Background. With the spread of the contagious disease of COVID-19, the necessity of quarantine came to prevent the transmission of the disease. For this reason, patients suffered from social isolation. On the other hand, in order to control and treat the disease, it was necessary to provide self-care training. The present study was designed with the aim of comparison of the effect of self-care training program in two methods of multi-media education and tele-nursing on social isolation in patients with COVID-19 in Bandar Abbas city. Methods. This study was performed as a quasi-experimental study on 88 patients with COVID-19 referred to comprehensive health service centers in Bandar Abbas in 2021. The research samples were selected through convenience method and were divided into two groups of multimedia training and tele-nursing using block random allocation. First, social isolation in patients with COVID-19 was assessed using the questionnaire in two groups and then self-care training was provided using multimedia and tele-nursing methods. At the end of day twenty-one, social isolation was measured again and the data was entered into SPSS software version 26 and analyzed. Results. There was no significant difference in pre-intervention assessment in term of social isolation score between the two groups (P>0.05). The results of the multiple covariance analysis test showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test of each dimension of social isolation, the mean score of the loneliness, social disability, social anxiety and social tolerance dimensions after the intervention in the telenursing group was significantly lower than that of the multimedia group (P<0.001). Conclusion. Educational methods such as multimedia education and tele-nursing for awareness and self-care education, along with other medical care, can reduce social isolation. Therefore, it is necessary to consider a self-care education program and provide information about the necessary care during COVID-19 disease for patients in comprehensive health service centers and to use tele-nursing for more effective self-care education. Practical Implications. Research findings can be applied in self-care training programs in infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
{"title":"Comparison the effect of self-care training program in two methods of multi-media education and tele-nursing on social isolation in patients with COVID-19 in Bandar Abbas","authors":"Elham Imani, Asma Khodami, Reza Jamhiry, Saeed HoseiniTeshnizi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.037","url":null,"abstract":"Background. With the spread of the contagious disease of COVID-19, the necessity of quarantine came to prevent the transmission of the disease. For this reason, patients suffered from social isolation. On the other hand, in order to control and treat the disease, it was necessary to provide self-care training. The present study was designed with the aim of comparison of the effect of self-care training program in two methods of multi-media education and tele-nursing on social isolation in patients with COVID-19 in Bandar Abbas city. Methods. This study was performed as a quasi-experimental study on 88 patients with COVID-19 referred to comprehensive health service centers in Bandar Abbas in 2021. The research samples were selected through convenience method and were divided into two groups of multimedia training and tele-nursing using block random allocation. First, social isolation in patients with COVID-19 was assessed using the questionnaire in two groups and then self-care training was provided using multimedia and tele-nursing methods. At the end of day twenty-one, social isolation was measured again and the data was entered into SPSS software version 26 and analyzed. Results. There was no significant difference in pre-intervention assessment in term of social isolation score between the two groups (P>0.05). The results of the multiple covariance analysis test showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test of each dimension of social isolation, the mean score of the loneliness, social disability, social anxiety and social tolerance dimensions after the intervention in the telenursing group was significantly lower than that of the multimedia group (P<0.001). Conclusion. Educational methods such as multimedia education and tele-nursing for awareness and self-care education, along with other medical care, can reduce social isolation. Therefore, it is necessary to consider a self-care education program and provide information about the necessary care during COVID-19 disease for patients in comprehensive health service centers and to use tele-nursing for more effective self-care education. Practical Implications. Research findings can be applied in self-care training programs in infectious diseases such as COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135315149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the serum levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Methods. In this descriptive sectional study, infants who were admitted to the neonatal and NICU of Tehran Children's Medical Center Hospital with any diagnosis during 2018-2020 with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency were included in the study. Serum levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus, and their relationship with vitamin D deficiency were recorded and investigated. Results. Among 400 included infants, 197 neonates (49.3%) had vitamin D deficiency and 203 (50.7%) had vitamin D insufficiency. The average serum level of vitamin D in studied infants was 11.477±3.55 ng/ml. There was no statistically significant relationship between the serum level of vitamin D in newborns and the serum levels of magnesium and phosphorus (P value = 0.118 and P value = 0.511), but there was a statistically significant relationship between the serum level of vitamin D and the serum level of calcium (P=0.0001). There was no statistically significant relationship between the level of serum vitamin D in newborns with the age and the gestational age of the newborn (P = 0.132 and P = 0.651). Still, a direct and significant statistical relationship was observed with the newborn's weight (P = 0.049). The average length of hospitalization in the examined infants was 16.39 ± 16.36 days. Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicated the presence of an inverse and significant correlation between the level of serum vitamin D in infants and the duration of hospitalization (P=0.036). In such a way with the reduction of vitamin D serum level, the time of hospitalization increased. Conclusion. This study showed a statistically significant relationship between low vitamin D serum levels with calcium serum levels. Practical Implications. In infants with low weight or hypocalcemia, there is a possibility of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D check is recommended to start treatment earlier and decrease the duration of hospitalization and other complications.
