Elastografia rezonansu magnetycznego (MRE) jest szybko rozwijającą sie, nieinwazyjną, dokladną i odtwarzalną metoda diagnostyczną, wykorzystywaną dla obrazowania wlasności mechanicznych tkanek oraz dla ilościowej oceny propagacji fal sprezystych w badanych tkankach. Zasadniczo technika ta sklada sie z trzech podstawowych krokow. Po pierwsze generowanie w obszarze zainteresowania fal sprezystych o czestotliwości w zakresie 50-5000 Hz. Nastepnie pozyskiwanie obrazow rezonansu magnetycznego, ktore przedstawiają rozchodzenie sie wyindukowanych fal sprezystych. Ostatecznie przetwarzanie obrazow szerzenia sie fal sprezystych na ilościowe mapy sztywności tkanek zwane elastogramami. MRE umozliwia wykrywanie i stopniowanie przewle-klego wloknienia wątroby. Sekwencja moze byc wyko-rzystywana dla monitorowani odpowiedzi na leczenie lub dla oceny progresji choroby. Trwają badania naukowe z uzyciem elastografii rezo-nansu magnetycznego w ocenie innych organow takich jak serce, piersi, pluca, nerki, prostata, tkanka mozgowa i rdzen kregowy, uklad mieśniowo-szkieletowy.
{"title":"Magnetic resonance elastography: a review","authors":"Grażyna Rusak, E. Zawada","doi":"10.12775/MBS.2015.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/MBS.2015.025","url":null,"abstract":"Elastografia rezonansu magnetycznego (MRE) jest szybko rozwijającą sie, nieinwazyjną, dokladną i odtwarzalną metoda diagnostyczną, wykorzystywaną dla obrazowania wlasności mechanicznych tkanek oraz dla ilościowej oceny propagacji fal sprezystych w badanych tkankach. Zasadniczo technika ta sklada sie z trzech podstawowych krokow. Po pierwsze generowanie w obszarze zainteresowania fal sprezystych o czestotliwości w zakresie 50-5000 Hz. Nastepnie pozyskiwanie obrazow rezonansu magnetycznego, ktore przedstawiają rozchodzenie sie wyindukowanych fal sprezystych. Ostatecznie przetwarzanie obrazow szerzenia sie fal sprezystych na ilościowe mapy sztywności tkanek zwane elastogramami. MRE umozliwia wykrywanie i stopniowanie przewle-klego wloknienia wątroby. Sekwencja moze byc wyko-rzystywana dla monitorowani odpowiedzi na leczenie lub dla oceny progresji choroby. Trwają badania naukowe z uzyciem elastografii rezo-nansu magnetycznego w ocenie innych organow takich jak serce, piersi, pluca, nerki, prostata, tkanka mozgowa i rdzen kregowy, uklad mieśniowo-szkieletowy.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90590586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grzegorz Sielski, M. Sielska, Marta Podhorecka, Dominika Gębka, Marta Sucharska-Szymkowiak, Natalia Ciesielska, Łukasz Rolka, K. Porzych, K. Kędziora–Kornatowska
Dizziness is a very common disorder, and its incidence increases with age. It is a symptom of disorder not the essence of the disease. It is usually the result of disorders of the vestibular system, and can be caused by damage to the labyrinth (vertigo) or its innervation (dizziness). Dizziness deals with two areas of medicine - otolaryngology and neurology. Borderland of these specialties is neurotology, which has been recently considered as a separate specialty. However, it is difficult to diagnose and treat the causes of dizziness and often beyond the otolaryngologist and neurologist close cooperation of other professionals such as: a cardiologist, ophthalmologist, radiologist, orthopedist, and even a psychiatrist is required. Dizziness is a hardly perceptible symptom and usually very difficult to diagnose. In older persons dizziness occurs due to many different reasons of central, peripheral or psychiatric nature as well as on a background of variety of systemic diseases. Best pharmacological treatment should be started after the appropriate diagnostics and after proper diagnosis. If the cause of dizziness is vestibular system, customized exercise can have a very beneficial effect on the recovery of functional capacity.
