S. Sharififar, Seyyed- Javad Hosseini Shokouh, M. Moradi
Background. It is essential to identify influential motivational factors to create willingness and improve skills in health staff, especially nurses. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the willingness and ability of nurses to deal with different disasters in some hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Methods. This cross-sectional study used a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three parts: 1) demographic questions, 2) questions indicating the level of nurses' willingness and the ability to respond to various disasters, and 3) questions about obstacles for working in disasters. Results. A total of 308 questionnaires were completed. While 60.7% of respondents were male, 39.3% were female. The level of willingness and ability of participants to work in disasters indicated that the highest willingness and ability were associated with natural disasters (floods, earthquakes), and the lowest willingness and ability were related to participating in response to epidemics. The prioritization of the participants concerning the most critical barriers of appropriate response to the disasters demonstrated that caring for children in natural disasters and mass casualty incident, family health in chemical disasters, fear of contamination in nuclear disasters, and fear of infection in an epidemic were the main obstacles. The factors of gender, age, marital status, and health level of individuals affected the level of willingness and ability of participants. Besides, the parameters, including income level and caring for the elderly and disabled people influenced the willingness of nurses to participate in times of crisis. Conclusion. The professional preparation of health care personnel to perform their duties in critical conditions is essential. Hence, preventive measures to minimize the risk and strengthen the ethical obligations of employees in this profession in crises will be beneficial. Practical Implications. The findings of this study provide an opportunity to strengthen the ability and willingness of health care workers to address barriers to intervention in times of crisis. Also, health care centers should support the staff caring for children, the elderly, and disabled people.
{"title":"Evaluating the willingness and ability of nurses in response to disaster events: A cross-sectional study","authors":"S. Sharififar, Seyyed- Javad Hosseini Shokouh, M. Moradi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.038","url":null,"abstract":"Background. It is essential to identify influential motivational factors to create willingness and improve skills in health staff, especially nurses. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the willingness and ability of nurses to deal with different disasters in some hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Methods. This cross-sectional study used a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three parts: 1) demographic questions, 2) questions indicating the level of nurses' willingness and the ability to respond to various disasters, and 3) questions about obstacles for working in disasters. Results. A total of 308 questionnaires were completed. While 60.7% of respondents were male, 39.3% were female. The level of willingness and ability of participants to work in disasters indicated that the highest willingness and ability were associated with natural disasters (floods, earthquakes), and the lowest willingness and ability were related to participating in response to epidemics. The prioritization of the participants concerning the most critical barriers of appropriate response to the disasters demonstrated that caring for children in natural disasters and mass casualty incident, family health in chemical disasters, fear of contamination in nuclear disasters, and fear of infection in an epidemic were the main obstacles. The factors of gender, age, marital status, and health level of individuals affected the level of willingness and ability of participants. Besides, the parameters, including income level and caring for the elderly and disabled people influenced the willingness of nurses to participate in times of crisis. Conclusion. The professional preparation of health care personnel to perform their duties in critical conditions is essential. Hence, preventive measures to minimize the risk and strengthen the ethical obligations of employees in this profession in crises will be beneficial. Practical Implications. The findings of this study provide an opportunity to strengthen the ability and willingness of health care workers to address barriers to intervention in times of crisis. Also, health care centers should support the staff caring for children, the elderly, and disabled people.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84876964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Afkhami, S. Shahbazi, L. Farzadi, Masoumeh Azizi
Background. Fragile X-associated premature ovarian insufficiency is clinically defined as a type of early ovarian failure with irregular menstrual cycles, increased follicle-stimulating hormone, premature menopause, and infertility. Genetically, the CGG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the 5'-untranslated region of the FMR1 gene is recognized as a causative factor. The aim of this study was to standardize molecular detection methods and estimate the number of repeats among patients with premature ovarian insufficiency. Methods. After obtaining a consent form and blood sampling, genomic DNA was extracted and treated with sodium bisulfite. The FMR1 gene is located on X chromosome and one allele is methylated by X-inactivation. As a result, the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) was performed using two pairs of specific primers for methylated and non-methylated DNA yelding the products of 108+3n and 168+3n bp, respectively. Following clinical evaluations, 20 sporadic patients and two families with at least two patients were studied. Results. The mean level of follicle-stimulating hormone was 85.45±44.73UI/L in sporadic and 75.72±33.61UI/L in familial cases. Ultrasound examinations reported atrophic ovaries in sporadic and familial cases by 80% and 75%, respectively. The evaluation of the trinucleotide repeat expansions on agarose gels showed that two sporadic patients were carriers of FMR1 intermediate alleles (10%). No cases of pre-mutation or full mutation were observed in other sporadic or familial cases and the trinucleotide repeat expansions were estimated between 15 and 35. Conclusion. Due to the role of the FMR1 gene trinucleotide repeat expansion in women with premature ovarian insufficiency, a fast and cost-effective molecular detection method is of particular importance. This test will be beneficial not only in ovarian dysfunction, but also to identify pre-mutations that may expand in next generations leading to fragile X syndrome. Practical Implications. In young women, the detection of expanded CGG trinucleotide repeats in the 5'-untranslated region of the FMR1 gene along with genetic counseling will provide them to plan reproductive life.