{"title":"Relationship between serum levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in infants with vitamin D deficiency","authors":"Razieh Sangsari, Maryam Saeedi, Kayvan mirnia, Masume Hajilo, Nastaran Azzizzadeh roudpishi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.035","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the serum levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Methods. In this descriptive sectional study, infants who were admitted to the neonatal and NICU of Tehran Children's Medical Center Hospital with any diagnosis during 2018-2020 with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency were included in the study. Serum levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus, and their relationship with vitamin D deficiency were recorded and investigated. Results. Among 400 included infants, 197 neonates (49.3%) had vitamin D deficiency and 203 (50.7%) had vitamin D insufficiency. The average serum level of vitamin D in studied infants was 11.477±3.55 ng/ml. There was no statistically significant relationship between the serum level of vitamin D in newborns and the serum levels of magnesium and phosphorus (P value = 0.118 and P value = 0.511), but there was a statistically significant relationship between the serum level of vitamin D and the serum level of calcium (P=0.0001). There was no statistically significant relationship between the level of serum vitamin D in newborns with the age and the gestational age of the newborn (P = 0.132 and P = 0.651). Still, a direct and significant statistical relationship was observed with the newborn's weight (P = 0.049). The average length of hospitalization in the examined infants was 16.39 ± 16.36 days. Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicated the presence of an inverse and significant correlation between the level of serum vitamin D in infants and the duration of hospitalization (P=0.036). In such a way with the reduction of vitamin D serum level, the time of hospitalization increased. Conclusion. This study showed a statistically significant relationship between low vitamin D serum levels with calcium serum levels. Practical Implications. In infants with low weight or hypocalcemia, there is a possibility of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D check is recommended to start treatment earlier and decrease the duration of hospitalization and other complications.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134919824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Amiri, P. Ahmadi, Marziyeh Alivandi Vafa, Ebrahim Zakeri
Background. Considering the importance of self-esteem as an influential variable in the mental health of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and also the inconsistent findings in the related literature, this study intended to compare the level of self-esteem in public, social, academic, and family contexts in students with and without ADHD. Methods. The research design was based on the causal-comparative study. The intended first population of this study consisted of students with ADHD who had visited the child and adolescent psychiatry clinic of Razi Hospital in Tabriz during 2021 (1400 in the solar calendar); the second population was made up of healthy counterparts of this clinical group (i.e., students without ADHD). Based on the purposive sampling method, 48 students who were diagnosed with ADHD without co-occurring psychiatric disorder by a child psychiatry specialist were selected as the study group. Also, 48 healthy students from Tabriz schools were selected as the group without ADHD. Results. Given the obtained results, a statistically significant difference was found between the ADHD group and the non-ADHD group in light of the composite scores of the self-esteem sub-components. The findings showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the public and the family subscales, that is, the public self-esteem of the group with ADHD was higher than the mean of the general self-esteem of the non-ADHD group, and the mean of the family self-esteem of the non-ADHD group was higher than that of the ADHD group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the social and academic subscales. Conclusion. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the self-esteem of students with ADHD in their inner world is different from other individuals’ inferences about the self-esteem of these children. In other words, these children had acceptable self-esteem in their psychological world according to their psychological conditions. In addition, considering the low family self-esteem of the participants with ADHD, the behavioral quality of these children’s parents and relatives may have affected how they define family relationships and consequently, lowered their value. Practical Implications. Considering the obtained results, it was suggested to pay attention to these children’s self-esteem in their interventions and use the potential of this variable in controlling individual and family behaviors.
