Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130043
Harald Rupp, Jason Ullmann, Kshitij S. Shinde, Anke Schadewald
Polyamides are a promising candidate for the research of sulfur-containing flame retardants (FR). A new material based on 2-aminothiazole and 2-methyl-1,2-oxaphospholane-5-on-2-oxide is prepared and introduced into polyamide 12. To understand the effect of sulfur incorporation in its molecular structure, the new flame retardant is compared to a sulfur-free counterpart, revealing distinct variations in their self-extinguishing characteristics. The higher concentration of heteroatoms results in more flame diluting volatiles in the gas phase during thermal decomposition. The addition of the novel flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur, named TP, with only 5 m% into polyamide results in a UL-94 V-0 rating. Simultaneously, the limiting oxygen index increased to 31 %, compared to neat polyamide 12 with 24 %. Remarkably, the moisture absorption remains the same with the thiazole-based FR and the mechanical properties are only slightly decreased. This research reveals the flame retardant capabilities and advantages of a thiazole-based phosphorus compounds in polyamide.
{"title":"Thiazole-based flame retardant for polyamide vs. a sulfur-free flame retardant with similar phosphorus and nitrogen content","authors":"Harald Rupp, Jason Ullmann, Kshitij S. Shinde, Anke Schadewald","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyamides are a promising candidate for the research of sulfur-containing flame retardants (FR). A new material based on 2-aminothiazole and 2-methyl-1,2-oxaphospholane-5-on-2-oxide is prepared and introduced into polyamide 12. To understand the effect of sulfur incorporation in its molecular structure, the new flame retardant is compared to a sulfur-free counterpart, revealing distinct variations in their self-extinguishing characteristics. The higher concentration of heteroatoms results in more flame diluting volatiles in the gas phase during thermal decomposition. The addition of the novel flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur, named TP, with only 5 m% into polyamide results in a UL-94 V-0 rating. Simultaneously, the limiting oxygen index increased to 31 %, compared to neat polyamide 12 with 24 %. Remarkably, the moisture absorption remains the same with the thiazole-based FR and the mechanical properties are only slightly decreased. This research reveals the flame retardant capabilities and advantages of a thiazole-based phosphorus compounds in polyamide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 130043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130033
J.R.D. Ruiz López , Subhash Sharma , Francisco Brown , V.E. Alvarez-Montano , Jesús M. Siqueiros , Oscar Raymond Herrera
In the present work, a series of solid solutions were synthesized using the solid-state reaction method for x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 in system (1-x)Bi0.85La0.15FeO₃-(x)Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3 or ((1-x)BLFO-(x)CSTO) ceramics. Structural, optical, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties were studied in detail to investigate the impact of CSTO doping in BFO. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction data of all samples revealed the formation of a single-phase solid solution with a distorted rhombohedral perovskite structure for x = 0.00 and 0.05, characterized by R3c symmetry, a mix of rhombohedral (R3c) and monoclinic (Cc) phases for x = 0.10 (R3c 31 % and Cc 69 %), whereas for x = 0.15 a single-phase solid solution with Cc symmetry was found. UV–visible analysis demonstrated that the optical band gap was increased from 2.11 eV for x = 0.0 to 2.21 eV for x = 0.15 in the visible range, and can be used in photovoltaics applications. The room temperature dielectric properties were measured, and a crucial role of CSTO was revealed in modifying the dielectric properties of BLFO ceramics; the dielectric constant and dielectric loss at 10 kHz change from εr = 82 and tanδ = 0.88 for x = 0.0 to εr = 116 and tanδ = 1.08 for x = 0.15. The leakage current density decreases while increasing the CSTO % from x = 0.0 to 0.15 due to the suppression of oxygen and Bi vacancies, a fact that is further reflected in the ferroelectric properties of CSTO-doped BFO ceramics. Room temperature ferroelectric properties improved with CSTO doping, and Pr was found to be 0.24 μC/cm2, 0.28 μC/cm2, and 0.84 μC/cm2 for x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15, respectively.
