Materials Chemistry and Physics最新文献_第8页

Effects of laser energy density on the resistance to wear and cavitation erosion of FeCrNiMnAl high entropy alloy coatings by laser cladding 激光能量密度对激光熔覆法铁铬镍锰铝高熵合金涂层抗磨损和抗气蚀性能的影响

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130122

D.T. Yu , R. Wang , C.L. Wu , Z.Z. Wang , S. Zhang , C.H. Zhang , H.T. Chen , X.P. Tao

FeCrNiMnAl high entropy alloy (HEA) coatings are prepared on the surface of 304 stainless steel (304 SS) by laser cladding. The effects of laser energy density on the residual stress, microstructure, nanoindentation behavior, the resistance to wear, corrosion and cavitation erosion (CE) of FeCrNiMnAl HEA coatings are studied. Experimental results shows that when the laser energy density decreases from 40 J/mm² to 24 J/mm², the phase composition of the FeCrNiMnAl HEA coatings remains unchanged with a single BCC solid solution and the elements are uniformly distributed without obvious segregation. The average grain size of the HEA coatings is refined from 73.5 to 41.7 μm. When the laser energy density is 28 J/mm² for S3 sample, the coating displays good forming quality and excellent comprehensive performance. The specific wear rate is only 8.2 % that of the 304 SS substrate. In addition, S3 exhibits the highest corrosion resistance as indicated by the highest corrosion potential (E_corr) and the lowest corrosion current density (I_corr) in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. After 10-h CE, the mean depth erosion rate (MDER) of S3 is the lowest (1.69 ± 0.03 μm/h), which is much lower than that of 304 SS (4.96 ± 0.13 μm/h), and the pure mechanical damage plays a dominant role in CE, followed by the synergistic damage effect. The excellent CE resistance of S3 is attributed to its excellent combination of corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and the self-recovery ability of passivation film.

通过激光熔覆在 304 不锈钢（304 SS）表面制备了铁铬镍锰铝高熵合金（HEA）涂层。研究了激光能量密度对铁铬镍锰铝高熵合金涂层的残余应力、微观结构、纳米压痕行为、抗磨损性、抗腐蚀性和气蚀性（CE）的影响。实验结果表明，当激光能量密度从 40 J/mm2 降低到 24 J/mm2 时，FeCrNiMnAl HEA 涂层的相组成保持不变，为单一 BCC 固溶体，元素分布均匀，无明显偏析。HEA 涂层的平均晶粒尺寸从 73.5 微米细化到 41.7 微米。当 S3 样品的激光能量密度为 28 J/mm2 时，涂层显示出良好的成型质量和优异的综合性能。比磨损率仅为 304 SS 基材的 8.2%。此外，在 3.5 wt% 的 NaCl 溶液中，S3 具有最高的腐蚀电位（Ecorr）和最低的腐蚀电流密度（Icorr），显示出最高的耐腐蚀性。10 h CE 后，S3 的平均深度侵蚀速率（MDER）最低（1.69 ± 0.03 μm/h），远低于 304 SS（4.96 ± 0.13 μm/h），纯机械损伤在 CE 中起主导作用，其次是协同损伤效应。S3 优异的抗 CE 性能得益于其出色的耐腐蚀性能、机械性能和钝化膜自恢复能力。

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引用次数: 0

Development of Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Ag high entropy alloy for dental implants: In vitro corrosion behavior, antibacterial effect, and surface characteristics 开发用于牙科植入物的 Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Ag 高熵合金：体外腐蚀行为、抗菌效果和表面特性

