Background. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a causative agent of nosocomial infections. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum, inexpensive, and common antibiotic. MexAB-OprM is a secretory pump that causes the innate resistance of this bacterium. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of MexA gene under the treatment of copper nanoparticles and chloramphenicol. Methods. In this study, 49 samples were collected from 11 laboratories in Mashhad, Iran.Abundance of Me gene MexA was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and antibiotic susceptibility assessment was performed by disk diffusion method. To calculate minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), copper nanoparticles, and a combination of both, the broth dilution method was performed. Microdilution method and real time PCR technique were used to determine the effective dilution of copper oxide nanoparticles and chloramphenicol antibiotics and expression of MexA gene, respectively. Result. The identity of 49 strains was confirmed. All strains had the MexA gene and were resistant to more than two antibiotics. The MIC of bacterial strains was 250 μg/ml for copper oxide nanoparticles and 62.50 μg/ml for chloramphenicol antibiotic. Compared to antibiotics, copper nanoparticles had a greater effect on MIC, though it was lower than the combined effect of antibiotics and copper oxide nanoparticles. Conclusion. Copper oxide nanoparticles or the synergistic effect of copper oxide nanoparticles and chloramphenicol antibiotics are effective in reducing MexA gene expression. Practical Implications. Nanoparticles are an important option for use as an alternative to or supplement to antibiotics. Also, copper oxide nanoparticles are more effective to inhibit bacterial growth when used in combination with antibiotics.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of copper oxide nanoparticles and chloramphenicol antibiotic on MexA gene expression of pump efflux system in drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates","authors":"Faten Alazavi, Farahnaz - Molavi, Maryam Tehranipoor","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.022","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a causative agent of nosocomial infections. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum, inexpensive, and common antibiotic. MexAB-OprM is a secretory pump that causes the innate resistance of this bacterium. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of MexA gene under the treatment of copper nanoparticles and chloramphenicol. Methods. In this study, 49 samples were collected from 11 laboratories in Mashhad, Iran.Abundance of Me gene MexA was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and antibiotic susceptibility assessment was performed by disk diffusion method. To calculate minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), copper nanoparticles, and a combination of both, the broth dilution method was performed. Microdilution method and real time PCR technique were used to determine the effective dilution of copper oxide nanoparticles and chloramphenicol antibiotics and expression of MexA gene, respectively. Result. The identity of 49 strains was confirmed. All strains had the MexA gene and were resistant to more than two antibiotics. The MIC of bacterial strains was 250 μg/ml for copper oxide nanoparticles and 62.50 μg/ml for chloramphenicol antibiotic. Compared to antibiotics, copper nanoparticles had a greater effect on MIC, though it was lower than the combined effect of antibiotics and copper oxide nanoparticles. Conclusion. Copper oxide nanoparticles or the synergistic effect of copper oxide nanoparticles and chloramphenicol antibiotics are effective in reducing MexA gene expression. Practical Implications. Nanoparticles are an important option for use as an alternative to or supplement to antibiotics. Also, copper oxide nanoparticles are more effective to inhibit bacterial growth when used in combination with antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82111059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Farahbakhsh, A. Fakhari, H. Azizi, Elham Davtalab Esmaeili, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi, M. Mirzapour, A. Dorosti, Aslrahimi Vahab
Background. Suicide is recognized as a public health issue in Malekan County through a health community assessment. A community-based suicide prevention program was conducted during 2014-2017. Methods. This health system research was conducted in seven steps, including conducting systematic reviews, gathering expert opinions, improving the coverage of suicide attempt records, conducting research to identify regional risk factors, conducting follow ups and managing the individuals attempting suicide, training health gatekeepers, and launching public awareness campaigns. Our goal was to lower the rates of suicide, and suicide attempt by 15% and 20%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was calculated to estimate the adjusted odds ratios and the 95% confidence intervals. Result. 821 suicide attempts and 32 suicides had been recorded in the county. 70% of the suicides had been committed by men while the majority of attempters were females (64%). Most of the suicides (18cases-56.25%) had occurred in the spring while the majority of suicide attempts (288cases-35.8%) had been recorded in the summer. The common methods (62%) suiciders used were hanging and poisoning, which increased death risk significantly (OR: 8.5, 95% CI: 2.9–76.99). The incidence rates of suicide and suicide attempts reduced from 11.22, and 203 per 100,000 in 2013 to 2.63, and 157 in 2017, respectively. Suicide re-attempts also diminished from 12% in 2013 to 6.7% in 2017. Conclusion. Suicide, SA, and re-attempt were lowered by 75%, 22%, and 42%, respectively. Practical Implications. The practical framework that emerged out of the present study can be used for generating future suicide prevention strategies. Furthermore, our study highlights the need to consider a wide range of contextual factors when developing suicide prevention programs.