本研究采用固态反应法合成了一系列 x = 0.0、0.05、0.10 和 0.15 的 (1-x)Bi0.85La0.15FeO₃-(x)Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3 或 ((1-x)BLFO-(x)CSTO) 系陶瓷固溶体。为了研究 BFO 中掺杂 CSTO 的影响，对其结构、光学、介电和铁电特性进行了详细研究。对所有样品的 X 射线衍射数据进行的里特维尔德分析表明，在 x = 0.00 和 0.05 时，形成了以 R3c 对称性为特征的单相固溶体，在 x = 0.10 时，形成了斜方晶相（R3c）和单斜晶相（Cc）的混合体（R3c 31 % 和 Cc 69 %），而在 x = 0.15 时，则形成了以 Cc 对称性为特征的单相固溶体。紫外-可见光分析表明，在可见光范围内，光带隙从 x = 0.0 时的 2.11 eV 增加到 x = 0.15 时的 2.21 eV，可用于光伏应用。测量了室温介电性能，发现 CSTO 在改变 BLFO 陶瓷的介电性能方面起着关键作用；10 kHz 时的介电常数和介电损耗从 x = 0.0 时的εr = 82 和 tanδ = 0.88 变为 x = 0.15 时的εr = 116 和 tanδ = 1.08。由于氧和硼空位的抑制，当 CSTO 百分比从 x = 0.0 增加到 0.15 时，漏电流密度降低，这一事实进一步反映在掺杂 CSTO 的 BFO 陶瓷的铁电特性中。室温铁电特性随着 CSTO 掺杂的增加而提高，在 x = 0.05、0.10 和 0.15 时，Pr 分别为 0.24 μC/cm2、0.28 μC/cm2 和 0.84 μC/cm2。
{"title":"Structural phase transition from rhombohedral to monoclinic phase and physical properties of (1-x) Bi0.85La0.15FeO3 – (x) Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3 ceramics prepared by the solid-state route","authors":"J.R.D. Ruiz López , Subhash Sharma , Francisco Brown , V.E. Alvarez-Montano , Jesús M. Siqueiros , Oscar Raymond Herrera","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, a series of solid solutions were synthesized using the solid-state reaction method for x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 in system (1-x)Bi<sub>0.85</sub>La<sub>0.15</sub>FeO₃-(x)Ca<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> or ((1-x)BLFO-(x)CSTO) ceramics. Structural, optical, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties were studied in detail to investigate the impact of CSTO doping in BFO. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction data of all samples revealed the formation of a single-phase solid solution with a distorted rhombohedral perovskite structure for x = 0.00 and 0.05, characterized by <em>R</em>3<em>c</em> symmetry, a mix of rhombohedral (<em>R</em>3<em>c</em>) and monoclinic (<em>Cc</em>) phases for x = 0.10 (<em>R</em>3<em>c</em> 31 % and <em>Cc</em> 69 %), whereas for x = 0.15 a single-phase solid solution with <em>Cc</em> symmetry was found. UV–visible analysis demonstrated that the optical band gap was increased from 2.11 eV for x = 0.0 to 2.21 eV for x = 0.15 in the visible range, and can be used in photovoltaics applications. The room temperature dielectric properties were measured, and a crucial role of CSTO was revealed in modifying the dielectric properties of BLFO ceramics; the dielectric constant and dielectric loss at 10 kHz change from <em>ε</em><sub><em>r</em></sub> = 82 and <em>tanδ</em> = 0.88 for x = 0.0 to <em>ε</em><sub>r</sub> = 116 and <em>tanδ</em> = 1.08 for x = 0.15. The leakage current density decreases while increasing the CSTO % from x = 0.0 to 0.15 due to the suppression of oxygen and Bi vacancies, a fact that is further reflected in the ferroelectric properties of CSTO-doped BFO ceramics. Room temperature ferroelectric properties improved with CSTO doping, and P<sub>r</sub> was found to be 0.24 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>, 0.28 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>, and 0.84 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> for x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 130033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130025
S. Murugan, G. Vignesh, M. Ashokkumar
In this study, ZnS and CuS nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized using a simple and cost-effective co-precipitation method. These NCs were evaluated for their photocatalytic activity in degrading Crystal Violet dye under sunlight. ZnS:CuS nanocomposites were created using QDs in ratios of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4. The synthesized NCs were analyzed for structural, morphological, chemical purity, and optical properties using XRD, TEM, EDAX, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Structural analysis revealed phase-pure cubic and hexagonal structures for ZnS and CuS nanoparticles, respectively. The average crystallite sizes of the pure ZnS and CuS and their composites (4:1, 1:1 and 1:4) ratios are 1.66, 14.7, 1.90, 11.2 and 12.1 nm, respectively. TEM analysis confirmed aggregated and isolated particles, matching the SAED pattern and d-spacing values from XRD analysis. Increasing the CuS ratio in the composites enhanced absorption due to a bandgap reduction from 3.99 eV to 3.35 eV. The pure ZnS and CuS NPs and their composites in ratios of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4 exhibited degradation efficiency of approximately 89 %, 87 %, 99 %, 97 %, and 96 % respectively over a period of 180 min. ZnS:CuS (4:1) exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity, achieving 90 % degradation in 80 min under sunlight. Detailed discussions included the proposed photocatalytic mechanism, scavenging activity, and dosage effect. Hemolytic activity assays indicated that the synthesized NCs are nonhemolytic. The PVA and PVA/ZnS:CuS (4:1) composite membrane exhibited degradation efficiency of 63 % and 92 % respectively. ZnS:CuS (4:1) NCs, with their superior capacity for wastewater treatment, were incorporated into a PVA polymer membrane to enhance reusability and prevent photo-corrosion.
