MethodsX最新文献_第2页

Defining a clinical protocol using a computerized central visual processing battery 使用计算机化中央视觉处理系统定义临床方案

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103789

Marcelo Fernandes Costa , Leonardo Dutra Henriques , Givago Silva Souza

This article presents the development and validation of a computerized clinical protocol for assessing Central Visual Processing (CVP). The protocol was designed to overcome limitations in current visual assessment tools by integrating sensory, perceptual, and cognitive visual functions within the dorsal and ventral processing streams. It comprises psychophysically controlled tasks measuring contrast sensitivity, texture perception, coherent motion, form integration, visual attention, reading-related eye movements, quantity estimation, and spatial-numerical mapping. Stimuli were developed using high-precision presentation software, and procedures were adapted to ensure both clinical feasibility and psychophysical validity.

Method validation was conducted with 41 healthy adults through test–retest analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, and Spearman–Brown split-half reliability. No significant differences were observed between first and second assessments (p > 0.05), and reliability indices showed strong internal consistency across subtests. These findings confirm the reproducibility and methodological robustness of the protocol.

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A comprehensive computerized battery assessing central visual functions across dorsal and ventral streams
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Psychophysical methods adapted for clinical precision and feasibility
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Strong reliability demonstrated through test–retest, internal consistency, and split-half correlations

本文介绍了一种评估中枢视觉处理（CVP）的计算机临床方案的发展和验证。该方案旨在通过在背侧和腹侧处理流中整合感觉、知觉和认知视觉功能来克服当前视觉评估工具的局限性。它包括测量对比敏感度、纹理感知、连贯运动、形式整合、视觉注意、阅读相关的眼球运动、数量估计和空间数字映射的心理物理控制任务。刺激使用高精度呈现软件开发，程序调整以确保临床可行性和心理物理有效性。采用重测分析、Cronbach’s alpha和Spearman-Brown分半信度对41名健康成人进行方法验证。第一次和第二次评估之间没有显著差异（p > 0.05），信度指标在子测试之间显示出很强的内部一致性。这些发现证实了该方案的可重复性和方法学稳健性。•全面的计算机化电池评估横跨背侧和腹侧流的中央视觉功能•适合临床精度和可行性的心理物理方法•通过测试重测，内部一致性和分裂半相关性证明了高可靠性

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引用次数: 0

The neurocultural remake reflex model: An interdisciplinary tool for understanding film remakes 神经文化重拍反射模型：理解电影重拍的跨学科工具

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103786

Marziya Begum, Akaitab Mukherjee

The Neurocultural Remake Reflex Model (NRRM) is an interdisciplinary qualitative and neuroscience-informed analytical method that integrates heuristic insights from intersubject correlation (ISC) literature, cultural memory theory and affect theory to make reception-centered, testable inferences about how remakes trigger recognition, emotion and reinterpretation. The six-steps involved in the framework, Attention Mapping, Cognitive Processing, Cultural Recall, Cultural Reframing, Emotional Resonance and Emotional Dissonanceare operationalized through systematic qualitative scene analysis rather than empirical neuroimaging. Most existing research on remakes has primarily focused on comparative textual analysis, often overlooking the neurocognitive and emotional aspects of audience reception. The NRRM addresses this gap by explaining how viewers attend to, interpret, remember, emotionally connect with, and sometimes resist or contest a remake’s narrative and aesthetic cues. The paper demonstrates the method through a scene-level application of two case studies to show how remakes function simultaneously as mnemonic devices and affective tools. In doing so, NRRM reveals how remakes preserve cultural legacies while generating new meanings, offering film scholars, media psychologists and cultural analysts a reproducible framework for tracing how remakes conserve, reframe or disrupt cultural memory and affective experience.

This study proposes a six-step systematic qualitative methodology for analyzing remakes.

By integrating cognitive and cultural approaches, it introduces an interdisciplinary framework for remake analysis.

This framework demonstrates how remakes function as neurocultural reflexes, triggering nostalgia through both resonance and disruption.