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130114

M.A. Hussein , A. Madhan Kumar , M.A. Azeem , N. Ankah , S. Saravanan

This study presents a new biological high-entropy alloy (Bio-HEA) composed of 35Ti-35Zr-20Nb-5Ta-5Ag (at. %) for potential dental implant applications. The Bio-HEA underwent processing for various durations of mechanical alloying, followed by compaction and sintering. The processed Bio-HEA was tested for corrosion resistance in an artificial saliva medium, antibacterial properties, and surface characteristics. Surface topography and wettability were investigated using atomic force microscopy, surface profilometry, and contact angle measurements. Mechanical alloying, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a solid-solution Bio-HEA with body-centered cubic crystal structures, with phase variations depending on the processing conditions. The Bio-HEA exhibited significantly higher microhardness values (4.38 GPa and 5.35 GPa) than commercial pure titanium (CPTi) and Ti-6Al-4V alloy, respectively. An increased ball-milling time resulted in higher microhardness for Bio-HEA and enhanced in vitro corrosion resistance in artificial saliva compared to CPTi. This was evidenced by a significant nobler shift of approximately 200 mV in the corrosion potential, with a prominent decrease of approximately two orders of magnitude in the corrosion current density and a higher charge transfer resistance. Additionally, the Bio-HEA demonstrated a lower contact angle compared to that of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy and CPTi. The Bio-HEA achieved antibacterial efficiencies of 91.76 % and 93.0 % compared to Ti-6Al-4V alloy and CPTi, respectively. The enhanced microhardness, antibacterial properties, in vitro corrosion resistance in artificial saliva, and wettability of Bio-HEA compared to commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy and CPTi makes it a promising candidate for dental bioimplant applications.

本研究介绍了一种新型生物高熵合金（Bio-HEA），其成分为 35Ti-35Zr-20Nb-5Ta-5Ag（at.生物高熵合金经过不同时间的机械合金化处理，然后进行压实和烧结。对加工后的 Bio-HEA 在人工唾液介质中的耐腐蚀性、抗菌性能和表面特性进行了测试。使用原子力显微镜、表面轮廓仪和接触角测量法对表面形貌和润湿性进行了研究。通过机械合金化、X 射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜，发现形成了具有体心立方晶体结构的固溶体 Bio-HEA，其相变化取决于加工条件。Bio-HEA 的显微硬度值（4.38 GPa 和 5.35 GPa）明显高于商用纯钛（CPTi）和 Ti-6Al-4V 合金。与 CPTi 相比，增加球磨时间可提高 Bio-HEA 的显微硬度，并增强其在人工唾液中的体外耐腐蚀性。具体表现为腐蚀电位发生了约 200 mV 的明显偏移，腐蚀电流密度显著降低了约两个数量级，电荷转移电阻更高。此外，与 Ti-6Al-4V 合金和 CPTi 相比，Bio-HEA 的接触角更小。与 Ti-6Al-4V 合金和 CPTi 相比，Bio-HEA 的抗菌效率分别达到 91.76 % 和 93.0 %。与商用 Ti-6Al-4V 合金和 CPTi 相比，Bio-HEA 的微硬度、抗菌性能、在人工唾液中的体外耐腐蚀性和润湿性均有所提高，因此有望成为牙科生物种植体的候选材料。

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引用次数: 0

CO2 reforming of methane over Ni-Al-LDH catalysts prepared with different precipitants 用不同沉淀剂制备的 Ni-Al-LDH 催化剂对甲烷进行二氧化碳重整

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130115

Isabele Giordani Wenzel, Oscar W. Perez-Lopez

NiAl-LDH catalysts were synthesized using the co-precipitation method with different precipitant. One of the samples (NiAl_C) was prepared with a Na₂CO₃ solution, while the other sample (NiAl_M) was prepared with a mixture of Na₂CO₃ and NaOH. These catalysts were evaluated in the dry reforming of biogas, utilizing a synthetic biogas consisting of 60 % (v/v) CH₄ and 40 % CO₂. Characterization techniques including X-ray diffractometry (XRD), N₂ adsorption-desorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and temperature-programmed reduction and oxidation (H₂-TPR and TPO, respectively), NH₃, CO₂, and H₂ desorption (NH₃-TPD, CO₂-TPD, and H₂-TPD, respectively) where used in different stages of catalysts. Both samples resulted in LDH with small differences in cell parameter c and specific surface area. The precipitant containing NaOH led to an increase in the NiAl₂O₄ spinel phase and in the metallic dispersion of NiAl_M, enhancing thermal stability and resistance to sintering. However, this elevated metallic area facilitated the presence of acid sites, promoting CH₄ decomposition and carbon deposition. The reduction step proved unnecessary for this catalyst, as the reduced catalyst led to an increase in structured carbon formation. The delicate balance between thermal stability and carbon deposition favors the NiAl_M sample under reaction conditions without the reduction step.