{"title":"Investigating the influence of CuS ratio on sun light – Driven photocatalytic performance of ZnS:CuS nanocomposites and reusability of PVA/ZnS: CuS polymer membrane","authors":"S. Murugan, G. Vignesh, M. Ashokkumar","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, ZnS and CuS nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized using a simple and cost-effective co-precipitation method. These NCs were evaluated for their photocatalytic activity in degrading Crystal Violet dye under sunlight. ZnS:CuS nanocomposites were created using QDs in ratios of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4. The synthesized NCs were analyzed for structural, morphological, chemical purity, and optical properties using XRD, TEM, EDAX, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Structural analysis revealed phase-pure cubic and hexagonal structures for ZnS and CuS nanoparticles, respectively. The average crystallite sizes of the pure ZnS and CuS and their composites (4:1, 1:1 and 1:4) ratios are 1.66, 14.7, 1.90, 11.2 and 12.1 nm, respectively. TEM analysis confirmed aggregated and isolated particles, matching the SAED pattern and d-spacing values from XRD analysis. Increasing the CuS ratio in the composites enhanced absorption due to a bandgap reduction from 3.99 eV to 3.35 eV. The pure ZnS and CuS NPs and their composites in ratios of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4 exhibited degradation efficiency of approximately 89 %, 87 %, 99 %, 97 %, and 96 % respectively over a period of 180 min. ZnS:CuS (4:1) exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity, achieving 90 % degradation in 80 min under sunlight. Detailed discussions included the proposed photocatalytic mechanism, scavenging activity, and dosage effect. Hemolytic activity assays indicated that the synthesized NCs are nonhemolytic. The PVA and PVA/ZnS:CuS (4:1) composite membrane exhibited degradation efficiency of 63 % and 92 % respectively. ZnS:CuS (4:1) NCs, with their superior capacity for wastewater treatment, were incorporated into a PVA polymer membrane to enhance reusability and prevent photo-corrosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 130025"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130034
Meihuan Lu , Satish Gudala , Zheng Liu , Archi Sharma , Xinyu Liu , Jianxin Yang
Microporous zeolites are commonly employed as catalysts for the benzylation of arenes and benzyl alcohol. However, their catalytic efficiency is often compromised by diffusion limitations, particularly in reactions involving larger arenes. In this study, we developed metal-ion modified HY zeolites using Zn, Mg, and Ni as dopants and investigated their catalytic performance in the benzylation of a range of arenes, including toluene, benzene, mesitylene, p-xylene and with benzyl alcohol (BzOH). The structural and acidic properties of the modified HY zeolites were characterized using a combination of techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD), and proton magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1H MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The presence of catalytically active Brønsted acid sites (BAS) was detected by 1H MAS NMR spectroscopy and it was demonstrated that the HY zeolite's acidity is considerably modulated by the addition of metal ions. The catalytic evaluations indicated that the metal-ion modified HY zeolites exhibited superior activity compared to unmodified HY zeolite, with the catalytic performance following the order Zn/HY > Ni/HY > Mg/HY > HY for the benzylation of benzyl alcohol with mesitylene. Further investigation into the mechanism revealed that the synergistic effect of metal ions and acidity plays a crucial role in enhancing the accessibility of arenes to the surface catalytic sites and thereby improving catalytic performance. These findings underscore the importance of the metal-acidity synergy in optimizing the catalytic efficacy of modified HY zeolites for selective benzylation reactions.