{"title":"A comparative study on public, social, academic and family self-esteem in students with and without ADHD","authors":"S. Amiri, P. Ahmadi, Marziyeh Alivandi Vafa, Ebrahim Zakeri","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.028","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Considering the importance of self-esteem as an influential variable in the mental health of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and also the inconsistent findings in the related literature, this study intended to compare the level of self-esteem in public, social, academic, and family contexts in students with and without ADHD. Methods. The research design was based on the causal-comparative study. The intended first population of this study consisted of students with ADHD who had visited the child and adolescent psychiatry clinic of Razi Hospital in Tabriz during 2021 (1400 in the solar calendar); the second population was made up of healthy counterparts of this clinical group (i.e., students without ADHD). Based on the purposive sampling method, 48 students who were diagnosed with ADHD without co-occurring psychiatric disorder by a child psychiatry specialist were selected as the study group. Also, 48 healthy students from Tabriz schools were selected as the group without ADHD. Results. Given the obtained results, a statistically significant difference was found between the ADHD group and the non-ADHD group in light of the composite scores of the self-esteem sub-components. The findings showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the public and the family subscales, that is, the public self-esteem of the group with ADHD was higher than the mean of the general self-esteem of the non-ADHD group, and the mean of the family self-esteem of the non-ADHD group was higher than that of the ADHD group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the social and academic subscales. Conclusion. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the self-esteem of students with ADHD in their inner world is different from other individuals’ inferences about the self-esteem of these children. In other words, these children had acceptable self-esteem in their psychological world according to their psychological conditions. In addition, considering the low family self-esteem of the participants with ADHD, the behavioral quality of these children’s parents and relatives may have affected how they define family relationships and consequently, lowered their value. Practical Implications. Considering the obtained results, it was suggested to pay attention to these children’s self-esteem in their interventions and use the potential of this variable in controlling individual and family behaviors.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85104280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parisa Farahmandian, A. Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A. Fadaei, R. Sadeghi
Background. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Our aim in this study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to cadmium and the incidence of prostate cancer through conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis method. Methods. The Studies that investigated the relationship between cadmium and prostate cancer were searched and retrieved from the international databases until May 2022. (x2) and (I2) statistical tests were used respectively to determine the presence and size of heterogeneity; Egger's and Bagg's tests were used to determine the existence of diffusion bias; and meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were used to identify the source of heterogeneity. All analyses were performed by Stata (Version 15) statistical software. Results. It was observed that the relative risk of prostate cancer occurrence compared to the base group, in people exposed/exposed to a dose higher than the base level was equal to 1.05(95% CI:0.94-1.17; P=0.372); Meanwhile, no statistically significant relationship was observed between exposure to cadmium or exposure levels exceeding the baseline and prostate cancer. According to the results of Egger's test (P = 0.989) and Begg's (P= 0.787), diffusion distortion was not observed in this study. Conclusion. Based on the available evidence, although exposure to cadmium leads to an increase in the risk of prostate cancer, this risk increase is not statistically significant. Practical Implications. The World Health Organization should think with a more serious approach to the relationship between environmental health and cancers.