采用共沉淀法与不同沉淀剂合成了 NiAl-LDH 催化剂。其中一个样品（NiAl_C）是用 Na2CO3 溶液制备的，而另一个样品（NiAl_M）则是用 Na2CO3 和 NaOH 的混合物制备的。这些催化剂在沼气干转化过程中进行了评估，使用的是由 60% (v/v) CH4 和 40% CO2 组成的合成沼气。在催化剂的不同阶段使用了表征技术，包括 X 射线衍射仪 (XRD)、N2 吸附-解吸、热重分析 (TGA)、温度编程还原和氧化（分别为 H2-TPR 和 TPO）、NH3、CO2 和 H2 解吸（分别为 NH3-TPD、CO2-TPD 和 H2-TPD）。两种样品都产生了 LDH，但电池参数 c 和比表面积差异很小。含有 NaOH 的沉淀剂增加了 NiAl2O4 尖晶石相和 NiAl_M 的金属分散度，提高了热稳定性和抗烧结性。然而，金属面积的增加会促进酸性位点的存在，从而促进 CH4 分解和碳沉积。事实证明，这种催化剂不需要还原步骤，因为还原后的催化剂会增加结构碳的形成。在没有还原步骤的反应条件下，热稳定性和碳沉积之间的微妙平衡有利于 NiAl_M 样品。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of the performance of copper/graphite system for GIL Tri‐post grounding electrode based on plasma sintering technology 基于等离子烧结技术的 GIL 三柱接地电极铜/石墨系统性能优化

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130117

Zichen Zhang , Hao Yang , Ruilei Gong , Miaomiao Chen , Zengjie Li , Hailin Lu

Grounding electrodes, as crucial components of GIL bushings, experience friction with the GIL shell during long-term operation, generating metal particles that induce partial discharge. This phenomenon can lead to internal insulation breakdown, severely compromising GIL operation. This study focuses on enhancing the wear resistance of grounding electrodes by proposing a solution involving copper-graphite composites. Copper/graphite composite materials were fabricated using Spark Plasma Sintering technology. Additionally, the impact of graphite content and particle size on wear resistance, hardness, and electrical conductivity was comprehensively analyzed. Performance evaluation using radar chart analysis identified the optimal solution. The results indicate that at a sintering temperature of 960 °C, pressure of 45 MPa, and holding time of 15 min, with a graphite mass fraction of 7 %, the grounding electrode material exhibits a smooth surface and uniform distribution of graphite. Furthermore, when the graphite particle size is 4 μm, the friction coefficient remains approximately 0.7 with minimal fluctuations. The abrasion produces scratches measuring only 190 μm, and the wear rate is recorded at 2.1128 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/N·m, while the hardness reaches 59.6 HV, an increase of 19.6 HV compared to a particle size of 40 μm. In conclusion, an appropriate graphite content effectively enhances the wear resistance of the grounding electrode, and a reduction in graphite particle size optimizes overall performance. When the composite material contains 7 % graphite with a particle size of 4 μm, the performance is optimal, allowing the grounding electrode to maintain its original properties while demonstrating excellent wear resistance. This study provides a significant approach to optimizing the performance of grounding electrodes.

