Journal of Applied Polymer Science最新文献

英文中文

Study on the effect of wet mixing process on the properties of EPDM rubber/fiber/hollow glass microsphere composite system 研究湿法混合工艺对三元乙丙橡胶/纤维/中空玻璃微球复合材料体系性能的影响

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1002/app.56270

Mingchao Wang, Yuan Wang, Xin Chen, Li Liu, Yetao Zhang, Chen Liu

Compared to the traditional open mixing process used for the production of the rubber composites, wet mixing process is a lower shear force mixing method. This article revealed the influence of the open mixing process and the wet mixing process on the microstructure, density, mechanical properties, and ablation performance of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber/fiber/hollow glass microsphere composite system. The results showed that the wet mixing process increased the fiber length by more than 300% compared to the open mixing process, while the fragmentation rate of the hollow glass beads was reduced by 94.4%, these effectively maintained the structural integrity of the fibers and the hollow glass microsphere filler. By using the wet mixing process, the density of EPDM composite materials can be reduced by about 20%, and the tensile strength and ablation resistance of these composites were also significantly improved. Compared to polyimide fiber and aramid fiber short fibers, the wet mixing process of solution‐based rubber had a more significant effect on improving the length and ablation resistance of phenolic fiber and carbon fiber fibers which having poor shear strength.

与用于生产橡胶复合材料的传统开炼工艺相比，湿法混炼工艺是一种剪切力较低的混炼方法。本文揭示了开放式混炼工艺和湿法混炼工艺对乙丙橡胶/纤维/中空玻璃微球复合材料体系的微观结构、密度、力学性能和烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明，与开放式混炼工艺相比，湿法混炼工艺使纤维长度增加了 300% 以上，而空心玻璃微珠的破碎率降低了 94.4%，这些都有效地保持了纤维和空心玻璃微球填料的结构完整性。通过使用湿法混合工艺，三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）复合材料的密度可降低约 20%，这些复合材料的拉伸强度和耐烧蚀性也得到了显著提高。与聚酰亚胺纤维和芳纶短纤维相比，溶液型橡胶的湿法混炼工艺对改善剪切强度较差的酚醛纤维和碳纤维的长度和耐烧蚀性有更明显的效果。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis of Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/g‐C3N4@ZIF‐8 composites: Enhancing thermal stability and flame retardancy in polyurea Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4@ZIF-8 复合材料的合成：增强聚脲的热稳定性和阻燃性

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1002/app.56261

Jiayu Lin, Yongbo Hou, Lailong Ding, Yifan Wang, Jinhu Hu, Xishun Qiu, Chao Wu, Mingliang Ma, Wei Gao

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their potential application in flame‐retardant polymeric materials. In this work, Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/g‐C3N4@ZIF‐8 flame retardants were synthesized via solvothermal and calcination techniques, and their elemental composition and morphologies were thoroughly characterized. The flame retardancy of polyurea (PUA) composites incorporating varying dosages of these flame retardants was evaluated using cone calorimetry tests (CCT). The findings demonstrate that the incorporation of Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/g‐C3N4@ZIF‐8 significantly enhanced the flame retardant properties of PUA composites. With the addition of 3 wt% of the flame retardant, the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), total smoke production (TSP), and total CO yield (TCO) of the PUA composites decreased to 890.82 kW/m2, 131.34 MJ/m2, 12.30 m2, and 2.39 g, respectively, reflecting reductions of 33.59%, 18.59%, 29.40%, and 47.93% compared with pure PUA. The flame‐retardant mechanism was systematically analyzed in both the condensed and gas phases. This study provides a robust experimental foundation and novel insights that contribute to the development of advanced flame‐retardant coating materials.

近年来，金属有机框架（MOFs）因其在阻燃聚合物材料中的潜在应用而备受关注。本研究通过溶热法和煅烧法合成了 Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4@ZIF-8 阻燃剂，并对其元素组成和形态进行了深入研究。采用锥形量热试验（CCT）评估了掺入不同剂量这些阻燃剂的聚脲（PUA）复合材料的阻燃性。研究结果表明，加入 Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4@ZIF-8 后，聚脲复合材料的阻燃性能显著提高。添加 3 wt%的阻燃剂后，PUA 复合材料的峰值热释放率（PHRR）、总热释放率（THR）、总发烟量（TSP）和总 CO 产率（TCO）分别降至 890.82 kW/m2、131.34 MJ/m2、12.30 m2 和 2.39 g，与纯 PUA 相比分别降低了 33.59%、18.59%、29.40% 和 47.93%。该研究系统分析了冷凝相和气相的阻燃机理。这项研究提供了坚实的实验基础和新颖的见解，有助于开发先进的阻燃涂层材料。