{"title":"The relationship between exposure to cadmium and the risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Parisa Farahmandian, A. Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A. Fadaei, R. Sadeghi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Our aim in this study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to cadmium and the incidence of prostate cancer through conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis method. Methods. The Studies that investigated the relationship between cadmium and prostate cancer were searched and retrieved from the international databases until May 2022. (x2) and (I2) statistical tests were used respectively to determine the presence and size of heterogeneity; Egger's and Bagg's tests were used to determine the existence of diffusion bias; and meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were used to identify the source of heterogeneity. All analyses were performed by Stata (Version 15) statistical software. Results. It was observed that the relative risk of prostate cancer occurrence compared to the base group, in people exposed/exposed to a dose higher than the base level was equal to 1.05(95% CI:0.94-1.17; P=0.372); Meanwhile, no statistically significant relationship was observed between exposure to cadmium or exposure levels exceeding the baseline and prostate cancer. According to the results of Egger's test (P = 0.989) and Begg's (P= 0.787), diffusion distortion was not observed in this study. Conclusion. Based on the available evidence, although exposure to cadmium leads to an increase in the risk of prostate cancer, this risk increase is not statistically significant. Practical Implications. The World Health Organization should think with a more serious approach to the relationship between environmental health and cancers.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86795296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. As one of the most frequent procedures, breast surgery puts high healthcare costs. The significance of surgical quality and complications before and after breast surgery entailed using methods with the highest outcomes and the least complications. Methods. Throughout this research, postoperative complications and factors affecting the quality of surgery were evaluated in the Kowsar hospital between the 2019 and 2020.Patients undergoing breast surgeries were randomly categorized into two groups: electrocautery (A) and harmonic scalpel (B). Results. Out of the 56 people, 28 patients were in group A, and the remaining 28 patients were in group B. After matching the patients, intraoperative bleeding, drainage rate, a period of drainage, duration of hospitalization in group B were significantly lower (P<0/05). Further, the extent of pain in both groups was different (P<0/001), so that there was less postoperative pain in women who experienced harmonic breast surgery. Patients throughout Group A reported more complications than in Group B, such that 7 (25%) of patients underwent limb anesthesia and 3 (10/7%) of patients experienced seroma, however, the difference between the two groups was not significant. Conclusion. Harmonic scalpel usage in breast surgery has fewer complications, better operation quality and shorter hospital stay than other older methods, so it is suggested that the use of harmonic scalpel may substitute different surgical strategies. Practical Implications. According to the results of this study, the use of harmonic has fewer complications for patients, and suffering of patients are reduced and they pay less.
{"title":"Comparison of the harmonic scalpel and electrocautery during breast surgery","authors":"H. Moaiery, Mohammad Yahya Faridi","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.032","url":null,"abstract":"Background. As one of the most frequent procedures, breast surgery puts high healthcare costs. The significance of surgical quality and complications before and after breast surgery entailed using methods with the highest outcomes and the least complications. Methods. Throughout this research, postoperative complications and factors affecting the quality of surgery were evaluated in the Kowsar hospital between the 2019 and 2020.Patients undergoing breast surgeries were randomly categorized into two groups: electrocautery (A) and harmonic scalpel (B). Results. Out of the 56 people, 28 patients were in group A, and the remaining 28 patients were in group B. After matching the patients, intraoperative bleeding, drainage rate, a period of drainage, duration of hospitalization in group B were significantly lower (P<0/05). Further, the extent of pain in both groups was different (P<0/001), so that there was less postoperative pain in women who experienced harmonic breast surgery. Patients throughout Group A reported more complications than in Group B, such that 7 (25%) of patients underwent limb anesthesia and 3 (10/7%) of patients experienced seroma, however, the difference between the two groups was not significant. Conclusion. Harmonic scalpel usage in breast surgery has fewer complications, better operation quality and shorter hospital stay than other older methods, so it is suggested that the use of harmonic scalpel may substitute different surgical strategies. Practical Implications. According to the results of this study, the use of harmonic has fewer complications for patients, and suffering of patients are reduced and they pay less.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87681401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Abdinia, Azar Dastranji, Aliakbar Abedini, Iman Moghbel, Golnaz Mobayen
Background. Influenza causes various seasonal respiratory diseases, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in children. Influenza is a highly contagious disease causing global pandemics. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and outcome of influenza in children admitted to the Tabriz Children's Hospital. Methods. This cross-sectional study included suspected influenza patients admitted to the Tabriz Children's Medical Center between 2014 and 2019 diagnosed with positive influenza through RT-PCR of pharyngeal secretions samples. Results. We evaluated 114 cases of influenza with a median age of 48 months (range: 2-156 months) and 53.5% were boys. A total of 87 cases (77%) were infected with subtype A/H3N2, which was the most frequent, followed by 2 cases (1.8%) of subtype A/H1N1, 23 cases (20.4%) of subtype B 23, and one case (0.8%) of uncategorized A subtype. The disease was common in winter with 63 cases (56.3%). Conclusion. The frequency of influenza in children during five years was 8.95%, which is higher in males. Also, the highest frequency of influenza in the present study was observed in the age group of 1 to 5 years. The mortality rate of influenza in children during the last five years was equal to 7.9%. Practical Implications. Children under 5 years of age are more susceptible to influenza (especially type A subtype H3N2) and higher hospitalization rate and mortality, which can be prevented with a vaccine.