接地电极作为 GIL 套管的关键部件，在长期运行过程中会与 GIL 外壳发生摩擦，产生金属颗粒，从而引起局部放电。这种现象会导致内部绝缘击穿，严重影响 GIL 的运行。本研究的重点是通过提出铜/石墨复合材料的解决方案来增强接地电极的耐磨性。采用火花等离子烧结技术制造了铜/石墨复合材料。此外，还全面分析了石墨含量和粒度对耐磨性、硬度和导电性的影响。通过雷达图分析进行性能评估，确定了最佳解决方案。结果表明，在烧结温度为 960 ℃、压力为 45 兆帕、保温时间为 15 分钟、石墨质量分数为 7% 的条件下，接地电极材料表面光滑，石墨分布均匀。此外，当石墨粒径为 4 μm 时，摩擦系数保持在 0.7 左右，波动极小。磨损产生的划痕仅为 190 μm，磨损率为 2.1128 × 10-4 mm³/N-m，硬度达到 59.6 HV，比粒度为 40 μm 时增加了 19.6 HV。总之，适当的石墨含量能有效提高接地极的耐磨性，而减小石墨粒度则能优化整体性能。当复合材料中石墨含量为 7%、粒度为 4 μm 时，其性能达到最佳，接地极既能保持原有特性，又能表现出优异的耐磨性。这项研究为优化接地电极的性能提供了一种重要方法。

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引用次数: 0

Mixed-dimensional nanofluids: Synergistic thermal enhancement using 2D and 1D materials 混合维纳米流体：利用二维和一维材料协同增热

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130116

Shivakumar Jagadish Shetty , M.P. Shilpa , Saideep Shirish Bhat , Srivathsava Surabhi , K.S. Pavithra , A. Ganesha , T. Niranjana Prabhu , R.C. Shivamurthy , S.C. Gurumurthy

Excessive heat generation is a common problem in automobiles due to wear and tear of working parts. A suitable heat transfer system is required to avoid stalling automobiles due to the large quantity of heat generated. Liquids like water and ethylene glycol (EG) serve as a coolant by reducing generated heat. To further increase the effectiveness of these coolants, nanofluids which contain nanosized particles dispersed in base fluid like water, ethylene glycol, or a mixture of these two, can be used. In the present work, hybrid nanofluids using Ti₃C₂ (MXene) (2D) and functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (F-MWCNTs) (1D) nanocomposites are prepared. The prepared material is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) for structural analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) for morphological and elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for identifying functional groups. The suitability of the prepared nanofluids is tested for heat transfer application by measuring the thermal conductivity and viscosity. The long-term stability of the nanofluids is verified by zeta potential measurement. The addition of the dispersant to the water has shown an enhanced thermal conductivity (about 10.83% at room temperature and 96.76% at 50 °C) while having lower viscosity compared to the base fluid (water), confirming the suitability for heat transfer applications.

由于工作部件的磨损，汽车普遍存在发热量过大的问题。为避免汽车因产生大量热量而熄火，需要一个合适的传热系统。水和乙二醇（EG）等液体可作为冷却剂，减少产生的热量。为了进一步提高这些冷却剂的效果，可以使用纳米流体，这种流体含有分散在水、乙二醇或这两种流体混合物等基础流体中的纳米颗粒。本研究使用 Ti3C2（MXene）（二维）和功能化多壁碳纳米管（F-MWCNTs）（一维）纳米复合材料制备了混合纳米流体。利用 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 进行结构分析，利用场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HR-TEM) 以及能量色散 X 射线分析 (EDAX) 进行形态和元素分析，并利用傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 鉴定官能团。通过测量热导率和粘度，测试了制备的纳米流体在传热应用中的适用性。通过 zeta 电位测量验证了纳米流体的长期稳定性。与基础流体（水）相比，在水中添加分散剂可提高导热率（室温下约为 10.83%，50 ℃ 时约为 96.76%），同时降低粘度，从而证实了纳米流体在传热应用中的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing microstructure, nanomechanical and tribological properties of TiAl alloy processed by spark plasma sintering with Si3N4 ceramic particulates addition 通过添加 Si3N4 陶瓷颗粒的火花等离子烧结工艺提高 TiAl 合金的微观结构、纳米力学和摩擦学性能