{"title":"Development and implementation of a community-based suicide prevention program in primary care","authors":"M. Farahbakhsh, A. Fakhari, H. Azizi, Elham Davtalab Esmaeili, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi, M. Mirzapour, A. Dorosti, Aslrahimi Vahab","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.023","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Suicide is recognized as a public health issue in Malekan County through a health community assessment. A community-based suicide prevention program was conducted during 2014-2017. Methods. This health system research was conducted in seven steps, including conducting systematic reviews, gathering expert opinions, improving the coverage of suicide attempt records, conducting research to identify regional risk factors, conducting follow ups and managing the individuals attempting suicide, training health gatekeepers, and launching public awareness campaigns. Our goal was to lower the rates of suicide, and suicide attempt by 15% and 20%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was calculated to estimate the adjusted odds ratios and the 95% confidence intervals. Result. 821 suicide attempts and 32 suicides had been recorded in the county. 70% of the suicides had been committed by men while the majority of attempters were females (64%). Most of the suicides (18cases-56.25%) had occurred in the spring while the majority of suicide attempts (288cases-35.8%) had been recorded in the summer. The common methods (62%) suiciders used were hanging and poisoning, which increased death risk significantly (OR: 8.5, 95% CI: 2.9–76.99). The incidence rates of suicide and suicide attempts reduced from 11.22, and 203 per 100,000 in 2013 to 2.63, and 157 in 2017, respectively. Suicide re-attempts also diminished from 12% in 2013 to 6.7% in 2017. Conclusion. Suicide, SA, and re-attempt were lowered by 75%, 22%, and 42%, respectively. Practical Implications. The practical framework that emerged out of the present study can be used for generating future suicide prevention strategies. Furthermore, our study highlights the need to consider a wide range of contextual factors when developing suicide prevention programs.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"28 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82723115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Rasool Mahdavi Anari, B. Kheirkhah, K. Amini, F. Roozafzai
Background. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRs) take part in post-transcriptional gene regulation. MiR-155 regulates hematopoiesis, oncogenesis, and immunologic and inflammatory processes. We investigated the expression levels of miR-155 in sera of patients with Burkitt’s lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and rheumatoid arthritis. Methods. In this cross-sectional observation, we used real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate expression of miR-155 in sera of 92 Iranian adults who were healthy or had Burkitt’s lymphoma, DLBCL, or rheumatoid arthritis. The relative quantification of gene expression was calculated in terms of cycle threshold values (Ct). We conducted Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlations, Fisher's exact test, and one-way analysis of variance and Games-Howell post-hoc test, with the level of significance of 0.05. Results. The expression of miR-155 was independent of sex and age in each study group. In comparison with healthy subjects (-ΔCt: -2.29 [±standard deviation: 1.92]), miR-155 expression increased in DLBCL (2.49 [±1.01]), and rheumatoid arthritis (2.30 [±1.34]) patients, but did not change in adults with Burkitt’s lymphoma (-1.29 [±2.11]). Conclusion. MiR-155 was significantly elevated in the sera of patients with DLBCL, and rheumatoid arthritis. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to assess the diagnostic, and therapeutic applications of miR-155 in these patients. Practical Implications. The expression of miR-155 increases in sera of patients suffering from DLBCL, and rheumatoid arthritis. The expression of miR-155 was independent of sex and age of patients in this study.
