Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3578
Francisco Patiño Cardona, Antonio Rocavallmajor, M. U. F. Guerrero, M. Pérez, J. C. J. Tapia, I. R. Domínguez, O. Vasallo
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION AND STOICHIOMETRY OF THE CYANIDATION REACTION IN NaOH OF ARGENTIAN WASTE TAILINGS OF PACHUCA, HIDALGO, MÉXICO","authors":"Francisco Patiño Cardona, Antonio Rocavallmajor, M. U. F. Guerrero, M. Pérez, J. C. J. Tapia, I. R. Domínguez, O. Vasallo","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3578","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87062838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3614
N. Taşkin, S. Genç
In this study, manufacturing of functionally graded ceramic reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials (FG-Al-MMC) by using direct semi-solid stirring and sequential squeeze casting method has been investigated. As a matrix material Al-7075 and as a reinforcement material SiC ceramic particles have been chosen for composite materials of FGM layers. Aluminum composite mixtures with different reinforcement ratios have been prepared by mechanically mixing SiCp reinforcements into semi-solid aluminum alloy and, FG-Al-MMC’s have been produced by pouring the composite mixtures into a mold on top of each other in liquid form where each layer has been solidified under pressure. The partial melting of the previous layer due to the added liquid layer and the applied pressure cause bonding between layers with a transition region. This process has been repeated sequentially until a structure with the desired thickness and features were obtained. The structure formed between the layers with this manufacturing method was investigated by taking samples from different layers and transition regions of FG-Al-MMC. Density analyses, spectrometric analyses and optical analyses were carried out to determine the properties of FG-Al-MMC material. As a result, it is observed that successful production of functionally graded aluminum composite materials by the direct semi-solid stirring and sequential squeeze casting methods is possible.
{"title":"PRODUCTION OF FG-Al-MMC BY SEMI-SOLID STIRRING AND SEQUENTIAL SQUEEZE CASTING METHODS","authors":"N. Taşkin, S. Genç","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3614","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, manufacturing of functionally graded ceramic reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials (FG-Al-MMC) by using direct semi-solid stirring and sequential squeeze casting method has been investigated. As a matrix material Al-7075 and as a reinforcement material SiC ceramic particles have been chosen for composite materials of FGM layers. Aluminum composite mixtures with different reinforcement ratios have been prepared by mechanically mixing SiCp reinforcements into semi-solid aluminum alloy and, FG-Al-MMC’s have been produced by pouring the composite mixtures into a mold on top of each other in liquid form where each layer has been solidified under pressure. The partial melting of the previous layer due to the added liquid layer and the applied pressure cause bonding between layers with a transition region. This process has been repeated sequentially until a structure with the desired thickness and features were obtained. The structure formed between the layers with this manufacturing method was investigated by taking samples from different layers and transition regions of FG-Al-MMC. Density analyses, spectrometric analyses and optical analyses were carried out to determine the properties of FG-Al-MMC material. As a result, it is observed that successful production of functionally graded aluminum composite materials by the direct semi-solid stirring and sequential squeeze casting methods is possible.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91460020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3446
Ehsaan-Reza Bagherian
Metal casting is one of the most important manufacturing process technologies and is defined as a process in which molten or liquid metal is poured into a mould. Today, metal casting components are found in over 90 percent of manufactured goods and equipment, from critical component for aircraft and automotive industries to home applications as well as construction machineries. In a high competitive market, the productivity improvement is very important. The main aim of this work is to study the productivity improvement in Kuwait Steel Company using ergonomics factors such as noise and temperature. It is concluded that by considering the ergonomics the quality of products has improved and the productivity increased. It was found that, the productivity improved by 0.45 % for controlling the temperature and 0.80 % by controlling the noises.
{"title":"Improvement of Productivity in Kuwait Steel Using Ergonomics Parameters by Controlling the Noise and Temperature","authors":"Ehsaan-Reza Bagherian","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3446","url":null,"abstract":"Metal casting is one of the most important manufacturing process technologies and is defined as a process in which molten or liquid metal is poured into a mould. Today, metal casting components are found in over 90 percent of manufactured goods and equipment, from critical component for aircraft and automotive industries to home applications as well as construction machineries. In a high competitive market, the productivity improvement is very important. The main aim of this work is to study the productivity improvement in Kuwait Steel Company using ergonomics factors such as noise and temperature. It is concluded that by considering the ergonomics the quality of products has improved and the productivity increased. It was found that, the productivity improved by 0.45 % for controlling the temperature and 0.80 % by controlling the noises.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89556161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3595
B. Křivská, M. Šlapáková, O. Grydin, M. Cieslar
Both steel and aluminum alloys rank among the most important structural materials due to their suitable properties in various applications and low material cost. Bonding of such dissimilar materials and formation of a composite material can lead to an effective combination of steel high strength and aluminum low density and corrosion resistance. Fabrication of aluminum-steel clad material by twin-roll casting leads to preparation of composite material whose properties are governed by the microstructure of intermetallic layer between aluminum and steel. Such layer formed after annealing at 500 °C for 16 hours by diffusion of iron atoms into aluminum.