{"title":"Dizziness in older people","authors":"Grzegorz Sielski, M. Sielska, Marta Podhorecka, Dominika Gębka, Marta Sucharska-Szymkowiak, Natalia Ciesielska, Łukasz Rolka, K. Porzych, K. Kędziora–Kornatowska","doi":"10.12775/MBS.2015.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/MBS.2015.023","url":null,"abstract":"Dizziness is a very common disorder, and its incidence increases with age. It is a symptom of disorder not the essence of the disease. It is usually the result of disorders of the vestibular system, and can be caused by damage to the labyrinth (vertigo) or its innervation (dizziness). Dizziness deals with two areas of medicine - otolaryngology and neurology. Borderland of these specialties is neurotology, which has been recently considered as a separate specialty. However, it is difficult to diagnose and treat the causes of dizziness and often beyond the otolaryngologist and neurologist close cooperation of other professionals such as: a cardiologist, ophthalmologist, radiologist, orthopedist, and even a psychiatrist is required. Dizziness is a hardly perceptible symptom and usually very difficult to diagnose. In older persons dizziness occurs due to many different reasons of central, peripheral or psychiatric nature as well as on a background of variety of systemic diseases. Best pharmacological treatment should be started after the appropriate diagnostics and after proper diagnosis. If the cause of dizziness is vestibular system, customized exercise can have a very beneficial effect on the recovery of functional capacity.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76091464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer continues to be one of the major causes of death worldwide. In recent years, the concept of cancer chemoprevention and treatment with natural occurring agents has evolved greatly. In this review work the biological activity and protective effects against cancer of some natural products - coffee, caffeic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester ( CAPE), chlorogenic acid, quercetin and curcumin are presented. It seems that the most natural products with anticancer activity act as strong antioxidants and/or modify the activity of one or more protein kinases involved in cell cycle control. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies showed that some of them may be useful as potential chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive anticancer drugs or adjuvants in complex anticancer therapy.
{"title":"Biological and anticancer activity of selected natural products","authors":"M. Matejczyk","doi":"10.12775/MBS.2015.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/MBS.2015.026","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer continues to be one of the major causes of death worldwide. In recent years, the concept of cancer chemoprevention and treatment with natural occurring agents has evolved greatly. In this review work the biological activity and protective effects against cancer of some natural products - coffee, caffeic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester ( CAPE), chlorogenic acid, quercetin and curcumin are presented. It seems that the most natural products with anticancer activity act as strong antioxidants and/or modify the activity of one or more protein kinases involved in cell cycle control. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies showed that some of them may be useful as potential chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive anticancer drugs or adjuvants in complex anticancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77666769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-01DOI: 10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040263
T. Delistathi, H. Markogiannakis, D. Tsamis, A. Manouras, I. Giotakis, G. Zografos
In primary hyperparathyroidism parathormone (ΡΤΗ) is secreted autonomously and produce increase of calcium and decrease of phosphorus in the serum of the affected patients.In this study the newer facts in the medical literature about the influence of primary hyperparathyroidism in cardiovascular system are presented. Big studies have investigated the role of several factors affected in primary hyperparathyroidism. It seems that the increase of PTH affects the cardiovascular system in various ways. But there is a debate about the mild cases of hyperparathyroidism and short-standing disease.
{"title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism and cardiovascular risk. Is there a connection","authors":"T. Delistathi, H. Markogiannakis, D. Tsamis, A. Manouras, I. Giotakis, G. Zografos","doi":"10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040263","url":null,"abstract":"In primary hyperparathyroidism parathormone (ΡΤΗ) is secreted autonomously and produce increase of calcium and decrease of phosphorus in the serum of the affected patients.In this study the newer facts in the medical literature about the influence of primary hyperparathyroidism in cardiovascular system are presented. Big studies have investigated the role of several factors affected in primary hyperparathyroidism. It seems that the increase of PTH affects the cardiovascular system in various ways. But there is a debate about the mild cases of hyperparathyroidism and short-standing disease.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84979391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-01DOI: 10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040237
Edwin N. Oguegbulu, E. Nwoke
Activated charcoal which comes in synonyms of; carbon, charcoal, medicoal and Norit is very useful in the field of pharmaceutical medicine and in industries. The medicoal samples were sourced for this study from Nigerian plants, namely; Mangifera indica (Mangoe tree), Psidium guajara (Guava tree) and Persea gratissima (Avocado tree). Samples were prepared by carbonization and thermal activation prior to characterization evidence such as percentage of carbonized residues, ash values, fixed carbon contents, pH of aqueous solution, and limits of heavy metal presence. Liquid phase study was conducted by adoption of Freundlich adsorption model. Following this, data were generated for adsorption profile of methylene Blue (MB) on the various samples of activated charcoal inclusive of the commercial grade (standard). Ultra violet spectroscopy was used to measure the respective adsorption capacities. The results were statistically significant using a one-tail (ANOVA) at confidence level of P < 0.05. Persea gratissima ranked the highest in performance out of the three test samples with MB adsorption (9.95 mg/g) and compared favourably with the standard (9.96mg/g). Psidium guajava exhibited the least performance (1.04mg/g). All samples showed desirable aqueous pH of range (6-8). The research has shown that low cost and easily accessible, locally sourced activated charcoal is a recommendable alternative to the commercially available products.