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130113

Azeez Lawan Rominiyi , Peter Madindwa Mashinini , Moipone Linda Teffo

TiAl matrix composites reinforced with varying weight fractions of Si₃N₄ ceramic particles were successfully fabricated by the spark plasma sintering method. The microstructure, nanomechanical and tribological properties of the sintered composites were investigated. The microstructural characterization revealed the evolution of a quasi-continuous and continuous network structure consisting of minor fractions of in-situ formed Ti₂AlN, unreacted Si₃N₄ ceramic particles and dominant Ti₅Si₃ intermetallic phases within the TiAl matrix at Si₃N₄ content above 1.5 wt%. The in-situ precipitated phases enhanced the nanomechanical and tribological properties of the composites. The 7Si₃N₄/TiAl composite displayed the best nanomechanical properties, including nanohardness, elastic modulus, and H/E_r ratio among the sintered samples. The specific wear rate of the composites decreases with increasing reinforcement content. 7Si₃N₄/TiAl composite exhibited the lowest specific wear rate of 0.38 ± 0.55

\times

10⁻⁴ mm³/Nm, representing a 95.6 % improvement in wear resistance compared to the unreinforced pure TiAl alloy. The improved wear performance of the composites was attributed to their load-bearing capacity and wear resistance of the hard, in-situ Ti₂AlN, Ti₅Si₃ and unreacted Si₃N₄ particles in the TiAl matrix. The composites displayed a transition from adhesive wear to predominantly abrasive wear where the hard Si₃N₄ particles prevented direct metal-to-metal contact and facilitated the formation of a protective tribolayer, resulting in enhanced wear resistance. Hence, the developed Si₃N₄/TiAl composites are suitable for various structural and tribological applications.

采用火花等离子烧结法成功地制造出了用不同重量分数的 Si3N4 陶瓷颗粒增强的 TiAl 基复合材料。研究了烧结复合材料的微观结构、纳米力学性能和摩擦学性能。微观结构表征显示，当 Si3N4 含量超过 1.5 wt% 时，TiAl 基体中出现了准连续和连续的网络结构，其中包括少量原位形成的 Ti2AlN、未反应的 Si3N4 陶瓷颗粒和主要的 Ti5Si3 金属间相。原位析出相增强了复合材料的纳米力学性能和摩擦学性能。在烧结样品中，7Si3N4/TiAl 复合材料显示出最佳的纳米力学性能，包括纳米硬度、弹性模量和 H/Er 比。复合材料的比磨损率随着增强成分的增加而降低。7Si3N4/TiAl 复合材料的比磨损率最低，为 0.38 ± 0.55 × 10-4 mm3/Nm，与未增强的纯 TiAl 合金相比，耐磨性提高了 95.6%。复合材料耐磨性能的提高归功于其承载能力和 TiAl 基体中坚硬的原位 Ti2AlN、Ti5Si3 和未反应的 Si3N4 颗粒的耐磨性。复合材料显示出从粘着磨损向主要是磨料磨损的过渡，其中坚硬的 Si3N4 颗粒阻止了金属与金属之间的直接接触，促进了保护摩擦层的形成，从而增强了耐磨性。因此，所开发的 Si3N4/TiAl 复合材料适用于各种结构和摩擦学应用。

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引用次数: 0

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based Nd2O3/graphene for monitoring additive compounds in palm oil product 基于钕2O3/石墨烯的高灵敏度电化学传感器用于监测棕榈油产品中的添加剂化合物

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130121

Rahmat Hidayat , Ganjar Fadillah , Febi Indah Fajarwati , Aldo Diandra Nur Ramdani , Qonita Awliya Hanif , Muhaimin

The use of additives, such as 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPDs), in palm oil products can impact the product's quality and safety. Therefore, it is essential to have a sensitive and accurate detection method. This study explored the hydrothermal synthesis of Nd₂O₃/graphene (Nd₂O₃/G) composites and their application as electrochemical sensors for detecting 3-MCPDs as additive compounds in palm oil products. Different techniques for characterization, such as Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), supply evidence supporting the successful assembly and positive arrangement of the Nd₂O₃/G composite. The sensor's electrochemical efficacy is assessed concerning the detection of typical additives found in palm oil (3-MCPDs). The sensor performance test is studied by voltammetric technique. The modified sensor showed good analytical performance for detection of 3-MCPDs with improving electrocatalytic activity, electron transfer, and reduced charge transfer resistance (R_ct). These modifications greatly enhance the sensor's ability to accurately detect 3-MCPDs with limit of detection of 0.65 μM. This developed sensor shows a great stability and accuracy, thus it has potential to apply in quality control and daily analysis process.