{"title":"Aluminum-steel clad material prepared by twin-roll casting","authors":"B. Křivská, M. Šlapáková, O. Grydin, M. Cieslar","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3595","url":null,"abstract":"Both steel and aluminum alloys rank among the most important structural materials due to their suitable properties in various applications and low material cost. Bonding of such dissimilar materials and formation of a composite material can lead to an effective combination of steel high strength and aluminum low density and corrosion resistance. Fabrication of aluminum-steel clad material by twin-roll casting leads to preparation of composite material whose properties are governed by the microstructure of intermetallic layer between aluminum and steel. Such layer formed after annealing at 500 °C for 16 hours by diffusion of iron atoms into aluminum.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77396611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3597
M. Paukov, L. Ivanov, I. Tereshina, E. Tereshina-Chitrova, D. Gorbunov, A. Andreev, A. Pyatakov, S. Granovsky, M. Doerr, H. Drulis
The fundamental magnetic characteristics of R 2 Fe 14 B intermetallics are highly sensitive to atomic substitutions and interstitial absorption of light elements. In this work, both were combined, and the influence of the substitutions in the R-sublattice and hydrogen absorption on the magnetization of (RR’) 2 Fe 14 BH x (R is Tm or Er, and R’ is Nd) in magnetic fields up to 58T was studied. (Tm 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B and (Er 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B were prepared. By using direct hydrogen absorption, (R 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 BH x compounds were obtained with hydrogen content Magnetic measurements of both the parent alloys and their hydrides were carried out on nanopowders. The strength of the inter-sublattice coupling in (Tm 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B, (Er 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B and their hydrides is estimated by analysing high-field magnetization data. Itis shown that hydrogenation weakens the inter-sublattice exchange interaction up to 45 %. (Tm 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B, with the maximum hydrogen content of 5.5 at.H/f.u., reaches the field-induced ferromagnetic state at about 55 T.
{"title":"Nanopowders of R2Fe14B-type compounds in high magnetic fields: The effects of substitutional and interstitial atoms on inter-sublattice exchange interaction","authors":"M. Paukov, L. Ivanov, I. Tereshina, E. Tereshina-Chitrova, D. Gorbunov, A. Andreev, A. Pyatakov, S. Granovsky, M. Doerr, H. Drulis","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3597","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental magnetic characteristics of R 2 Fe 14 B intermetallics are highly sensitive to atomic substitutions and interstitial absorption of light elements. In this work, both were combined, and the influence of the substitutions in the R-sublattice and hydrogen absorption on the magnetization of (RR’) 2 Fe 14 BH x (R is Tm or Er, and R’ is Nd) in magnetic fields up to 58T was studied. (Tm 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B and (Er 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B were prepared. By using direct hydrogen absorption, (R 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 BH x compounds were obtained with hydrogen content Magnetic measurements of both the parent alloys and their hydrides were carried out on nanopowders. The strength of the inter-sublattice coupling in (Tm 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B, (Er 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B and their hydrides is estimated by analysing high-field magnetization data. Itis shown that hydrogenation weakens the inter-sublattice exchange interaction up to 45 %. (Tm 0.5 Nd 0.5 ) 2 Fe 14 B, with the maximum hydrogen content of 5.5 at.H/f.u., reaches the field-induced ferromagnetic state at about 55 T.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77957455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3617
Yurii Hryhorovych Kobrin, A. Vlasov, I. Shevchenko
The paper considers and presents such factors and parameters affecting the crushing of intermetalides in hammer crushers as – imbalance and balance of the rotor. The structural and technological factors of impact crushing equipment are analyzed. These factors affect not only the energy performance of grinding, but can also lead to increased wear of parts and components of the hammer crusher. Methods of improvement by prompt and timely balancing of the rotor in a hammer mill and on a balancing stand are proposed. Research objective: crushing of intermetalides and modeling of the operation of hammer crushers, namely: the destruction of crushed materials and operating conditions with and without vibration due to an unbalanced rotor and a balanced rotor in order to understand how much this affects the performance of hammer crushers and energy loss. It is also necessary for the initial assessment and selection of design and technological parameters for: design, operation and repair of impact crushing equipment – in order to optimize the cost of electric energy for the design of new hammer crushers and those in operation, as well as to increase the time without repairs all crusher parts. With balancing, it was possible to balance the rotor. After conducting research at the laboratory facility, the percentage ratio of the negative influence of the construction factor was determined, which is from 8% to 15% of the energy overrun, namely, the rotor imbalance.