{"title":"Expression of circulatory microRNA-155 in non-Hodgkin lymphomas and rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Seyed Rasool Mahdavi Anari, B. Kheirkhah, K. Amini, F. Roozafzai","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.018","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRs) take part in post-transcriptional gene regulation. MiR-155 regulates hematopoiesis, oncogenesis, and immunologic and inflammatory processes. We investigated the expression levels of miR-155 in sera of patients with Burkitt’s lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and rheumatoid arthritis. Methods. In this cross-sectional observation, we used real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate expression of miR-155 in sera of 92 Iranian adults who were healthy or had Burkitt’s lymphoma, DLBCL, or rheumatoid arthritis. The relative quantification of gene expression was calculated in terms of cycle threshold values (Ct). We conducted Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlations, Fisher's exact test, and one-way analysis of variance and Games-Howell post-hoc test, with the level of significance of 0.05. Results. The expression of miR-155 was independent of sex and age in each study group. In comparison with healthy subjects (-ΔCt: -2.29 [±standard deviation: 1.92]), miR-155 expression increased in DLBCL (2.49 [±1.01]), and rheumatoid arthritis (2.30 [±1.34]) patients, but did not change in adults with Burkitt’s lymphoma (-1.29 [±2.11]). Conclusion. MiR-155 was significantly elevated in the sera of patients with DLBCL, and rheumatoid arthritis. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to assess the diagnostic, and therapeutic applications of miR-155 in these patients. Practical Implications. The expression of miR-155 increases in sera of patients suffering from DLBCL, and rheumatoid arthritis. The expression of miR-155 was independent of sex and age of patients in this study.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81713310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Habit Reversal Training on Anxiety, Quality of life and Symptoms of Trichotillomania patients. This quasi experimental study was designed with pretest-posttest and control group. Methods. The statistical population consisted of all female patients with trichotillomania disorder referring to the Mashhad medical clinics. A sample of 24 subjects had criteria for entering the research, were available selected and matched from age, educational status, not suffering from acute physical and mental disorder and other criteria considered in this research. Then randomly divided into two experimental (12) and control (12) groups. The experimental administered habit reversal training with cognitive behavior therapy for 8 sessions of 1 hour, while the control group did not receive such training. The data was analyzed by ANCOVA & MANCOVA test using SPSS-21. Results. The results showed that habit reversal training had a significant positive effect on quality of life, anxiety and symptoms of trichotillomania in experimental group in comparison with pretest and control group (P<0.001), so that the experimental group showed less symptoms of trichotillomania after the intervention and showed higher quality of life. Conclusion. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that habit reversal training has a positive effect on quality of life and symptoms of trichotillomania of patients with trichotillomania. Therefore, habit reversal training may be considered as one of the main treatments for this disorder. Practical Implications. Patients with Trichotillomania (TTM) have a high level of stress, which is often alleviated by the habit of hair loss. Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with habit reversal has a positive effect on the quality of life of patients with Trichotillomania (TTM). Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with habit reversal has a positive effect on symptoms of patients with Trichotillomania (TTM). The use of cognitive-behavioral with habit reversal interventions to strengthen the will of Trichotillomania (TTM) patients with drug therapy is recommended.
{"title":"The effectiveness of habit reversal training with cognitive behavior therapy on quality of life and symptoms of trichotillomania patients","authors":"N. Hamid, Maryam Bordbar, Seyed Ali Marashy","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.021","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Habit Reversal Training on Anxiety, Quality of life and Symptoms of Trichotillomania patients. This quasi experimental study was designed with pretest-posttest and control group. Methods. The statistical population consisted of all female patients with trichotillomania disorder referring to the Mashhad medical clinics. A sample of 24 subjects had criteria for entering the research, were available selected and matched from age, educational status, not suffering from acute physical and mental disorder and other criteria considered in this research. Then randomly divided into two experimental (12) and control (12) groups. The experimental administered habit reversal training with cognitive behavior therapy for 8 sessions of 1 hour, while the control group did not receive such training. The data was analyzed by ANCOVA & MANCOVA test using SPSS-21. Results. The results showed that habit reversal training had a significant positive effect on quality of life, anxiety and symptoms of trichotillomania in experimental group in comparison with pretest and control group (P<0.001), so that the experimental group showed less symptoms of trichotillomania after the intervention and showed higher quality of life. Conclusion. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that habit reversal training has a positive effect on quality of life and symptoms of trichotillomania of patients with trichotillomania. Therefore, habit reversal training may be considered as one of the main treatments for this disorder. Practical Implications. Patients with Trichotillomania (TTM) have a high level of stress, which is often alleviated by the habit of hair loss. Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with habit reversal has a positive effect on the quality of life of patients with Trichotillomania (TTM). Cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with habit reversal has a positive effect on symptoms of patients with Trichotillomania (TTM). The use of cognitive-behavioral with habit reversal interventions to strengthen the will of Trichotillomania (TTM) patients with drug therapy is recommended.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74317230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) is a well-known approach in treatment of Opioid Use Disorders and reduction of harm in these patients. Considering the differences in the pattern of substance use and the instructions for prescribing methadone in our country, this study was performed to evaluate the relationship between methadone dose and positive urinary morphine test in patients receiving MMT. Methods. Clients who were diagnosed as opioid use disorder and has been treated in Razi Hospital in Tabriz were examined. The records of patients receiving MMT were reviewed and their information including demographic information, dose of methadone, number of lapses (based on positive urine morphine tests and the patient's own statements) was evaluated over a 6-month period. Data were analyzed in SPSS 22 and P<0.05 was considered as significant. Results. The mean age of patients was 44 years (15-79 years), the average dose of methadone was 91 (10-175) mg and the mean age of onset of substance use was 26 years. 367 patients were male and 4 were female. The first substance a person consumed was opium and Shireh (opium juice) in 274 cases, cannabis in 11, Shisheh (Methamphetamine) in 4, Kerak and Crystal (A product of heroin) in 28, methadone in 3, tramadol in 5 and heroin in 46 cases. The urine morphine test was negative in 346 cases during 6 months of study while it was positive at one time in 20 cases and 5 cases had a positive test at two times. There was a significant inverse relationship between methadone dose and positive urinary morphine test (P<0.001). Conclusion. Given the significant relationship between positive urinary morphine test and methadone dose, appropriate policies need to be developed to prescribe the minimum effective methadone dose in MMT. To control the disorder and prevent recurrence, urinary morphine tests should be performed more carefully and rigorously. Practical Implications. According to the results of our study, some variables that are associated with a higher reduction in relapse of opioid use (such as employment and marital status and level of education) cannot be intervened by therapists of substance use disorders but Planning to prescribe sufficient doses of methadone can be effective in reducing relapse of opined use disorder.