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引用次数: 0

Diffusion and sorption of water vapor by polyamide‐imides 聚酰胺-酰亚胺对水蒸气的扩散和吸附作用

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/app.56254

Anatoly E. Chalykh, Tatiana F. Petrova, Vladimir V. Matveev, Uliana V. Nikulova

The study of sorption and diffusion characteristics of glassy polymers based on polyamide‐imides was carried out using the methods of static sorption, dilatometry, electron microscopy. Water sorption isotherms of polyamide‐imides based on trimellitimido‐N‐acetic acid (PAI‐A) and trimellitimido‐N‐p‐benzoic acid (PAI‐B) with different intramolecular ‘hinges’ in the diamine fragment were obtained. The isotherms are S‐shaped and occupy an intermediate position between polyheteroarylenes and aliphatic polyamides. The dual sorption model was used to interpret the results. It is shown that the Langmuir component of the isotherms is determined by the thermal prehistory of glassy polymers, while the sorption component associated with water dissolution according to Flory‐Huggins is determined by the chemical nature of the functional groups included in the monomeric unit. The diffusion coefficients of water and the temperature and concentration dependences of the diffusion coefficients of sorbed water molecules were determined.

采用静态吸附、扩张仪、电子显微镜等方法研究了基于聚酰胺-酰亚胺的玻璃聚合物的吸附和扩散特性。获得了基于三苯甲亚氨基-N-乙酸（PAI-A）和三苯甲亚氨基-N-对苯甲酸（PAI-B）的聚酰胺-酰亚胺的水吸附等温线，二胺片段具有不同的分子内 "铰链"。它们的等温线呈 S 形，介于聚芳香烃和脂肪族聚酰胺之间。使用双重吸附模型来解释结果。结果表明，等温线中的朗缪尔成分是由玻璃态聚合物的热前史决定的，而根据弗洛里-哈金斯（Flory-Huggins）理论，与水溶解相关的吸附成分是由单体单元中所含官能团的化学性质决定的。测定了水的扩散系数以及吸附水分子扩散系数的温度和浓度相关性。

引用次数: 0

Effect of printed PVDF/GCN composite film thickness on the performance of piezoelectric nanogenerators 印刷 PVDF/GCN 复合薄膜厚度对压电纳米发电机性能的影响

IF 2.7 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/app.56234

Omkar Y. Pawar, Sooman Lim

This study aimed to explore the influence of film thickness on the piezoelectric efficiency of polyvinylidene fluoride/graphitic carbon nitrate nanosheet (GCN) composite films, taking into account the effect of GCN alignment. Our findings demonstrated that the piezoelectric performance of these films was markedly dependent on their thickness. We have observed a direct relationship between film thickness and piezoelectric efficiency, with thicker films showing a greater capability to convert mechanical pressure into electric energy. This increased efficiency is attributed to the enhanced ability to thicker films to distribute stress uniformly across the material, which is crucial for optimizing the piezoelectric effect. Our results advance the understanding of how variation in film thickness impact mechanical properties such as stiffness and flexibility, which subsequently affect the piezoelectric response. Through predictive modeling, we analyzed the mechanical dynamics of film displacement under an electrical potential and clarified how different thickness influenced the mechanical properties and piezoelectric output. This detailed analysis deepens the fundamental understanding of material design for optimal piezoelectric performance and underscores the critical role of film thickness in engineering application.

本研究旨在探讨薄膜厚度对聚偏氟乙烯/纳米石墨化碳硝酸酯（GCN）复合薄膜压电效率的影响，同时考虑到 GCN 排列的影响。我们的研究结果表明，这些薄膜的压电性能明显取决于其厚度。我们观察到薄膜厚度与压电效率之间存在直接关系，薄膜越厚，将机械压力转化为电能的能力越强。这种效率的提高归因于较厚薄膜在材料上均匀分布应力的能力增强，这对于优化压电效应至关重要。我们的研究结果加深了人们对薄膜厚度变化如何影响机械性能（如刚度和柔韧性）的理解，而机械性能又会影响压电响应。通过预测建模，我们分析了电势作用下薄膜位移的机械动态，并阐明了不同厚度如何影响机械特性和压电输出。这一详细分析加深了对材料设计的基本理解，从而实现最佳压电性能，并强调了薄膜厚度在工程应用中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Self-healable corrosion-protective alkyd resin based on microencapsulated natural tung oil 基于微胶囊天然桐油的自愈合防腐醇酸树脂