{"title":"The frequency and outcome of Influenza in children admitted to Tabriz children's training and treatment center in Northwest Iran During 2014-2019","authors":"B. Abdinia, Azar Dastranji, Aliakbar Abedini, Iman Moghbel, Golnaz Mobayen","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.027","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Influenza causes various seasonal respiratory diseases, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in children. Influenza is a highly contagious disease causing global pandemics. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and outcome of influenza in children admitted to the Tabriz Children's Hospital. Methods. This cross-sectional study included suspected influenza patients admitted to the Tabriz Children's Medical Center between 2014 and 2019 diagnosed with positive influenza through RT-PCR of pharyngeal secretions samples. Results. We evaluated 114 cases of influenza with a median age of 48 months (range: 2-156 months) and 53.5% were boys. A total of 87 cases (77%) were infected with subtype A/H3N2, which was the most frequent, followed by 2 cases (1.8%) of subtype A/H1N1, 23 cases (20.4%) of subtype B 23, and one case (0.8%) of uncategorized A subtype. The disease was common in winter with 63 cases (56.3%). Conclusion. The frequency of influenza in children during five years was 8.95%, which is higher in males. Also, the highest frequency of influenza in the present study was observed in the age group of 1 to 5 years. The mortality rate of influenza in children during the last five years was equal to 7.9%. Practical Implications. Children under 5 years of age are more susceptible to influenza (especially type A subtype H3N2) and higher hospitalization rate and mortality, which can be prevented with a vaccine.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81677436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Aboutaleb, Mahdieh Mehrab Mohseni, Maryam Naseroleslami
Background. Cardiac ischemia is the major cause of morbidity and mortality which can be increased by Statins. This study aimed to increase the effectiveness of simvastatin in the form of niosomes. Methods. In this study, 25 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control, ischemia (induced by closed LAD), ischemia receiving nano-niosomes, ischemia receiving simvastatin, and ischemia receiving simvastatin-loaded nano-niosomes. One month after the drug injection, RNA was extracted from the heart tissue of the studied groups, cDNA was synthesized, and a real-time PCR test was performed using specific primers. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was used to investigate the effect of the interventions, and Tukey's post hoc test was used to investigate a significant difference (P<0.05) between the control groups and other groups as well as between intervention groups. Results. Apoptosis and autophagy increased significantly in the ischemia group compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the simvastatin-loaded nano-niosomes group, compared to the simvastatin group, apoptosis and autophagy showed a significant decrease (P<0.05), and also in both simvastatin-loaded nano-niosomes and simvastatin group, compared to the control group, apoptosis and autophagy showed a significant decrease. (P<0.05). Conclusion. Simvastatin is an effective drug in the recovery of cardiac ischemia, but the main problem in using simvastatin is its instability and degradability, and the use of its niosomes form solves this problem properly. Practical Implications. Simvastatin‑loaded nano‑niosomes is more effective in reducing heart ischemia damage compared to simvastatin.