神经文化重拍反射模型（NRRM）是一种跨学科的定性和神经科学分析方法，它整合了主体间相关（ISC）文献、文化记忆理论和情感理论的启发式见解，对重拍如何触发识别、情感和重新解释做出以接受为中心的可测试推论。注意映射、认知加工、文化回忆、文化重构、情绪共鸣和情绪失调这六个步骤是通过系统的定性场景分析而不是经验神经成像来实现的。大多数关于翻拍的研究主要集中在比较文本分析上，往往忽视了观众接受的神经认知和情感方面。NRRM通过解释观众如何关注、解释、记忆、情感联系，有时抵制或质疑翻拍的叙事和美学线索，来解决这一差距。本文通过两个案例的场景级应用来演示该方法，以展示重塑如何同时作为助记工具和情感工具。在此过程中，NRRM揭示了翻拍电影是如何保存文化遗产的同时产生新的意义，为电影学者、媒体心理学家和文化分析师提供了一个可复制的框架，以追踪翻拍电影是如何保存、重构或破坏文化记忆和情感体验的。本研究提出一套六步制的系统定性分析方法。通过整合认知和文化方法，引入了一个跨学科的重塑分析框架。这个框架展示了重塑如何作为神经文化反射，通过共鸣和破坏触发怀旧。

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引用次数: 0

YOLO-AVCA-CBAMNet: Attention-driven framework for detection and classification of green pepper maturity stages YOLO-AVCA-CBAMNet：青椒成熟期检测与分类的注意驱动框架

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103784

Bipin Nair B J, Abrav Nanda K M, V Raghavendra

Accurate identification of pepper berry maturity is essential for ensuring optimal harvest timing and maintaining quality standards in spice production. This study proposes “YOLO-AVCA-CBAMNet” an integrated detection-and-classification framework designed to operate effectively under natural field conditions. A self-collected dataset of pepper berries, captured using a smartphone across diverse illumination settings and background complexities, forms the basis of the evaluation. The pipeline first applies YOLOv8 to detect individual berries within cluttered scenes. The extracted regions are then classified using convolutional neural networks enhanced with two complementary attention mechanisms. The Adaptive Visual Cortex Attention Module (AVCAM) strengthens global contextual weighting by adaptively recalibrating salient features, while the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) improves spatial and channel-specific discrimination through sequential attention refinement. This dual-attention design enables more reliable separation of visually similar maturity stages. Experimental results indicate accuracy gains of 5–9 % across all backbone architectures, with the DenseNet121-based configuration achieving a peak accuracy of 96.19 %. The findings demonstrate the potential of attention-driven models to support interpretable, efficient, and scalable maturity assessment solutions in precision agriculture.

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Developed an end-to-end framework “YOLO-AVCA-CBAMNet” integrating object detection and attention-driven classification for pepper maturity assessment in natural field conditions.
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Employed a field-derived image dataset of pepper berries collected under naturally varying illumination and environmental conditions, thereby supporting the ecological validity and practical relevance of the proposed maturity assessment approach.
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Incorporated complementary attention mechanisms—AVCAM to enhance global contextual representation and CBAM to refine spatial and channel-specific feature responses—thereby improving discrimination among visually similar maturity stages.

在香料生产中，准确识别胡椒浆果成熟度对于确保最佳采收时机和保持质量标准至关重要。本研究提出了“YOLO-AVCA-CBAMNet”，这是一个集成的检测和分类框架，旨在有效地在自然野外条件下运行。使用智能手机在不同的照明设置和复杂的背景下拍摄辣椒浆果的自我收集数据集，形成了评估的基础。流水线首先应用YOLOv8来检测杂乱场景中的单个浆果。然后使用卷积神经网络对提取的区域进行分类，卷积神经网络增强了两种互补的注意机制。自适应视觉皮层注意模块（AVCAM）通过自适应重新校准显著特征来增强全局上下文权重，而卷积块注意模块（CBAM）通过顺序注意细化来提高空间和通道特异性区分。这种双重注意设计使视觉上相似的成熟阶段的分离更加可靠。实验结果表明，在所有主干架构中，准确率提高了5 - 9%，其中基于densenet121的配置达到了96.19%的峰值准确率。研究结果表明，注意力驱动模型在支持精准农业中可解释、高效和可扩展的成熟度评估解决方案方面具有潜力。•开发了一个端到端框架“YOLO-AVCA-CBAMNet”，集成了目标检测和注意力驱动分类，用于自然田间条件下的辣椒成熟度评估。•采用在自然变化的光照和环境条件下采集的辣椒浆果的现场衍生图像数据集，从而支持所提出的成熟度评估方法的生态有效性和实际相关性。•整合互补注意机制——avcam增强全局上下文表示，CBAM细化空间和渠道特定特征反应——从而提高视觉相似成熟阶段之间的辨别能力。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated methodology for correlating dynamic parameters with wheel wear progression in a scaled railway system 铁路系统动态参数与车轮磨损过程关联的综合方法

