H. Shetabi, Leili Adinehmehr, Zahra Salehi-Cheliche
Background. Many studies have been performed to prevent nausea and vomiting after surgery with different drugs alone or in combination, but no definite answer has been given yet. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of an intranasal dose of dexamethasone on the prevention of nausea and vomiting after hysterectomy. Methods. In this clinical trial study, 70 patients undergone hysterectomy were randomly distributed into two groups of 35, and immediately after intubation, in the intervention group 0.5 ml of dexamethasone in each nostril (total 4mg) and in the control group 0.5 ml of distilled water was dripped in each nasal passage. Patients in the two groups were evaluated and compared during recovery and at 2, 12, and 24 hours after entering the ward for the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting and receiving anti-emetic medication. Results. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in recovery and ward was not significantly different between the two groups so that 3 patients in the distilled water group and 1 patient in the dexamethasone group experienced nausea in recovery (9.7% and 3.2%, respectively). The incidence of vomiting in recovery was 3 cases, all 3 cases (9.7%) were distilled water group. The severity of nausea in recovery (P= 0.55), in the second hour of admission (P= 0.12), in the next 12 hours (P= 0.19), and 24 hours later (P= 0.46) was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion. Intranasal dexamethasone (4 mg) is associated with an insignificant reduction in the incidence of PONV in post-hysterectomy pain. Practical Implications. Intranasal dexamethasone administration is a safe and effective method and can be associated with reduced incidence of nausea and vomiting and pain after hysterectomy.
{"title":"\u0000 A comparative study of the effect of intranasal dexamethasone and normal saline on the occurrence of nausea and vomiting after hysterectomy: a clinical trial study","authors":"H. Shetabi, Leili Adinehmehr, Zahra Salehi-Cheliche","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.004","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Many studies have been performed to prevent nausea and vomiting after surgery with different drugs alone or in combination, but no definite answer has been given yet. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of an intranasal dose of dexamethasone on the prevention of nausea and vomiting after hysterectomy. Methods. In this clinical trial study, 70 patients undergone hysterectomy were randomly distributed into two groups of 35, and immediately after intubation, in the intervention group 0.5 ml of dexamethasone in each nostril (total 4mg) and in the control group 0.5 ml of distilled water was dripped in each nasal passage. Patients in the two groups were evaluated and compared during recovery and at 2, 12, and 24 hours after entering the ward for the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting and receiving anti-emetic medication. Results. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in recovery and ward was not significantly different between the two groups so that 3 patients in the distilled water group and 1 patient in the dexamethasone group experienced nausea in recovery (9.7% and 3.2%, respectively). The incidence of vomiting in recovery was 3 cases, all 3 cases (9.7%) were distilled water group. The severity of nausea in recovery (P= 0.55), in the second hour of admission (P= 0.12), in the next 12 hours (P= 0.19), and 24 hours later (P= 0.46) was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion. Intranasal dexamethasone (4 mg) is associated with an insignificant reduction in the incidence of PONV in post-hysterectomy pain. Practical Implications. Intranasal dexamethasone administration is a safe and effective method and can be associated with reduced incidence of nausea and vomiting and pain after hysterectomy.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82804458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyedeh Tala Nabipour Hosseini, F. Abbasalizadeh, S. Hakimi, Fatemeh Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi
Background. During pregnancy, it is crucial to minimize maternal anxiety to maintain the mental and physical health of both the mother and fetus, especially in high-risk pregnancies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of family support on decreasing depressive and anxiety symptoms in women hospitalized with high-risk pregnancies in their third trimester. Methods. This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 70 high-risk pregnant women in their third trimester. Samples were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group walked for five weeks, five days a week, with their spouse or a family member for half an hour a day in the hospital. The control group received routine care. Participants completed the Spielberger Anxiety and Beck Depression Inventory once before and once a week during the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS.21 software using ANCOVA, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney U. Results. Results showed that the subjects were homogeneous in terms of mean overall score of anxiety before the intervention, and there is no significant difference between the intervention group 43.2 (±2.93) and the control group 42.63 (±3.3) (P=0.53). Statistical tests showed that, three weeks after the intervention, the mean anxiety score in the study group decreased significantly, and there was a significant difference in the mean anxiety score of women in the intervention 41.3(±3.07) and control 42.12(±3.6) groups (P=0.032). On the other hand, the level of state anxiety in the study group decreased (P=0.03). The results showed that the depression score after the intervention in the study group decreased significantly (P=0.001). Conclusion. Anxiety level and depression score decreased after the intervention. Practical Implications. The current study's results showed that talking to a spouse or relatives during pregnancy can increase women's peace of mind, and social support during hospitalization can reduce the anxiety and depression of the pregnant mother. Therefore, using such methods will be beneficial for the pregnant mother.
