Xuan Lu , Chunqing Chen , Fajin Chen , Shuwen Zhang

Quantitative understanding of hydrodynamic processes and nutrient supply in different types of small bays remains limited. By combining water isotopes, hydrological parameters, and nutrient analysis, our findings revealed that Qinzhou Bay (a bay with multiple riverine inputs) is significantly influenced by coastal diluted water (49 %), while Tieshangang Bay (a bay without riverine input) is mainly influenced by high-salinity seawater outside the bay (61 %) during the early rainy season. However, despite these differences, Tieshangang Bay receives a greater proportion of nutrient supply from diluted water (69–95 %) compared to Qinzhou Bay (58–87 %). This disparity is related with the higher seawater intrusion into the Tieshangang Bay, which creates an internal salinity front that inhibits nutrient diffusion outside the bay. The barrier effect of the front hinders the expansion of terrestrial nutrients out of the bay, and accumulates in the bay, exacerbating the seawater eutrophication in the inner Tieshangang bay. This results in a significantly higher degree of eutrophication in Tieshangang Bay compared to Qinzhou Bay. Our study provides valuable insights into the hydrodynamic processes and their impact on eutrophication in different types of bays, emphasizing the importance of the existence of rivers for nutrient transport in small bays.

对不同类型的小海湾的水动力过程和营养供应的定量理解仍然有限。结合水体同位素、水文参数和养分分析，发现钦州湾（多河流输入的海湾）在雨季早期主要受沿海稀释水的影响（49%），而铁山岗湾（无河流输入的海湾）主要受海湾外高盐度海水的影响（61%）。然而，尽管存在这些差异，铁山岗湾从稀释水中获得的营养供应比例（69 - 95%）比钦州湾（58 - 87%）更高。这种差异与铁山岗湾较高的海水入侵有关，这在内部形成了一个盐度锋，抑制了海湾外的营养物质扩散。前缘的屏障作用阻碍了陆源营养物向海湾外扩展，并在海湾内积聚，加剧了铁山岗湾内海水富营养化。这导致铁山岗湾的富营养化程度明显高于钦州湾。我们的研究为不同类型海湾的水动力过程及其对富营养化的影响提供了有价值的见解，强调了河流存在对小海湾营养物质运输的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal buffering by intertidal oyster reefs on mudflats in the European Wadden Sea 欧洲瓦登海泥滩潮间带牡蛎礁的热缓冲作用

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.107834

E. Rosa Jolma , Sonja M. van Leeuwen , David W. Thieltges

The increase in heatwave frequency and severity due to climate change can threaten intertidal organisms that already experience large temperature fluctuations. Habitat-forming species can mitigate temperature extremes by creating protective microhabitats. While Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) are known to provide thermal refuge on tropical rocky shores, their influence on temperate intertidal mudflat systems has not been investigated before. We examined the thermal environment within oyster reefs in the European Wadden Sea by recording temperatures in two microhabitat types (crevices between oysters and oyster-formed tidal pools) and comparing them to adjacent mudflats. Temperatures were measured over one year using biomimetic loggers that replicate the thermal properties of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), a key co-inhabitant of oyster reefs. Crevices between oysters provided cooler microhabitats particularly in summer when mean temperatures were 0.2–0.4 ± 0.02–0.05 °C lower and daily minimum temperatures were 1.0 ± 0.43 °C lower than on surrounding mudflats, while cumulative heat exposure was only moderately lower and day maximum temperatures were lower than mudflat values only at one of two sites. In contrast, tidal pools had higher day maximum temperatures than the surrounding mudflat across the year. These results demonstrate that oysters can provide localized thermal buffering in temperate mudflat systems, especially through reduced mean temperatures in crevices. However, the effect is less pronounced than in tropical rocky environments. Our findings highlight the context-dependent role of ecosystem engineers in modifying thermal landscapes, with potential implications for species persistence under climate change.