{"title":"Cardioprotective effects of simvastatin‑loaded nano‑niosomes on cardiomyocytes in cardiac ischemia","authors":"N. Aboutaleb, Mahdieh Mehrab Mohseni, Maryam Naseroleslami","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Cardiac ischemia is the major cause of morbidity and mortality which can be increased by Statins. This study aimed to increase the effectiveness of simvastatin in the form of niosomes. Methods. In this study, 25 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control, ischemia (induced by closed LAD), ischemia receiving nano-niosomes, ischemia receiving simvastatin, and ischemia receiving simvastatin-loaded nano-niosomes. One month after the drug injection, RNA was extracted from the heart tissue of the studied groups, cDNA was synthesized, and a real-time PCR test was performed using specific primers. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was used to investigate the effect of the interventions, and Tukey's post hoc test was used to investigate a significant difference (P<0.05) between the control groups and other groups as well as between intervention groups. Results. Apoptosis and autophagy increased significantly in the ischemia group compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the simvastatin-loaded nano-niosomes group, compared to the simvastatin group, apoptosis and autophagy showed a significant decrease (P<0.05), and also in both simvastatin-loaded nano-niosomes and simvastatin group, compared to the control group, apoptosis and autophagy showed a significant decrease. (P<0.05). Conclusion. Simvastatin is an effective drug in the recovery of cardiac ischemia, but the main problem in using simvastatin is its instability and degradability, and the use of its niosomes form solves this problem properly. Practical Implications. Simvastatin‑loaded nano‑niosomes is more effective in reducing heart ischemia damage compared to simvastatin.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79136039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farshad Ghorbaniou, A. Jafarnezhadgero, Piran Hamlabadi Milad
Background. Due to the special structure of the knee joint in genu valgus individuals, neuromuscular characteristics of muscles can be disturbed and this may change postural control. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of training with an elastic band on the frequency spectrum of lower limb muscles in genu valgum patients during running. Methods. This study was a clinical trial in which 24 male students (20-30 years old) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Corrective exercises were performed for 8 weeks using an elastic band for the experimental group. The electrical activity of selected muscles was recorded by an electromyography system. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA test at the significant level of 0.05. Results. Findings showed a significant increase in the frequency spectrum of rectus femoris (P=0.026; d=1.669) after training. Conclusion. Quadriceps muscles increase knee joint stability along with balance during movements. Therefore, increasing the median frequency of knee joint muscles improve balance. Practical Implications. The results of this study showed that exercises with elastic bands are useful for people with Genu valgum, and in particular, the use of these exercises leads to improved balance and performance.
{"title":"Effect of 8 weeks of training with an elastic band on frequency spectrum of lower limb muscles in genu valgum patients during running","authors":"Farshad Ghorbaniou, A. Jafarnezhadgero, Piran Hamlabadi Milad","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Due to the special structure of the knee joint in genu valgus individuals, neuromuscular characteristics of muscles can be disturbed and this may change postural control. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of training with an elastic band on the frequency spectrum of lower limb muscles in genu valgum patients during running. Methods. This study was a clinical trial in which 24 male students (20-30 years old) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Corrective exercises were performed for 8 weeks using an elastic band for the experimental group. The electrical activity of selected muscles was recorded by an electromyography system. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA test at the significant level of 0.05. Results. Findings showed a significant increase in the frequency spectrum of rectus femoris (P=0.026; d=1.669) after training. Conclusion. Quadriceps muscles increase knee joint stability along with balance during movements. Therefore, increasing the median frequency of knee joint muscles improve balance. Practical Implications. The results of this study showed that exercises with elastic bands are useful for people with Genu valgum, and in particular, the use of these exercises leads to improved balance and performance.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84664718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roghayeh Eydi Khatibi, Z. Khanjani, J. Babapour, Abbas Bakhshipour Rudsari, Majid Mahmoud Alilou
Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the self-silencing model in reducing depression and increasing self-expression of depressed women. The self-silencing model is influenced by cognitive, attachment, and gestalt theories, and the role of social and cultural factors is emphasized in it, and these factors lead to depression in women by creating obstacles in expressing their wishes, opinions, and desires. Methods. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and with random replacement. In this study, using the study of treatment protocols, as well as receiving guidance from the theorists of this model and their colleagues, intervention programs based on it were prepared. The sample of this study included 30 femle teachers from 20 to 40 years old with bachelor's degrees who had depressive symptoms based on the results of The Beck questionnaire and clinical interview. Thus, the research sample included the self-silencing group and the control group, which were obtained from each pre-test and post-test group using the self-expression questionnaire and The Beck questionnaire. Between pre-test and post-test, experimental group received an intervention program. Finally, the scores obtained from pre-test and post-test were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS software. Results. The results of data analysis showed that the intervention based on self-silencing is effective in reducing the depression of the experimental group. Likewise, this intervention method increased self-expression in the experimental group. No significant change was observed in the control group. Conclusion. According to the findings of this research, it can be said that using the self-silencing model can be an efficient method in reducing women's depression symptoms and increasing self-expression in them. Practical Implications. Psychotherapists can use the self-silencing model as one of the effective methods to reduce the symptoms of depression.