背景。在怀孕期间，尽量减少产妇的焦虑，以保持母亲和胎儿的身心健康是至关重要的，特别是在高危妊娠中。本研究旨在探讨家庭支持对减少高危妊娠晚期住院妇女抑郁和焦虑症状的影响。方法。本随机对照临床试验在70例妊娠晚期高危孕妇中进行。样本随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组连续五周，每周五天，与配偶或家庭成员每天在医院散步半小时。对照组接受常规护理。参与者在干预前完成一次斯皮尔伯格焦虑和贝克抑郁量表，干预期间每周完成一次。数据分析采用SPSS.21软件，采用ANCOVA、独立t检验和Mann-Whitney U. Results。结果显示，干预前被试焦虑总分均分具有同质性，干预组为43.2(±2.93)分，对照组为42.63(±3.3)分，差异无统计学意义(P=0.53)。统计学检验显示，干预后3周，研究组平均焦虑评分明显下降，干预组41.3(±3.07)组与对照组42.12(±3.6)组女性平均焦虑评分差异有统计学意义(P=0.032)。另一方面，实验组的状态焦虑水平下降(P=0.03)。结果显示，实验组干预后抑郁评分显著降低(P=0.001)。结论。干预后焦虑水平和抑郁评分下降。实际意义。目前的研究结果表明，在怀孕期间与配偶或亲戚交谈可以增加女性的内心平静，住院期间的社会支持可以减少怀孕母亲的焦虑和抑郁。因此，使用这样的方法对孕妈妈是有益的。
{"title":"The effect of family support on anxiety and depression in pregnant women with high-risk pregnancies hospitalized in the third trimester of pregnancy: Results of randomized controlled trial","authors":"Seyedeh Tala Nabipour Hosseini, F. Abbasalizadeh, S. Hakimi, Fatemeh Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.005","url":null,"abstract":"Background. During pregnancy, it is crucial to minimize maternal anxiety to maintain the mental and physical health of both the mother and fetus, especially in high-risk pregnancies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of family support on decreasing depressive and anxiety symptoms in women hospitalized with high-risk pregnancies in their third trimester. Methods. This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 70 high-risk pregnant women in their third trimester. Samples were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group walked for five weeks, five days a week, with their spouse or a family member for half an hour a day in the hospital. The control group received routine care. Participants completed the Spielberger Anxiety and Beck Depression Inventory once before and once a week during the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS.21 software using ANCOVA, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney U. Results. Results showed that the subjects were homogeneous in terms of mean overall score of anxiety before the intervention, and there is no significant difference between the intervention group 43.2 (±2.93) and the control group 42.63 (±3.3) (P=0.53). Statistical tests showed that, three weeks after the intervention, the mean anxiety score in the study group decreased significantly, and there was a significant difference in the mean anxiety score of women in the intervention 41.3(±3.07) and control 42.12(±3.6) groups (P=0.032). On the other hand, the level of state anxiety in the study group decreased (P=0.03). The results showed that the depression score after the intervention in the study group decreased significantly (P=0.001). Conclusion. Anxiety level and depression score decreased after the intervention. Practical Implications. The current study's results showed that talking to a spouse or relatives during pregnancy can increase women's peace of mind, and social support during hospitalization can reduce the anxiety and depression of the pregnant mother. Therefore, using such methods will be beneficial for the pregnant mother.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85712074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohsen Sarhady, S. Hosseini, S. Nurani Gharaborghe, Mahdi Panahian, Nazanin Sarlak
Background. The current study was conducted to investigate the balance performance of 7-12-year-old Iranian children based on functional reach tests. Methods. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 483 male and female students from the first to sixth grades. After measuring the height, weight, and length of the upper and lower limbs, the functional reach test was evaluated with the dominant limb, and the initial amount of the functional reach test was recorded by the examiner, and subsequently, the same protocol was used for the non-dominant limb, as well as two limbs. The final amount of functional reach was recorded, and the difference between the two was recorded in the test sheet. This process was repeated three times, and the average of these three attempts was recorded as the final score. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23, and its descriptive and inferential statistics were extracted. Pearson's correlation coefficient was also calculated to measure the correlation of anthropometric characteristics of height, weight, and body length. Results. In this study, 483 elementary school students with an average age of 9.53 years (minimum of 7 years and maximum of 12 years) and the average height of 138.217, as well as an average body mass index of 17.43 in the first to sixth grades, were evaluated. The normative scores for right, left, and two-handed functional reach tests were 20.45±7.87 cm, 22.46±8.09 cm, and 18.60±7.89 cm, respectively. The right and left lateral reach test scores were 14.68±6.01 cm and 14.90±6.01 cm, respectively. These scores significantly correlated with each other (p<0.001) and anthropometric characteristics. Conclusion. The results of the current study revealed that on 483 students from the first to the sixth-grade evaluation of functional reach and lateral reach, tests is vital for clinical use and assessing the balance of Iranian children. Due to the lower balance functional level of Iranian children than their peers in some other countries, there is a need for planning to increase physical activity and sports in school programs and at the community level. Practical Implications. The data obtained from functional reach tests in this study can be used to measure the balance performance of Iranian school-age children.