气候变化导致的热浪频率和严重程度的增加可能会威胁到已经经历了巨大温度波动的潮间带生物。栖息地形成物种可以通过创造保护性微栖息地来缓解极端温度。虽然太平洋牡蛎（Magallana gigas）被认为是热带岩石海岸的热避难所，但它们对温带潮间带泥滩系统的影响之前还没有被研究过。我们通过记录两种微栖息地类型（牡蛎和牡蛎形成的潮汐池之间的缝隙）的温度，并将它们与邻近的泥滩进行比较，研究了欧洲瓦登海牡蛎礁内的热环境。在一年的时间里，使用仿生学记录器测量温度，这些记录器复制了蓝贻贝（Mytilus edulis）的热特性，蓝贻贝是牡蛎礁的主要共同居民。牡蛎之间的缝隙提供了较凉爽的微生境，特别是在夏季，平均气温比周围泥滩低0.2-0.4±0.02-0.05°C，日最低气温比周围泥滩低1.0±0.43°C，而累积热量暴露仅略低，日最高温度仅在两个地点中的一个低于泥滩值。相比之下，潮汐池全年的最高气温高于周围的泥滩。这些结果表明，牡蛎可以在温带泥滩系统中提供局部的热缓冲，特别是通过降低裂缝的平均温度。然而，这种影响没有在热带岩石环境中那么明显。我们的研究结果强调了生态系统工程师在改变热景观方面的环境依赖作用，这对气候变化下物种的持久性具有潜在的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Sources of organic carbon and environmental response characteristics in the mangrove region of Trat Province, Thailand, over the past 1,019 years” [Mar. Environ. Res. 213 (2026) 107628] “过去1019年泰国叻府红树林地区有机碳来源和环境响应特征”的勘误表[3 . Environ.]。Res. 213(2026) 107628]。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107772

Yuanqin Xu , Ping Li , Jie Liu , Wei Gao , Wenjie Yu , Yao Zhang , Somkiat Khokiattiwong , Narumol Kornkanitnan

引用次数: 0

Driving mechanisms of distinct seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in a low-latitude basin revealed by multi-platform observations 多平台观测揭示的低纬度盆地不同季节浮游植物动态驱动机制

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107785

Weinan Li , Edward A. Laws , Luping Song , Yichong Wang , Zengchao Xu , Chao Xu , Yibin Huang , Feipeng Xu , Lizhen Lin , Wupeng Xiao , Xin Liu , Haili Wang , Bangqin Huang

Phytoplankton forms the foundation of marine food webs, and their seasonal dynamics shape ocean ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling. In low-latitude basins such as the South China Sea (SCS), these dynamics have traditionally been regarded as stable and primarily controlled by warm-cold seasonal oscillations, often evaluated using single metrics such as chlorophyll-a concentration. However, this paradigm fails to capture the significant regional heterogeneity within a single basin and the complex, sometimes contradictory, responses of different phytoplankton community parameters. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of a 20-year multi-platform dataset (remote sensing, ship-based, and Biogeochemical-Argo) to reveal how regional physical processes drive the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton chlorophyll-a, community composition, and primary production in the basin of SCS. In the northern basin, winter monsoon coupling with strong Kuroshio intrusion elevated surface chlorophyll-a by 200 % compared to summer, yet contributed only 31.2 % to the annual primary production, revealing a significant decoupling driven by light limitation and low-temperature suppression of photosynthesis. In the southwestern basin, summer upwelling stimulated diatom blooms and sustained primary production comparable to its winter levels. Niche models confirmed that regional physical processes (Kuroshio intrusion vs. upwelling) select for distinct phytoplankton assemblages within the basin. We conclude that regional physical forcing, rather than basin-wide monsoon seasonality alone, is the primary driver of phytoplankton dynamics and carbon cycling in this low-latitude basin, supplementing the traditional seasonal oscillation paradigm for such systems.