微孔沸石通常用作茴香和苄醇苄基化反应的催化剂。然而，它们的催化效率往往会受到扩散限制的影响，尤其是在涉及较大的炔类化合物的反应中。在本研究中，我们开发了以 Zn、Mg 和 Ni 为掺杂剂的金属离子修饰 HY 沸石，并研究了它们在一系列烯烃（包括甲苯、苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯和苯甲醇 (BzOH) ）的苄化反应中的催化性能。利用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、N₂ 吸附-解吸等温线、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、氨温编程解吸 (NH₃-TPD) 和质子魔角旋转核磁共振 (1H MAS NMR) 光谱等多种技术对改性 HY 沸石的结构和酸性特性进行了表征。1H MAS NMR 光谱检测了催化活性布氏酸位点 (BAS) 的存在，并证明 HY 沸石的酸性受金属离子添加的影响很大。催化评估结果表明，与未改性的 HY 沸石相比，金属离子改性的 HY 沸石在苯甲醇与介二甲苯的苄基化反应中表现出更高的活性，催化性能依次为 Zn/HY > Ni/HY > Mg/HY > HY。对其机理的进一步研究表明，金属离子和酸性的协同作用在提高茴香对表面催化位点的可及性从而提高催化性能方面起着至关重要的作用。这些发现强调了金属酸性协同作用在优化改性 HY 沸石选择性苄基化反应催化效能方面的重要性。
{"title":"Catalytic benzylation of arenes using metal-ion modified HY zeolites for sustainable synthesis","authors":"Meihuan Lu , Satish Gudala , Zheng Liu , Archi Sharma , Xinyu Liu , Jianxin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microporous zeolites are commonly employed as catalysts for the benzylation of arenes and benzyl alcohol. However, their catalytic efficiency is often compromised by diffusion limitations, particularly in reactions involving larger arenes. In this study, we developed metal-ion modified HY zeolites using Zn, Mg, and Ni as dopants and investigated their catalytic performance in the benzylation of a range of arenes, including toluene, benzene, mesitylene, p-xylene and with benzyl alcohol (BzOH). The structural and acidic properties of the modified HY zeolites were characterized using a combination of techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD), and proton magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The presence of catalytically active Brønsted acid sites (BAS) was detected by 1H MAS NMR spectroscopy and it was demonstrated that the HY zeolite's acidity is considerably modulated by the addition of metal ions. The catalytic evaluations indicated that the metal-ion modified HY zeolites exhibited superior activity compared to unmodified HY zeolite, with the catalytic performance following the order Zn/HY > Ni/HY > Mg/HY > HY for the benzylation of benzyl alcohol with mesitylene. Further investigation into the mechanism revealed that the synergistic effect of metal ions and acidity plays a crucial role in enhancing the accessibility of arenes to the surface catalytic sites and thereby improving catalytic performance. These findings underscore the importance of the metal-acidity synergy in optimizing the catalytic efficacy of modified HY zeolites for selective benzylation reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 130034"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130009
M.A. Munawar , F. Nilsson , D.W. Schubert
This study introduces a new semi-empirical power-law model for predicting electrospun fiber diameter (D), addressing key processing parameters. Polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers were produced using a solvent mixture of Trichloromethane (TCM), Dimethyl Formamide (DMF), and ethanol (EtOH). Systematic experiments validated an existing theoretical model and led to the development of a novel model: D ∼ (c1/2η1/3Q1/5X2/3)/(U2/3ω1/4I1/5). This model incorporates seven crucial parameters: viscosity (η), concentration (c), voltage (U), spinning distance (X), flow–rate (Q), current (I) and collector wheel rotation speed (ω). The model was validated through a partial factorial design experiment, proving to be a valuable and reliable tool for predicting fiber diameters and optimizing electrospinning processes. The ability to control fiber diameter is essential for tailoring electrospun fibers for various applications, including biomedicine, filtration, sensors, and lightweight materials.