{"title":"Balance Performance of Iranian Children Aged 7-12 Years Based on Functional Reach Tests","authors":"Mohsen Sarhady, S. Hosseini, S. Nurani Gharaborghe, Mahdi Panahian, Nazanin Sarlak","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.006","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The current study was conducted to investigate the balance performance of 7-12-year-old Iranian children based on functional reach tests. Methods. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 483 male and female students from the first to sixth grades. After measuring the height, weight, and length of the upper and lower limbs, the functional reach test was evaluated with the dominant limb, and the initial amount of the functional reach test was recorded by the examiner, and subsequently, the same protocol was used for the non-dominant limb, as well as two limbs. The final amount of functional reach was recorded, and the difference between the two was recorded in the test sheet. This process was repeated three times, and the average of these three attempts was recorded as the final score. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23, and its descriptive and inferential statistics were extracted. Pearson's correlation coefficient was also calculated to measure the correlation of anthropometric characteristics of height, weight, and body length. Results. In this study, 483 elementary school students with an average age of 9.53 years (minimum of 7 years and maximum of 12 years) and the average height of 138.217, as well as an average body mass index of 17.43 in the first to sixth grades, were evaluated. The normative scores for right, left, and two-handed functional reach tests were 20.45±7.87 cm, 22.46±8.09 cm, and 18.60±7.89 cm, respectively. The right and left lateral reach test scores were 14.68±6.01 cm and 14.90±6.01 cm, respectively. These scores significantly correlated with each other (p<0.001) and anthropometric characteristics. Conclusion. The results of the current study revealed that on 483 students from the first to the sixth-grade evaluation of functional reach and lateral reach, tests is vital for clinical use and assessing the balance of Iranian children. Due to the lower balance functional level of Iranian children than their peers in some other countries, there is a need for planning to increase physical activity and sports in school programs and at the community level. Practical Implications. The data obtained from functional reach tests in this study can be used to measure the balance performance of Iranian school-age children.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79682710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kosar Baghernezhad, M. Somi, Dara Rahmanpour, M. Ghojazadeh, Leila Rsotamizadeh, Masood Shirmohammadi, H. Salehi-pourmehr, A. Naseri
Background. Chronic hepatitis B is associated with different long-term outcomes in various regions. One of the critical predictors of clinical outcomes is the genotype of Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The current study investigated the frequency of worldwide and Iranian national HBV genotypes. Methods. Electronic search was performed through Medline (via Ovid), Embase, Web of Science, and Persian databases. Furthermore, the references of eligible articles were manually checked. The quantitative synthesis was conducted using the 2nd version of comprehensive Meta-analysis software (CMA.2). Results. In total, 5817 records were retrieved, and after removing duplicate studies, 3701 were screened at the title/abstract level. A total of 350 eligible studies were identified in the end.D genotype had the highest frequency (43.50%; 95% CI: 39.60 to 47.50), and the H genotype had the lowest frequency (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.7) globally. In 29 studies conducted in Iran (97.0%), genotype D was identified. Genotype E was the most prevalent in the African Region, followed by A in the American Region, B and C in the South-East Asian Region, D in the European Region, and C in the Western Pacific Region. Conclusion. The most prevalent genotype of HCV worldwide and in Iran is D. Furthermore, HBV genotype frequencies vary according to WHO regions. A prediction of progression could be made based on these results. Practical Implications. 1.According to the results of the meta-analyses, the D genotype had the highest frequency (43.50%; 95% CI: 39.60 to 47.50) and the genotype H had the lowest frequency (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.7) globally. 2.In 29 studies conducted in Iran (97.0%), genotype D was identified. 3. Genotype E was the most prevalent in the African Region, followed by A in the American Region, B and C in the South-East Asian Region, D in the European Region, and C in the Western Pacific Region.