{"title":"Efficacy of the intervention based on the self-silencing model in reducing depression and increasing self-expression in women with depression symptoms","authors":"Roghayeh Eydi Khatibi, Z. Khanjani, J. Babapour, Abbas Bakhshipour Rudsari, Majid Mahmoud Alilou","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.029","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the self-silencing model in reducing depression and increasing self-expression of depressed women. The self-silencing model is influenced by cognitive, attachment, and gestalt theories, and the role of social and cultural factors is emphasized in it, and these factors lead to depression in women by creating obstacles in expressing their wishes, opinions, and desires. Methods. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and with random replacement. In this study, using the study of treatment protocols, as well as receiving guidance from the theorists of this model and their colleagues, intervention programs based on it were prepared. The sample of this study included 30 femle teachers from 20 to 40 years old with bachelor's degrees who had depressive symptoms based on the results of The Beck questionnaire and clinical interview. Thus, the research sample included the self-silencing group and the control group, which were obtained from each pre-test and post-test group using the self-expression questionnaire and The Beck questionnaire. Between pre-test and post-test, experimental group received an intervention program. Finally, the scores obtained from pre-test and post-test were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS software. Results. The results of data analysis showed that the intervention based on self-silencing is effective in reducing the depression of the experimental group. Likewise, this intervention method increased self-expression in the experimental group. No significant change was observed in the control group. Conclusion. According to the findings of this research, it can be said that using the self-silencing model can be an efficient method in reducing women's depression symptoms and increasing self-expression in them. Practical Implications. Psychotherapists can use the self-silencing model as one of the effective methods to reduce the symptoms of depression.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88663482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sepideh Harzand Jadidi, Mohanna Ghorbani, M. Farahbakhsh
Background. Drugged driving is a growing traffic safety issue in many countries. Adequate knowledge of physicians concerning the effects of different medicines on driving can help them prescribe safer medications. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of family physicians regarding the effect of medicines on driving. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 91 family physicians in East Azerbaijan Province. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. This study considered knowledge and attitude as dependent variables and demographic characteristics as independent variables. To investigate the relationship between independent and dependent variables, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, and multiple linear regression were used. Data were analyzed using Stata version 17. Results. According to the results, almost 65 (71.43%) of the participants were women and 26 (28.57%) were men with an average age of 31.54 years. The average score of physicians’ attitude about the effect of medicines on driving was 71.70 ± 14.94, and the average score of their knowledge was 37.52 ± 10.23. Therefore, 44 (48.35%) of the physicians had a good level of attitude, whereas 46 (52.87%) of them had a low level of knowledge regarding medications and driving. Receiving education regarding medications and driving was significantly correlated with the level of knowledge and the attitude of physicians (P<0.05). However, no significant relationship was observed between the attitude and knowledge of physicians and other demographic variables. Conclusion. Considering physicians’ inadequate knowledge regarding the effect of medicines on driving, it is essential to hold training and retraining courses in the field of medicines and driving for physicians and develop a classification system for the drugs affecting driving in Iran. Practical Implications. The findings of this study can be presented to the policy-makers of the Ministry of Health in order to provide an opportunity to boost the knowledge and attitude of physicians regarding medicines and driving with the support of universities of medical sciences. As a result, an important step can be taken to reduce traffic accidents caused by prescription medicines.