浮游植物是海洋食物网的基础，它们的季节动态影响着海洋生态系统的功能和碳循环。在像南中国海（SCS）这样的低纬度盆地，这些动态传统上被认为是稳定的，主要由冷暖季节振荡控制，通常使用叶绿素-a浓度等单一指标进行评估。然而，这种模式未能捕捉到单个流域内显著的区域异质性，以及不同浮游植物群落参数的复杂，有时甚至是相互矛盾的响应。为了解决这个问题，我们对20年多平台数据集（遥感、船舶和生物地球化学- argo）进行了全面分析，以揭示区域物理过程如何驱动南海盆地浮游植物叶绿素-a的季节性动态、群落组成和初级生产。在盆地北部，冬季季风与强烈黑潮的耦合作用使地表叶绿素-a比夏季提高了200%，但对年初级产量的贡献仅为31.2%，这表明在光照限制和低温抑制光合作用的驱动下存在明显的耦合作用。在西南盆地，夏季上升流刺激了硅藻华，维持了与冬季相当的初级产量。生态位模型证实，区域物理过程（黑潮入侵vs上升流）选择了盆地内不同的浮游植物组合。我们得出的结论是，区域物理强迫，而不仅仅是整个盆地的季风季节性，是该低纬度盆地浮游植物动力学和碳循环的主要驱动因素，补充了此类系统的传统季节振荡范式。

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引用次数: 0

Significant spatial shifting of the eukaryotic plankton community in a small-scale fish-killing harmful algal bloom of Prorocentrum and Karenia near Huangqi Peninsula, Lianjiang, Fujian, China 福建连江黄岐半岛附近原心藻和卡列尼亚藻小规模致鱼有害藻华真核浮游生物群落的显著空间迁移

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107819

Xiaodong Li , Long Chen , Yang Liu , Fanzhou Kong , Ziyang Wang , Kunlei Ren , Jing Li , Ming Yang , Shiyong Wang , Weini Zhang , Tian Yan , Zhenjun Kang , Xinhua Chen

A fish-killing harmful algal bloom (HAB) involving multiple causative genera (Prorocentrum and Karenia) occurred in late May 2024 in the coastal waters near Huangqi Peninsula, Lianjiang, Fujian, China. In this study, a field survey was conducted to collect seawater samples of different bloom phases, and the toxicity, pigment composition, toxin contamination, and eukaryotic plankton community were investigated. HAB-affected seawater exhibited significant lethality to the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and juvenile marine medaka Oryzias melastigma, and eukaryotic diversities were also significantly declined. Peridinin was detected as the main pigment in the HAB-affected area, which was consistent with the high relative abundance of dinoflagellata. Further species-level analysis suggested a significant shift from Prorocentrum dentatum-dominant at the peak phase site to Karenia mikimotoi-Karenia papilionacea-dominant at the early dissipation phase sites. Additionally, Dinophysis spp. were the primary cause of the pectenotoxin-2 contamination in this region. Environmental parameters showed weak correlations with the causative algae, while complex biological interactions were detected in this area. High relative abundances of the ciliate Tintinnopsis lobiancoi and the parasitic dinoflagellate Amoebophrya were detected in early dissipation phase sites, which significantly correlated with K. papilionacea and Karodinium spp., respectively. This pattern suggested that biological interactions, particularly top-down control, might play crucial roles in the HAB dissipation.