{"title":"Validation of methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction method and evaluation of FMR1 gene pre-mutations in premature ovarian insufficiency","authors":"F. Afkhami, S. Shahbazi, L. Farzadi, Masoumeh Azizi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.032","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Fragile X-associated premature ovarian insufficiency is clinically defined as a type of early ovarian failure with irregular menstrual cycles, increased follicle-stimulating hormone, premature menopause, and infertility. Genetically, the CGG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the 5'-untranslated region of the FMR1 gene is recognized as a causative factor. The aim of this study was to standardize molecular detection methods and estimate the number of repeats among patients with premature ovarian insufficiency. Methods. After obtaining a consent form and blood sampling, genomic DNA was extracted and treated with sodium bisulfite. The FMR1 gene is located on X chromosome and one allele is methylated by X-inactivation. As a result, the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) was performed using two pairs of specific primers for methylated and non-methylated DNA yelding the products of 108+3n and 168+3n bp, respectively. Following clinical evaluations, 20 sporadic patients and two families with at least two patients were studied. Results. The mean level of follicle-stimulating hormone was 85.45±44.73UI/L in sporadic and 75.72±33.61UI/L in familial cases. Ultrasound examinations reported atrophic ovaries in sporadic and familial cases by 80% and 75%, respectively. The evaluation of the trinucleotide repeat expansions on agarose gels showed that two sporadic patients were carriers of FMR1 intermediate alleles (10%). No cases of pre-mutation or full mutation were observed in other sporadic or familial cases and the trinucleotide repeat expansions were estimated between 15 and 35. Conclusion. Due to the role of the FMR1 gene trinucleotide repeat expansion in women with premature ovarian insufficiency, a fast and cost-effective molecular detection method is of particular importance. This test will be beneficial not only in ovarian dysfunction, but also to identify pre-mutations that may expand in next generations leading to fragile X syndrome. Practical Implications. In young women, the detection of expanded CGG trinucleotide repeats in the 5'-untranslated region of the FMR1 gene along with genetic counseling will provide them to plan reproductive life.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88975822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Induction of general anesthesia may cause hemodynamic instability. Remifentanil is often prescribed to suppress the hemodynamic response to anesthesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of remifentanil on hemodynamic response to induction of anesthesia with propofol fentanyl or propofol ketamine and laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion. Methods. This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 44 candidates for cataract surgery in Feyz Hospital, Isfahan, Iran from March to June 2020. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups using random allocation software. The first group received 1 mcg/kg fentanyl and the second group received 0.5 mg/kg ketamine. Also, both groups received 1 mg/kg propofol and 0.5 mcg/kg remifentanil intravenously. Hemodynamic parameters were measured and recorded at study times, and the results were analyzed statistically. Results. The mean age (P=0.199), weight (P=0.050), height (P=0.9), and frequency distribution of gender (0.763) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score (0.069) were not significantly different between the two groups. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in fentanyl group were significantly lower than the ketamine group immediately before LMA insertion, as well as 1, 3, and 5 minutes after LMA insertion (P <0.050). In addition, the mean heart rate (HR) in the fentanyl group decreased significantly at different time (P<0.001), but no significant difference was observed in ketamine group (P=0.056). In addition, the mean HR did not differ significantly between the two groups in any of the follow-up times (P>0.050). Conclusion. Intravenous administration of remifentanil in induction of anesthesia with propofol-ketamine and propofol-fentanyl reduced changes in hemodynamic responses to LMA insertion. This hemodynamic stability was increased by adding remifentanil to the propofol-ketamine combination. Practical Implications. Remifentanil is associated with weakening of hemodynamic responses to LMA insertion in induction of anesthesia with propofol and ketamine or propofol and fentanyl; this effect can be associated with safety in cardiac patients.