{"title":"Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Evaluation of Adsorption potentials of Activated Charcoal from stem parts of Mangifera indica, Persea gratissima and Psidium guajava for Pharmaceutical medicine","authors":"Edwin N. Oguegbulu, E. Nwoke","doi":"10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040237","url":null,"abstract":"Activated charcoal which comes in synonyms of; carbon, charcoal, medicoal and Norit is very useful in the field of pharmaceutical medicine and in industries. The medicoal samples were sourced for this study from Nigerian plants, namely; Mangifera indica (Mangoe tree), Psidium guajara (Guava tree) and Persea gratissima (Avocado tree). Samples were prepared by carbonization and thermal activation prior to characterization evidence such as percentage of carbonized residues, ash values, fixed carbon contents, pH of aqueous solution, and limits of heavy metal presence. Liquid phase study was conducted by adoption of Freundlich adsorption model. Following this, data were generated for adsorption profile of methylene Blue (MB) on the various samples of activated charcoal inclusive of the commercial grade (standard). Ultra violet spectroscopy was used to measure the respective adsorption capacities. The results were statistically significant using a one-tail (ANOVA) at confidence level of P < 0.05. Persea gratissima ranked the highest in performance out of the three test samples with MB adsorption (9.95 mg/g) and compared favourably with the standard (9.96mg/g). Psidium guajava exhibited the least performance (1.04mg/g). All samples showed desirable aqueous pH of range (6-8). The research has shown that low cost and easily accessible, locally sourced activated charcoal is a recommendable alternative to the commercially available products.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"95 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81837996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-01DOI: 10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040245
A. Elfadil, Awad Abdalfattah karamallah, A. M. Abualhassan, A. A. Hamid, M. Sabahelkhier.
Leaves extracts of Syzygium cumini (L) were collected to test their antimicrobial activity. The collected materials were extracted by petroleum ether, methanol and water by using different concentration (15% 10% and 5%). Were obtained and bioassay in vitro for its bioactivity to inhabit the growth of four types of bacteria,namely; ( Staphlococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Bacillus subitils ) and two types of fungi ( Aspergillus niger , and Candida albicans) . The extract of Syzygium cumini leaves showed different activity against the selected bacteria at all concentration levels. By using cup plate diffusion method, petroleum ether extract of Syzygium cumini leaves showed activity against E . coli only. Methanol extract showed variable activity against bacteria in different concentrations especially 15% concentration showed high activity against B. subtilis . Water extract showed variable activity against most of the tested bacteria. E. coli was found to be sensitive to all concentrations.
{"title":"Antimicrobial activities of Syzygium cumini leave extracts against selected microorganisms","authors":"A. Elfadil, Awad Abdalfattah karamallah, A. M. Abualhassan, A. A. Hamid, M. Sabahelkhier.","doi":"10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040245","url":null,"abstract":"Leaves extracts of Syzygium cumini (L) were collected to test their antimicrobial activity. The collected materials were extracted by petroleum ether, methanol and water by using different concentration (15% 10% and 5%). Were obtained and bioassay in vitro for its bioactivity to inhabit the growth of four types of bacteria,namely; ( Staphlococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Bacillus subitils ) and two types of fungi ( Aspergillus niger , and Candida albicans) . The extract of Syzygium cumini leaves showed different activity against the selected bacteria at all concentration levels. By using cup plate diffusion method, petroleum ether extract of Syzygium cumini leaves showed activity against E . coli only. Methanol extract showed variable activity against bacteria in different concentrations especially 15% concentration showed high activity against B. subtilis . Water extract showed variable activity against most of the tested bacteria. E. coli was found to be sensitive to all concentrations.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74032647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-01DOI: 10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040239
S. Salahova, S. Topchiyeva, I.Kh. Alakbarov
The article presented the results of analyzes of heavy metals in the water, which has taken from the area of oil and gas fields ("Oil Rocks", "Gyarbi Absheron", "Absheron Bankasi" and "Bulla") of the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea seasonally from 2011 to 2013. Identify the exceeding average level of permissible concentration for iron, zinc, copper; their values corresponded to Fe (0,163-0,197 mg/L) at the MPC 0.05 mg/L, Zn (0,141-0,171 mg/L) at the MPC 0.01-0.05 mg/L Cu (0,002-0,008 mg/L) at the MPC 0,001 mg/L. The highest concentrations of heavy and transition metals occur in iron and zinc in the water. Thus, the maximum concentration value for iron and zinc are shown on the oil-gas field "Bulla" and they are follows: 0,197 mg/L and 0,171 mg/L. In each of the investigated samples were found zinc, copper, cadmium, mercury, lead, iron and nickel.