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103793

Tania Elizabeth Sandoval-Valencia , Gerardo Hurtado-Hurtado , Luis Morales-Velázquez , Dante Ruiz-Robles , Juan Carlos Jáuregui-Correa

Railway wheel wear poses major safety and maintenance challenges, yet accurate predictive models are limited by a lack of synchronized dynamic and wear data from scaled systems. This article presents an integrated methodology to generate a correlative dataset of dynamic parameters and wear progression on the wheels of a 1:20 scale railway system. The experimental approach combines synchronized multisensor data acquisition with sequential microscopic imaging under controlled operating conditions, specifically during braking maneuvers at track transitions. The resulting publicly available dataset enables direct analysis of how operational factors influence physical degradation.

Integration of synchronized sensor data with sequential microscopic imaging to correlate dynamics and wear progression.

Controlled factorial experimental design varying speed and braking zones to ensure reproducible testing conditions.

Publicly available dataset supporting model calibration, predictive algorithm development, and defect quantification for railway maintenance applications.

铁路车轮磨损给安全和维护带来了重大挑战，但由于缺乏同步动态和规模化系统的磨损数据，准确的预测模型受到限制。本文提出了一种综合方法来生成1:20比例铁路系统车轮动态参数和磨损进展的相关数据集。实验方法将同步多传感器数据采集与受控操作条件下的连续显微成像相结合，特别是在轨道转换的制动机动期间。由此产生的公开可用数据集可以直接分析操作因素如何影响物理退化。集成同步传感器数据与顺序显微成像，以关联动力学和磨损进程。控制因子实验设计不同的速度和制动区域，以确保试验条件的可重复性。公开可用的数据集，支持模型校准、预测算法开发和铁路维修应用的缺陷量化。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a rapid and modified total RNA extraction method from polyphenolic-rich Gossypium hirsutum 富多酚棉总RNA快速改良提取方法的建立

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103792

Ambreen Gul , Abdul Qayyum Rao , Allah Bakhsh

RNA extraction from polyphenolic-rich plants poses significant challenges, demanding precise sample handling and rigorous experimental conditions to ensure high yield and quality of the RNA. Numerous kits are available for RNA extraction from various sources, however extracting RNA from phenolic-rich plants requires special attention. On the other hand, manual extraction methods are time-consuming and involve harsh chemicals (LiCl, phenol, guanidine thiocyanate). To address this issue, we have improvised and compared three strategies for RNA extraction. We found that CTAB-based extraction buffer produces high-quality RNA from cotton, followed by ammonium acetate purification, within two hours. Column purification (DirectZol RNA purification kit) followed by CTAB extraction step not only accelerates the RNA purification process (∼30 min) but produces high-quality RNA suitable for various downstream applications such as real-time quantitative PCR, sequencing, and RNA library preparation. The RNA yield ranged between 80-100µg/100mg for CTAB-ammonium acetate as compared to up to 12µg/100mg for guanidium thiocyanate-ammonium acetate-based extraction from cotyledonary leaves of cotton. RNA purification from mature cotton leaves was unsuccessful with guanidinium thiocyanate. The downstream applications like qPCR and the sequencing results depicted the contaminant-free RNA from phenolic-rich mature cotton leaves.

The modified method is rapid and could be completed within 2 hours for completely manual procedure

For extra fast purification CTAB-buffer extraction can be combined with RNA purification kit (∼30-40 min)

The modified method yields high quality and phenol-free RNA for downstream applications like real time quantitative PCR, sequencing, and RNA library preparation.