{"title":"Dose of methadone and positive urinary morphine test in patients receiving methadone maintenance therapy (MMT)","authors":"A. Mohagheghi, F. Naghdi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.020","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) is a well-known approach in treatment of Opioid Use Disorders and reduction of harm in these patients. Considering the differences in the pattern of substance use and the instructions for prescribing methadone in our country, this study was performed to evaluate the relationship between methadone dose and positive urinary morphine test in patients receiving MMT. Methods. Clients who were diagnosed as opioid use disorder and has been treated in Razi Hospital in Tabriz were examined. The records of patients receiving MMT were reviewed and their information including demographic information, dose of methadone, number of lapses (based on positive urine morphine tests and the patient's own statements) was evaluated over a 6-month period. Data were analyzed in SPSS 22 and P<0.05 was considered as significant. Results. The mean age of patients was 44 years (15-79 years), the average dose of methadone was 91 (10-175) mg and the mean age of onset of substance use was 26 years. 367 patients were male and 4 were female. The first substance a person consumed was opium and Shireh (opium juice) in 274 cases, cannabis in 11, Shisheh (Methamphetamine) in 4, Kerak and Crystal (A product of heroin) in 28, methadone in 3, tramadol in 5 and heroin in 46 cases. The urine morphine test was negative in 346 cases during 6 months of study while it was positive at one time in 20 cases and 5 cases had a positive test at two times. There was a significant inverse relationship between methadone dose and positive urinary morphine test (P<0.001). Conclusion. Given the significant relationship between positive urinary morphine test and methadone dose, appropriate policies need to be developed to prescribe the minimum effective methadone dose in MMT. To control the disorder and prevent recurrence, urinary morphine tests should be performed more carefully and rigorously. Practical Implications. According to the results of our study, some variables that are associated with a higher reduction in relapse of opioid use (such as employment and marital status and level of education) cannot be intervened by therapists of substance use disorders but Planning to prescribe sufficient doses of methadone can be effective in reducing relapse of opined use disorder.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"38 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84695817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masoud Naderpoor, N. Shahidi, Sahar Sadat Fardad, F. Kolahi
Background. Traumatic rupture of the eardrum is one of the most common cases following traumatic events, requiring medical care and sometimes surgery for treatment, which means the imposition of financial costs on the individual and society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing treatment duration in patients with traumatic eardrum rupture. Methods. In this cross-sectional analytical study, 100 patients were selected in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Based on the otoscopic examination of the tympanic membrane, a small tear (Pin Point) was defined as a case that was less than 1.4 (quarter) of the tympanic membrane, and a medium tear (Medium) was defined as a rupture that was less than 1.4 (quarter) of the tympanic membrane. Up to half of the tympanic membrane and large ruptures (Large) included more than half of the tympanic membrane and to determine the extent of hearing loss in these patients in decibels, audiogram, tympanogram, ECV, SDS and SRT were performed on all patients. Results. The mean age of the patients was 35.44±11.70 years with a median of 33 years. The minimum age of the patients was 10 years and the maximum was 63 years. 72% of patients were male and 28% were female. Regarding the location of rupture of the eardrum in the studied patients, it was observed that in 60 cases (60%) the rupture was in the lower posterior location, in 38 cases (38%) it was in the upper posterior location and only in 2 cases (2%) it was in the middle location of the eardrum. Eleven percent of patients recovered in the first month, 44 percent in the second month, 21 percent in the third month, and 24 percent did not recover. Conclusion. It can be concluded that eardrum rupture seems to occur most frequently around the age of 30 and is more common in males. Also, the lack of improvement in the present study was 24%. In addition, in the present study, there was a statistically significant relationship between extensive bleeding of the eardrum and the space behind the eardrum and the time of repair. Practical Implications. in traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane proper care and prevention of infection cause high healing rate.