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF ROTOR BALANCE DURING CRUSHING OF INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS IN HAMMER CRUSHERS","authors":"Yurii Hryhorovych Kobrin, A. Vlasov, I. Shevchenko","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3617","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers and presents such factors and parameters affecting the crushing of intermetalides in hammer crushers as – imbalance and balance of the rotor. The structural and technological factors of impact crushing equipment are analyzed. These factors affect not only the energy performance of grinding, but can also lead to increased wear of parts and components of the hammer crusher. Methods of improvement by prompt and timely balancing of the rotor in a hammer mill and on a balancing stand are proposed. Research objective: crushing of intermetalides and modeling of the operation of hammer crushers, namely: the destruction of crushed materials and operating conditions with and without vibration due to an unbalanced rotor and a balanced rotor in order to understand how much this affects the performance of hammer crushers and energy loss. It is also necessary for the initial assessment and selection of design and technological parameters for: design, operation and repair of impact crushing equipment – in order to optimize the cost of electric energy for the design of new hammer crushers and those in operation, as well as to increase the time without repairs all crusher parts. With balancing, it was possible to balance the rotor. After conducting research at the laboratory facility, the percentage ratio of the negative influence of the construction factor was determined, which is from 8% to 15% of the energy overrun, namely, the rotor imbalance.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89889209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3620
G. Patronov, I. Kostova, D. Tonchev
The use of rare earth metals as dopant components in oxide glasses is a new research field of inorganic optical functional materials due to the simple preparation process, stable chemical properties and high thermal stability. This study supplements and summarized results we have obtained in recent years. The focus is on samarium doped zinc oxide-rich borophosphate glasses. The obtained glasses were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence analysis. The synthesized Sm-doped borophosphates are predominantly homogeneous and non-hygroscopic. They are mainly amorphous with the presence of one or more crystalline phases in some of them Zn3(BO3)(PO4), Zn5B4O11, SmPO4 and ZnO. They have the typical structure of borophosphate glasses the presence of PO4 tetrahedra and BO4 tetrahedra. The Sm-doped ZnO-rich borophosphate glasses have a potential for practical application in optical devices for engineering, electronics and medicine.
{"title":"Influence of Samarium doping on zinc borophosphate glasses","authors":"G. Patronov, I. Kostova, D. Tonchev","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3620","url":null,"abstract":"The use of rare earth metals as dopant components in oxide glasses is a new research field of inorganic optical functional materials due to the simple preparation process, stable chemical properties and high thermal stability. This study supplements and summarized results we have obtained in recent years. The focus is on samarium doped zinc oxide-rich borophosphate glasses. The obtained glasses were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence analysis. The synthesized Sm-doped borophosphates are predominantly homogeneous and non-hygroscopic. They are mainly amorphous with the presence of one or more crystalline phases in some of them Zn3(BO3)(PO4), Zn5B4O11, SmPO4 and ZnO. They have the typical structure of borophosphate glasses the presence of PO4 tetrahedra and BO4 tetrahedra. The Sm-doped ZnO-rich borophosphate glasses have a potential for practical application in optical devices for engineering, electronics and medicine.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72602972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3447
R. Pyszko, Miroslav Příhoda, Mario Machů, Z. Franěk
Numerical models of solidification and cooling of continuously cast billets or blooms are used both in research and in operational conditions to predict solid shell thickness, metallurgical length, solidification rate etc. The numerical model must be verified according to real values of quantities. Although several different quantities can be used to verify the model, most often the models are verified by comparing the calculated and measured surface temperatures of the strand in the secondary and tertiary cooling zones. The casting process is influenced by a number of known and hidden parameters, often time-varying, which are reflected in the measured surface temperatures, but which cannot be incorporated into the model due to a lack of information to define the exact boundary conditions. For the purposes of model verification, it is therefore necessary to revise the measured data. It is not enough to use only mathematical methods to process data without knowledge of the casting process, because uncertainties and temperature fluctuations have different and often difficult to detect causes. The article deals with sources of temperature uncertainties and fluctuations and methods of extraction of relevant values from measured signals.