{"title":"Tunable diameter of electrospun fibers using empirical scaling laws of electrospinning parameters","authors":"M.A. Munawar , F. Nilsson , D.W. Schubert","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a new semi-empirical power-law model for predicting electrospun fiber diameter (<em>D</em>), addressing key processing parameters. Polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers were produced using a solvent mixture of Trichloromethane (TCM), Dimethyl Formamide (DMF), and ethanol (EtOH). Systematic experiments validated an existing theoretical model and led to the development of a novel model: <em>D</em> ∼ (c<sup>1/2</sup><em>η</em><sup><em>1/3</em></sup><em>Q</em><sup><em>1/5</em></sup><em>X</em><sup><em>2/3</em></sup><em>)/(U</em><sup><em>2/3</em></sup><em>ω</em><sup><em>1/4</em></sup><em>I</em><sup><em>1/5</em></sup>). This model incorporates seven crucial parameters: viscosity (<em>η</em>), concentration (<em>c</em>), voltage (<em>U</em>), spinning distance (<em>X</em>), flow–rate (<em>Q</em>), current (<em>I</em>) and collector wheel rotation speed (<em>ω</em>). The model was validated through a partial factorial design experiment, proving to be a valuable and reliable tool for predicting fiber diameters and optimizing electrospinning processes. The ability to control fiber diameter is essential for tailoring electrospun fibers for various applications, including biomedicine, filtration, sensors, and lightweight materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 130009"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130039
Zheng Chao, Binjun Wang, Chun Xu, Yu Li
In recent years, biocompatible magnesium alloys have garnered extensive attentions because of their wide applications in clinical medicine. Their excellent biocompatibility allows the avoidance of secondary surgeries for removal. However, magnesium-based biocompatible alloys are still suffering from some shortcomings such as rapid corrosion rate, causing limited service time. Among the factors that influence the corrosion resistance, the grain orientation (GO) is a primary factor influencing its corrosion behavior. Since the surface energy differs among various grains with different orientations, the corrosion sensitivity is anisotropic. Based on the 10T samples, we have established a functional relationship between the reciprocal of corrosion rate and the percentage of each grain orientation. The fitting parameters for the grain orientations of (0001), (1–100), and (11–20) are 0.133, 0.034, and −0.0287, respectively. This intuitively demonstrates that different grain orientations exhibit varying sensitivity to corrosion, with (0001) showing the highest corrosion resistance, while (11–20) has a negative impact on improving corrosion resistance. Furthermore, when we applied this formula to another set of 3T samples, we found that the calculated results matched well with the actual measurements, indicating that this formula has a certain degree of accuracy in quantifying the relationship between corrosion rate and grain orientation.
(3T and 10T represent for the annealing treatment made at 400 °C for 3 and 10 min respectively.)