{"title":"The effect of remifentanil on hemodynamic response to laryngeal mask airway insertion in induction of anesthesia with propofol fentanyl or propofol ketamine in cataract surgery","authors":"H. Shetabi, Leili Adinehmehr, Sharifi Faezeh","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.029","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Induction of general anesthesia may cause hemodynamic instability. Remifentanil is often prescribed to suppress the hemodynamic response to anesthesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of remifentanil on hemodynamic response to induction of anesthesia with propofol fentanyl or propofol ketamine and laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion. Methods. This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 44 candidates for cataract surgery in Feyz Hospital, Isfahan, Iran from March to June 2020. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups using random allocation software. The first group received 1 mcg/kg fentanyl and the second group received 0.5 mg/kg ketamine. Also, both groups received 1 mg/kg propofol and 0.5 mcg/kg remifentanil intravenously. Hemodynamic parameters were measured and recorded at study times, and the results were analyzed statistically. Results. The mean age (P=0.199), weight (P=0.050), height (P=0.9), and frequency distribution of gender (0.763) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score (0.069) were not significantly different between the two groups. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in fentanyl group were significantly lower than the ketamine group immediately before LMA insertion, as well as 1, 3, and 5 minutes after LMA insertion (P <0.050). In addition, the mean heart rate (HR) in the fentanyl group decreased significantly at different time (P<0.001), but no significant difference was observed in ketamine group (P=0.056). In addition, the mean HR did not differ significantly between the two groups in any of the follow-up times (P>0.050). Conclusion. Intravenous administration of remifentanil in induction of anesthesia with propofol-ketamine and propofol-fentanyl reduced changes in hemodynamic responses to LMA insertion. This hemodynamic stability was increased by adding remifentanil to the propofol-ketamine combination. Practical Implications. Remifentanil is associated with weakening of hemodynamic responses to LMA insertion in induction of anesthesia with propofol and ketamine or propofol and fentanyl; this effect can be associated with safety in cardiac patients.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80635178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. A higher prevalence of cardiovascular disorders has been observed in women after menopause. This study aimed to determine the long-term effects of ovariectomy on hemodynamic functions and the level of nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) in the heart tissue of ovariectomized rats. Methods. Fourteen female Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n=7 in each group) of control and ovariectomized (OVX). OVX rat model was induced using the two dorsolateral skin incision method. Cardiac hemodynamic function indices, including the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), peak rate of positive changes in the left ventricular pressure (+dp/dt), and peak rate of negative changes in the left ventricular pressure (-dp/dt) were measured at the time of systole in hearts after 11 months of the ovariectomy. Serum and left ventricular levels of NOx were measured at the end of the study. Results. At the end of the study, OVX rats had lower LVDP (19%, P=0.001), +dp/dt (30%, P<0.001) and -dp/dt (23%, P=0.004) than control group. In addition, the OVX group had lower serum NOx levels (30%, P=0.021) compared to the control group; heart tissue NOx was also lower by 31% in the OVX rats, but it was not statistically significant (P=0.056). Conclusion. Long-term ovariectomy disrupts cardiac hemodynamic function in ovariectomized rats, which is associated with decreased NOx levels in serum. Practical Implications. Our findings indicated impaired cardiac function following long-term estrogen deficiency in OVX rats. These results can be used to prevent and treat the cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women. However, these results need to be confirmed in humans.