IF 2.7 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/app.56223

Shakiba Jafarabadi, Alireza Shakeri, Zahra Kachoei

This article introduces a new method in which tung oil is employed as a bio-friendly curative substance enclosed within melamine-urea-formaldehyde microcapsules. Due to the high reactivity of melamine, particle agglomeration can occur. To tackle this issue, this study focuses on optimizing the quantity of emulsifiers to achieve the best microcapsules with 15% melamine in the shell structure without particle agglomeration. The impact of melamine content and the quantity of emulsifier on the morphology of the synthesized microcapsules, the reaction yield, core content, and the hardness of the microcapsule shell were investigated. The presence of tung oil in melamine-urea-formaldehyde microcapsules was proven by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed the spherical morphology of the capsules with a mean diameter of 2.29 μm. UV–vis analysis and nano-indentation tests were used to evaluate the core content and the hardness of the result microcapsules, respectively. Finally, one sample, as the best microcapsule, was dispersed in an alkyd-based resin in the amount of 1, 2.5, and 5 wt% and applied on a steel substrate for its ability to prevent corrosion. The study also highlights the adverse effect of excessive capsule usage in the resin, as demonstrated by reduced resin adhesion to the substrate, according to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray tests. The study found that the best long-term anticorrosion properties are achieved by including 1 wt% of microcapsules in an alkyd resin.

本文介绍了一种新方法，即把桐油作为一种生物友好型治疗物质封装在三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛微胶囊中。由于三聚氰胺的高反应性，颗粒可能会发生团聚。为解决这一问题，本研究重点优化了乳化剂的用量，以获得外壳结构中三聚氰胺含量为 15%、且不发生颗粒团聚的最佳微胶囊。研究了三聚氰胺含量和乳化剂用量对合成微胶囊形态、反应产率、核心含量和微胶囊外壳硬度的影响。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）证明了三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛微胶囊中桐油的存在。场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）显示胶囊呈球形，平均直径为 2.29 μm。紫外可见光分析和纳米压痕测试分别用于评估微胶囊的核心含量和硬度。最后，一个样品作为最佳微胶囊，以 1、2.5 和 5 wt% 的量分散在醇酸树脂中，并应用于钢基材上，以检测其防腐蚀能力。研究还强调了树脂中胶囊用量过多的不利影响，根据电化学阻抗光谱（EIS）和盐雾测试，树脂与基材的粘附性降低就证明了这一点。研究发现，在醇酸树脂中加入 1 wt% 的微胶囊可获得最佳的长期防腐性能。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of lignin and TiO2 on the structure and properties of PLA composites: Combine of simulation analysis and experimental results 木质素和 TiO2 对聚乳酸复合材料结构和性能的影响模拟分析与实验结果的结合

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/app.56267

Man Liu, Tong Song, Xuan Wu, Qian Li, Shiwei Wang

In this paper, the foamed polylactic acid (PLA) composites with different ratios of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and lignin (Lg) are prepared. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis indicates that the fillers enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. The optimal foaming temperatures for PLA/Lg and PLA/TiO2 composites are found to be 110 and 100°C, respectively. The supercritical carbon dioxide foaming process is applied to get the foamed composites, and their mechanical and thermal properties are analyzed. The results show that the addition of TiO2 improves the melting point and compression properties of the PLA composites. Furthermore, the inclusion of Lg increases the molecular chain mobility, foaming multiplicity, and compression strength of the composite materials.

本文制备了含有不同比例二氧化钛（TiO2）和木质素（Lg）的发泡聚乳酸（PLA）复合材料。分子动力学模拟分析表明，填料提高了复合材料的机械性能。聚乳酸/Lg 和聚乳酸/二氧化钛复合材料的最佳发泡温度分别为 110°C 和 100°C。应用超临界二氧化碳发泡工艺得到了发泡复合材料，并对其力学性能和热性能进行了分析。结果表明，TiO2 的加入提高了聚乳酸复合材料的熔点和压缩性能。此外，Lg 的加入提高了复合材料的分子链流动性、发泡倍数和压缩强度。

引用次数: 0

The effect of mesoporous bioglass on hemostatic, antibacterial and biocompatible properties of composite sponge 介孔生物玻璃对复合海绵止血、抗菌和生物相容性的影响

