Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000487142.45225.54
Leah A. Davis, Awad M. Almuklass, Karim Derquaoi, Landon Hamilton, J. Hebert, T. Vollmer, E. Alvarez, R. Enoka
{"title":"Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Can Improve Walking Endurance In Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis: 2573 Board #96 June 3, 9: 30 AM - 11: 00 AM.","authors":"Leah A. Davis, Awad M. Almuklass, Karim Derquaoi, Landon Hamilton, J. Hebert, T. Vollmer, E. Alvarez, R. Enoka","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000487142.45225.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000487142.45225.54","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75312999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000486707.89821.db
Lesley W. Vandermark, Pryor Jl, Riana R. Pryor, Lindsay J. DiStefano, D. Casa
Oxidative stress is known to be involved in many adverse mechanisms. Few studies have examined the effects of dehydration on oxidative stress. PURPOSE: Examine the effect of dehydration on plasma oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in collegiate athletes. METHODS: Eighty-two athletes (56 male, 26 female) were recruited to undergo an acute dehydration (3% body weight), rehydration protocol. Subjects reported to the lab for baseline anthropometrics and blood sampling. The dehydration protocol required subjects to participate in their respective training until 3% of pre-weight body mass was lost. They reported back to the lab where a blood sample was immediately collected. Subjects then drank Gatorade until body weight was reestablished to baseline values. Plasma was collected at 80 min post full re-hydration (PFR) and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 degrees Celsius until analysis. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring F2-isoprostane lipid oxidation via EIA kit. Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) was used to measure plasma antioxidant potential. Plasma osmolality was determined by freezing point depression by an osmometer. Statistical analysis consisted of 1-way ANOVA. All values are reported as mean ± SD. RESULTS: Plasma osmolality (280.9 mOsm ± 14.2) significantly elevated (286.2 mOsm ± 15.8) post exercise (p= 0.031), but returned to below normal values (282.1 mOsm ± 15.3) PFR. Plasma FRAP (uM/L ascorbate equivalents) values also increased post dehydration (pre: 0.237 ± 0.068, post: 0.286 ± 0.279), and decreased to near baseline levels PFR (0.247 ± 0.150) but only exhibited a statistical trend (P=0.08). Mean concentrations of F2-isoprostanes (pg/mL) declined from (437.6 ± 125.5) at baseline to (77.5 ± 496) post dehydration, and then rose to (699.73 ± 154.2) PFR (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that dehydration causes dramatic increases in plasma osmolality and antioxidant potential. Increased concentrations of antioxidants might be responsible for the reduction in F2-isoprostanes immediately post exercise. This decrease is followed by a large increase at 80 min post full rehydration despite normalization of plasma osmolality. The reasons for the decrease post dehydration and increase after rehydration in F2-isoprostanes warrants further examination.
{"title":"Beverage Content Influences Voluntary Fluid Intake During Exercise: A Systematic Review: 2034 Board #186 June 2, 2: 00 PM - 3: 30 PM.","authors":"Lesley W. Vandermark, Pryor Jl, Riana R. Pryor, Lindsay J. DiStefano, D. Casa","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000486707.89821.db","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000486707.89821.db","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is known to be involved in many adverse mechanisms. Few studies have examined the effects of dehydration on oxidative stress. PURPOSE: Examine the effect of dehydration on plasma oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in collegiate athletes. METHODS: Eighty-two athletes (56 male, 26 female) were recruited to undergo an acute dehydration (3% body weight), rehydration protocol. Subjects reported to the lab for baseline anthropometrics and blood sampling. The dehydration protocol required subjects to participate in their respective training until 3% of pre-weight body mass was lost. They reported back to the lab where a blood sample was immediately collected. Subjects then drank Gatorade until body weight was reestablished to baseline values. Plasma was collected at 80 min post full re-hydration (PFR) and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 degrees Celsius until analysis. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring F2-isoprostane lipid oxidation via EIA kit. Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) was used to measure plasma antioxidant potential. Plasma osmolality was determined by freezing point depression by an osmometer. Statistical analysis consisted of 1-way ANOVA. All values are reported as mean ± SD. RESULTS: Plasma osmolality (280.9 mOsm ± 14.2) significantly elevated (286.2 mOsm ± 15.8) post exercise (p= 0.031), but returned to below normal values (282.1 mOsm ± 15.3) PFR. Plasma FRAP (uM/L ascorbate equivalents) values also increased post dehydration (pre: 0.237 ± 0.068, post: 0.286 ± 0.279), and decreased to near baseline levels PFR (0.247 ± 0.150) but only exhibited a statistical trend (P=0.08). Mean concentrations of F2-isoprostanes (pg/mL) declined from (437.6 ± 125.5) at baseline to (77.5 ± 496) post dehydration, and then rose to (699.73 ± 154.2) PFR (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that dehydration causes dramatic increases in plasma osmolality and antioxidant potential. Increased concentrations of antioxidants might be responsible for the reduction in F2-isoprostanes immediately post exercise. This decrease is followed by a large increase at 80 min post full rehydration despite normalization of plasma osmolality. The reasons for the decrease post dehydration and increase after rehydration in F2-isoprostanes warrants further examination.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84409586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000485306.55049.df
Tayler N. Nick, D. Cluphf, Linsday Ross-Steward, Benjamin L. Webb, Bryan W. Smith
{"title":"Physiological Changes in College Students Following a Single Semester Physical Activity Class: 375 Board #212 June 1, 11: 00 AM - 12: 30 PM.","authors":"Tayler N. Nick, D. Cluphf, Linsday Ross-Steward, Benjamin L. Webb, Bryan W. Smith","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000485306.55049.df","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000485306.55049.df","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77730414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000488030.68011.b1
Breanne S. Baker, R. Reiser
{"title":"A Longitudinal Assessment Of Bone Mineral Density And Content In Competitive Cyclists: 3627 Board #66 June 4, 9: 30 AM - 11: 00 AM.","authors":"Breanne S. Baker, R. Reiser","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000488030.68011.b1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000488030.68011.b1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75634149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000487977.60927.ef
Matthew R Lunde, J. O'kroy
Resistance loading is important to correct power determinations using the Wingate power output test. In football linemen who have very heavy body weights, much of which can be fat mass, the standard loading of 7.5% may result in a resistance too heavy for them to complete the test adequately. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if excessive body weight will result in peak power output (PPO) and fatigue index (FI) not being accurately assessed at the standard resistance of 7.5% on the Wingate test. METHODS: Eleven division three collegiate football athletes (mean + SD: age, 19.09 ± 0.54 yrs; height, 188.19 ± 3.51 cm; weight, 131.50 ± 14.33 kg; percent fat, 31.58 ± 4.29 %) participated in the current study. All subjects performed three, 30 second Wingate tests at the following resistances, 5.5%, 6.5%, and 7.5% in a randomized order to assess PPO and FI. Each Wingate test was performed on different days with at least four days’ rest between trials. RESULTS: PPO and FI were significantly different between the three resistance groups (p < 0.05). The 5.5% resistance setting produced the lowest PPO (1038.3 ± 82.3 Watts) and fatigue index (15.29 ± 3.66 W/S). The 7.5% resistance setting had the highest PPO (1413.10 ± 125.64 Watts) and fatigue index (25.97 ± 5.27 W/S). At the 6.5% resistance setting, data were between the two other groups and different from the other groups. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, excessive body weight individuals should perform the standard resistance of 7.5% on the Wingate test instead of lower resistances to obtain a true peak power output and fatigue index.