{"title":"The effect of ovariectomy on hemodynamic functions and the level of nitric oxide metabolites in the heart of rats","authors":"Nasibeh Yousefzadeh, S. Jeddi, A. Ghasemi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.026","url":null,"abstract":"Background. A higher prevalence of cardiovascular disorders has been observed in women after menopause. This study aimed to determine the long-term effects of ovariectomy on hemodynamic functions and the level of nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) in the heart tissue of ovariectomized rats. Methods. Fourteen female Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n=7 in each group) of control and ovariectomized (OVX). OVX rat model was induced using the two dorsolateral skin incision method. Cardiac hemodynamic function indices, including the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), peak rate of positive changes in the left ventricular pressure (+dp/dt), and peak rate of negative changes in the left ventricular pressure (-dp/dt) were measured at the time of systole in hearts after 11 months of the ovariectomy. Serum and left ventricular levels of NOx were measured at the end of the study. Results. At the end of the study, OVX rats had lower LVDP (19%, P=0.001), +dp/dt (30%, P<0.001) and -dp/dt (23%, P=0.004) than control group. In addition, the OVX group had lower serum NOx levels (30%, P=0.021) compared to the control group; heart tissue NOx was also lower by 31% in the OVX rats, but it was not statistically significant (P=0.056). Conclusion. Long-term ovariectomy disrupts cardiac hemodynamic function in ovariectomized rats, which is associated with decreased NOx levels in serum. Practical Implications. Our findings indicated impaired cardiac function following long-term estrogen deficiency in OVX rats. These results can be used to prevent and treat the cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women. However, these results need to be confirmed in humans.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76352835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parisa Ostadhasanzadeh, J. Mohseni, S. Ghorbian, Sedigheh Abdollahi fard, C. Ahmadizadeh
Background. If the pregnancy attempt fails, it may become a stressful event. Therefore, in many cases, problem solving can lead to greater satisfaction and cohesion of couples and prevent psychological and social harm to families. The aim of this study was to determine the significant difference in the expression of miR-146a miRNA in maternal blood between the control and observation groups and to determine whether the miRNA can be used as diagnostic biomarkers or not. Methods. The present study is a basic and descriptive survey in terms of data analysis. The samples included pregnant women referred to Tabriz University of Jahad from September 2019 to February 2021. We used Exel, Spss v.21 and Roc software for data analysis. Data were prepared in Exel software with reference gene and by calculating CT. Were used in Roc software. Results. The results showed a difference between the control and observation groups. Early detection of recurrent miscarriage should be used in these mothers. Conclusion. Through using diagnostic kits of the studied miRNAs, effective steps can be taken for early detection, prevention of abortion, and reducing the heavy psychological, economic, and social burden on families. Therefore, it is suggested that diagnostic kits be made for these biomarkers and used in infertility centers. Practical Implications. Among the practical implications of this study, we can mention the diagnosis and prevention of abortion, which can reduce the burden on families and society.
{"title":"Evaluation of miR-146a biomarker capability in mothers with recurrent miscarriage","authors":"Parisa Ostadhasanzadeh, J. Mohseni, S. Ghorbian, Sedigheh Abdollahi fard, C. Ahmadizadeh","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.030","url":null,"abstract":"Background. If the pregnancy attempt fails, it may become a stressful event. Therefore, in many cases, problem solving can lead to greater satisfaction and cohesion of couples and prevent psychological and social harm to families. The aim of this study was to determine the significant difference in the expression of miR-146a miRNA in maternal blood between the control and observation groups and to determine whether the miRNA can be used as diagnostic biomarkers or not. Methods. The present study is a basic and descriptive survey in terms of data analysis. The samples included pregnant women referred to Tabriz University of Jahad from September 2019 to February 2021. We used Exel, Spss v.21 and Roc software for data analysis. Data were prepared in Exel software with reference gene and by calculating CT. Were used in Roc software. Results. The results showed a difference between the control and observation groups. Early detection of recurrent miscarriage should be used in these mothers. Conclusion. Through using diagnostic kits of the studied miRNAs, effective steps can be taken for early detection, prevention of abortion, and reducing the heavy psychological, economic, and social burden on families. Therefore, it is suggested that diagnostic kits be made for these biomarkers and used in infertility centers. Practical Implications. Among the practical implications of this study, we can mention the diagnosis and prevention of abortion, which can reduce the burden on families and society.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83756600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mohagheghi, A. Shafiee-Kandjani, S. Farhang, S. Pirzadeh
