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Supportive care of cancer patients illustrated by case examples. 癌症患者的支持性护理以案例说明。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-02-01
Corinna Jansen, Imke Ortland

Despite important medical progress, supportive care still plays a central role in cancer therapy. Severe tumour- and therapy-related symptoms not only affect the patient’s quality of life, but can also compromise the therapy outcome. Therefore, an effective supportive care is crucial in cancer therapy. In community pharmacies as well as in hospital pharmacies pharmacists contribute essentially to supportive care through qualified advice and individual support. Case examples within the field of cytotoxic and targeted therapy provide insight into the management of nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea, and papulopustular rash.

尽管取得了重要的医学进展，但支持性护理仍然在癌症治疗中发挥着核心作用。严重的肿瘤和治疗相关症状不仅会影响患者的生活质量，还会影响治疗结果。因此，有效的支持性护理在癌症治疗中至关重要。在社区药房和医院药房，药剂师主要通过合格的咨询意见和个人支持为支持性护理作出贡献。细胞毒性和靶向治疗领域的案例为恶心、呕吐、腹泻和丘疹疹的治疗提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
[In process]. (过程中)。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Petra Jungmayr
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引用次数: 0
[In process]. (过程中)。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Rita Marina Heeb
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引用次数: 0
Combined use of an ACE-inhibitor and spironolactone in patients with heart insufficiency. ace抑制剂和螺内酯在心功能不全患者中的联合应用。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Jane Schröder, Lisa Goltz, Holger Knoth

A patient with cardiac insufficiency takes the ACE-Inhibitor Enalapril as well as Spironolactone regularly. In the interaction monographs of the German ABDA-database there is a note that combined use of these substances should be avoided due to an increased risk of hyperkalemia – is there a medication related problem? There is evidence from clinical studies, that combined use of ACE-inhibitors and potassium-sparing agents indeed increases the risk of severe hyperkalemia. The risk seems to be related to the dose of the potassium-sparing agent. However, in patients with cardiac insufficiency NYHA-class II-IV and an ejection fraction of ≤ 35%, the addition of spironolactone to an ACE-inhibitor and betablocking agent reduces mortality and hospitalization for cardiovascular problems. Therefore the combination is indicated in these patients. To minimize the risk for severe adverse events close monitoring of serum potassium and renal function is mandatory. Moreover, additional risk factors for hyperkalemia such as intake of potassium supplements or NSAID should be avoided.

心功能不全患者定期服用ace抑制剂依那普利和螺内酯。在德国abda数据库的相互作用专论中有一个注释，由于高钾血症的风险增加，应避免联合使用这些物质-是否存在与药物相关的问题?临床研究证据表明，ace抑制剂和保钾剂联合使用确实会增加严重高钾血症的风险。这种风险似乎与保钾剂的剂量有关。然而，在nyha - II-IV级心功能不全且射血分数≤35%的患者中，在ace抑制剂和β阻断剂的基础上添加螺内酯可降低死亡率和心血管问题住院率。因此，联合用药适用于这些患者。为了减少严重不良事件的发生，必须密切监测血钾和肾功能。此外，应避免高钾血症的其他危险因素，如摄入钾补充剂或非甾体抗炎药。
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引用次数: 0
[In process]. (过程中)。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Barbara Ecker-Schlipf
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引用次数: 0
[In prosse]. [正在进行中]。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Egid Strehl
{"title":"[In prosse].","authors":"Egid Strehl","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18540,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten","volume":"40 1","pages":"42-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36266779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[In process]. (过程中)。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Tanja Saußele
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引用次数: 0
[In process]. (过程中)。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Bettina Krieg
{"title":"[In process].","authors":"Bettina Krieg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18540,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten","volume":"40 1","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36266771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[In process]. (过程中)。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Abdol A Ameri
{"title":"[In process].","authors":"Abdol A Ameri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18540,"journal":{"name":"Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten","volume":"40 1","pages":"38-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36266776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The adaptive bacterial immune system CRISPR-Cas and its therapeutic potential. 适应性细菌免疫系统CRISPR-Cas及其治疗潜力。
Q4 Medicine
Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten
Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Larissa Tetsch

The bacterial CRISPR-Cas-system is an adaptive and inheritable immune system for the defense against invasive genetic elements such as viral DNA or plasmids. CRISPR-Cas immunity acts by integrating short sequences of non-self DNA in the cell’s CRISPR locus which allows the cell to recognize, to remember and to destroy the invasive element. In the last years the type-II-system CRISPR-Cas9 was developed as a powerful and universal tool for the sequence-specific modification of the genome also known as genome editing. Type-II-systems rely solely on one single protein, Cas9, and a non-coding, trans-activating RNA that leads the Cas9 protein to its target DNA. The RNA-guided molecular scissor Cas9 is predestinated to correct mutated genes in line with a gene therapy and to heal chronic diseases like HIV infections or virus-induced forms of cancer via deleting viral DNA that is integrated as a provirus in the host’s genome. In addition, catalytically inactive Cas9 variants (dCas9) fused to effector domains can be used to specifically tag genome sections, regulate gene expression and modify epigenetic markers.

细菌crispr - cas系统是一种适应性和可遗传的免疫系统，用于防御入侵的遗传元素，如病毒DNA或质粒。CRISPR- cas免疫通过整合细胞CRISPR位点中的非自身DNA短序列来发挥作用，这使得细胞能够识别、记忆并摧毁入侵元素。在过去的几年里，ii型系统CRISPR-Cas9被开发为一种强大的通用工具，用于基因组序列特异性修饰，也称为基因组编辑。ii型系统仅依赖于一种单一的蛋白质Cas9和一种非编码的反式激活RNA，该RNA将Cas9蛋白引导到其目标DNA。rna引导的分子剪刀Cas9注定要根据基因疗法纠正突变基因，并通过删除作为原病毒整合在宿主基因组中的病毒DNA来治愈艾滋病感染或病毒诱导的癌症等慢性疾病。此外，融合到效应域的催化无活性Cas9变体(dCas9)可用于特异性标记基因组片段，调节基因表达和修饰表观遗传标记。
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引用次数: 0
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