从富含多酚的植物中提取RNA面临着巨大的挑战，需要精确的样品处理和严格的实验条件，以确保RNA的高产率和质量。有许多试剂盒可用于从各种来源提取RNA，但是从富含酚的植物中提取RNA需要特别注意。另一方面，人工提取方法耗时且涉及刺激性化学物质（LiCl，苯酚，胍硫氰酸酯）。为了解决这个问题，我们即兴创作并比较了三种RNA提取策略。我们发现基于ctab的提取缓冲液在两小时内从棉花中提取出高质量的RNA，然后进行醋酸铵纯化。柱纯化（DirectZol RNA纯化试剂盒），然后是CTAB提取步骤，不仅加快了RNA纯化过程（~ 30分钟），而且产生高质量的RNA，适用于各种下游应用，如实时定量PCR，测序和RNA文库制备。ctab -乙酸铵提取的RNA产率在80-100µg/100mg之间，而以硫氰酸胍-乙酸铵为基础的棉花子叶提取的RNA产率高达12µg/100mg。硫氰酸胍对成熟棉花叶片的RNA纯化不成功。下游应用如qPCR和测序结果描绘了来自富含酚的成熟棉花叶片的无污染RNA。改进后的方法快速，可在2小时内完成，完全手动操作。对于额外的快速纯化，ctab缓冲液提取可与RNA纯化试剂盒结合使用（~ 30-40分钟）。改进后的方法可产生高质量的无酚RNA，用于下游应用，如实时定量PCR，测序和RNA文库制备。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive methodology for evaluating the immobility responses in laboratory animals 评价实验动物不动反应的综合方法

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103788

M. Alejandra Estrada-Silva , Javier Cruz-Rodríguez , Gabriela Silva-Luna , Jimena N. Torres-Mendoza , Enrique Luna-Tenorio , Nabil I. Luna-Viramontes , Iris Dalia Vázquez-Vargas , Brenda Granados-Rivas , José Luna-Muñoz , Gonzalo Flores , Linda Garcés Ramírez , Fidel De la Cruz-López

From an evolutionary perspective, all organisms have two purposes: self-preservation and reproduction, in which immobility responses (IR) are implicated, these are ancestral survival strategies used to avoid serious injury or death. Immobility responses are adaptive reactions present in many species across virtually the entire phylogenetic spectrum, characterized by behavioral arrest and reduced responsiveness, serving evolutionary roles in prey–predator, mating, and offspring-carrying contexts. Several brain structures—including the brainstem, limbic system, striatum, and cortex—modulate IR by integrating fear, motor, and sensory processes; moreover, distinct drugs such as antipsychotics and morphine can induce IR through monoaminergic and endorphinic pathways. Immobility responses have been referred to by various terms, including animal hypnosis, catalepsy, catatonia, cataplexy, death feigning, and dorsal immobility, among others. The most commonly employed laboratory methods for inducing and replicating immobility responses are described herein. Experimental animal models reported in this work (frog, iguana, duck, rabbit, and rat) reproduce IR under controlled conditions, providing valuable insights into motor inhibition, defensive behaviors, and catatonic states.

从进化的角度来看，所有生物都有两个目的：自我保护和繁殖，其中涉及不动反应（IR），这些是祖先用来避免严重伤害或死亡的生存策略。静止反应是一种适应性反应，存在于许多物种的整个系统发育谱系中，其特征是行为停滞和反应能力降低，在捕食、交配和后代携带环境中起着进化作用。一些大脑结构——包括脑干、边缘系统、纹状体和皮层——通过整合恐惧、运动和感觉过程来调节IR；此外，抗精神病药和吗啡等不同的药物可以通过单胺能和内啡肽途径诱导IR。静止反应有不同的术语，包括动物催眠、猝倒、紧张症、猝倒、假死和背侧不动等。本文描述了用于诱导和复制不动反应的最常用的实验室方法。本研究中报道的实验动物模型（青蛙、鬣蜥、鸭子、兔子和大鼠）在受控条件下复制IR，为运动抑制、防御行为和紧张状态提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Ventral skull based approach to whole-brain extraction in mice 基于腹侧颅骨的小鼠全脑提取方法

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103787

Alexandra N. Buntin-Nakamura, Daniel Quintana

Head fixation combined with cranial window, GRIN lens, or prism implantation are common techniques in systems neuroscience for real-time imaging of neural activity. A critical step in these experiments is the removal of these implants and subsequent histological processing to assess tissue integrity and verify opsin expression. However, removing implants from the dorsal surface of the skull often causes traumatic damage to the underlying cortex. This study introduces a novel technique for intact brain excision that removes dorsal implants while preserving cortical integrity. Instead of the conventional dorsal approach, which often risks cortical damage, the skull is resected from the ventral side, allowing the implant to remain in place for post-mortem analysis.