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/app.56263

Anping Wang, Yuhan Zou, Wanqiu Du, Qiuli Fang, Zilong Zhang, Yin Zhang

Hemostatic materials used in penetrating injuries or incompressible wounds must possess exceptional efficacy in preventing bleeding. In this study, mesoporous bioglass (MBG) was synthesized using a two‐step acid‐catalyzed self‐assembly method, and a novel hemostatic sponge (MBG/CH/GEL) was prepared by combining chitosan (CH), gelatin (GEL), and MBG using a freeze‐drying method. The characteristics and hemostatic effects of the MBG/CH/GEL composite hemostatic sponge were analyzed and evaluated. Research has shown that the high specific surface area of MBG (730 m2/g) provides more blood cell adhesion sites during hemostasis, resulting in a low hemolysis rate, favorable swelling rate, and porosity of the hemostatic sponge. Additionally, MBG can release Si4+ and Ca2+ ions during hemostasis, giving the composite hemostatic sponge excellent cell compatibility and promoting cell growth. Compared with commercially available gelatin hemostatic sponges, it cannot only quickly stop bleeding but also has a greater compressive strength (212.07 kPa) and adhesion strength (11.54 ± 0.16 kPa), making it suitable for use in hemostasis of incompressible wounds. Furthermore, the composite hemostatic sponge exhibited significant antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These results indicate that the MBG/CH/GEL composite hemostatic sponge, which is a hemostatic material, has promising applications.

用于穿透性损伤或不可压缩伤口的止血材料必须具有卓越的止血功效。本研究采用两步酸催化自组装法合成了介孔生物玻璃（MBG），并通过冷冻干燥法将壳聚糖（CH）、明胶（GEL）和 MBG 结合在一起制备了新型止血海绵（MBG/CH/GEL）。对 MBG/CH/GEL 复合止血海绵的特性和止血效果进行了分析和评估。研究表明，MBG 的高比表面积（730 m2/g）可在止血过程中提供更多的血细胞粘附点，从而使止血海绵的溶血率低、膨胀率高、多孔性好。此外，MBG 还能在止血过程中释放 Si4+ 和 Ca2+ 离子，使复合止血海绵具有良好的细胞相容性，并促进细胞生长。与市售明胶止血海绵相比，它不仅能快速止血，还具有更高的抗压强度（212.07 千帕）和粘附强度（11.54 ± 0.16 千帕），因此适合用于不可压缩伤口的止血。此外，复合止血海绵对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌具有显著的抗菌效果。这些结果表明，MBG/CH/GEL 复合止血海绵这种止血材料具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study on the characterization of chitosan mixed natural phenolic aldehyde edible films 壳聚糖混合天然酚醛食用薄膜特性的比较研究

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/app.56252

Jianfei Zhu, Xiaomei Chen, Tingting Huang, Dongling Tian

In this study, the reaction of six natural phenolic aldehydes, namely, ethyl vanillin (EV), syringaldehyde (SA), vanillin (VA), isovanillin (ISA), 2‐hydroxy‐4‐methylbenzaldehyde (HDA), and p‐hydroxy benzaldehyde (PHDA), with chitosan produces Schiff bases of chitosan films. All the complex films were characterized through instrumental analysis. The findings suggested that the degrees of substitution of CS‐EV, CS‐SA, CS‐VA, CS‐ISA, CS‐HDA and CS‐PHDA were 73.48%, 42.22%, 58.04%, 51.52%, 40.89% and 45.23%, respectively. The results of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) analysis confirmed that natural phenolic aldehydes conjugated with chitosan through dynamic imine bonds. The tensile strength and water barrier properties of the films were significantly better than those of the chitosan film. Film thermal stability was altered as a result of the grafting of natural phenolic aldehydes on chitosan. According to the ABTS and DPPH data, the blended films showed better antioxidant packaging performance.

在这项研究中，六种天然酚醛（即乙基香兰素（EV）、丁香醛（SA）、香兰素（VA）、异香兰素（ISA）、2-羟基-4-甲基苯甲醛（HDA）和对羟基苯甲醛（PHDA））与壳聚糖反应生成了希夫碱壳聚糖薄膜。所有复合物薄膜都通过仪器分析进行了表征。结果表明，CS-EV、CS-SA、CS-VA、CS-ISA、CS-HDA 和 CS-PHDA 的取代度分别为 73.48%、42.22%、58.04%、51.52%、40.89% 和 45.23%。X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析结果证实，天然酚醛通过动态亚胺键与壳聚糖共轭。薄膜的拉伸强度和水阻隔性能明显优于壳聚糖薄膜。在壳聚糖上接枝天然酚醛后，薄膜的热稳定性发生了变化。根据 ABTS 和 DPPH 数据，混合薄膜显示出更好的抗氧化包装性能。

引用次数: 0

Mechanism investigation on selective adsorption of fabric loaded with calcium silicate for organic dyes 硅酸钙负载织物对有机染料的选择性吸附机理研究