{"title":"Prevalence of Hepatitis B genotypes worldwide and in Iran: A meta-analysis","authors":"Kosar Baghernezhad, M. Somi, Dara Rahmanpour, M. Ghojazadeh, Leila Rsotamizadeh, Masood Shirmohammadi, H. Salehi-pourmehr, A. Naseri","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Chronic hepatitis B is associated with different long-term outcomes in various regions. One of the critical predictors of clinical outcomes is the genotype of Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The current study investigated the frequency of worldwide and Iranian national HBV genotypes. Methods. Electronic search was performed through Medline (via Ovid), Embase, Web of Science, and Persian databases. Furthermore, the references of eligible articles were manually checked. The quantitative synthesis was conducted using the 2nd version of comprehensive Meta-analysis software (CMA.2). Results. In total, 5817 records were retrieved, and after removing duplicate studies, 3701 were screened at the title/abstract level. A total of 350 eligible studies were identified in the end.D genotype had the highest frequency (43.50%; 95% CI: 39.60 to 47.50), and the H genotype had the lowest frequency (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.7) globally. In 29 studies conducted in Iran (97.0%), genotype D was identified. Genotype E was the most prevalent in the African Region, followed by A in the American Region, B and C in the South-East Asian Region, D in the European Region, and C in the Western Pacific Region. Conclusion. The most prevalent genotype of HCV worldwide and in Iran is D. Furthermore, HBV genotype frequencies vary according to WHO regions. A prediction of progression could be made based on these results. Practical Implications. 1.According to the results of the meta-analyses, the D genotype had the highest frequency (43.50%; 95% CI: 39.60 to 47.50) and the genotype H had the lowest frequency (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.7) globally. 2.In 29 studies conducted in Iran (97.0%), genotype D was identified. 3. Genotype E was the most prevalent in the African Region, followed by A in the American Region, B and C in the South-East Asian Region, D in the European Region, and C in the Western Pacific Region.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81668812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maedeh Nafari, F. Forouzesh, M. Ehsani-Ardakani, M. Rostami-Nejad
Background. One of the effective genes in the pathogenesis of the celiac disease is the Ets1 gene, which encodes the transcription factor Ets1 and is highly conserved during evolution. The Ets1 gene inhibits the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and the production of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by these cells and decreased expression of the Ets1 gene can lead to autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in Ets1 gene expression in the blood samples of patients with celiac disease compared with the control group. Methods. Blood samples were collected from twenty patients with celiac disease under a gluten-free diet and also from twenty healthy people. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, a specific primer pair of the Ets1 gene was designed and its expression changes were examined by real-time PCR. Results. The expression of the Ets1 gene in patients with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet did not show a significant difference compared with healthy individuals (p-value= 0.54).. Conclusion. Failure to observe a significant difference between the patient and the control group can be due to the effect of the duration of the gluten-free diet and also the inadvertent entry of gluten from hidden sources into the diet of patients under treatment. Practical Implications. According to the results observed in this study, it is possible that if the gluten-free diet is followed more strictly and over a longer period of time by patients with celiac disease, the expression of the Ets1 gene will proceed as we expected. This issue needs to be evaluated in future studies with a larger community.
