Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2020.1741231
Yonatan Glazer-Eytan, Mercedes García-Arenal
Scholars of interfaith tolerance and conflict in the pre-modern Mediterranean have largely overlooked the history of mixed marriage, that is, the binding union between men and women from different religious communities. Concentrating on pre-modern Iberia but looking as well at wider Mediterranean contexts, the collection of essays gathered here examines mixed marriage in relation to religious conversion and the family.
{"title":"Mixed marriage, conversion, and the family: norms and realities in pre-modern Iberia and the wider Mediterranean","authors":"Yonatan Glazer-Eytan, Mercedes García-Arenal","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2020.1741231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2020.1741231","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars of interfaith tolerance and conflict in the pre-modern Mediterranean have largely overlooked the history of mixed marriage, that is, the binding union between men and women from different religious communities. Concentrating on pre-modern Iberia but looking as well at wider Mediterranean contexts, the collection of essays gathered here examines mixed marriage in relation to religious conversion and the family.","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2020.1741231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44054033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2020.1739836
T. Buchanan
George Orwell once commented to Arthur Koestler, with the Spanish Civil War very much in mind, that “History stopped in 1936”. Orwell was thinking in particular of the triumph of propaganda and del...
{"title":"Spain 1936: year zero","authors":"T. Buchanan","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2020.1739836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2020.1739836","url":null,"abstract":"George Orwell once commented to Arthur Koestler, with the Spanish Civil War very much in mind, that “History stopped in 1936”. Orwell was thinking in particular of the triumph of propaganda and del...","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2020.1739836","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43601508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2020.1739837
Chiara Maria Mauro
War was “remarkably consistent” appears to rest on a downplaying of the very real fears that Churchill expressed in 1937/8 about the dangers of a Nationalist victory for Britain’s imperial interests. Britain also looms large in the background of Pedro Aires Oliveira’s chapter on Portugal, in which he notes that – for all his instinctive support for Franco and hostility to the Second Republic – Salazar was essentially a defender of the status quo, and saw the alliance with Britain as crucial to maintaining Portugal’s independence. By contrast, Spanish Falangists were far less judicious in their relationship with Nazism. Xosé M. Núñez Seixas’ chapter charts the rise of Germanophilia on the Spanish right throughout the 1930s, an admiration that reached its peak with Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. Even those who were not outright Fascists saw the Third Reich in 1940/41 as the key to not only defeating Communism but also to breaking the power of the old imperialist enemy – the United Kingdom. The book concentrates on the Civil War’s political and international ramifications and gives little coverage to its impact on intellectuals. However, a fascinating chapter by Silvina Schammah Gesser and Alexandra Chevela Dergacheva on the poet Rafael Alberti goes some way to making up for this omission. Alberti, working closely with his partner Maria Teresa León, emerged during the Civil War as a key defender of the Republic in intellectual circles, and was a strong supporter of the Soviet Union, which by that time was, of course, the Republic’s only substantial source of weapons. The chapter focuses on Alberti and León’s visit to Moscow in March 1937 and their two-hour meeting with Stalin who, according to León, looked “thin and sad”. No record of the meeting survives beyond an official communiqué in which Alberti gushed about Stalin’s kindness and deep interest in Spanish affairs. However, it seems likely that Alberti conducted some secret diplomacy during his visit, presumably encouraging the Soviets to send a delegation to the forthcoming International Congress of Antifascist Writers in Valencia. The authors point out that in later life Alberti (who lived until 1999) was rather successful at presenting himself as merely a naive “engagé”, infatuated with the Soviet Union, and reticent to confront the true extent of his “Soviet past and connections” in public. In this case, at least, it seems that history really had stopped in 1936.
