Metastatic breast cancer cells carry adult and neonatal variants of NaV1.5 voltage-gated activated Na+ channels involved in cell invasion. We hypothesize that instilling lignocaine near the surgical field to anesthetize the pectoral nerves for analgesia will decrease angiogenesis by blocking voltage-gated activated Na+ channels. Twenty patients undergoing unilateral modified radical mastectomy were randomized in a single-blinded, parallel-arm group feasibility pilot study in two groups. In Group I a catheter was placed between the pectoralis major and minor muscle under direct vision before skin closure. Ten milliliters of 2% lignocaine was given as an initial bolus followed by 10 mL of 2% lignocaine every 8 hours up to 24 hours. Group II did not receive any regional block. Primary measure outcomes were pre and postoperative changes in levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. Secondary outcomes were postoperative pain scores and total rescue analgesia used. Nine patients in each group were analyzed. Baseline demographic data of all females were similar with respect to age, body mass, height and duration of anesthesia. Postoperative mean serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor were decreased by 46.60% from baseline in Group I, while were increased by 84.27% as compared to preoperative values in Group II. Postoperative average pain scores were less in Group I. Postoperative rescue analgesia in 24 hours in Group I was lower than that in Group II. There was no postoperative adverse event related to catheter or lignocaine administration at given doses. Instilling lignocaine to block pectoral nerves provides better postoperative analgesia and decreases a marker of angiogenesis. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Tertiary Centre (All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh India) (No. AIIMS/IEC/19/1002) on August 9, 2019, and the larger expansion trial was prospectively registered on Clinical Trial Registry India (No. CTRI/2020/01/022784) on January 15, 2020.
{"title":"A randomized single-blinded, parallel-arm group feasibility trial evaluating role of pectoral nerve block on serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients undergoing unilateral modified radical mastectomy.","authors":"Nishith Govil, Manisha Naithani, Bina Ravi, Prateek Sharda, Mukesh Tripathi, Bharat Bhushan Bhardwaj","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.299465","DOIUrl":"10.4103/2045-9912.299465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metastatic breast cancer cells carry adult and neonatal variants of NaV1.5 voltage-gated activated Na<sup>+</sup> channels involved in cell invasion. We hypothesize that instilling lignocaine near the surgical field to anesthetize the pectoral nerves for analgesia will decrease angiogenesis by blocking voltage-gated activated Na<sup>+</sup> channels. Twenty patients undergoing unilateral modified radical mastectomy were randomized in a single-blinded, parallel-arm group feasibility pilot study in two groups. In Group I a catheter was placed between the pectoralis major and minor muscle under direct vision before skin closure. Ten milliliters of 2% lignocaine was given as an initial bolus followed by 10 mL of 2% lignocaine every 8 hours up to 24 hours. Group II did not receive any regional block. Primary measure outcomes were pre and postoperative changes in levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. Secondary outcomes were postoperative pain scores and total rescue analgesia used. Nine patients in each group were analyzed. Baseline demographic data of all females were similar with respect to age, body mass, height and duration of anesthesia. Postoperative mean serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor were decreased by 46.60% from baseline in Group I, while were increased by 84.27% as compared to preoperative values in Group II. Postoperative average pain scores were less in Group I. Postoperative rescue analgesia in 24 hours in Group I was lower than that in Group II. There was no postoperative adverse event related to catheter or lignocaine administration at given doses. Instilling lignocaine to block pectoral nerves provides better postoperative analgesia and decreases a marker of angiogenesis. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Tertiary Centre (All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh India) (No. AIIMS/IEC/19/1002) on August 9, 2019, and the larger expansion trial was prospectively registered on Clinical Trial Registry India (No. CTRI/2020/01/022784) on January 15, 2020.</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 4","pages":"179-184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/41/8f/MGR-10-179.PMC8092146.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38765876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The various beneficial effects of the intake of molecular hydrogen (H2) have been demonstrated in the field of sports science. Although supplementation of H2 has been reported to increase mitochondrial metabolism in animal studies, the effects of the administration of H2 on aerobic capacity during exercise in humans are still not clear. We investigated whether a single or 2-week continuous intake of H2-rich water (HW) enhanced the aerobic capacity during incremental exercise in healthy humans. In this randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled experimental study, the participants performed an incremental cycling exercise to measure peak oxygen uptake and peak load before and after a single (500 mL) or a 2-week supplementation (total 5 L) of HW. In the latter experiment, the participants drank the 500 mL of HW on all weekdays (i.e., 10 times). The single intake of HW did not significantly increase peak oxygen uptake and peak load, and did not significantly alter the responses in oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, and lactate levels. However, importantly, the 2-week continuous consumption of HW significantly augmented peak oxygen uptake and tended to increase the peak load without any significant changes in lactate levels, oxidative stress, and antioxidant responses. In conclusion, the continuous supplementation of HW potentially augments the aerobic capacity, implying that continuous supplementation of H2 might help improve aerobic exercise performance and physical health. This study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Chubu University (approval No. 260086-2) on March 29, 2018.