{"title":"Ets1 gene (Ets Proto-Oncogene1) expression changes in patients with celiac disease under a gluten-free diet","authors":"Maedeh Nafari, F. Forouzesh, M. Ehsani-Ardakani, M. Rostami-Nejad","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.008","url":null,"abstract":"Background. One of the effective genes in the pathogenesis of the celiac disease is the Ets1 gene, which encodes the transcription factor Ets1 and is highly conserved during evolution. The Ets1 gene inhibits the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and the production of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by these cells and decreased expression of the Ets1 gene can lead to autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in Ets1 gene expression in the blood samples of patients with celiac disease compared with the control group. Methods. Blood samples were collected from twenty patients with celiac disease under a gluten-free diet and also from twenty healthy people. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, a specific primer pair of the Ets1 gene was designed and its expression changes were examined by real-time PCR. Results. The expression of the Ets1 gene in patients with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet did not show a significant difference compared with healthy individuals (p-value= 0.54).. Conclusion. Failure to observe a significant difference between the patient and the control group can be due to the effect of the duration of the gluten-free diet and also the inadvertent entry of gluten from hidden sources into the diet of patients under treatment. Practical Implications. According to the results observed in this study, it is possible that if the gluten-free diet is followed more strictly and over a longer period of time by patients with celiac disease, the expression of the Ets1 gene will proceed as we expected. This issue needs to be evaluated in future studies with a larger community.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76037051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Gestational diabetes is a metabolic disorder that occurs in more than 8% of all pregnancies. Hence, this study aims to investigate the relationship between gestational diabetes and the clinical outcomes of mothers and their infants in Ilam city. Methods. This study was conducted as a retrospective cohort. All diabetic pregnant mothers referring to obstetrics, gynecology clinics, and comprehensive health service centers were randomly selected. The clinical outcomes were analyzed using SPSS20. Results. In total, 332 pregnant women, including 166 diabetics and 166 non-diabetics with a mean age of 32.3 years, participated. Of the diabetic mothers, 31 people had overt diabetes before pregnancy. The results of this study revealed that the relative risk of neonatal jaundice in diabetic mothers was about seven times higher than that of non-diabetic mothers (P=0.001, RR=7). The relative risk of postpartum hemorrhage was about six times (P=0.001, RR=5.9), blood hypertension was two times (P=0.013, RR=2.4) and the need for cesarean delivery was two times (P=0.009, RR=2.6), preeclampsia was 1.4 times (P= 0.011, RR=1.4) neonatal infection was twice (P=0.002, RR=2.1), respiratory distress was one-third (P=0.012, RR=1.3), compared to non-diabetic mothers. Furthermore, diabetes and other clinical outcomes studied in mothers and infants were not significant. Conclusion. The results showed that pregnant mothers with diabetes are more likely to suffer from postpartum hemorrhage and blood pressure as well as toxemia during pregnancy. In addition, their neonates have a higher risk of neonatal icterus. Health care providers and pregnant mothers should consider these risks in prenatal care. Practical Implications. Since diabetes is a dangerous complication during pregnancy and can have detrimental effects on the mother and fetus, therefore, it is crucial to study the factors affecting its occurrence so that by recognizing the risk factors and consequences, an effective step can be taken to control this disorder.