Background. The extrapyramidal system is part of the central nervous system (CNS) involved in motor control. Extrapyramidal symptoms include a variety of acute and chronic movement disorders caused by medications. Currently, antipsychotic medications are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders and can cause extrapyramidal symptoms. The St. Hans Rating Scale (SHRS) is a multidimensional scale designed to quantify the severity of dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia, and dyskinesia caused by antipsychotic drugs. This scale has not yet been translated into Persian so far. Considering the importance of assessing the quality of life in patients with severe or chronic psychiatric disorders, this study aimed to translate the SHRS into Persian and evaluate its validity and reliability. Also, we presented the software version of the SHRS. Methods. This descriptive-analytical (methodological) study was performed on patients with psychiatric disorders treated with antipsychotic medications. After translating the SHRS into Persian, the validity and reliability of the Persian version was evaluated and the necessary corrections were made. Then, the Persian version was back-translated into English, followed by re-translation into Persian. A total of 30 patients were examined for extrapyramidal symptoms using the prepared version. The expert group concluded that there is no need to translate SHRS. Results. Regarding face validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.99 and reliability was 0.99. The mean scores by the first psychiatrist were 2.03 in the first visit and 2.1 in the second visit. These scores were 2 in the first visit and 2.03 in the second visit by the second psychiatrist. Conclusion. The software version of SHRS has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the extrapyramidal symptoms of patients. Practical Implications. English version of the SHRS and its application for cellphone can be used to assess extrapyramidal symptoms.
{"title":"Evaluation of validity and reliability and producing of application for St. Hans rating scale for extrapyramidal syndromes","authors":"A. Mohagheghi, A. Shafiee-Kandjani, S. Farhang, S. Pirzadeh","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.028","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The extrapyramidal system is part of the central nervous system (CNS) involved in motor control. Extrapyramidal symptoms include a variety of acute and chronic movement disorders caused by medications. Currently, antipsychotic medications are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders and can cause extrapyramidal symptoms. The St. Hans Rating Scale (SHRS) is a multidimensional scale designed to quantify the severity of dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia, and dyskinesia caused by antipsychotic drugs. This scale has not yet been translated into Persian so far. Considering the importance of assessing the quality of life in patients with severe or chronic psychiatric disorders, this study aimed to translate the SHRS into Persian and evaluate its validity and reliability. Also, we presented the software version of the SHRS. Methods. This descriptive-analytical (methodological) study was performed on patients with psychiatric disorders treated with antipsychotic medications. After translating the SHRS into Persian, the validity and reliability of the Persian version was evaluated and the necessary corrections were made. Then, the Persian version was back-translated into English, followed by re-translation into Persian. A total of 30 patients were examined for extrapyramidal symptoms using the prepared version. The expert group concluded that there is no need to translate SHRS. Results. Regarding face validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.99 and reliability was 0.99. The mean scores by the first psychiatrist were 2.03 in the first visit and 2.1 in the second visit. These scores were 2 in the first visit and 2.03 in the second visit by the second psychiatrist. Conclusion. The software version of SHRS has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the extrapyramidal symptoms of patients. Practical Implications. English version of the SHRS and its application for cellphone can be used to assess extrapyramidal symptoms.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85272731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aysa Ghannadi, S. M. Hejazian, M. Moslemi, F. Farnood, Bahram Niknafs, S. Zununi Vahed, K. Ansarin, Mohammadjavad Ardalan, Parviz Saleh
Background. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic. There is an urgent need for finding efficient medical treatments to diminish the high mortality rate of the mutant variants of the virus. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of edaravone in patients with moderate COVID-19. Methods. This single-center non-randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on hospitalized patients with moderate COVID-19. The patients were divided into two groups of intervention (n=17) and control (n=16). Patients in the intervention group received three doses of edaravone (30 mg) for three interval days (Days 2, 4, and 6). Admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), need for intubation, and mortality were the primary outcomes. Results. All cases had 15-60% lung involvement. Although edaravone reduced the admission to ICU, need for intubation, and mortality rate in patients with moderate COVID-19, the results were not statistically significant. Baseline characteristics, admission days, and clinical parameters were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. Administration of edaravone 30 mg for three days had no significant effect on the overall outcome of patients with moderate COVID-19. Practical Implications. In this study, none of the COVID-19 patients receiving edaravone had ICU admission, intubation, and mortality. However, no significant difference was found between the clinical outcomes of the control and intervention groups.