{"title":"Study of grain orientation effect on the corrosion behavior of biocompatible magnesium alloy Mg–2Zn-0.5Ca","authors":"Zheng Chao, Binjun Wang, Chun Xu, Yu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, biocompatible magnesium alloys have garnered extensive attentions because of their wide applications in clinical medicine. Their excellent biocompatibility allows the avoidance of secondary surgeries for removal. However, magnesium-based biocompatible alloys are still suffering from some shortcomings such as rapid corrosion rate, causing limited service time. Among the factors that influence the corrosion resistance, the grain orientation (GO) is a primary factor influencing its corrosion behavior. Since the surface energy differs among various grains with different orientations, the corrosion sensitivity is anisotropic. Based on the 10T samples, we have established a functional relationship between the reciprocal of corrosion rate and the percentage of each grain orientation. The fitting parameters for the grain orientations of (0001), (1–100), and (11–20) are 0.133, 0.034, and −0.0287, respectively. This intuitively demonstrates that different grain orientations exhibit varying sensitivity to corrosion, with (0001) showing the highest corrosion resistance, while (11–20) has a negative impact on improving corrosion resistance. Furthermore, when we applied this formula to another set of 3T samples, we found that the calculated results matched well with the actual measurements, indicating that this formula has a certain degree of accuracy in quantifying the relationship between corrosion rate and grain orientation.</div><div>(3T and 10T represent for the annealing treatment made at 400 °C for 3 and 10 min respectively.)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 130039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130037
Manawwer Alam , Aditya Srivastava , Wejdan Al-Otaibi , Rizwan Wahab , Shamshad A. Khan , Sadia Ameen
This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and application of Ni-doped barium oxide nanoclusters (BaNiO3NCs), as a highly efficient material for the 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) sensing. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the formation of desired crystalline structure while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provided insights into the morphology and size distribution of the nanoparticles. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the successful incorporation of Ni ions into the barium metal oxide lattice. The chemical bonds present in the synthesized substance were further explored through characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT IR). Comprehensive details regarding the elemental oxidation states and surface chemical composition were obtained via use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Zeta potential analysis clarified the surface charge features, and UV–Vis spectroscopy was utilized to study the optical properties of the prepared material. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was also performed to evaluate the material's thermal stability. Through electrochemical experiments, the sensing capability of BaNiO3NCs/GCE towards 4-NP detection was assessed. The results showed a promising 3.70 μA μM−1 cm−2 sensitivity, 2.71 μM detection limit, and stability of 15 μM for 24 days. The synthesized material's structure-property correlations are comprehensively explained by this multimodal characterization technique, underscoring the material's promise for environmental monitoring and pollution detection applications.
{"title":"Nickel-doped barium oxide nanoclusters as efficient electrode for the detection of 4-nitrophenol","authors":"Manawwer Alam , Aditya Srivastava , Wejdan Al-Otaibi , Rizwan Wahab , Shamshad A. Khan , Sadia Ameen","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and application of Ni-doped barium oxide nanoclusters (BaNiO<sub>3</sub>NCs), as a highly efficient material for the 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) sensing. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the formation of desired crystalline structure while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provided insights into the morphology and size distribution of the nanoparticles. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the successful incorporation of Ni ions into the barium metal oxide lattice. The chemical bonds present in the synthesized substance were further explored through characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT IR). Comprehensive details regarding the elemental oxidation states and surface chemical composition were obtained via use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Zeta potential analysis clarified the surface charge features, and UV–Vis spectroscopy was utilized to study the optical properties of the prepared material. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was also performed to evaluate the material's thermal stability. Through electrochemical experiments, the sensing capability of BaNiO<sub>3</sub>NCs/GCE towards 4-NP detection was assessed. The results showed a promising 3.70 μA μM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> sensitivity, 2.71 μM detection limit, and stability of 15 μM for 24 days. The synthesized material's structure-property correlations are comprehensively explained by this multimodal characterization technique, underscoring the material's promise for environmental monitoring and pollution detection applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 130037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130023
S. Sudheer Khan , V. Vinotha Sre , M. Swedha , Asad Syed , Abdallah M. Elgorban , Islem Abid , Ling Shing Wong
The overuse of antibiotics and the release of these pharmaceuticals into the water system has emerged as a serious issue posing a life-threatening environment to aquatic species. In contrast to various contaminants, antibiotics are specifically engineered for durability and efficacy in the system of the human body (human health). Although this design ensures their performance, it also results in their extended longevity and resilience against degradation in natural contexts. These challenges can be addressed by an advanced oxidation process (AOP) utilizing ternary heterojunction nano catalysts (NCs). In this study, the NCs were synthesized through a combination of calcinated-assisted reverse microemulsion and hydrothermal methods. The synthesized NCs were characterized by using various analytical techniques. The enhanced charge separation and migration in Zn3V2O8/ZnO/NiCo2S4 (ZZN) NCs results in 97.3 % degradation of rifampicin (RIF) within 80 min. ZZN NCs exhibit superior catalytic performance under visible light irradiation compared to its pristine Zn3V2O8, ZnO, NiCo2S4, and binary ZnO/NiCo2S4. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be primarily attributed to the synergetic effects among Zn3V2O8, ZnO, and NiCo2S4 facilitated by the cascade-driven charge transfer mechanism. The prominent reactive oxygen species that participated in photocatalytic degradation activity were found to be superoxide (O2•-) and hydroxide radicals (•OH) which were confirmed through ESR and quenching experiments. From the practical application perspective, ZZN NCs ternary heterostructure demonstrated excellent stability and durability after being recycled six times. This study serve as a vital reference for future investigation into the photocatalytic mechanism related to heterostructure NCs, highlighting their potential for eco-friendly methods to eliminate pollutants and paves a way for manufacturing innovation in near future.
