Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1607734
Calderón-Liévanos Samuel, Hernández-Saavedra Norma Yolanda, Lluch-Cota Salvador Emilio, Cruz-Hernández Pedro, Ascencio-Valle Felipe De Jesús, Sicard María Teresa
ABSTRACT The frequency and strength of extreme events are increasing due to climate change. These events have the potential to cause mass mortalities and recruitment failure in very short time scales. Here, we explored three relevant basic questions using green abalone: how the lethal levels of environmental variables (i.e. temperature, oxygen, and pH) change trough time, what the short-term synergistic effects of stressors are, and what the metabolic responses and recovery capacity are at this timescale. We observed that very short-term events are less likely to cause mass mortalities than events lasting for several days, that the relative importance of hyperthermia, hypoxia, and combined effects change through time, and that the respiration rate increased under hyperthermia and decreased under hypoxia and the combined effects, while hemocyanin concentration increased under hypoxia and decreased under hyperthermia and combined effects. Independently of the stressor, green abalone re-established their respiratory rate after the stress.
{"title":"Survival and respiration of green abalone (Haliotis fulgens) facing very short-term marine environmental extremes","authors":"Calderón-Liévanos Samuel, Hernández-Saavedra Norma Yolanda, Lluch-Cota Salvador Emilio, Cruz-Hernández Pedro, Ascencio-Valle Felipe De Jesús, Sicard María Teresa","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1607734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1607734","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The frequency and strength of extreme events are increasing due to climate change. These events have the potential to cause mass mortalities and recruitment failure in very short time scales. Here, we explored three relevant basic questions using green abalone: how the lethal levels of environmental variables (i.e. temperature, oxygen, and pH) change trough time, what the short-term synergistic effects of stressors are, and what the metabolic responses and recovery capacity are at this timescale. We observed that very short-term events are less likely to cause mass mortalities than events lasting for several days, that the relative importance of hyperthermia, hypoxia, and combined effects change through time, and that the respiration rate increased under hyperthermia and decreased under hypoxia and the combined effects, while hemocyanin concentration increased under hypoxia and decreased under hyperthermia and combined effects. Independently of the stressor, green abalone re-established their respiratory rate after the stress.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"197 2 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85606006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1629296
Nicholas R. Honeycutt, C. Pomory
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine: (1) salinity that maximizes arm regeneration in the starfish Luidia clathrata; and (2) if low food consumption or low salinity is the cause of the reduced rate of arm regeneration seen at low salinities.. An estimated salinity of 33 g kg−1 produced maximum regeneration of two arms in L. clathrata. This salinity is typically greater than that found in bays that are the usual habitat for the species. Equivalent food consumption by L. clathrata in salinities of 20 g kg−1 and 30 g kg−1 resulted in greater regeneration in salinity of 30 g kg−1, suggesting lower food consumption at low salinities is not the primary reason for lower regeneration. Higher food consumption compared to lower food consumption, both tested in salinity of 30 g kg−1, did not increase regeneration, but resulted in more storage of energy in the pyloric caeca.