{"title":"The inland seas: towards an ecohistory of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea","authors":"Chiara Maria Mauro","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2020.1739837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2020.1739837","url":null,"abstract":"War was “remarkably consistent” appears to rest on a downplaying of the very real fears that Churchill expressed in 1937/8 about the dangers of a Nationalist victory for Britain’s imperial interests. Britain also looms large in the background of Pedro Aires Oliveira’s chapter on Portugal, in which he notes that – for all his instinctive support for Franco and hostility to the Second Republic – Salazar was essentially a defender of the status quo, and saw the alliance with Britain as crucial to maintaining Portugal’s independence. By contrast, Spanish Falangists were far less judicious in their relationship with Nazism. Xosé M. Núñez Seixas’ chapter charts the rise of Germanophilia on the Spanish right throughout the 1930s, an admiration that reached its peak with Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. Even those who were not outright Fascists saw the Third Reich in 1940/41 as the key to not only defeating Communism but also to breaking the power of the old imperialist enemy – the United Kingdom. The book concentrates on the Civil War’s political and international ramifications and gives little coverage to its impact on intellectuals. However, a fascinating chapter by Silvina Schammah Gesser and Alexandra Chevela Dergacheva on the poet Rafael Alberti goes some way to making up for this omission. Alberti, working closely with his partner Maria Teresa León, emerged during the Civil War as a key defender of the Republic in intellectual circles, and was a strong supporter of the Soviet Union, which by that time was, of course, the Republic’s only substantial source of weapons. The chapter focuses on Alberti and León’s visit to Moscow in March 1937 and their two-hour meeting with Stalin who, according to León, looked “thin and sad”. No record of the meeting survives beyond an official communiqué in which Alberti gushed about Stalin’s kindness and deep interest in Spanish affairs. However, it seems likely that Alberti conducted some secret diplomacy during his visit, presumably encouraging the Soviets to send a delegation to the forthcoming International Congress of Antifascist Writers in Valencia. The authors point out that in later life Alberti (who lived until 1999) was rather successful at presenting himself as merely a naive “engagé”, infatuated with the Soviet Union, and reticent to confront the true extent of his “Soviet past and connections” in public. In this case, at least, it seems that history really had stopped in 1936.","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2020.1739837","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45939778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2019.1671010
Andrew D. Lambert
{"title":"The British Navy in the Mediterranean","authors":"Andrew D. Lambert","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2019.1671010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45490136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2019.1664524
C. Bonnet, M. Bianco, T. Galoppin, É. Guillon, Antoine Laurent, S. Lebreton, Fabio Porzia
Two recent books provide exceptionally stimulating insights on how space gives shape to religious representations. On the one hand, Mark S. Smith’s 2016 book Where the Gods Are: Spatial Dimensions of Anthropomorphism in the Biblical World focuses on the spatial dimension of the divine presence, as a crucial dimension of human experience. On the other hand, Robert Parker’s 2017 book Greek Gods Abroad: Names, Natures and Transformations, concentrates on the naming processes and their evolution in cross-cultural contexts. Both publications offer rich evidence on the interaction between naming and locating the gods. This paper, written by the team of the ERC project “Mapping Ancient Polytheisms”, is an attempt to extend and improve reflection on these topics, by offering a survey of the current research on mapping and naming the gods.
最近的两本书对空间如何塑造宗教表征提供了异常刺激的见解。一方面，马克·S·史密斯（Mark S.Smith）2016年出版的《众神在哪里：圣经世界中拟人化的空间维度》（Where the Gods Are:Spatial Dimensions of Anthropomorphism in the Biblical World）一书聚焦于神存在的空间维度，作为人类体验的一个关键维度。另一方面，罗伯特·帕克2017年出版的《海外希腊众神：名称、性质和转变》一书集中探讨了跨文化背景下的命名过程及其演变。这两份出版物都为命名和定位众神之间的相互作用提供了丰富的证据。本文由ERC项目“绘制古代多神教”的团队撰写，旨在通过对当前绘制和命名神的研究进行调查，来扩展和改进对这些主题的反思。
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Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2019.1671014
Dina Le Gall
{"title":"Caliphate redefined: the mystical turn in Ottoman political thought","authors":"Dina Le Gall","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2019.1671014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41353776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2019.1671008
Matei Candea
Fisher, “Livorno 1676: la città e il portofranco,” in La Toscana nell’età di Cosimo III, edited by Franco Angiolini, Vieri Becagli and Marcello Verga, 45–66 (Florence: Edifir, 1996); Andrea Addobbati, Commercio, rischio, guerra: il mercato delle assicurazioni marittime di Livorno (1694–1795) (Rome: Edizioni di storia e letteratura, 2007); Renato Ghezzi, Livorno e il mondo islamico nel XVII secolo: naviglio e commercio di importazione (Bari: Cacucci, 2007); idem., Livorno e l’Atlantico: i commerci olandesi nel Mediterraneo del Seicento (Bari: Cacucci, 2012); idem., “North Italian Ports and the Levant in the 16th and 17th Centuries,” in Maritime Networks as a Factor in European Integration 50 (Florence: Florence University Press, 2019), 485–505. 2. Filippini, “L’attività del porto di Livorno,” 133–70. 3. Frattarelli Fischer, “Livorno 1676,” 45–66. 4. Fernand Braudel and Ruggiero Romano, Navires et marchandises à l’entrée du port de Livourne (1547–1611) (Paris: A. Colin, 1951); Ghezzi, Livorno e il mondo islamico; idem, Livorno e l’Atlantico; Jean-Pierre Filippini, Il porto di Livorno e la Toscana (1676–1814). 3 vols. (Naples: Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 1998).