{"title":"Interfacial coupling of sandwich like Zn3V2O8/ZnO/NiCo2S4 nano-heterojunction for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of rifampicin","authors":"S. Sudheer Khan , V. Vinotha Sre , M. Swedha , Asad Syed , Abdallah M. Elgorban , Islem Abid , Ling Shing Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The overuse of antibiotics and the release of these pharmaceuticals into the water system has emerged as a serious issue posing a life-threatening environment to aquatic species. In contrast to various contaminants, antibiotics are specifically engineered for durability and efficacy in the system of the human body (human health). Although this design ensures their performance, it also results in their extended longevity and resilience against degradation in natural contexts. These challenges can be addressed by an advanced oxidation process (AOP) utilizing ternary heterojunction nano catalysts (NCs). In this study, the NCs were synthesized through a combination of calcinated-assisted reverse microemulsion and hydrothermal methods. The synthesized NCs were characterized by using various analytical techniques. The enhanced charge separation and migration in Zn<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>/ZnO/NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> (ZZN) NCs results in 97.3 % degradation of rifampicin (RIF) within 80 min. ZZN NCs exhibit superior catalytic performance under visible light irradiation compared to its pristine Zn<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, ZnO, NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>, and binary ZnO/NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be primarily attributed to the synergetic effects among Zn<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, ZnO, and NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> facilitated by the cascade-driven charge transfer mechanism. The prominent reactive oxygen species that participated in photocatalytic degradation activity were found to be superoxide (O<sub>2</sub>•<sup>-</sup>) and hydroxide radicals (•OH) which were confirmed through ESR and quenching experiments. From the practical application perspective, ZZN NCs ternary heterostructure demonstrated excellent stability and durability after being recycled six times. This study serve as a vital reference for future investigation into the photocatalytic mechanism related to heterostructure NCs, highlighting their potential for eco-friendly methods to eliminate pollutants and paves a way for manufacturing innovation in near future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 130023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130017
Jashveer Singh , Rajesh Kumar , Rakesh Sehgal
The design and manufacturing of graphene and hBN-based nanocomposites is taking the era of material design to new horizons. The present article employs MD simulations to investigate the mechanical, fracture, and interfacial behaviour of the Ti-based nanocomposites reinforced with pristine as well as defective single and bi-crystalline hBN nanosheets. The nanocomposites exhibited over ∼100 % improvements in the failure strengths as compared to pristine Ti matrices. Reinforcement of the Ti matrices with single and bi-crystalline hBN nanosheets improved the failure strengths of the nanocomposites from 4.06 GPa to 9.74 GPa and 9.80 GPa, respectively. However, an increase in vacancy defect (Single or Di-vacancy) concentration (0–6%) resulted in a successive reduction of the failure strength of the nanocomposites. Moreover, the deformation mechanisms in Ti matrices reinforced with pristine and defective nanosheets were observed to be governed by {} < > compression twin and < > prismatic slip dislocations, respectively. Furthermore, the pull-out and pull-up velocities models of interfacial shear and cohesive strengths, respectively, were employed to confirm the observed results.