{"title":"Effect of edaravone on patients with moderate COVID-19: a single-center non-randomized clinical trial","authors":"Aysa Ghannadi, S. M. Hejazian, M. Moslemi, F. Farnood, Bahram Niknafs, S. Zununi Vahed, K. Ansarin, Mohammadjavad Ardalan, Parviz Saleh","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.027","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic. There is an urgent need for finding efficient medical treatments to diminish the high mortality rate of the mutant variants of the virus. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of edaravone in patients with moderate COVID-19. Methods. This single-center non-randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on hospitalized patients with moderate COVID-19. The patients were divided into two groups of intervention (n=17) and control (n=16). Patients in the intervention group received three doses of edaravone (30 mg) for three interval days (Days 2, 4, and 6). Admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), need for intubation, and mortality were the primary outcomes. Results. All cases had 15-60% lung involvement. Although edaravone reduced the admission to ICU, need for intubation, and mortality rate in patients with moderate COVID-19, the results were not statistically significant. Baseline characteristics, admission days, and clinical parameters were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. Administration of edaravone 30 mg for three days had no significant effect on the overall outcome of patients with moderate COVID-19. Practical Implications. In this study, none of the COVID-19 patients receiving edaravone had ICU admission, intubation, and mortality. However, no significant difference was found between the clinical outcomes of the control and intervention groups.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78112266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Shahsavarinia, H. Zafardoust, A. Razzaghi, H. Soleimanpour, Robabeh Mehdipour, M. Saadati, H. Salehi-pourmehr
Background. This systematic review evaluated the studies conducted on Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) due to COVID-19 vaccination to clarify any possible connections and the type of vaccines causing GBS. Methods. A comprehensive search was performed on July 2021 through MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases to detect published and unpublished papers. Our PICO was all COVID-19 vaccinated individuals as the population, COVID-19 vaccines as the intervention, and patients experiencing GBS following COVID-19 vaccination as the outcome. Critical appraisal instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute case series or case report were used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Results. In the present systematic review, 12 case reports and case series including 21 patients were assessed. More than half of the patients were male, and the mean age of male patients was lower than females. In terms of vaccine type, the most common kind of vaccine injected was Oxford/AstraZeneca, and all the cases except one patient had received only one dose of the vaccine. Regarding the interval between receiving the vaccine and the onset of GBS symptoms, the mean duration was 14 days. The lowest mean time interval between receiving the vaccine and the onset of symptoms of GBS was related to the unnamed vector-based COVID-19 vaccine, and the highest was associated with Oxford/AstraZeneca. Conclusion. Through this systematic review of case reports, we neither attempt to establish nor rule out a causal link between the COVID-19 vaccine and GBS, because such a link requires extensive case-control studies. However, we must highlight any events that may occur following the injection of existing vaccines. Practical Implications. The most common symptoms seen in patients experiencing GBS after vaccination included progressive bilateral lower limb weakness, paresthesia, numbness of limbs, generalized body aches, and back pain.