在棕榈油产品中使用 3-氯丙二醇（3-MCPDs）等添加剂会影响产品质量和安全。因此，灵敏而准确的检测方法至关重要。本研究探讨了 Nd₂O₃/石墨烯（Nd₂O₃/G）复合材料的水热合成及其作为电化学传感器的应用，以检测棕榈油产品中作为添加剂化合物的 3-MCPD。傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）、X 射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等不同的表征技术为 Nd₂O₃/G 复合材料的成功组装和正排列提供了证据。在检测棕榈油中的典型添加剂（3-MCPDs）方面，对传感器的电化学功效进行了评估。传感器性能测试采用伏安技术进行研究。改进后的传感器在检测 3-MCPDs 方面表现出良好的分析性能，电催化活性、电子传递和电荷转移电阻（Rct）均有所提高。这些改进大大提高了传感器准确检测 3-MCPDs 的能力，其检测限为 0.65 μM。这种新开发的传感器具有极高的稳定性和准确性，因此有望应用于质量控制和日常分析过程中。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of the nanostructure design on the corrosion behaviour of TiN thin films prepared by glancing angle deposition 纳米结构设计对闪烁角沉积法制备的 TiN 薄膜腐蚀性能的影响

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130100

Cláudia Lopes , Alexandra C. Alves , Armando Ferreira , Eduardo Alves , Nuno Pessoa Barradas , Ioana Borsan , Daniel Munteanu , Filipe Vaz

This study reports on the influence of nanostructure design on the corrosion behaviour of titanium nitride (TiN) thin films, prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering, using the Glancing Angle Deposition (GLAD) technique. The primary objective was to explore how modifying the deposition geometry affects the growth design and surface features of TiN films (keeping roughly constant the N/Ti ratio) and compare these effects with those produced by changing the chemical composition within the same thin film system (N/Ti increasing ratios). For this, two groups of samples were prepared: Group 1 – the samples were prepared in the conventional geometry (normal growth) with varied nitrogen content (stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric films) and; Group 2 – the samples were prepared with modified growth geometries (inclined and zigzag, with increasing incidence angles), keeping an almost unchanged stoichiometry. The results revealed increased surface porosity and roughness for Group 2 films compared to Group 1, demonstrating that deposition geometry can affect more significantly the surface characteristics than the composition variations. Corrosion studies indicated that the films prepared within Group 2, despite having higher porosity, showed a more stable open circuit potential (OCP) and nobler values than the reference close-stoichiometric TiN_0.92 film (reference sample) from Group 1. However, potentiodynamic polarization curves suggested higher corrosion kinetics for Group 2 films, most likely due to their increased surface heterogeneities. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed these findings, showing lower corrosion resistance for films prepared with inclined and zigzag geometries, if compared to the films prepared in conventional geometry (Group 1 samples).

This study advances the current state of the art on this film's responses, by demonstrating that tailoring nanostructure design through deposition geometry offers a promising approach to optimize the corrosion behaviour of TiN_x without the need to change its composition.