{"title":"DATA PROCESSING OF MEASURED SURFACE TEMPERATURES OF CONTINUOUSLY CAST BILLETS and blooms TO VERIFY THE NUMERICAL SOLIDIFICATION MODEL","authors":"R. Pyszko, Miroslav Příhoda, Mario Machů, Z. Franěk","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3447","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical models of solidification and cooling of continuously cast billets or blooms are used both in research and in operational conditions to predict solid shell thickness, metallurgical length, solidification rate etc. The numerical model must be verified according to real values of quantities. Although several different quantities can be used to verify the model, most often the models are verified by comparing the calculated and measured surface temperatures of the strand in the secondary and tertiary cooling zones. The casting process is influenced by a number of known and hidden parameters, often time-varying, which are reflected in the measured surface temperatures, but which cannot be incorporated into the model due to a lack of information to define the exact boundary conditions. For the purposes of model verification, it is therefore necessary to revise the measured data. It is not enough to use only mathematical methods to process data without knowledge of the casting process, because uncertainties and temperature fluctuations have different and often difficult to detect causes. The article deals with sources of temperature uncertainties and fluctuations and methods of extraction of relevant values from measured signals.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75001897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3531
M. Matuszewski, R. Koňar, Daniel Harmaniak, A. Zaborski
In the paper, the methods for determining heat affected zones during arc weld surfacing is presented. For this purpose, numerical simulations of the temperature field were performed using the Ansys and Sysweld programs based on the finite element method. The Goldak heat source model was used in the computations. Based on the maximum temperature values, the characteristic heat affected zones (remelting zone, fusion line, austenitization zone) have been determined. The results of calculations were compared with the boundaries of individual zones determined by the analytical method using a double volumetric Gaussian-parabolic heat source model and obtained experimentally. Finally, the possibility of mapping the fusion line was assessed using particular heat source methods, programs and models.
{"title":"Computational methods of heat affected zone determination during Arc Weld surfacing","authors":"M. Matuszewski, R. Koňar, Daniel Harmaniak, A. Zaborski","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3531","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, the methods for determining heat affected zones during arc weld surfacing is presented. For this purpose, numerical simulations of the temperature field were performed using the Ansys and Sysweld programs based on the finite element method. The Goldak heat source model was used in the computations. Based on the maximum temperature values, the characteristic heat affected zones (remelting zone, fusion line, austenitization zone) have been determined. The results of calculations were compared with the boundaries of individual zones determined by the analytical method using a double volumetric Gaussian-parabolic heat source model and obtained experimentally. Finally, the possibility of mapping the fusion line was assessed using particular heat source methods, programs and models.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76238517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37904/metal.2020.3587
A. Amdur, S. Fedorov, V. Pavlov
The extraction of platinum from sulphide copper-nickel ores is a multi-stage process, which includes the melting of the prepared concentrate in electric ore smelting furnaces. In these furnaces, the melt is divided into matte and slag. Platinum is generally concentrated in matte; however, some its part remains in the slag, thus leading to metal losses. In order to reduce platinum losses, the forms of platinum in these phases should be studied. The analysis of possible chemical reactions in ore was carried out using the HSC Chemistry software package. It was experimentally established that platinum in matte is present in the form of intermetallics with Fe and Ni. The Pt-Fe intermetallide is a dispersed needle formation with a length of 20 to 500 μm and a thickness of up to 10 μm. The size effect is revealed: the content of impurities in the PtFe intermetallide increases with decreasing the thickness of needle formations. It was found that matte drops together with the associated Pt, Fe, and Ni intermetallide particles of no more than 5-7 μm in size, were carried into the slag by gas bubbles, which appear due to decomposition of sulphides. The conditions for the rise of a matte drop, together with a bubble in the slag, consist in the fact that the adhesive force of the drop with the bubble and the buoyancy force acting on the bubble must be greater than the gravity of the drop.
{"title":"The reasons for the platinum losses in the metallurgical processing of copper-nickel ores","authors":"A. Amdur, S. Fedorov, V. Pavlov","doi":"10.37904/metal.2020.3587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3587","url":null,"abstract":"The extraction of platinum from sulphide copper-nickel ores is a multi-stage process, which includes the melting of the prepared concentrate in electric ore smelting furnaces. In these furnaces, the melt is divided into matte and slag. Platinum is generally concentrated in matte; however, some its part remains in the slag, thus leading to metal losses. In order to reduce platinum losses, the forms of platinum in these phases should be studied. The analysis of possible chemical reactions in ore was carried out using the HSC Chemistry software package. It was experimentally established that platinum in matte is present in the form of intermetallics with Fe and Ni. The Pt-Fe intermetallide is a dispersed needle formation with a length of 20 to 500 μm and a thickness of up to 10 μm. The size effect is revealed: the content of impurities in the PtFe intermetallide increases with decreasing the thickness of needle formations. It was found that matte drops together with the associated Pt, Fe, and Ni intermetallide particles of no more than 5-7 μm in size, were carried into the slag by gas bubbles, which appear due to decomposition of sulphides. The conditions for the rise of a matte drop, together with a bubble in the slag, consist in the fact that the adhesive force of the drop with the bubble and the buoyancy force acting on the bubble must be greater than the gravity of the drop.","PeriodicalId":18449,"journal":{"name":"METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings","volume":"55 27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73688197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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