This approach:

•
Enables dorsal implants to remain embedded in the brain during fixation.
•
Improves reproducibility by standardizing the extraction method, reducing variability introduced by traditional dorsal implant removal.
•
Preserves tissue integrity that would otherwise be compromised by removing the implant from fresh brain tissue.

头部固定联合颅窗、GRIN透镜或棱镜植入是系统神经科学中用于神经活动实时成像的常用技术。这些实验的关键步骤是移除这些植入物并随后进行组织学处理以评估组织完整性并验证视蛋白表达。然而，从颅骨背表面移除植入物通常会对底层皮层造成创伤性损伤。本研究介绍了一种新的完整脑切除技术，在保留皮层完整性的同时去除背侧植入物。传统的背侧入路往往有损伤大脑皮层的风险，而从腹侧切除颅骨，使植入物留在原位，以供死后分析。这种方法：•使背侧植入物在固定期间保持嵌入大脑。•通过标准化提取方法提高再现性，减少传统背侧植入物移除带来的可变性。•保留组织完整性，否则从新鲜脑组织中移除植入物会损害组织完整性。

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引用次数: 0

A standardized drone-based protocol for monitoring freshwater turtles 一个标准化的无人机监控淡水海龟的协议

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103791

Lauren Dobie, Gabriel Blouin-Demers

Basking is an essential thermoregulatory behaviour for freshwater turtles, but accurately estimating basking duration is challenging due to the limitations of traditional survey methods. Traditional methods afford lower detection probabilities, are often disruptive, and lack precision due to infrequent sampling. To address these limitations, we developed a high-frequency drone-based monitoring method that records repeated, minimally invasive video surveys of individually marked painted turtles (Chrysemys picta). The method involves three main elements:

•
Programming an autonomous drone route at fixed, short intervals covering the entire study area
•
Recording drone videos to document turtles basking without altering their behaviour
•
Manually reviewing video footage to quantify basking occurrence and duration

We implemented this method at a wetland on the Kenauk property in Montebello, Québec, Canada. We monitored 62 painted turtles from June to September 2025. A DJI Mini 4 Pro drone performed an autonomous survey of the wetland every 20 min, producing 423 surveys and 127 h of video over 13 days. Flight initiation distance trials confirmed that surveys conducted at an altitude of 15 m did not initiate escape responses in painted turtles. Drone surveys allow for quantification of individual basking behaviour with unprecedented frequency and without being invasive.

日光浴是淡水龟必不可少的体温调节行为，但由于传统调查方法的局限性，准确估计日光浴持续时间具有挑战性。传统方法的检测概率较低，往往具有破坏性，并且由于采样频率不高而缺乏精度。为了解决这些限制，我们开发了一种基于无人机的高频监测方法，该方法可以重复记录对单独标记的彩龟（Chrysemys picta）的微创视频调查。该方法包括三个主要要素：•以固定的、短的间隔覆盖整个研究区域的自动无人机路线编程•在不改变其行为的情况下录制无人机视频以记录海龟的晒太阳行为•手动查看视频片段以量化晒太阳的发生和持续时间。我们在加拿大quacimenbec Montebello的Kenauk地产的湿地实施了这种方法。我们从2025年6月到9月监测了62只彩龟。一架DJI Mini 4 Pro无人机每20分钟对湿地进行一次自主调查，在13天内制作了423次调查和127小时的视频。飞行起始距离试验证实，在15米高度进行的调查并没有启动彩龟的逃跑反应。无人机调查可以以前所未有的频率量化个体的晒日光浴行为，而且没有侵入性。

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引用次数: 0

Updated method to incorporate soil nutrient heterogeneity caused by urine excretion into a process-based simulation model 将尿液排泄引起的土壤养分异质性纳入基于过程的模拟模型的更新方法

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103790

Val Snow , Dean Holzworth , Rogerio Cichota , Olle Hartvigson

Pasture production and nutrient cycling through grazed pastures are inherently difficult to model with process-based simulation models. This arises because the urine depositions from grazing livestock create extreme heterogeneity in soil nutrient concentrations and dynamics. They result in relatively small patches of soil with very high mineral nitrogen (N) concentrations with the remainder of the soil with low N concentrations. These variations are such that simply averaging over them will somewhat overestimate pasture production and vastly underestimate environmental losses such as N leaching and greenhouse gas emissions. Explicit representation of the heterogeneity will allow correct simulation of environmental losses, but this comes at the expense of long runtimes in simulations – runtimes that can make the model intractable to use. Here we outline an update to an existing method that preserves the most important part of the heterogeneity while still allowing tractable runtimes for simulations. While we applied this method to grazed pasture systems, it could be extended to other sources of heterogeneity such as spatially variable fertiliser management.