{"title":"Ecological problem of Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea","authors":"S. Salahova, S. Topchiyeva, I.Kh. Alakbarov","doi":"10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040239","url":null,"abstract":"The article presented the results of analyzes of heavy metals in the water, which has taken from the area of oil and gas fields (\"Oil Rocks\", \"Gyarbi Absheron\", \"Absheron Bankasi\" and \"Bulla\") of the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea seasonally from 2011 to 2013. Identify the exceeding average level of permissible concentration for iron, zinc, copper; their values corresponded to Fe (0,163-0,197 mg/L) at the MPC 0.05 mg/L, Zn (0,141-0,171 mg/L) at the MPC 0.01-0.05 mg/L Cu (0,002-0,008 mg/L) at the MPC 0,001 mg/L. The highest concentrations of heavy and transition metals occur in iron and zinc in the water. Thus, the maximum concentration value for iron and zinc are shown on the oil-gas field \"Bulla\" and they are follows: 0,197 mg/L and 0,171 mg/L. In each of the investigated samples were found zinc, copper, cadmium, mercury, lead, iron and nickel.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"2008 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86241932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-01DOI: 10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040253
M. Mehdizadeh, B. Saberi, S. Bayat
Background: Concrescence is a rare dental anomaly in which juxtaposed teeth are united in the cementum but not in the dentin. The incidence of Concrescence teeth is reported to be highest in the posterior maxilla. It often involves a second molar with roots in near proximity to those of a third molar. It is more common on maxillary third and second molars and may be inadvertently diagnosed during a tooth extraction. Although the exact etiology of concrescence has not yet been explained, it is usually suspected that space restriction during development, local trauma, excessive occlusal force or local infection after development play an important role. Unexpected complications arising from the concrescence may lead to legal issues. Case Report: Extracting right maxillary second molar in a 33-year-old female patient with a chief complaint of toothache in a right maxillary second molar. It became evident that the second and third molars were attached between the roots. So both teeth were extracted a traumatically and healing was uneventful. Conclusion: In fact, concrescence is not common anomaly, so the clinician should always consider it, especially in the case of maxillary molars, and the patient should be informed about its complications. A small fused area may be separated during the extraction. But a broader connected area (like in this case) may lead to the extraction of both involved teeth.
{"title":"A Concrescence between Second and Third Molars","authors":"M. Mehdizadeh, B. Saberi, S. Bayat","doi":"10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040253","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Concrescence is a rare dental anomaly in which juxtaposed teeth are united in the cementum but not in the dentin. The incidence of Concrescence teeth is reported to be highest in the posterior maxilla. It often involves a second molar with roots in near proximity to those of a third molar. It is more common on maxillary third and second molars and may be inadvertently diagnosed during a tooth extraction. Although the exact etiology of concrescence has not yet been explained, it is usually suspected that space restriction during development, local trauma, excessive occlusal force or local infection after development play an important role. Unexpected complications arising from the concrescence may lead to legal issues. Case Report: Extracting right maxillary second molar in a 33-year-old female patient with a chief complaint of toothache in a right maxillary second molar. It became evident that the second and third molars were attached between the roots. So both teeth were extracted a traumatically and healing was uneventful. Conclusion: In fact, concrescence is not common anomaly, so the clinician should always consider it, especially in the case of maxillary molars, and the patient should be informed about its complications. A small fused area may be separated during the extraction. But a broader connected area (like in this case) may lead to the extraction of both involved teeth.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78859467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-01DOI: 10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040243
Al Toma H. Bajouri, M. Sabahelkhier.