背景。本系统综述评估了关于COVID-19疫苗接种引起的格林-巴- 综合征(GBS)的研究，以澄清任何可能的联系和引起GBS的疫苗类型。方法。于2021年7月通过MEDLINE(通过PubMed)、Scopus、Cochrane和Web of Science数据库进行全面检索，以检测已发表和未发表的论文。我们的PICO将所有接种COVID-19疫苗的个体作为人群，将COVID-19疫苗作为干预措施，将接种COVID-19疫苗后出现GBS的患者作为结果。使用来自乔安娜布里格斯研究所病例系列或病例报告的关键评估工具来评估纳入研究的质量。结果。在本系统综述中，对包括21例患者在内的12例病例报告和病例系列进行了评估。半数以上患者为男性，且男性患者的平均年龄低于女性。从疫苗类型来看，最常见的疫苗是牛津/阿斯利康，除1例患者外，所有病例均只接种了一剂疫苗。关于接种疫苗和出现GBS症状之间的间隔，平均持续时间为14天。接种疫苗和出现GBS症状之间的平均时间间隔最短的与未命名的基于媒介的COVID-19疫苗有关，最长的与牛津/阿斯利康有关。结论。通过对病例报告的系统回顾，我们既不试图建立也不排除COVID-19疫苗与GBS之间的因果关系，因为这种联系需要广泛的病例对照研究。然而，我们必须强调在注射现有疫苗后可能发生的任何事件。实际意义。接种疫苗后发生GBS的患者最常见的症状包括进行性双侧下肢无力、感觉异常、四肢麻木、全身疼痛和背痛。
{"title":"Guillain-Barré syndrome and COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review","authors":"K. Shahsavarinia, H. Zafardoust, A. Razzaghi, H. Soleimanpour, Robabeh Mehdipour, M. Saadati, H. Salehi-pourmehr","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.025","url":null,"abstract":"Background. This systematic review evaluated the studies conducted on Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) due to COVID-19 vaccination to clarify any possible connections and the type of vaccines causing GBS. Methods. A comprehensive search was performed on July 2021 through MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases to detect published and unpublished papers. Our PICO was all COVID-19 vaccinated individuals as the population, COVID-19 vaccines as the intervention, and patients experiencing GBS following COVID-19 vaccination as the outcome. Critical appraisal instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute case series or case report were used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Results. In the present systematic review, 12 case reports and case series including 21 patients were assessed. More than half of the patients were male, and the mean age of male patients was lower than females. In terms of vaccine type, the most common kind of vaccine injected was Oxford/AstraZeneca, and all the cases except one patient had received only one dose of the vaccine. Regarding the interval between receiving the vaccine and the onset of GBS symptoms, the mean duration was 14 days. The lowest mean time interval between receiving the vaccine and the onset of symptoms of GBS was related to the unnamed vector-based COVID-19 vaccine, and the highest was associated with Oxford/AstraZeneca. Conclusion. Through this systematic review of case reports, we neither attempt to establish nor rule out a causal link between the COVID-19 vaccine and GBS, because such a link requires extensive case-control studies. However, we must highlight any events that may occur following the injection of existing vaccines. Practical Implications. The most common symptoms seen in patients experiencing GBS after vaccination included progressive bilateral lower limb weakness, paresthesia, numbness of limbs, generalized body aches, and back pain.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76840312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Toopchizadeh, M. Mirghafourvand, Somayyeh Sarrafi, Z. Sarmad, Nafiseh Ghassab Abdollahi, S. Tabrizi, A. Farshbaf‐Khalili
Background. Obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) occurs as a result of excessive stretching of the baby's neck and an increase in cervical and shoulder angle during the second stage of labor. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, electrophysiological panel, and motor outcome of cervical paralysis in East Azerbaijan province, Iran during 2008-2018. Methods. The total number of deliveries was obtained by census method. The annual relative frequency of OBPI was calculated using the medical records of children with this injury. Then, the electrophysiological findings and Modified Mallet Classification System (MMCS) were extracted. Results. The prevalence of OBPI during 2008-2018 was 0.026% in East Azerbaijan province. The involved nerve roots were C5 and C6 in 59.6% of cases, C5, C6, and C7 in 28.4% of cases, and wider injuries were observed in 12% following C5 to T1 involvement. No significant association was found between electrophysiological findings and MMCS in children with OBPI (P>0.05). Conclusion. Due to the sudden increase in OBPI since 2017, it seems necessary to pay special attention and take preventive measures in this regard. Practical Implications. Due to the increasing prevalence of OBPI compared to previous years, it is necessary to take the necessary measures to prevent this injury in vaginal delivery.