摘要:本研究的目的是确定:(1)盐度能最大限度地促进海星(Luidia clathrata)手臂再生;(2)如果低食物消耗或低盐度是低盐度下手臂再生率降低的原因。估计盐度为33 g kg - 1时，水草的两臂再生量最大。这种盐度通常比海湾中发现的盐度要高，海湾是该物种通常的栖息地。盐浓度为20 g kg - 1和30 g kg - 1时，L. clathrata的食用量相等，在盐浓度为30 g kg - 1时，其再生能力更强，这表明低盐条件下的食用量较低并不是再生能力较低的主要原因。在盐度为30 g kg - 1的条件下，较高的食物消耗与较低的食物消耗相比，并没有增加再生，但导致幽门caeca中更多的能量储存。
{"title":"Effects of salinity and feeding on arm regeneration in the starfish Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (Echinodermata: Asteroidea)","authors":"Nicholas R. Honeycutt, C. Pomory","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1629296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1629296","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine: (1) salinity that maximizes arm regeneration in the starfish Luidia clathrata; and (2) if low food consumption or low salinity is the cause of the reduced rate of arm regeneration seen at low salinities.. An estimated salinity of 33 g kg−1 produced maximum regeneration of two arms in L. clathrata. This salinity is typically greater than that found in bays that are the usual habitat for the species. Equivalent food consumption by L. clathrata in salinities of 20 g kg−1 and 30 g kg−1 resulted in greater regeneration in salinity of 30 g kg−1, suggesting lower food consumption at low salinities is not the primary reason for lower regeneration. Higher food consumption compared to lower food consumption, both tested in salinity of 30 g kg−1, did not increase regeneration, but resulted in more storage of energy in the pyloric caeca.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"37 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81260825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-02DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1590120
M. Pegado, Catarina P. Santos, A. Couto, Eduarda Pinto, A. Lopes, M. Diniz, R. Rosa
ABSTRACT Sharks have been facing unprecedented pressure over the last decades, and ocean acidification may represent an additional threat, particularly during their most susceptible life stages. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of ocean acidification (control pCO2 ~ 400 μatm; high pCO2 ~ 900 μatm) on the growth, swimming performance and cholinergic system of juvenile white-spotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum). After 45 days of exposure, we observed that high CO2 did not affect most of the end-points studied. However, somatic growth rate and the percentage of time that sharks spent swimming was significantly reduced under high CO2 conditions. Moreover, AChE activity decreased in two of the seven brain macroareas analyzed, the telencephalon and optic lobes. As this near-threatened shark species showed small sub-lethal effects to high CO2 levels, we argue that within a longer time-frame they can potentially reduce individual performance with cascading consequences to shark population dynamics.
{"title":"Reduced impact of ocean acidification on growth and swimming performance of newly hatched tropical sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum)","authors":"M. Pegado, Catarina P. Santos, A. Couto, Eduarda Pinto, A. Lopes, M. Diniz, R. Rosa","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1590120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1590120","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sharks have been facing unprecedented pressure over the last decades, and ocean acidification may represent an additional threat, particularly during their most susceptible life stages. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of ocean acidification (control pCO2 ~ 400 μatm; high pCO2 ~ 900 μatm) on the growth, swimming performance and cholinergic system of juvenile white-spotted bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium plagiosum). After 45 days of exposure, we observed that high CO2 did not affect most of the end-points studied. However, somatic growth rate and the percentage of time that sharks spent swimming was significantly reduced under high CO2 conditions. Moreover, AChE activity decreased in two of the seven brain macroareas analyzed, the telencephalon and optic lobes. As this near-threatened shark species showed small sub-lethal effects to high CO2 levels, we argue that within a longer time-frame they can potentially reduce individual performance with cascading consequences to shark population dynamics.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"347 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90965640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-02DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1583540
Juan Manuel Vidal-López, W. Contreras-Sánchez, Aarón Torres‐Martínez, A. Hernández-Franyutti, M. Uribe
ABSTRACT This study describes for the first time the early gonadal morphogenesis and raises the possibility of occurrence of protandric hermaphroditism in the Mexican snook (Centropomus poeyi). To achieve this, histological analysis of early gonadal differentiation was performed in 105 juvenile specimens ranging from 136 to 367 days post-hatching (dph). The early gonadal differentiation of the Mexican snook started at 178–213 dph and was completed at 355–367 dph. Active spermatogenesis was observed at 355–367 dph, once the compartmentalization of testis in germinal and interstitial compartments was accomplished. Our study demonstrates that in the Mexican snook, early gonadal differentiation is directed to produce 100% males, implying protandric hermaphroditism and showed the presence of a long-lasting period of gonadal differentiation, which makes this species highly sensitive to environmental cues.