{"title":"Evaluation of influencing factors of treatment duration in patients with traumatic eardrum rupture","authors":"Masoud Naderpoor, N. Shahidi, Sahar Sadat Fardad, F. Kolahi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.017","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Traumatic rupture of the eardrum is one of the most common cases following traumatic events, requiring medical care and sometimes surgery for treatment, which means the imposition of financial costs on the individual and society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing treatment duration in patients with traumatic eardrum rupture. Methods. In this cross-sectional analytical study, 100 patients were selected in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Based on the otoscopic examination of the tympanic membrane, a small tear (Pin Point) was defined as a case that was less than 1.4 (quarter) of the tympanic membrane, and a medium tear (Medium) was defined as a rupture that was less than 1.4 (quarter) of the tympanic membrane. Up to half of the tympanic membrane and large ruptures (Large) included more than half of the tympanic membrane and to determine the extent of hearing loss in these patients in decibels, audiogram, tympanogram, ECV, SDS and SRT were performed on all patients. Results. The mean age of the patients was 35.44±11.70 years with a median of 33 years. The minimum age of the patients was 10 years and the maximum was 63 years. 72% of patients were male and 28% were female. Regarding the location of rupture of the eardrum in the studied patients, it was observed that in 60 cases (60%) the rupture was in the lower posterior location, in 38 cases (38%) it was in the upper posterior location and only in 2 cases (2%) it was in the middle location of the eardrum. Eleven percent of patients recovered in the first month, 44 percent in the second month, 21 percent in the third month, and 24 percent did not recover. Conclusion. It can be concluded that eardrum rupture seems to occur most frequently around the age of 30 and is more common in males. Also, the lack of improvement in the present study was 24%. In addition, in the present study, there was a statistically significant relationship between extensive bleeding of the eardrum and the space behind the eardrum and the time of repair. Practical Implications. in traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane proper care and prevention of infection cause high healing rate.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90248442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. It is still a matter of debate whether the evaluation of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) using a capnography device allows the evaluation of non-invasive monitoring of arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2). The aim of this study was to compare the value of ETCO2 by direct mainstream and PaCO2 based on arterial gas analysis (ABG) before and after cardiopulmonary bypass pump in children with congenital heart defects. Methods. Twenty nine children who were candidates for elective cardiac surgery and were admitted to the Children's Medical Center were enrolled. Before and after cardiopulmonary bypass pump, ETCO2 was evaluated based on mainstream technique and PaCO2 based on arterial gas analysis. Results. The mean difference between ETCO2 and PaCO2 values before cardiopulmonary bypass pump was 3/68 ± 5/32 mm Hg, which considering that the difference of less than 5 mm Hg is clinically negligible, indicates an acceptable agreement between them. However, the mean difference between the two indices after cardiopulmonary bypass pump was 7/0 ± 6/85 mm Hg that accordingly, the difference between the two measured values after cardiopulmonary bypass will be clinically significant. Conclusion. Preoperative ETCO2 evaluation can provide a close prediction of PaCO2 levels, but after pumping, direct arterial sampling should be taken to accurately measure PaCO2 levels in non-cyanotic patients undergoing heart surgery. Practical Implications. When confronting with a child with non-cyanotic heart defect undergoing surgery, we suggest relying on capnography as a mirror of arterial blood pressure of carbon dioxide. However, capnography may not be as reliable during early post-bypass period in this group of patients and repeated arterial blood samples may be necessary.