{"title":"The prevalence, electrophysiologic feature, and outcome of obstetric brachial plexus injury in East Azerbaijan province, Iran","authors":"V. Toopchizadeh, M. Mirghafourvand, Somayyeh Sarrafi, Z. Sarmad, Nafiseh Ghassab Abdollahi, S. Tabrizi, A. Farshbaf‐Khalili","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.031","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) occurs as a result of excessive stretching of the baby's neck and an increase in cervical and shoulder angle during the second stage of labor. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, electrophysiological panel, and motor outcome of cervical paralysis in East Azerbaijan province, Iran during 2008-2018. Methods. The total number of deliveries was obtained by census method. The annual relative frequency of OBPI was calculated using the medical records of children with this injury. Then, the electrophysiological findings and Modified Mallet Classification System (MMCS) were extracted. Results. The prevalence of OBPI during 2008-2018 was 0.026% in East Azerbaijan province. The involved nerve roots were C5 and C6 in 59.6% of cases, C5, C6, and C7 in 28.4% of cases, and wider injuries were observed in 12% following C5 to T1 involvement. No significant association was found between electrophysiological findings and MMCS in children with OBPI (P>0.05). Conclusion. Due to the sudden increase in OBPI since 2017, it seems necessary to pay special attention and take preventive measures in this regard. Practical Implications. Due to the increasing prevalence of OBPI compared to previous years, it is necessary to take the necessary measures to prevent this injury in vaginal delivery.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82325469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Childhood is one of the most important stages of life in which a person's personality is established and formed. Most post-childhood behavioral disorders and maladaptations are due to a lack of attention to a sensitive childhood and a lack of proper guidance in the developmental process. This negligence leads to incompatibility with the environment and the occurrence of various deviations in different dimensions for the child. The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of play-based family therapy on reducing behavioral problems in children in Ardakan, Iran. Methods. This quasi-experimental research had a pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups and random replacement. The statistical population included all children with behavioral problems aged 7-11 years who were studying in Ardakan city in 2018-2019 academic year. Using purposive sampling method, 30 subjects were selected and randomly assigned into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group received a family-centered play therapy program for nine sessions, while the control group received no intervention. The research tool included a demographic questionnaire and a Children's Behavioral Checklist (CBCL), which was provided to parents. Research data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results. The results of data analysis showed that the family-centered play therapy training program improved children's behavioral problems, aggression, lawlessness, isolation, anxiety, and depression in the experimental group.(P<0.01) No significant change was observed in the control group. Conclusion. Family-centered play therapy can be an effective method in improving behavioral problems in children. Practical implications. Therapists can use family-centered play therapy in the process of treating children's behavioral problems as one of the effective methods in reducing symptoms.
{"title":"The effectiveness of family-centered play therapy on reducing children's behavioral problems","authors":"Sima Mahmoodi, Azra Mohammadpanah, Azadeh Chobforoshzadeh, Paria Faroughi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.024","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Childhood is one of the most important stages of life in which a person's personality is established and formed. Most post-childhood behavioral disorders and maladaptations are due to a lack of attention to a sensitive childhood and a lack of proper guidance in the developmental process. This negligence leads to incompatibility with the environment and the occurrence of various deviations in different dimensions for the child. The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of play-based family therapy on reducing behavioral problems in children in Ardakan, Iran. Methods. This quasi-experimental research had a pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups and random replacement. The statistical population included all children with behavioral problems aged 7-11 years who were studying in Ardakan city in 2018-2019 academic year. Using purposive sampling method, 30 subjects were selected and randomly assigned into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group received a family-centered play therapy program for nine sessions, while the control group received no intervention. The research tool included a demographic questionnaire and a Children's Behavioral Checklist (CBCL), which was provided to parents. Research data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results. The results of data analysis showed that the family-centered play therapy training program improved children's behavioral problems, aggression, lawlessness, isolation, anxiety, and depression in the experimental group.(P<0.01) No significant change was observed in the control group. Conclusion. Family-centered play therapy can be an effective method in improving behavioral problems in children. Practical implications. Therapists can use family-centered play therapy in the process of treating children's behavioral problems as one of the effective methods in reducing symptoms.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83583114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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