{"title":"Early gonadal differentiation in the Mexican snook Centropomus poeyi (Centropomidae, Perciformes, Teleostei) suggests protandric hermaphroditism","authors":"Juan Manuel Vidal-López, W. Contreras-Sánchez, Aarón Torres‐Martínez, A. Hernández-Franyutti, M. Uribe","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1583540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1583540","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study describes for the first time the early gonadal morphogenesis and raises the possibility of occurrence of protandric hermaphroditism in the Mexican snook (Centropomus poeyi). To achieve this, histological analysis of early gonadal differentiation was performed in 105 juvenile specimens ranging from 136 to 367 days post-hatching (dph). The early gonadal differentiation of the Mexican snook started at 178–213 dph and was completed at 355–367 dph. Active spermatogenesis was observed at 355–367 dph, once the compartmentalization of testis in germinal and interstitial compartments was accomplished. Our study demonstrates that in the Mexican snook, early gonadal differentiation is directed to produce 100% males, implying protandric hermaphroditism and showed the presence of a long-lasting period of gonadal differentiation, which makes this species highly sensitive to environmental cues.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"21 1","pages":"327 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80406116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-02DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1604069
Elisabet Gimeno, F. S. Beltran, R. Dolado, V. Quera
ABSTRACT Many fish schools are regarded as leaderless, where any individual can guide the direction of group motion at any given moment. We conditioned a fish school of black neon tetra (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) to find food in aparticular location, while another group swam freely with no particular goal. Groups were composed of similar individuals in terms of body size, task knowledge and hunger level. Our hypothesis was that leadership would be less stable when fish were conditioned than when they were not. Although stability tended to be greater in the conditioned group, the hypothesis was not confirmed, as both groups showed asimilar degree of leadership stability. Leadership was not entirely random and some individuals took the lead more often than others. Leaders tended to be at the front of the school and their tendency to lead was loosely related to higher swimming speeds, and not related to task knowledge.
{"title":"Leadership and collective motion in black neon tetra schools: does the task matter?","authors":"Elisabet Gimeno, F. S. Beltran, R. Dolado, V. Quera","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1604069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1604069","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many fish schools are regarded as leaderless, where any individual can guide the direction of group motion at any given moment. We conditioned a fish school of black neon tetra (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) to find food in aparticular location, while another group swam freely with no particular goal. Groups were composed of similar individuals in terms of body size, task knowledge and hunger level. Our hypothesis was that leadership would be less stable when fish were conditioned than when they were not. Although stability tended to be greater in the conditioned group, the hypothesis was not confirmed, as both groups showed asimilar degree of leadership stability. Leadership was not entirely random and some individuals took the lead more often than others. Leaders tended to be at the front of the school and their tendency to lead was loosely related to higher swimming speeds, and not related to task knowledge.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"359 - 373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82831786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-03DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1573638
Reza Farshadian, A. Salati, S. Keyvanshokooh, Hossein Pasha-Zanoosi
ABSTRACT One hundred and eight juvenile Acanthopagrus latus were transported from their natural habitat and kept in tanks (300 L) with 20 ppt salinity for 14 days. After 24h starvation, the fish were exposed to salinity of 34, 12, and 5 ppt; then, blood samples were taken after 0, 2, 24, and 48h after the exposure. Blood electrolytes did not show significant changes in response to variation in the environmental salinities. Cortisol and ALP increased (not significantly) in all groups after 2h (P<0.05) and returned to the basal value within 24 h. Glucose and lactate levels increased significantly in all experimental groups after 2h (P<0.05) and returned to the basal value within 48 and 24h, respectively. Triglyceride did not show any significant change during the trial. Our findings showed juvenile A. latus could acclimate to a range of salinities from 5% to 35% within 48h. Also, the metabolic changes were more related to the time of sampling than the salinity challenge, suggesting that adaption occurred during the time of the study.