The effect of smoking on testosterone levels is important given the recent interest in the link between low levels of testosterone and the development of cardiovascular disease because smoking has bad effect on diet of person i,e. Heavy smoking lead to loss appetite for person. Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among men. Many studies have evaluated the effect of cigarette smoking on levels of male reproductive hormones; however, the findings still remain controversial. The main objective was to study the effect of cigarette smoking on total testosterone hormone in male. Eighty blood samples (80) were collected from apparently healthy Sudanese individuals. Group one (40 males) was represented smoker group, age with 18 -50 year, duration of smoking ranged from 5 – 25 years and average number of cigarette day is 17.18± 13.1. While other 40 individual are non smoker (Control), all volunteers were recruited from Khartoum city, Sudan. Four ml of venous blood were collected from each volunteer serum, Total testosterone were measured using (E L I SA) full automated hormone analyzer. The results were indicated that total testosterone levels among the smoker (M ±SD 3.6 ± 3.6) were significantly low compared with control group (M ± SD 5.2 ± 2.3). In addition, it is not effect by age and BMI (Body Mass Index), but it is effect by number of cigarette day.
吸烟对睾酮水平的影响很重要，因为最近人们对睾酮水平低与心血管疾病的发展之间的联系很感兴趣，因为吸烟对人的饮食有不良影响。大量吸烟会使人失去食欲。吸烟在男性中非常普遍。许多研究评估了吸烟对男性生殖激素水平的影响;然而，这些发现仍然存在争议。主要目的是研究吸烟对男性总睾酮激素的影响。从表面健康的苏丹人身上采集了80份血样(80份)。第1组(40名男性)为典型吸烟组，年龄18 ~ 50岁，吸烟年限5 ~ 25年，平均吸烟日数17.18±13.1支。另外40人不吸烟(对照)，所有志愿人员都是从苏丹喀土穆市征聘的。采集每位志愿者血清静脉血4 ml，采用(E L I SA)全自动激素分析仪测定总睾酮水平。结果显示，吸烟者总睾酮水平(M±SD 3.6±3.6)明显低于对照组(M±SD 5.2±2.3)。此外，它不受年龄和BMI(身体质量指数)的影响，而是受吸烟数量的影响。
{"title":"Estimation of Total Testosterone levels in Sudanese Male Smoker","authors":"Al Toma H. Bajouri, M. Sabahelkhier.","doi":"10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20286/NOVA-JMBS-040243","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of smoking on testosterone levels is important given the recent interest in the link between low levels of testosterone and the development of cardiovascular disease because smoking has bad effect on diet of person i,e. Heavy smoking lead to loss appetite for person. Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among men. Many studies have evaluated the effect of cigarette smoking on levels of male reproductive hormones; however, the findings still remain controversial. The main objective was to study the effect of cigarette smoking on total testosterone hormone in male. Eighty blood samples (80) were collected from apparently healthy Sudanese individuals. Group one (40 males) was represented smoker group, age with 18 -50 year, duration of smoking ranged from 5 – 25 years and average number of cigarette day is 17.18± 13.1. While other 40 individual are non smoker (Control), all volunteers were recruited from Khartoum city, Sudan. Four ml of venous blood were collected from each volunteer serum, Total testosterone were measured using (E L I SA) full automated hormone analyzer. The results were indicated that total testosterone levels among the smoker (M ±SD 3.6 ± 3.6) were significantly low compared with control group (M ± SD 5.2 ± 2.3). In addition, it is not effect by age and BMI (Body Mass Index), but it is effect by number of cigarette day.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"126 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87821254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the studies on wisdom of the elderly, there are two kinds of wisdom: pragmatic and transcendent (spiritual), which is a general respond to the world and is associated with the level of personality development. Through its specific context, old age creates conditions for achieving wisdom. The fact whether these opportunities will be used and lead to the development of human personality in old age depends on the individuals.
{"title":"WISDOM OF THE ELDERLY","authors":"K. Porzych, A. Polak-Szabela, Kajetan Hadzik","doi":"10.12775/MBS.2015.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/MBS.2015.015","url":null,"abstract":"In the studies on wisdom of the elderly, there are two kinds of wisdom: pragmatic and transcendent (spiritual), which is a general respond to the world and is associated with the level of personality development. Through its specific context, old age creates conditions for achieving wisdom. The fact whether these opportunities will be used and lead to the development of human personality in old age depends on the individuals.","PeriodicalId":18339,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Biological Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"33-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80643753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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