{"title":"Assessment of the clinical outcomes of diabetes exposure during pregnancy on mothers and their neonates. A cohort study","authors":"Rasoul Behafarin, Dirakvand Ashraf, Veisani Yousef, Hadavi Marzye, Azizi Monirhe, Asadollahi Khairollah","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Gestational diabetes is a metabolic disorder that occurs in more than 8% of all pregnancies. Hence, this study aims to investigate the relationship between gestational diabetes and the clinical outcomes of mothers and their infants in Ilam city. Methods. This study was conducted as a retrospective cohort. All diabetic pregnant mothers referring to obstetrics, gynecology clinics, and comprehensive health service centers were randomly selected. The clinical outcomes were analyzed using SPSS20. Results. In total, 332 pregnant women, including 166 diabetics and 166 non-diabetics with a mean age of 32.3 years, participated. Of the diabetic mothers, 31 people had overt diabetes before pregnancy. The results of this study revealed that the relative risk of neonatal jaundice in diabetic mothers was about seven times higher than that of non-diabetic mothers (P=0.001, RR=7). The relative risk of postpartum hemorrhage was about six times (P=0.001, RR=5.9), blood hypertension was two times (P=0.013, RR=2.4) and the need for cesarean delivery was two times (P=0.009, RR=2.6), preeclampsia was 1.4 times (P= 0.011, RR=1.4) neonatal infection was twice (P=0.002, RR=2.1), respiratory distress was one-third (P=0.012, RR=1.3), compared to non-diabetic mothers. Furthermore, diabetes and other clinical outcomes studied in mothers and infants were not significant. Conclusion. The results showed that pregnant mothers with diabetes are more likely to suffer from postpartum hemorrhage and blood pressure as well as toxemia during pregnancy. In addition, their neonates have a higher risk of neonatal icterus. Health care providers and pregnant mothers should consider these risks in prenatal care. Practical Implications. Since diabetes is a dangerous complication during pregnancy and can have detrimental effects on the mother and fetus, therefore, it is crucial to study the factors affecting its occurrence so that by recognizing the risk factors and consequences, an effective step can be taken to control this disorder.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78166732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Farnood, Hamed Valizadeh, K. Ansarin, S. Zununi Vahed, Seyyed Sina Hejazian, A. Sadeghi, Leila Namvar, F. Rashidi, S. M. Hejazian, M. Ardalan, A. Sharifi
Background. COVID-19 disease is the cause of daily morbidity and mortality worldwide due to its high transmissibility and pathogenicity. To date, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) injection has been used as one of the various treatments for this disease. This study aimed to determine the effect of IVIg injection on the treatment of patients with Coronavirus-induced cytokine storm. Methods. A total of 174 patients with COVID-19 were included in this study based on their clinical characteristics and laboratory findings and were divided into two groups of IVIg recipients and non-recipients according to the treatment they received. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. IVIg was used to treat merely 20 patients and Kaletra and hemoperfusion drugs were used more among IVIg recipient patients (P=0.003 and P=0.001, respectively). COVID-19-positive PCR tests were significantly more frequent among IVIg recipients (P=0.026). The polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) count (P=0.007) and sodium level (P=0.007) were significantly higher in the IVIg recipient group on the first admission day. Moreover, INR levels in the IVIg recipient group were significantly lower on the seventh admission day (P=0.020). The median of total intensive care unit (ICU) duration of hospitalization among IVIg recipients was significantly higher (P=0.001). Conclusion. It seems that the use of IVIg in COVID-19 patients should be further investigated. Practical Implications. IVIg injection could decrease mortality and slightly increase the survival rate among COVID-19 patients.
{"title":"Injection of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for the treatment of Coronavirus induced cytokine storm","authors":"F. Farnood, Hamed Valizadeh, K. Ansarin, S. Zununi Vahed, Seyyed Sina Hejazian, A. Sadeghi, Leila Namvar, F. Rashidi, S. M. Hejazian, M. Ardalan, A. Sharifi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.045","url":null,"abstract":"Background. COVID-19 disease is the cause of daily morbidity and mortality worldwide due to its high transmissibility and pathogenicity. To date, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) injection has been used as one of the various treatments for this disease. This study aimed to determine the effect of IVIg injection on the treatment of patients with Coronavirus-induced cytokine storm. Methods. A total of 174 patients with COVID-19 were included in this study based on their clinical characteristics and laboratory findings and were divided into two groups of IVIg recipients and non-recipients according to the treatment they received. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. IVIg was used to treat merely 20 patients and Kaletra and hemoperfusion drugs were used more among IVIg recipient patients (P=0.003 and P=0.001, respectively). COVID-19-positive PCR tests were significantly more frequent among IVIg recipients (P=0.026). The polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) count (P=0.007) and sodium level (P=0.007) were significantly higher in the IVIg recipient group on the first admission day. Moreover, INR levels in the IVIg recipient group were significantly lower on the seventh admission day (P=0.020). The median of total intensive care unit (ICU) duration of hospitalization among IVIg recipients was significantly higher (P=0.001). Conclusion. It seems that the use of IVIg in COVID-19 patients should be further investigated. Practical Implications. IVIg injection could decrease mortality and slightly increase the survival rate among COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77023394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazanin Masoudi, M. Rezaei, M. Farahbakhsh, Hojjat Zamani-Sani, Salman Abdi, H. Sadeghi-Bazargani
Background. Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are one of the essential causes of mortality;therefore, it is crucial to investigate the influencing factors. Studies indicate that drivers with attention deficit disorder have weaker driving performance than others. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate their driving performance in various circumstances, given their distinctive driving patterns. Methods. In this methodological study, a total of 62 individuals in both genders, aged 18 to 59, 31 with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 31 in a control group were randomly referred to the Sahand driving simulator or take the tests of Vienna Test System (VTS),after a definitive diagnosis by a psychiatrist . This study protocol aims to compare the driving performance of ADHD drivers with that of control group drivers. In addition, a joint investigation of driving simulator assessments and the Vienna Test System (VTS) including Reaction time (RT) and Adaptive Tachistoscopic Traffic Perception Test (ATAVT) will be performed.