本研究报告介绍了纳米结构设计对氮化钛（TiN）薄膜腐蚀性能的影响，该薄膜采用直流反应磁控溅射法，并使用滑动角沉积（GLAD）技术制备而成。主要目的是探索改变沉积几何形状如何影响氮化钛薄膜的生长设计和表面特征（保持氮/钛比率基本不变），并将这些影响与改变同一薄膜系统中的化学成分（氮/钛比率增加）所产生的影响进行比较。为此，我们制备了两组样品：第 1 组--样品以传统几何形状（正常生长）制备，氮含量变化（化学计量薄膜和非化学计量薄膜）；第 2 组--样品以改良生长几何形状（倾斜和之字形，入射角增加）制备，化学计量几乎保持不变。结果显示，与第一组相比，第二组薄膜的表面孔隙率和粗糙度都有所增加，这表明沉积几何比成分变化对表面特性的影响更大。腐蚀研究表明，第 2 组制备的薄膜尽管孔隙率较高，但其开路电位（OCP）更稳定，其数值也比第 1 组的接近化学计量的 TiN0.92 参考薄膜（参考样品）更高。电化学阻抗光谱（EIS）证实了这些发现，与传统几何形状制备的薄膜（第 1 组样品）相比，采用倾斜和之字形几何形状制备的薄膜耐腐蚀性更低。这项研究表明，通过沉积几何形状定制纳米结构设计是优化 TiNx 腐蚀性能的一种可行方法，而无需改变其成分，从而推动了该薄膜响应技术的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Size-controlled synthesis and sensing properties of anthracene-based metal-organic frameworks for detection of singlet oxygen in photodynamic therapy 用于检测光动力疗法中单线态氧的蒽基金属有机框架的尺寸控制合成与传感特性

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130112

Ning Li , Ying Yang , Linshan Jia , Xiaotong Li , Yunkun Zhao , Xiaohong Hou

Developing fluorescent probes to detect singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is essential to understanding the critical role of ¹O₂ in immunological and pathological processes in various organs. In this study, size-controlled DPA-MOF (X) with good biocompatibility and excellent optical stability was used as a nanoprobe for real-time imaging and monitoring of ¹O₂ in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The experimentally synthesized DPA-MOF (X), which can be adjusted in particle size by dilution, exhibits blue fluorescence signals. The results show that smaller-sized DPA-MOF (60) has a faster response to ¹O₂ and higher cell uptake ability. The ratio of fluorescence intensity (F₀/F_i) of DPA-MOF (60) showed a linear correlation with the concentration of ¹O₂ in the range of 0–7 mM, with a detection limit of 88 μM. DPA-MOF has a distinct advantage over most carrier loading sensors in that it effectively avoids the issue of fluorophore leakage from the nanomaterial matrix, thereby improving its stability. Additionally, the controlled synthesis of DPA-MOF can potentially improve probe accumulation in tumors and lower the uptake by the body system. This study presents a luminescent metal-organic framework (LMOF) sensor that utilizes a ¹O₂ capture unit as a measuring ligand. This sensor has been shown to have exceptional biocompatibility and can be utilized for highly specific and efficient detection of ¹O₂ in vivo or living cells.

开发检测单线态氧（1O2）的荧光探针对于了解 1O2 在各种器官的免疫和病理过程中的关键作用至关重要。在这项研究中，具有良好生物相容性和优异光学稳定性的尺寸可控 DPA-MOF (X) 被用作纳米探针，用于光动力疗法（PDT）中 1O2 的实时成像和监测。实验合成的 DPA-MOF (X) 可通过稀释调节粒径，并显示蓝色荧光信号。结果表明，粒径较小的 DPA-MOF (60) 对 1O2 的反应速度更快，细胞吸收能力更强。在 0-7 mM 的范围内，DPA-MOF（60）的荧光强度比（F0/Fi）与 1O2 的浓度呈线性相关，检测限为 88 μM。与大多数载流子负载传感器相比，DPA-MOF 具有一个明显的优势，即它有效地避免了荧光团从纳米材料基质中泄漏的问题，从而提高了其稳定性。此外，DPA-MOF 的可控合成有可能改善探针在肿瘤中的积累，降低人体系统的吸收率。本研究介绍了一种利用 1O2 捕获单元作为测量配体的发光金属有机框架（LMOF）传感器。该传感器具有优异的生物相容性，可用于体内或活细胞中 1O2 的高特异性和高效检测。