{"title":"Physiological responses of Yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) to acute salinity challenge","authors":"Reza Farshadian, A. Salati, S. Keyvanshokooh, Hossein Pasha-Zanoosi","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1573638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1573638","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One hundred and eight juvenile Acanthopagrus latus were transported from their natural habitat and kept in tanks (300 L) with 20 ppt salinity for 14 days. After 24h starvation, the fish were exposed to salinity of 34, 12, and 5 ppt; then, blood samples were taken after 0, 2, 24, and 48h after the exposure. Blood electrolytes did not show significant changes in response to variation in the environmental salinities. Cortisol and ALP increased (not significantly) in all groups after 2h (P<0.05) and returned to the basal value within 24 h. Glucose and lactate levels increased significantly in all experimental groups after 2h (P<0.05) and returned to the basal value within 48 and 24h, respectively. Triglyceride did not show any significant change during the trial. Our findings showed juvenile A. latus could acclimate to a range of salinities from 5% to 35% within 48h. Also, the metabolic changes were more related to the time of sampling than the salinity challenge, suggesting that adaption occurred during the time of the study.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"101 1","pages":"313 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89927021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-03DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1561150
Jiangtao Li, Xiu-wen Xu, Wentao Li, Xiumei Zhang
ABSTRACT To characterize the locomotor behaviors and their relation with physiological regulation in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis, animals were held at approximately 6.0 (normoxia), 4.5, and 3.0 mg L-1 dissolved oxygen (DO) for 1 day (acute) and 15 days (chronic), after which the swimming and tail-flipping abilities, and the activities of key enzymes involved in anaerobic and aerobic metabolism in hepatopancreas and pleopod and abdominal muscles were determined. Results showed that hepatopancreas was preferentially powered compared with pleopod and abdominal muscles during hypoxia. Physiological differences in muscles resulted in locomotion differences. F. chinensis presented reduced reliance on anaerobic glycolysis to conserve energy during chronic hypoxia at 3.0 mg L-1 DO, but this physiological regulation reduce the survival of shrimp in the wild due to a reduction in tail-flipping. These findings suggested that when assessing the survival strategy of shrimp during hypoxia, both physiological regulation and behavioral changes should be considered.
{"title":"Effects of acute and chronic hypoxia on the locomotion and enzyme of energy metabolism in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis","authors":"Jiangtao Li, Xiu-wen Xu, Wentao Li, Xiumei Zhang","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2018.1561150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2018.1561150","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To characterize the locomotor behaviors and their relation with physiological regulation in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis, animals were held at approximately 6.0 (normoxia), 4.5, and 3.0 mg L-1 dissolved oxygen (DO) for 1 day (acute) and 15 days (chronic), after which the swimming and tail-flipping abilities, and the activities of key enzymes involved in anaerobic and aerobic metabolism in hepatopancreas and pleopod and abdominal muscles were determined. Results showed that hepatopancreas was preferentially powered compared with pleopod and abdominal muscles during hypoxia. Physiological differences in muscles resulted in locomotion differences. F. chinensis presented reduced reliance on anaerobic glycolysis to conserve energy during chronic hypoxia at 3.0 mg L-1 DO, but this physiological regulation reduce the survival of shrimp in the wild due to a reduction in tail-flipping. These findings suggested that when assessing the survival strategy of shrimp during hypoxia, both physiological regulation and behavioral changes should be considered.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"275 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88994917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-03DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1568193
Dimas Wahyu Meidivanto, A. Soegianto, N. Jannah, Faridlotul Ma’rifah, S. Hariyanto, T. W. C. Putranto, B. Irawan
ABSTRACT The effects of cadmium concentration (0, 2.5 and 5 mg L−1) on melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), melanophore index (MI), and melanophore number (MN), as well as a microscopic examination of scale melanocytes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1757) was evaluated at different salinity levels (0, 5 and 15 ppt). The levels of MSH, MI, and MN were lower in Cd-exposed fish than in control fish (not exposed to Cd) at salinity level of 0 and 5 ppt. In ppt, however these levels of MSH, MI and MN in control and Cd-exposed fish were not significantly different. In the media without Cd, the levels of MSH, MI and MN were not significantly different at all salinities. The morphological changes of melanophores were higher in Cd-exposed fish than in control fish at salinity 0 and 5 ppt, respectively. These morphological changes were not significantly different in the control fish at all salinities as well as in fish exposed to 0–5 mg L−1 Cd at salinity of 15 ppt. This study therefore demonstrates that the toxic effect of Cd on MSH levels and melanophore morphology decreased with increasing salinity. Further, due to the sensitivity of chromatophores to Cd, melanophore morphology is proposed as a biomarker of Cd exposure in aquatic ecosystems.