{"title":"Evaluating the risk of road traffic accidents (RTAs) and the reaction time of individuals with attention deficit disorder(ADD) in the virtual environment: A study protocol using the Sahand driving simulator and the Vienna test system","authors":"Nazanin Masoudi, M. Rezaei, M. Farahbakhsh, Hojjat Zamani-Sani, Salman Abdi, H. Sadeghi-Bazargani","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.041","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are one of the essential causes of mortality;therefore, it is crucial to investigate the influencing factors. Studies indicate that drivers with attention deficit disorder have weaker driving performance than others. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate their driving performance in various circumstances, given their distinctive driving patterns. Methods. In this methodological study, a total of 62 individuals in both genders, aged 18 to 59, 31 with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 31 in a control group were randomly referred to the Sahand driving simulator or take the tests of Vienna Test System (VTS),after a definitive diagnosis by a psychiatrist . This study protocol aims to compare the driving performance of ADHD drivers with that of control group drivers. In addition, a joint investigation of driving simulator assessments and the Vienna Test System (VTS) including Reaction time (RT) and Adaptive Tachistoscopic Traffic Perception Test (ATAVT) will be performed.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85218144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Negin Saeedi, S. Heysieattalab, M. Janahmadi, N. Hosseinmardi
Background. Glial cells release different gliotransmitters and response to neurotransmitters released from neurons. These cells especially astrocytes, having different transporters, play an important role in synaptic space homeostasis and synaptic plasticity. In this study, the role of hippocampal glial glutamate transporter (EAAT2) in baseline synaptic response and short term synaptic plasticity were investigated. Methods. In this experimental study, ceftriaxone, EAAT2 activator (0.5mmol/0.5μl), was microinjected intrahippcampally for activation of hippocampal glial glutamate transporter in male wistar rats. Baseline synaptic response and short term synaptic plasticity were evaluated by field potential recording. fEPSP was recorded from CA1 following Schaffer collaterals stimulation. After Input/Output curve construction, short term synaptic plasticity was induced by paired pulse stimulations. Results. Activation of EAAT2 by ceftriaxone microinjection in CA1 did not have any effect on baseline synaptic response (P> 0.05, Two Way ANOVA). There was no significant difference in Paired Pulse Index at 20, 80, and 200 ms inter-pulse interval between ceftriaxone treated and control group (P> 0.05, Two Way ANOVA). Conclusion. The results suggest that hippocampal glial glutamate transporter activation does not have effect on baseline synaptic response and short term synaptic plasticity in CA1 area of the hippocampus. Practical implications. Considering the role of glial cells in regulating the excitability of the nervous system as well as synaptic plasticity, correcting these features of the nervous system by manipulating glial cells can help the treatment or prevention of neurological diseases. In this study, the role of glial cells in the homeostasis of the glutamate in the synaptic space of the hippocampus was evaluated, through the stimulation of its uptake, on the basic synaptic activity and short-term synaptic plasticity.