{"title":"Two-week continuous supplementation of hydrogenrich water increases peak oxygen uptake during an incremental cycling exercise test in healthy humans: a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled study.","authors":"Amane Hori, Sayaka Sobue, Ryosuke Kurokawa, Shin-Ichi Hirano, Masatoshi Ichihara, Norio Hotta","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.304223","DOIUrl":"10.4103/2045-9912.304223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The various beneficial effects of the intake of molecular hydrogen (H2) have been demonstrated in the field of sports science. Although supplementation of H2 has been reported to increase mitochondrial metabolism in animal studies, the effects of the administration of H2 on aerobic capacity during exercise in humans are still not clear. We investigated whether a single or 2-week continuous intake of H2-rich water (HW) enhanced the aerobic capacity during incremental exercise in healthy humans. In this randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled experimental study, the participants performed an incremental cycling exercise to measure peak oxygen uptake and peak load before and after a single (500 mL) or a 2-week supplementation (total 5 L) of HW. In the latter experiment, the participants drank the 500 mL of HW on all weekdays (i.e., 10 times). The single intake of HW did not significantly increase peak oxygen uptake and peak load, and did not significantly alter the responses in oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, and lactate levels. However, importantly, the 2-week continuous consumption of HW significantly augmented peak oxygen uptake and tended to increase the peak load without any significant changes in lactate levels, oxidative stress, and antioxidant responses. In conclusion, the continuous supplementation of HW potentially augments the aerobic capacity, implying that continuous supplementation of H2 might help improve aerobic exercise performance and physical health. This study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Chubu University (approval No. 260086-2) on March 29, 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 4","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/12/45/MGR-10-163.PMC8092150.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39114141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.296039
Benedikt Kremer, Mark Coburn, Agnieszka Weinandy, Kay Nolte, Hans Clusmann, Michael Veldeman, Anke Höllig
Hereinafter, we evaluate argon's neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) examining various localizations (hippocampal and cortical regions) with respect to neuronal damage and microglial activation 6, 24 and 72 hours after SAH. One hour after SAH (endovascular perforation rat model) or sham surgery, a mixture of gas containing 50% argon (argon group) or 50% nitrogen (control group) was applied for 1 hour. At 6 hours after SAH, argon reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampal regions in the argon group compared to the control group (P < 0.034). Hippocampal microglial activation did not differ between the treatment groups over time. The basal cortical regions did not show a different lesion pattern, but microglial activation was significantly reduced in the argon group 72 hours after SAH (P = 0.034 vs. control group). Whereas callosal microglial activation was significantly reduced at 24 hours in the argon-treated group (P = 0.018). Argon treatment ameliorated only early hippocampal neuronal damage after SAH. Inhibition of microglial activation was seen in some areas later on. Thus, argon may influence the microglial inflammatory response and neuronal survival after SAH; however, due to low sample sizes the interpretation of our results is limited. The study protocol was approved by the Government Agency for Animal Use and Protection (Protocol number: TVA 10416G1; initially approved by the "Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz NRW," Recklinghausen, Germany, on April 28, 2009).
{"title":"Argon treatment after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: evaluation of microglial activation and neuronal survival as a subanalysis of a randomized controlled animal trial.","authors":"Benedikt Kremer, Mark Coburn, Agnieszka Weinandy, Kay Nolte, Hans Clusmann, Michael Veldeman, Anke Höllig","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.296039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.296039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereinafter, we evaluate argon's neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) examining various localizations (hippocampal and cortical regions) with respect to neuronal damage and microglial activation 6, 24 and 72 hours after SAH. One hour after SAH (endovascular perforation rat model) or sham surgery, a mixture of gas containing 50% argon (argon group) or 50% nitrogen (control group) was applied for 1 hour. At 6 hours after SAH, argon reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampal regions in the argon group compared to the control group (P < 0.034). Hippocampal microglial activation did not differ between the treatment groups over time. The basal cortical regions did not show a different lesion pattern, but microglial activation was significantly reduced in the argon group 72 hours after SAH (P = 0.034 vs. control group). Whereas callosal microglial activation was significantly reduced at 24 hours in the argon-treated group (P = 0.018). Argon treatment ameliorated only early hippocampal neuronal damage after SAH. Inhibition of microglial activation was seen in some areas later on. Thus, argon may influence the microglial inflammatory response and neuronal survival after SAH; however, due to low sample sizes the interpretation of our results is limited. The study protocol was approved by the Government Agency for Animal Use and Protection (Protocol number: TVA 10416G1; initially approved by the \"Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz NRW,\" Recklinghausen, Germany, on April 28, 2009).</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/32/03/MGR-10-103.PMC8086619.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38444261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydroxyl radicals in mitochondria: There are various types of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in mitochondria during cellular respiration, this is not an exaggeration that the ROS that causes cytotoxicity is only hydroxyl radical.2 Although humans have enzymes that scavenge some ROSs, we do not have enough enzymes that specifically can scavenge hydroxyl radical which is known to attack almost all components of cells and to cause aging and diseases. The inside of mitochondria is a place where various ROS are generated during respiration together with hydroxyl radicals that are also generated.3 In order to prevent and alleviate disease, it is important to scavenge hydroxyl radicals effectively not only at the cytoplasm, but also at the inside of organelles including mitochondria and cell nucleus. The important key issue is to establish a technique for scavenging hydroxyl radicals entirely in the matrix of mitochondria.