背景。使用血管造影设备评估终潮二氧化碳(ETCO2)是否允许评估动脉二氧化碳压力(PaCO2)的无创监测仍然是一个争论的问题。本研究的目的是比较先天性心脏缺陷患儿体外循环泵前后直接主流ETCO2与基于动脉气体分析(ABG)的PaCO2的价值。方法。29名在儿童医疗中心接受择期心脏手术的儿童被纳入研究。体外循环泵前后，采用主流技术评价ETCO2，采用动脉气体分析评价PaCO2。结果。体外循环泵送前ETCO2与PaCO2值的平均差异为3/68±5/32 mm Hg，考虑到小于5 mm Hg的差异在临床上可以忽略不计，两者之间的一致性是可以接受的。但体外循环泵后两项指标的平均差值为7/0±6/85 mm Hg，因此体外循环后两项测量值的差异具有临床意义。结论。术前ETCO2评估可以较好地预测PaCO2水平，但非青紫心脏手术患者在泵送后，需直接动脉采样才能准确测量PaCO2水平。实际意义。当面对接受手术的非紫绀型心脏缺陷的儿童时，我们建议依靠血管造影作为动脉二氧化碳血压的镜子。然而，在这组患者旁路手术后早期，血管造影可能不那么可靠，可能需要重复的动脉血液样本。
{"title":"Evaluation of the correlation between end-tidal arterial carbon dioxide pressure based on mainstream capnography technique and arterial carbon dioxide pressure based on arterial blood gas analysis before and after cardiopulmonary bypass pump in children with non-cyanotic congenital heart defects","authors":"Ashkan Taghizadeh, Hooman Naghashian, Rojin Faroughi, Behrang Nooralishahi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.019","url":null,"abstract":"Background. It is still a matter of debate whether the evaluation of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) using a capnography device allows the evaluation of non-invasive monitoring of arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2). The aim of this study was to compare the value of ETCO2 by direct mainstream and PaCO2 based on arterial gas analysis (ABG) before and after cardiopulmonary bypass pump in children with congenital heart defects. Methods. Twenty nine children who were candidates for elective cardiac surgery and were admitted to the Children's Medical Center were enrolled. Before and after cardiopulmonary bypass pump, ETCO2 was evaluated based on mainstream technique and PaCO2 based on arterial gas analysis. Results. The mean difference between ETCO2 and PaCO2 values before cardiopulmonary bypass pump was 3/68 ± 5/32 mm Hg, which considering that the difference of less than 5 mm Hg is clinically negligible, indicates an acceptable agreement between them. However, the mean difference between the two indices after cardiopulmonary bypass pump was 7/0 ± 6/85 mm Hg that accordingly, the difference between the two measured values after cardiopulmonary bypass will be clinically significant. Conclusion. Preoperative ETCO2 evaluation can provide a close prediction of PaCO2 levels, but after pumping, direct arterial sampling should be taken to accurately measure PaCO2 levels in non-cyanotic patients undergoing heart surgery. Practical Implications. When confronting with a child with non-cyanotic heart defect undergoing surgery, we suggest relying on capnography as a mirror of arterial blood pressure of carbon dioxide. However, capnography may not be as reliable during early post-bypass period in this group of patients and repeated arterial blood samples may be necessary.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74103337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Amiri, Marziyeh Alivandi Vafa, Behzad Dehghani Asl
Background. Psychiatric studies are influenced by geographical conditions and research methods. Among them, the use of diagnostic tools may cause controversy over the results of studies on psychiatric disorders as such ADHD. The aim of this study was to investigate comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods. In this study, 400 children and adolescents with ADHD were selected from the clients of Razi and Sharif Hospital Psychiatric Clinic. For sample selection, a demographic questionnaire and semi-structured diagnostic interview (K-SADS-PL) were utilized to evaluate the presence of psychiatric disorders. The duration of the project was 4 months. Results. The mean age of the patients was 9.16±2.46 years and the highest frequency was in the age group of 6 to 9 years (63%). Of the 400 patients studied, 73.3% were boys. The highest frequency of education was related to preschool (61.5%). A history of ADHD was positive in 10.8% in the father, 2.3% in the mother and 3.8% in both parents. Also, 9.5% of patients had a history of ADHD in their brother and 4% had a positive history of ADHD in their sister. The most common psychiatric disorder in the present study was oppositional defiant disorder (92%). One comorbid disorder was identifiable in more than 54% of participants. Conclusion. The most common psychiatric disorder in children with ADHD includes oppositional defiant disorder, which is more common in boys, although no significant differences was founded in terms of sex and age. Practical Implications. Findings of this study suggest that the clinicians, child psychologists and psychiatrists ought to take into consideration the probability of comorbid disorders with ADHD, since failing to consider them might directly influence the quality and quantity of treatments utilized.