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引用次数: 0

Poly (acrylic acid-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-grafted gum ghatti hydrogel for capturing heavy metal ions 用于捕获重金属离子的聚（丙烯酸-2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯）接枝树胶水凝胶

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130106

Praveen Kumar , Poorn Prakash Pande , Prateek Khare , Ravi Shankar , Arbind Chaurasiya , Narendra Pratap Tripathi

In this work, a facile route is explored for the synthesis of a novel polymer composite-based hydrogel (PC-hydrogel). The ratio of 2-(Hydroxyethyl) methacrylate (HEMA) and acrylic acid (AA) is optimized first based on Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, swelling ratio (SR%) and surface negative charge (PZC). Results indicate that PC-hydrogel composed of copolymer of HEMA: AA in 1:4 ratio is optimized, for grafting on Gum ghatti (Gg) during free-radical graft copolymerization process. Among all other possible combination of HEMA: AA, 1:4 ratio grafted Gg is termed as PC-hydrogel [Poly (AA-co-HEMA)-g-Gg]. PC-hydrogel exhibited negative surface charge over a wide range of pH owing to increase in AA. The swelling (g/g) and water retention ratio (%) of the prepared hydrogel have been found to be 342.6, 385 & 412.6 g/g and 74.83, 65.30 & 57.86 % in grey, tap and distilled water respectively. Furthermore, PC-hydrogel is applied for capturing Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions in aqueous phases. Experimental results showed that adsorption process was pH-dependent, and the maximum capturing of Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺ was observed at neutral pH 7. Among different adsorption isotherms models like Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models, experimental data fitted closely with the Langmuir adsorption model showing a maximum adsorption capacity of 381.67 and 328.94 mg/g for Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺ respectively. The capturing of metal ion followed pseudo-second-order rate model [rate constant k = 1.7 x 10⁻⁴ for Cu²⁺ and 1.5 x 10⁻⁴ for Co²⁺ g/(mg.min)]. The PC-hydrogel property retained its uptake capacity of metal ions up to the three successive adsorption−desorption cycles, and exhibited higher selectivity towards Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺ and other (NaCl, MgCl₂, CaCl₂) coexisting ions.

本研究探索了一种新型聚合物复合水凝胶（PC-hydrogel）的简便合成路线。首先根据傅立叶变换红外光谱、溶胀率（SR%）和表面负电荷（PZC）优化了甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEMA）和丙烯酸（AA）的比例。结果表明，在自由基接枝共聚过程中，由 1:4 比例的 HEMA 和 AA 共聚物组成的 PC-水凝胶最适合接枝到 Gum ghatti（Gg）上。在所有其他可能的 HEMA: AA 组合中，1:4 比例接枝的 Gg 被称为 PC-hydrogel [聚（AA-co-HEMA）-g-Gg]。由于 AA 的增加，PC-水凝胶在很宽的 pH 值范围内都呈现出负表面电荷。制备的水凝胶在灰水、自来水和蒸馏水中的溶胀度（克/克）和保水率（%）分别为 342.6、385 和 412.6 克/克以及 74.83、65.30 和 57.86%。此外，PC-水凝胶还可用于捕捉水相中的 Cu2+ 和 Co2+ 离子。实验结果表明，吸附过程与 pH 值有关，在中性 pH 值为 7 时，Cu2+ 和 Co2+ 的吸附量最大。在 Langmuir、Freundlich 和 Temkin 等不同的吸附等温线模型中，实验数据与 Langmuir 吸附模型非常吻合，Cu2+ 和 Co2+ 的最大吸附容量分别为 381.67 和 328.94 mg/g。金属离子的捕获遵循伪二阶速率模型[Cu2+ 的速率常数 k = 1.7 x 10-4 和 Co2+ 的速率常数 k = 1.5 x 10-4 g/（mg.min）]。PC 水凝胶在连续三次吸附-解吸循环中都保持了对金属离子的吸附能力，并对 Cu2+、Co2+ 和其他（NaCl、MgCl2、CaCl2）共存离子表现出较高的选择性。

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引用次数: 0