A method to model non-uniform applications of nutrients to soils in simulation models

Captures the major implications of the non-uniformity on soil and plant processes

The method is computationally efficient resulting in tractable simulations

牧草生产和放牧草场的养分循环本质上难以用基于过程的模拟模型进行建模。这是因为放牧牲畜的尿液沉积造成了土壤养分浓度和动态的极端异质性。它们导致相对小块的土壤具有非常高的矿质氮(N)浓度，而其余土壤具有低氮浓度。这些变化是如此之大，以至于简单地对它们进行平均会在某种程度上高估牧场产量，而大大低估环境损失，如氮淋溶和温室气体排放。异构的显式表示将允许对环境损失进行正确的模拟，但这是以模拟中的长运行时间为代价的——运行时间可能使模型难以使用。在这里，我们概述了对现有方法的更新，该方法保留了异构性的最重要部分，同时仍然允许可处理的模拟运行时。虽然我们将这种方法应用于放牧牧场系统，但它可以扩展到其他异质性来源，如空间可变的肥料管理。一种在模拟模型中模拟养分对土壤的非均匀应用的方法捕获了土壤和植物过程中非均匀性的主要含义。该方法计算效率高，可进行易于处理的模拟

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引用次数: 0

USE-SVI: A reproducible pipeline for sampling, acquiring, and stitching Street View imagery to support urban analytics USE-SVI：用于采样、获取和拼接街景图像的可复制管道，以支持城市分析

IF 1.9 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

MethodsX

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2026.103785

Iuria Betco , Cláudia M. Viana , Jorge Rocha

Street-level imagery (SLI) is increasingly used in urban analytics for tasks like estimating greenery, conducting transport audits, and assessing facades. However, inconsistent image quality, uneven spatial coverage, and non-standardized acquisition methods limit reproducibility. We introduce USE-SVI (Urban Sampling & Extraction of Street View Imagery), a reproducible process to sample, acquire, and stitch street-view images for city-wide analysis. The protocol ensures regular spatial coverage sampling points at fixed intervals, generates four viewing directions per point to capture main views, acquires images through official Street View APIs or open-licence platforms (e.g., Mapillary or KartaView) with detailed metadata recording, and creates panoramas using OpenCV (e.g., ORB keypoints, FLANN matching, Stitcher). This approach produces evenly spaced images, clear provenance, and ready-to-use outputs (CSV, PNG, XLSX), supporting machine learning and visual checks. By standardizing key steps, sampling, acquisition, and stitching, USE-SVI enhances transparency and scalability, adheres to platform terms, and enables replication across cities and periods. Limitations involve variable provider coverage and occasional stitching failures in scenes with few features.

街道级图像（SLI）越来越多地用于城市分析任务，如评估绿化、进行运输审计和评估立面。然而，不一致的图像质量、不均匀的空间覆盖和非标准化的采集方法限制了再现性。我们介绍了USE-SVI（城市街景图像采样和提取），这是一个可重复的过程，可以对街景图像进行采样、获取和拼接，用于全市范围的分析。该协议确保以固定间隔定期覆盖空间采样点，每个点生成四个观看方向以捕获主视图，通过官方街景api或开放许可平台（例如Mapillary或KartaView）获取图像，并进行详细的元数据记录，并使用OpenCV（例如ORB关键点，FLANN匹配，Stitcher）创建全景图。这种方法产生均匀间隔的图像、清晰的来源和随时可用的输出（CSV、PNG、XLSX），支持机器学习和视觉检查。通过标准化关键步骤、采样、采集和拼接，USE-SVI增强了透明度和可扩展性，遵守平台条款，并支持跨城市和时期的复制。限制包括可变的提供者覆盖范围和偶尔的拼接失败，在场景很少的功能。

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引用次数: 0