背景。精神病学研究受地理条件和研究方法的影响。其中，诊断工具的使用可能会引起对ADHD等精神疾病研究结果的争议。本研究的目的是调查儿童和青少年注意缺陷多动障碍的共病精神障碍。方法。本研究选取Razi and Sharif医院精神科诊所的400名ADHD儿童及青少年为研究对象。在样本选择方面，采用人口统计问卷和半结构化诊断访谈(K-SADS-PL)来评估精神障碍的存在。项目持续时间为4个月。结果。患者平均年龄为9.16±2.46岁，以6 ~ 9岁年龄组发生率最高(63%)。在研究的400名患者中，73.3%是男孩。受教育频率最高的是学前教育(61.5%)。有ADHD病史的父亲为10.8%，母亲为2.3%，父母双方为3.8%。此外，9.5%的患者在他们的兄弟中有ADHD病史，4%的患者在他们的姐妹中有ADHD阳性病史。本研究中最常见的精神障碍是对立违抗性障碍(92%)。超过54%的参与者可识别出一种共病。结论。ADHD儿童中最常见的精神障碍包括对立违抗性障碍，这在男孩中更为常见，尽管在性别和年龄方面没有发现显著差异。实际意义。这项研究的结果表明，临床医生、儿童心理学家和精神科医生应该考虑ADHD共病障碍的可能性，因为不考虑它们可能会直接影响所采用治疗的质量和数量。
{"title":"Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A descriptive analytic study","authors":"S. Amiri, Marziyeh Alivandi Vafa, Behzad Dehghani Asl","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.010","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Psychiatric studies are influenced by geographical conditions and research methods. Among them, the use of diagnostic tools may cause controversy over the results of studies on psychiatric disorders as such ADHD. The aim of this study was to investigate comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods. In this study, 400 children and adolescents with ADHD were selected from the clients of Razi and Sharif Hospital Psychiatric Clinic. For sample selection, a demographic questionnaire and semi-structured diagnostic interview (K-SADS-PL) were utilized to evaluate the presence of psychiatric disorders. The duration of the project was 4 months. Results. The mean age of the patients was 9.16±2.46 years and the highest frequency was in the age group of 6 to 9 years (63%). Of the 400 patients studied, 73.3% were boys. The highest frequency of education was related to preschool (61.5%). A history of ADHD was positive in 10.8% in the father, 2.3% in the mother and 3.8% in both parents. Also, 9.5% of patients had a history of ADHD in their brother and 4% had a positive history of ADHD in their sister. The most common psychiatric disorder in the present study was oppositional defiant disorder (92%). One comorbid disorder was identifiable in more than 54% of participants. Conclusion. The most common psychiatric disorder in children with ADHD includes oppositional defiant disorder, which is more common in boys, although no significant differences was founded in terms of sex and age. Practical Implications. Findings of this study suggest that the clinicians, child psychologists and psychiatrists ought to take into consideration the probability of comorbid disorders with ADHD, since failing to consider them might directly influence the quality and quantity of treatments utilized.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78582566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Febrile seizures are the most common childhood seizure disorder, occurring in 3 to 15% of children. The present study investigated the laboratory parameters in children admitted with febrile seizure and those with fever without localized sign (FWLS) in Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia. Methods. Demographic and clinical data of all patients admitted to the pediatric ward of Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia from 2015 to 2020 with febrile seizure and fever without localized sign (FWLS) were collected. Levels of BUN, creatinine, blood sugar, sodium, potassium , calcium , C reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, white blood cell count, hematocrit, platelets, ESR (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ) and UA (urine analysis) and UC(urine cuiture), test results were also extracted from patients' file. Finally, the data extracted were compared between patients with febrile seizure and fever without localized sign (FWLS) cohort. Results. In this study, a total of 425 people were included, of which 185 were in the Febrile seizures group (case) and 240 were in the fever without localized sign (FWLS) (control) cohort, with 220 (51.8%) being male and 205 (48.2%) female. The mean age for all subjects was 20.62 ±4.84 months. There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean levels of BUN (P=0.041), creatinine (P=0.006), ESR (P<0.001) and CRP (P<0.001); The mean levels of BUN and creatinine in patients with febrile seizures were significantly higher than patients with fever without localized sign (FWLS) and the mean ESR and CRP in patients with fever without localized sign (FWLS) were significantly higher than patients with febrile seizures. Conclusion. There is a significant difference in BUN, creatinine, ESR and CRP levels between patients with febrile seizure and fever without localized sign (FWLS), which can be used to predict the course of fever in children. Practical Implications. None of the laboratory parameters predict the onset of fever and seizures following a simple fever.