2024年5月下旬，福建连江黄旗半岛近岸海域发生了一起致鱼有害藻华（HAB），涉及多致病属（原心藻和卡氏藻）。本研究通过野外调查，采集了不同水华期的海水样品，对其毒性、色素组成、毒素污染和真核浮游生物群落进行了调查。受赤潮影响的海水对轮虫可塑性臂轮虫和海洋medaka Oryzias melastigma幼鱼具有显著的致病性，真核生物多样性也显著下降。在赤潮区检测到的色素主要为紫菀素，这与鞭毛藻相对丰度较高是一致的。进一步的物种水平分析表明，在耗散期早期，原齿状芽孢杆菌（Prorocentrum dentatum）为优势菌，而Karenia mikimotoi-Karenia papilionaceae为优势菌。此外，该地区果皮毒素-2污染的主要原因是Dinophysis sp .。环境参数与病原菌的相关性较弱，但存在复杂的生物相互作用。在耗散期前期，寄生性鞭毛虫阿米波菲亚（amoeophrya）和纤毛虫Tintinnopsis lobiancoi相对丰度较高，与K. papilionacea和Karodinium spp的相对丰度均显著相关。这种模式表明生物相互作用，特别是自上而下的控制，可能在有害藻华的消散中起关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing impacts of extreme climate and weather events on endangered pearl oysters Pinctada maxima 评估极端气候和天气事件对濒危珍珠贝的影响。

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107821

Yu He , Yang Xu , Hongyu Liang , Yong Liu , Yuewen Deng , Fortunatus Masanja , Liqiang Zhao

Extreme climate and weather events in the ocean, especially ocean acidification (OA) and marine heatwaves (MHWs), have strikingly accelerated in the past decades, yet their compound consequences remain poorly understood. The pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima), an endangered keystone species in Indo-Pacific reef ecosystems, is highly vulnerable to such events. Here, we assessed how OA-stressed P. maxima juveniles responded to MHWs (+3 °C), based on a total of 100 individuals exposed to two weeks. Oysters reared at pH 7.7 significantly increased activities of energy-metabolizing enzymes (T-ATP and NKA) in response to MHWs, whereas both enzymes significantly decreased, albeit CMA increased, at pH 7.4. MHWs significantly depressed antioxidant enzyme activities, such as SOD at both pH levels, resulting in elevated MDA levels indicative of lipid peroxidation. Contrasting responses of immune enzymes (ACP and AKP) to MHWs were seen in oysters grown under moderately and severely acidified conditions. MHWs, also, significantly depressed expression levels of key genes related to cellular metabolism (ATP1A, ATP1B, ND5, ATPeV1F and ATPeF1A) and those associated with antioxidant defence (SOD, SOD1, SOD2, Hsp70, Hsp90 and CAT), in particular when stressed at pH 7.4. Taken together, our findings suggest that intensifying MHWs can constrain the ability of P. maxima to cope with OA and likely accelerate further population decline in this era of unprecedented climate change.

海洋中的极端气候和天气事件，特别是海洋酸化（OA）和海洋热浪（MHWs），在过去几十年中显著加速，但人们对其复合后果仍知之甚少。珍珠牡蛎（Pinctada maxima）是印度太平洋珊瑚礁生态系统中濒临灭绝的关键物种，极易受到此类事件的影响。在这里，我们基于暴露于两周的总共100个个体，评估了oa应激的最大p.a幼鱼对高温（+3°C）的反应。pH值为7.7的牡蛎对MHWs的反应显著提高了能量代谢酶（T-ATP和NKA）的活性，而pH值为7.4的牡蛎的CMA升高，但这两种酶的活性均显著降低。MHWs在两种pH水平下显著抑制抗氧化酶活性，如SOD，导致MDA水平升高，表明脂质过氧化。在中等酸化和严重酸化条件下生长的牡蛎中，免疫酶（ACP和AKP）对MHWs的反应形成了对比。MHWs还显著降低了与细胞代谢相关的关键基因（ATP1A、ATP1B、ND5、ATPeV1F和ATPeF1A）和与抗氧化防御相关的基因（SOD、SOD1、SOD2、Hsp70、Hsp90和CAT）的表达水平，特别是在pH为7.4的应激条件下。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，在这个前所未有的气候变化时代，增强的mhw可能会限制p.a maxima应对OA的能力，并可能加速种群的进一步下降。

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