{"title":"The Mediterranean incarnate: region formation between Sicily and Tunisia since World War II","authors":"Matei Candea","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2019.1671008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671008","url":null,"abstract":"Fisher, “Livorno 1676: la città e il portofranco,” in La Toscana nell’età di Cosimo III, edited by Franco Angiolini, Vieri Becagli and Marcello Verga, 45–66 (Florence: Edifir, 1996); Andrea Addobbati, Commercio, rischio, guerra: il mercato delle assicurazioni marittime di Livorno (1694–1795) (Rome: Edizioni di storia e letteratura, 2007); Renato Ghezzi, Livorno e il mondo islamico nel XVII secolo: naviglio e commercio di importazione (Bari: Cacucci, 2007); idem., Livorno e l’Atlantico: i commerci olandesi nel Mediterraneo del Seicento (Bari: Cacucci, 2012); idem., “North Italian Ports and the Levant in the 16th and 17th Centuries,” in Maritime Networks as a Factor in European Integration 50 (Florence: Florence University Press, 2019), 485–505. 2. Filippini, “L’attività del porto di Livorno,” 133–70. 3. Frattarelli Fischer, “Livorno 1676,” 45–66. 4. Fernand Braudel and Ruggiero Romano, Navires et marchandises à l’entrée du port de Livourne (1547–1611) (Paris: A. Colin, 1951); Ghezzi, Livorno e il mondo islamico; idem, Livorno e l’Atlantico; Jean-Pierre Filippini, Il porto di Livorno e la Toscana (1676–1814). 3 vols. (Naples: Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 1998).","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41961245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2019.1671005
I. Hansen
{"title":"The archaeology of Mediterranean placemaking: Butrint and the global heritage industry","authors":"I. Hansen","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2019.1671005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43142989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2019.1671009
S. Henny
{"title":"The architecture of the Christian Holy Land: reception from Late Antiquity through the Renaissance; Natural materials of the Holy Land and the visual translation of place, 500–1500","authors":"S. Henny","doi":"10.1080/09518967.2019.1671009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18431,"journal":{"name":"Mediterranean Historical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09518967.2019.1671009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44022950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09518967.2019.1671006
P. Rousseau
through a discussion of the methodological and academic approaches adopted at Butrint in order to communicate the “magic” of place. That the Butrint Foundation incorporated archaeological and nature trails, site panels, an on-site museum, multilingual publications and website, reconstruction drawings and specialized photographs to capture the landscape of the site, as well as a community-run store on its archaeological and heritage management work, among the other extraordinary aspects of the project, there is no reason for Hodges to underplay this modestly. Each of these elements invites questions on how to communicate a new historical paradigm. For instance: How was the Butrint Foundation’s Mediterranean approach articulated in the site panels? How did their placement and the reconstruction drawings engage with the site? How did adapting a pre-existing visitor trail impact the narration of a new site history? To have included methodological considerations and academic strategies in heritage placemaking would have been entirely in keeping with the essential aim of the book. For its real strength – its core clarion call – is not simply that archaeologists/academics are frontline placemakers, but that they need to step up and assume this role, and to do so they must to learn to communicate better. In this Hodges is undoubtedly right: not because we need to be more articulate, or better at outreach, or able to create “experiences”, but because we need to learn to communicate the agency of place. How is it that a television programme like “Blue Planet” can become a catalyst for a global reduction in plastic waste, but archaeology on television is still dominated by personalities talking to the camera, or driven by a “new discovery” focus? The moment the agency of objects and places is foregrounded, we can free them from their role as passive illustration. If we can think about the agency of viewing, then we free their audiences – and hence our modern viewers – from their equally passive role as receiver. If we can communicate what happens at this activated intersection, then we stand a chance of creating an authentic “place” and enabling an equally authentic contemporary audience.
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