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/app.56253

Yulian Bai, Guozhi Jia

Selective adsorption plays an important role in the resource utilization of dye wastewater. Hydrated calcium silicate (CSH), as an ideal adsorption material, is successfully compounded on the surface of polypropylene (PP) fibric by quasi‐solid‐phase method, and porous calcium silicate film is formed on the surface of PP fabric. The contact angle of the surface of PP fibers is changed from 130.7° to 62.4° due to the hydrophilic characteristics of CSH and polyvinyl alcohol. The adsorption for dyes shows obvious selectivity, and the removal ratio for methylene blue can reach more than 90%, while there is almost no adsorption for methyl orange. The obvious selectivity can be attributed to the electrostatic interaction between CSH and dyes. CSH contains silicate anion chains, resulting in a large number of negatively charged sites distributed on the surface, which may be the main reason for the adsorption for cationic dyes through electrostatic interactions. The investigation of adsorption kinetics shows that the formation of coordination bonds between calcium silicate and methylene blue will also lead to further enhancement of adsorption capacity.

选择性吸附在染料废水资源化利用中发挥着重要作用。水合硅酸钙（CSH）作为一种理想的吸附材料，采用准固相法成功地复合在聚丙烯（PP）纤维表面，并在PP织物表面形成多孔硅酸钙膜。由于 CSH 和聚乙烯醇的亲水性，聚丙烯纤维表面的接触角从 130.7°变为 62.4°。对染料的吸附具有明显的选择性，对亚甲基蓝的去除率可达 90% 以上，而对甲基橙几乎没有吸附。这种明显的选择性可归因于 CSH 与染料之间的静电作用。CSH 中含有硅酸盐阴离子链，因此表面分布着大量带负电荷的位点，这可能是通过静电作用吸附阳离子染料的主要原因。对吸附动力学的研究表明，硅酸钙与亚甲基蓝之间形成配位键也会进一步提高吸附能力。

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引用次数: 0

Morphology and properties of carbon black‐filled thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) composites based on hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and thermoplastic polyester elastomer 基于氢化丙烯腈丁二烯橡胶和热塑性聚酯弹性体的炭黑填充热塑性硫化弹性体 (TPV) 复合材料的形态和性能

IF 3 3区化学 Q2 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/app.56251

Ziwen Cui, Yuanrong Jing, Lianxu Liu, Yingjun Liu, Aihua Du

The unique morphology of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) reveals a significant correlation between the microstructure and performance, and the development of high‐performance TPV composites for specialized applications has become a current research priority. This study is devoted to developing heat‐ and oil‐resistant TPV composites filled with carbon black (CB) based on hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) following the masterbatch procedure of dynamic vulcanization. Herein, it focuses on the effects of CB content on the morphology, filler network structure, and properties of the TPV/CB composites. As observed by morphological studies, CB nanoparticles are interconnected and aggregated to form a dual network structure of rubber and CB particles in the composite. With the increasing CB content, it's demonstrated that dual networks have enhanced and shifted to rigid. Consequently, the hardness, thermal stability, and oil resistance of TPV/CB composites are improved, with a 104% elevation in the stress at 300% strain. The flowability in the molten state, toughness (the elongation at break decreased from 690% to 310%), and elasticity deteriorated by oversized (0.5 ~ 1.2 μm) CB agglomerates and rigid rubber particles. This study gives new insight into the microstructure‐properties relationship of TPVs, offering theoretical guidance for fabricating HNBR‐based TPV composites.

热塑性硫化弹性体（TPVs）的独特形态揭示了其微观结构与性能之间的重要关联，因此开发高性能的热塑性硫化弹性体复合材料用于特殊应用已成为当前的研究重点。本研究致力于在氢化丙烯腈丁二烯橡胶（HNBR）和热塑性聚酯弹性体（TPEE）的基础上，按照动态硫化的母料程序，开发填充炭黑（CB）的耐热耐油热塑性硫化弹性体复合材料。本文重点研究了 CB 含量对 TPV/CB 复合材料形态、填料网络结构和性能的影响。通过形态学研究发现，CB 纳米粒子相互连接并聚集在一起，在复合材料中形成了橡胶和 CB 粒子的双重网络结构。随着 CB 含量的增加，双网络结构得到了增强，并转向刚性。因此，热塑性硫化弹性体/CB 复合材料的硬度、热稳定性和耐油性都得到了改善，300% 应变时的应力提高了 104%。而过大（0.5 ~ 1.2 μm）的 CB 团聚体和硬质橡胶颗粒则降低了熔融状态下的流动性、韧性（断裂伸长率从 690% 下降到 310%）和弹性。这项研究对热塑性硫化弹性体的微观结构-性能关系提出了新的见解，为制造基于 HNBR 的热塑性硫化弹性体复合材料提供了理论指导。

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