{"title":"Comparison of laboratory parameters in children admitted with febrile seizures and fever without localized sign in Urmia Motahari hospital, Iran, 2015 until 2020","authors":"E. Abbasi, A. Ghazavi, Asma Firoozi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.013","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Febrile seizures are the most common childhood seizure disorder, occurring in 3 to 15% of children. The present study investigated the laboratory parameters in children admitted with febrile seizure and those with fever without localized sign (FWLS) in Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia. Methods. Demographic and clinical data of all patients admitted to the pediatric ward of Shahid Motahari Hospital in Urmia from 2015 to 2020 with febrile seizure and fever without localized sign (FWLS) were collected. Levels of BUN, creatinine, blood sugar, sodium, potassium , calcium , C reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, white blood cell count, hematocrit, platelets, ESR (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ) and UA (urine analysis) and UC(urine cuiture), test results were also extracted from patients' file. Finally, the data extracted were compared between patients with febrile seizure and fever without localized sign (FWLS) cohort. Results. In this study, a total of 425 people were included, of which 185 were in the Febrile seizures group (case) and 240 were in the fever without localized sign (FWLS) (control) cohort, with 220 (51.8%) being male and 205 (48.2%) female. The mean age for all subjects was 20.62 ±4.84 months. There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean levels of BUN (P=0.041), creatinine (P=0.006), ESR (P<0.001) and CRP (P<0.001); The mean levels of BUN and creatinine in patients with febrile seizures were significantly higher than patients with fever without localized sign (FWLS) and the mean ESR and CRP in patients with fever without localized sign (FWLS) were significantly higher than patients with febrile seizures. Conclusion. There is a significant difference in BUN, creatinine, ESR and CRP levels between patients with febrile seizure and fever without localized sign (FWLS), which can be used to predict the course of fever in children. Practical Implications. None of the laboratory parameters predict the onset of fever and seizures following a simple fever.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78758642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nima Forghani, Z. Karimi, M. Mokhtar, M. Shariati, F. Masjedi
Background. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive disorder in premenopausal women. This syndrome is also associated with many metabolic and cardiovascular complications. These complications are major risk factors for renal injury and kidney disease. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the types of functional and structural kidney injuries in a hyperandrogenic female rat model. Methods. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 each): control, sham, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Plasma total testosterone and kidney functional indices were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and colorimetric techniques. Ovarian and renal histological changes were also evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining. Results. Plasma total testosterone in the DHEA group increased about 9-fold compared to the control and sham groups. There was also a significant increase in Cr, BUN, and absolute excretion of sodium ion. Insignificant increases in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine flow rate (V0), and absolute excretion of potassium ion were observed in DHEA group compared to other groups. However, significant damages were observed in the glomerular and tubular parts of the kidneys and the follicular parts of the ovaries in DHEA-receiving rats. Conclusion. Hyperandrogenemia is likely to cause systemic abnormalities through a variety of mechanisms, followed by obvious destruction of kidney and ovarian tissues. Accordingly, DHEA administration provides a useful animal model for studying the mechanism of PCOS-mediated renal injury. Practical Implications. The present study Findings can be helpful in identifying the mechanism of PCOS-induced renal injury, especially in younger women.
{"title":"Functional and histopathological kidney injury in hyperandrogenic female rats - a polycystic ovary animal model","authors":"Nima Forghani, Z. Karimi, M. Mokhtar, M. Shariati, F. Masjedi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.011","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive disorder in premenopausal women. This syndrome is also associated with many metabolic and cardiovascular complications. These complications are major risk factors for renal injury and kidney disease. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the types of functional and structural kidney injuries in a hyperandrogenic female rat model. Methods. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 each): control, sham, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Plasma total testosterone and kidney functional indices were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and colorimetric techniques. Ovarian and renal histological changes were also evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining. Results. Plasma total testosterone in the DHEA group increased about 9-fold compared to the control and sham groups. There was also a significant increase in Cr, BUN, and absolute excretion of sodium ion. Insignificant increases in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine flow rate (V0), and absolute excretion of potassium ion were observed in DHEA group compared to other groups. However, significant damages were observed in the glomerular and tubular parts of the kidneys and the follicular parts of the ovaries in DHEA-receiving rats. Conclusion. Hyperandrogenemia is likely to cause systemic abnormalities through a variety of mechanisms, followed by obvious destruction of kidney and ovarian tissues. Accordingly, DHEA administration provides a useful animal model for studying the mechanism of PCOS-mediated renal injury. Practical Implications. The present study Findings can be helpful in identifying the mechanism of PCOS-induced renal injury, especially in younger women.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90046534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：