{"title":"The effect of cadmium on plasma melanocyte-stimulating hormone and morphological changes of melanophores in the cichlid fish Oreochromis niloticus, at different salinity levels","authors":"Dimas Wahyu Meidivanto, A. Soegianto, N. Jannah, Faridlotul Ma’rifah, S. Hariyanto, T. W. C. Putranto, B. Irawan","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1568193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1568193","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The effects of cadmium concentration (0, 2.5 and 5 mg L−1) on melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), melanophore index (MI), and melanophore number (MN), as well as a microscopic examination of scale melanocytes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1757) was evaluated at different salinity levels (0, 5 and 15 ppt). The levels of MSH, MI, and MN were lower in Cd-exposed fish than in control fish (not exposed to Cd) at salinity level of 0 and 5 ppt. In ppt, however these levels of MSH, MI and MN in control and Cd-exposed fish were not significantly different. In the media without Cd, the levels of MSH, MI and MN were not significantly different at all salinities. The morphological changes of melanophores were higher in Cd-exposed fish than in control fish at salinity 0 and 5 ppt, respectively. These morphological changes were not significantly different in the control fish at all salinities as well as in fish exposed to 0–5 mg L−1 Cd at salinity of 15 ppt. This study therefore demonstrates that the toxic effect of Cd on MSH levels and melanophore morphology decreased with increasing salinity. Further, due to the sensitivity of chromatophores to Cd, melanophore morphology is proposed as a biomarker of Cd exposure in aquatic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"83 1","pages":"301 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88502687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-03DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2019.1567267
D. Wildish, S. Robinson
ABSTRACT The primary ecotope for Platorchestia platensis is supralittoral wrack, but occasionally this species may be found living in, and feeding on, rotting driftwood as a secondary ecotope. Lower oxygen uptake rates were measured for driftwood-fed compared with wrack-fed P. platensis. The null hypothesis that the metabolic rate in P. platensis would remain unchanged after reversing the diet from driftwood to wrack was rejected. Diet reversal experiments demonstrated that the oxygen consumption rates of P. platensis were reversible and gradually attained. This is consistent with the change of diet from wrack to driftwood, or vice versa, causing physiological changes involving oxygen consumption in P. platensis, which are described as acclimation rather than adaptation.
{"title":"Effect of diet on oxygen uptake rate in the talitrid amphipod Platorchestia platensis","authors":"D. Wildish, S. Robinson","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2019.1567267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2019.1567267","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The primary ecotope for Platorchestia platensis is supralittoral wrack, but occasionally this species may be found living in, and feeding on, rotting driftwood as a secondary ecotope. Lower oxygen uptake rates were measured for driftwood-fed compared with wrack-fed P. platensis. The null hypothesis that the metabolic rate in P. platensis would remain unchanged after reversing the diet from driftwood to wrack was rejected. Diet reversal experiments demonstrated that the oxygen consumption rates of P. platensis were reversible and gradually attained. This is consistent with the change of diet from wrack to driftwood, or vice versa, causing physiological changes involving oxygen consumption in P. platensis, which are described as acclimation rather than adaptation.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":"5 1","pages":"293 - 299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87086868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-04DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2018.1538699
M. C. DeWhatley, J. E. Alexander
ABSTRACT As global temperatures rise, streams and rivers are predicted to be more severely impacted than other ecosystems, due in part to the limited mobility of aquatic invertebrates. Compared to many terrestrial animals, freshwater snails have particularly low potential for migration and thus are not expected to be able to compensate for climate warming with active dispersal. In freshwater animals, several behaviors are affected by elevated temperatures, including burrowing and escape responses, among others. This laboratory study aimed to assess the impacts of elevated temperatures on righting behavior and survival in two species of freshwater caenogastropod snails: fine-ridged elimia (Elimia semicarinata) and Shawnee rocksnails (Lithasia obovata). Righting time (the time to turn the body right-side-up when placed on the dorsal side of the shell) was assessed before beginning the experiment and again after chronic (10 day) exposure to an elevated temperature. There was no significant change in righting time at any temperature for either species, but there was significantly more failure to right within the time limit at elevated temperatures. For fine-ridged elimia, 30% of the snails failed to right in 30°C, compared to 2.5% in the control temperature (20°C). Similarly, 47.8% of Shawnee rocksnails failed to right at 27°C, while 19.4% failed to right in the 20°C group. Mortality was significantly higher at 35°C for fine-ridged elimia and 30°C for Shawnee rocksnails compared to the mortality of each species’ control group. Predicted rates of climate warming and current average temperatures suggest that fine-ridged elimia face more imminent risk of large-scale failure to right within natural populations, but the lower lethal temperature for Shawnee rocksnails suggests relatively high risk as well. These results contribute to the growing body of evidence that freshwater snails will be negatively impacted by climate warming, and may face large losses in the years to come.
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