背景。在许多国家，服药后驾车是一个日益严重的交通安全问题。让医生充分了解不同药物对驾驶的影响，可以帮助他们开出更安全的药物。本研究旨在了解家庭医生对药物对驾驶影响的认知及态度。方法。本横断面研究在东阿塞拜疆省的91名家庭医生中进行。数据收集采用研究者自行制作的问卷。本研究以知识和态度为因变量，以人口统计学特征为自变量。为了研究自变量和因变量之间的关系，使用了独立t检验、单因素方差分析(ANOVA)、卡方和多元线性回归。使用Stata version 17分析数据。结果。结果显示，近65人(71.43%)为女性，26人(28.57%)为男性，平均年龄为31.54岁。医师对药物影响驾驶态度的平均得分为71.70±14.94分，对药物影响驾驶知识的平均得分为37.52±10.23分。因此，有44名(48.35%)医生对药物和驾驶知识的了解程度较好，46名(52.87%)医生对药物和驾驶知识的了解程度较低。接受药物和驾驶知识教育与医师的知识水平和态度有显著相关(P<0.05)。然而，医生的态度和知识与其他人口统计学变量之间没有显著的关系。结论。考虑到医生对药物对驾驶的影响认识不足，必须为医生举办药物和驾驶领域的培训和再培训课程，并制定伊朗影响驾驶的药物分类系统。实际意义。这项研究的结果可以提交给卫生部的决策者，以便在医学大学的支持下提供机会，提高医生对药物和驾驶的知识和态度。因此，可以采取重要的一步来减少由处方药引起的交通事故。
{"title":"Evaluating knowledge and attitude of physicians regarding medicinal drugs and driving: a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study","authors":"Sepideh Harzand Jadidi, Mohanna Ghorbani, M. Farahbakhsh","doi":"10.34172/mj.2023.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2023.030","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Drugged driving is a growing traffic safety issue in many countries. Adequate knowledge of physicians concerning the effects of different medicines on driving can help them prescribe safer medications. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of family physicians regarding the effect of medicines on driving. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 91 family physicians in East Azerbaijan Province. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. This study considered knowledge and attitude as dependent variables and demographic characteristics as independent variables. To investigate the relationship between independent and dependent variables, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, and multiple linear regression were used. Data were analyzed using Stata version 17. Results. According to the results, almost 65 (71.43%) of the participants were women and 26 (28.57%) were men with an average age of 31.54 years. The average score of physicians’ attitude about the effect of medicines on driving was 71.70 ± 14.94, and the average score of their knowledge was 37.52 ± 10.23. Therefore, 44 (48.35%) of the physicians had a good level of attitude, whereas 46 (52.87%) of them had a low level of knowledge regarding medications and driving. Receiving education regarding medications and driving was significantly correlated with the level of knowledge and the attitude of physicians (P<0.05). However, no significant relationship was observed between the attitude and knowledge of physicians and other demographic variables. Conclusion. Considering physicians’ inadequate knowledge regarding the effect of medicines on driving, it is essential to hold training and retraining courses in the field of medicines and driving for physicians and develop a classification system for the drugs affecting driving in Iran. Practical Implications. The findings of this study can be presented to the policy-makers of the Ministry of Health in order to provide an opportunity to boost the knowledge and attitude of physicians regarding medicines and driving with the support of universities of medical sciences. As a result, an important step can be taken to reduce traffic accidents caused by prescription medicines.","PeriodicalId":18474,"journal":{"name":"Medical journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84256086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：