{"title":"The role of glial glutamate transporter in the baseline synaptic response and short-term synaptic plasticity of CA1 area of the hippocampus in male Wistar rat","authors":"Negin Saeedi, S. Heysieattalab, M. Janahmadi, N. Hosseinmardi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.044","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Glial cells release different gliotransmitters and response to neurotransmitters released from neurons. These cells especially astrocytes, having different transporters, play an important role in synaptic space homeostasis and synaptic plasticity. In this study, the role of hippocampal glial glutamate transporter (EAAT2) in baseline synaptic response and short term synaptic plasticity were investigated. Methods. In this experimental study, ceftriaxone, EAAT2 activator (0.5mmol/0.5μl), was microinjected intrahippcampally for activation of hippocampal glial glutamate transporter in male wistar rats. Baseline synaptic response and short term synaptic plasticity were evaluated by field potential recording. fEPSP was recorded from CA1 following Schaffer collaterals stimulation. After Input/Output curve construction, short term synaptic plasticity was induced by paired pulse stimulations. Results. Activation of EAAT2 by ceftriaxone microinjection in CA1 did not have any effect on baseline synaptic response (P> 0.05, Two Way ANOVA). There was no significant difference in Paired Pulse Index at 20, 80, and 200 ms inter-pulse interval between ceftriaxone treated and control group (P> 0.05, Two Way ANOVA). Conclusion. The results suggest that hippocampal glial glutamate transporter activation does not have effect on baseline synaptic response and short term synaptic plasticity in CA1 area of the hippocampus. Practical implications. Considering the role of glial cells in regulating the excitability of the nervous system as well as synaptic plasticity, correcting these features of the nervous system by manipulating glial cells can help the treatment or prevention of neurological diseases. In this study, the role of glial cells in the homeostasis of the glutamate in the synaptic space of the hippocampus was evaluated, through the stimulation of its uptake, on the basic synaptic activity and short-term synaptic plasticity.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88282872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Zamani, H. Khoramshahi, Nasrin Khosravi, Saeed Hesam
Background. Mothers with autistic children suffer a lot of psychological and physical pressures that can affect their quality of life, emotional states, and judgment about medical services. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life, anxiety, and satisfaction with rehabilitation services for mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders and of non-autistic children in Ahvaz-Iran. Methods. In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 128 mothers with autistic children and 30 mothers with non-autistic children needing rehabilitation interventions were selected from Ahvaz rehabilitation centers. All participants were asked to complete Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREIF) questionnaire, 14-item Perceived Stress Scale as well as Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using a multivariate three-way ANOVA test. Results. It was found that mothers of autistic children had a significantly lower quality of life score than those without autistic children (P<0.001). However, the two groups had no significant difference in anxiety score (P=0.114) and satisfaction (P=0.079). Factors such as age, education, and occupation of mothers significantly affected the results (P<0.05). Moreover, mothers whose autistic children received rehabilitation services under one month had lower quality of life (P=0.003) and a higher level of anxiety (P=0.025) than those who received rehabilitation over six months. Conclusion. Middle-aged housewives with autistic children had the lowest mean quality of life score among all mothers studied. Mothers with a university education reported a lower level of satisfaction compared to mothers without a university education, indicating a higher level of expectations for their rehabilitation outcome. Practical Implications. Research findings can be applied in managing rehabilitation services for autistic children and their families.
{"title":"Comparison of quality of life, anxiety, and satisfaction with rehabilitation services among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders and those without autistic children in Ahvaz-Iran","authors":"P. Zamani, H. Khoramshahi, Nasrin Khosravi, Saeed Hesam","doi":"10.34172/mj.2022.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2022.047","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Mothers with autistic children suffer a lot of psychological and physical pressures that can affect their quality of life, emotional states, and judgment about medical services. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life, anxiety, and satisfaction with rehabilitation services for mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders and of non-autistic children in Ahvaz-Iran. Methods. In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 128 mothers with autistic children and 30 mothers with non-autistic children needing rehabilitation interventions were selected from Ahvaz rehabilitation centers. All participants were asked to complete Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREIF) questionnaire, 14-item Perceived Stress Scale as well as Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using a multivariate three-way ANOVA test. Results. It was found that mothers of autistic children had a significantly lower quality of life score than those without autistic children (P<0.001). However, the two groups had no significant difference in anxiety score (P=0.114) and satisfaction (P=0.079). Factors such as age, education, and occupation of mothers significantly affected the results (P<0.05). Moreover, mothers whose autistic children received rehabilitation services under one month had lower quality of life (P=0.003) and a higher level of anxiety (P=0.025) than those who received rehabilitation over six months. Conclusion. Middle-aged housewives with autistic children had the lowest mean quality of life score among all mothers studied. Mothers with a university education reported a lower level of satisfaction compared to mothers without a university education, indicating a higher level of expectations for their rehabilitation outcome. Practical Implications. Research findings can be applied in managing rehabilitation services for autistic children and their families.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84323620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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