{"title":"Investigating the mechanical and fracture behaviour of Ti-based nanocomposites reinforced with single and bi-crystalline hBN nanosheets","authors":"Jashveer Singh , Rajesh Kumar , Rakesh Sehgal","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design and manufacturing of graphene and hBN-based nanocomposites is taking the era of material design to new horizons. The present article employs MD simulations to investigate the mechanical, fracture, and interfacial behaviour of the Ti-based nanocomposites reinforced with pristine as well as defective single and bi-crystalline hBN nanosheets. The nanocomposites exhibited over ∼100 % improvements in the failure strengths as compared to pristine Ti matrices. Reinforcement of the Ti matrices with single and bi-crystalline hBN nanosheets improved the failure strengths of the nanocomposites from 4.06 GPa to 9.74 GPa and 9.80 GPa, respectively. However, an increase in vacancy defect (Single or Di-vacancy) concentration (0–6%) resulted in a successive reduction of the failure strength of the nanocomposites. Moreover, the deformation mechanisms in Ti matrices reinforced with pristine and defective nanosheets were observed to be governed by {<span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>} < <span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover><mover><mn>2</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> > compression twin and <span><math><mrow><mo>{</mo><mrow><mn>10</mn><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></mrow><mo>}</mo></mrow></math></span> < <span><math><mrow><mn>11</mn><mover><mn>2</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span> > prismatic slip dislocations, respectively. Furthermore, the pull-out and pull-up velocities models of interfacial shear and cohesive strengths, respectively, were employed to confirm the observed results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 130017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130013
Abbas A. Abdulridha , Zahra Nourbakhsh , Daryoosh Vashaee
This study explores the structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics of full-Heusler Ti2FexMn1-xAl alloys for spintronic applications. The regular Heusler structure is identified as the most stable across all x concentrations. The inverse Heusler structure exhibits half-metallic behavior with a finite energy band gap in the spin-up states, while the regular structure shows metallic behavior for both spin directions. Dirac-like points along the M→Γ direction are observed, particularly in alloys with x = 0 and 0.25 (inverse structure) and x = 0.5, 0.75, and 1 (regular structure), indicating advanced electronic properties. Magnetic analysis reveals that Ti atoms' local magnetic moments are antiparallel to those of Mn and Fe atoms. The total magnetic moment is highest for x = 1 (Ti2MnAl) and nearly zero for x = 0 (Ti2FeAl). Additionally, the inverse Heusler structure achieves 100 % spin polarization at the Fermi energy, underscoring its suitability for spintronic applications. This study highlights the potential of Ti2FexMn1-xAl alloys for future spintronic devices.
本研究探讨了用于自旋电子应用的全 Heusler Ti2FexMn1-xAl 合金的结构、电子和磁性特征。在所有 x 浓度下，规则 Heusler 结构都是最稳定的。反Heusler结构在自旋上升态表现出有限能带隙的半金属性，而规则结构在两个自旋方向都表现出金属性。沿 M→Γ 方向观察到类似狄拉克的点，尤其是在 x = 0 和 0.25（反向结构）以及 x = 0.5、0.75 和 1（规则结构）的合金中，这表明合金具有先进的电子特性。磁性分析表明，钛原子的局部磁矩与锰原子和铁原子的局部磁矩相反。x = 1（Ti2MnAl）时的总磁矩最大，而 x = 0（Ti2FeAl）时的总磁矩几乎为零。此外，反海斯勒结构在费米能达到了 100% 的自旋极化，突出了它在自旋电子应用中的适用性。这项研究凸显了 Ti2FexMn1-xAl 合金在未来自旋电子器件中的潜力。
{"title":"Impact of composition on the properties of full-Heusler Ti2FexMn1-xAl alloys in spintronics","authors":"Abbas A. Abdulridha , Zahra Nourbakhsh , Daryoosh Vashaee","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics of full-Heusler Ti<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>1-x</sub>Al alloys for spintronic applications. The regular Heusler structure is identified as the most stable across all x concentrations. The inverse Heusler structure exhibits half-metallic behavior with a finite energy band gap in the spin-up states, while the regular structure shows metallic behavior for both spin directions. Dirac-like points along the M→Γ direction are observed, particularly in alloys with x = 0 and 0.25 (inverse structure) and x = 0.5, 0.75, and 1 (regular structure), indicating advanced electronic properties. Magnetic analysis reveals that Ti atoms' local magnetic moments are antiparallel to those of Mn and Fe atoms. The total magnetic moment is highest for x = 1 (Ti<sub>2</sub>MnAl) and nearly zero for x = 0 (Ti<sub>2</sub>FeAl). Additionally, the inverse Heusler structure achieves 100 % spin polarization at the Fermi energy, underscoring its suitability for spintronic applications. This study highlights the potential of Ti<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>1-x</sub>Al alloys for future spintronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 130013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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