{"title":"Effects of Excessive Body Weight on Wingate Test Performance: 3574 Board #13 June 4, 8: 00 AM - 9: 30 AM.","authors":"Matthew R Lunde, J. O'kroy","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000487977.60927.ef","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000487977.60927.ef","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance loading is important to correct power determinations using the Wingate power output test. In football linemen who have very heavy body weights, much of which can be fat mass, the standard loading of 7.5% may result in a resistance too heavy for them to complete the test adequately. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if excessive body weight will result in peak power output (PPO) and fatigue index (FI) not being accurately assessed at the standard resistance of 7.5% on the Wingate test. METHODS: Eleven division three collegiate football athletes (mean + SD: age, 19.09 ± 0.54 yrs; height, 188.19 ± 3.51 cm; weight, 131.50 ± 14.33 kg; percent fat, 31.58 ± 4.29 %) participated in the current study. All subjects performed three, 30 second Wingate tests at the following resistances, 5.5%, 6.5%, and 7.5% in a randomized order to assess PPO and FI. Each Wingate test was performed on different days with at least four days’ rest between trials. RESULTS: PPO and FI were significantly different between the three resistance groups (p < 0.05). The 5.5% resistance setting produced the lowest PPO (1038.3 ± 82.3 Watts) and fatigue index (15.29 ± 3.66 W/S). The 7.5% resistance setting had the highest PPO (1413.10 ± 125.64 Watts) and fatigue index (25.97 ± 5.27 W/S). At the 6.5% resistance setting, data were between the two other groups and different from the other groups. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, excessive body weight individuals should perform the standard resistance of 7.5% on the Wingate test instead of lower resistances to obtain a true peak power output and fatigue index.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75649013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000485943.72993.32
P. Saint-Maurice, Paul Hibbling, Yang Bai, G. Welk
{"title":"Agreement Between Print And Online Versions Of The Youth Activity Profile: 1146 June 1, 3: 30 PM - 3: 45 PM.","authors":"P. Saint-Maurice, Paul Hibbling, Yang Bai, G. Welk","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000485943.72993.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000485943.72993.32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80713760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000487194.75650.ee
M. Bruneau, T. Angelopoulos, P. Gordon, N. Moyna, P. Visich, R. Zoeller, R. Seip, S. Bilbie, P. Thompson, J. Devaney, H. Gordish-Dressman, E. Hoffman, L. Pescatello
{"title":"The Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Associates with Habitual Physical Activity among European-American Adults: 2625 Board #148 June 3, 9: 30 AM - 11: 00 AM.","authors":"M. Bruneau, T. Angelopoulos, P. Gordon, N. Moyna, P. Visich, R. Zoeller, R. Seip, S. Bilbie, P. Thompson, J. Devaney, H. Gordish-Dressman, E. Hoffman, L. Pescatello","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000487194.75650.ee","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000487194.75650.ee","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74348994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000487282.57928.61
Diba Mani, Awad M. Almuklass, I. Amiridis, R. Enoka
{"title":"Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Can Improve Walking Endurance In Old Adults: 2713 Board #236 June 3, 9: 30 AM - 11: 00 AM.","authors":"Diba Mani, Awad M. Almuklass, I. Amiridis, R. Enoka","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000487282.57928.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000487282.57928.61","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76047005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000485560.75692.b8
Tori Stone, J. Young, J. Navalta, J. Wingo
PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of structured physical activity classes on bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: Thirty-nine women ages 18-35 y who were either enrolled in a yoga class (n=14), cardio-kickboxing class (n=13), or no physical activity class (control; n=12) voluntarily consented to participate. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans of the hip, spine, and total body were measured just before commencement and just after completion of the semester-long classes. Likewise, blood samples were drawn preand post-semester for measurement of osteocalcin, and dietary and physical activity questionnaires were also completed. RESULTS: Neither yoga nor cardio-kickboxing affected BMD at any of the measured sites. Osteocalcin concentration increased from preto post-semester measures (pre = 12.15 ng/mL, post = 41.15 ng/mL; P < 0.001), but groups were not different (P = 0.314). CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, 12 weeks of yoga and cardio-kickboxing physical activity classes were insufficient to induce bone mineral density changes. However, osteoblast activity was likely elevated as reflected by increased blood osteocalcin concentrations over time, thereby indicating stimulation of the bone formation process.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Select Physical Activity Exercise Classes (PEX) on Bone Mineral Density: 697 Board #13 June 1, 3: 30 PM - 5: 00 PM.","authors":"Tori Stone, J. Young, J. Navalta, J. Wingo","doi":"10.1249/01.mss.0000485560.75692.b8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000485560.75692.b8","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of structured physical activity classes on bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: Thirty-nine women ages 18-35 y who were either enrolled in a yoga class (n=14), cardio-kickboxing class (n=13), or no physical activity class (control; n=12) voluntarily consented to participate. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans of the hip, spine, and total body were measured just before commencement and just after completion of the semester-long classes. Likewise, blood samples were drawn preand post-semester for measurement of osteocalcin, and dietary and physical activity questionnaires were also completed. RESULTS: Neither yoga nor cardio-kickboxing affected BMD at any of the measured sites. Osteocalcin concentration increased from preto post-semester measures (pre = 12.15 ng/mL, post = 41.15 ng/mL; P < 0.001), but groups were not different (P = 0.314). CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, 12 weeks of yoga and cardio-kickboxing physical activity classes were insufficient to induce bone mineral density changes. However, osteoblast activity was likely elevated as reflected by increased blood osteocalcin concentrations over time, thereby indicating stimulation of the bone formation process.","PeriodicalId":18500,"journal":{"name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76516351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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