{"title":"Proposal of next-generation medical care \"Mega-hydrogen Therapy\".","authors":"Yusuke Ichikawa, Bunpei Satoh, Shin-Ichi Hirano, Ryosuke Kurokawa, Yoshiyasu Takefuji, Fumitake Satoh","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.296045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.296045","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxyl radicals in mitochondria: There are various types of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in mitochondria during cellular respiration, this is not an exaggeration that the ROS that causes cytotoxicity is only hydroxyl radical.2 Although humans have enzymes that scavenge some ROSs, we do not have enough enzymes that specifically can scavenge hydroxyl radical which is known to attack almost all components of cells and to cause aging and diseases. The inside of mitochondria is a place where various ROS are generated during respiration together with hydroxyl radicals that are also generated.3 In order to prevent and alleviate disease, it is important to scavenge hydroxyl radicals effectively not only at the cytoplasm, but also at the inside of organelles including mitochondria and cell nucleus. The important key issue is to establish a technique for scavenging hydroxyl radicals entirely in the matrix of mitochondria.","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"140-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/2c/MGR-10-140.PMC8086621.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38444268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrogen-rich water is conventionally prepared by direct current-electrolysis, but has been not or scarcely prepared by alternating current (AC)-electrolysis. The AC preparations from tap water for 20-30 minutes exhibit a dissolved hydrogen concentration of 1.55 mg/L, which was close to the theoretical maximum value of 1.6 mg/L. These preparations also displayed an oxidation-reduction potential of -270 mV (tap water: +576 mV) and pH of 7.7-7.8, being closer to physiological values of body fluids than general types of direct current-electrolytic hydrogen-rich water. We examined whether AC-electrolytic hydrogen-water is retained for hydrogen-abundance after boiling or for antioxidant abilities, and whether the oral administration of this water is clinically effective for diabetes and prevention against systemic DNA-oxidative injuries. 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide spin trapping and electron spin resonance revealed that the hydrogen-rich water generated by AC-electrolysis exhibited hydroxyl-radical-scavenging activities. Laser nanoparticle tracking method revealed that nanoparticle suspensions as abundant as 5.4 × 107/mL were efficiently retained (up to 3.5 × 107/mL) even after boiling for 10 minutes, being thermodynamically contrary to Henry's law. Oral intake of hydrogen-rich water, 1500 mL per day, lasted for 8 weeks in nine people with the diabetes-related serum markers beyond the normal ranges. The subjects exhibited significant tendencies for the decreased fasting blood glucose and fructosamine, and for the increased 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol, concomitantly with significant decreases in urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine contents and its rate of generation. Hydrogen-rich water prepared by AC-electrolysis may be effective in improving diverse diabetes-related markers and systemic DNA oxidative injuries through the formation of abundant heat-resistant nanobubbles and the increased hydrogen concentrations. The study protocol was officially approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Japanese Center for Anti-Aging Medical Sciences (approval No. 01S02) on September 15, 2009.
{"title":"Effects of hydrogen-rich water prepared by alternating-current-electrolysis on antioxidant activity, DNA oxidative injuries, and diabetes-related markers.","authors":"Ryoko Asada, Kenji Tazawa, Shinkichi Sato, Nobuhiko Miwa","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.296041","DOIUrl":"10.4103/2045-9912.296041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogen-rich water is conventionally prepared by direct current-electrolysis, but has been not or scarcely prepared by alternating current (AC)-electrolysis. The AC preparations from tap water for 20-30 minutes exhibit a dissolved hydrogen concentration of 1.55 mg/L, which was close to the theoretical maximum value of 1.6 mg/L. These preparations also displayed an oxidation-reduction potential of -270 mV (tap water: +576 mV) and pH of 7.7-7.8, being closer to physiological values of body fluids than general types of direct current-electrolytic hydrogen-rich water. We examined whether AC-electrolytic hydrogen-water is retained for hydrogen-abundance after boiling or for antioxidant abilities, and whether the oral administration of this water is clinically effective for diabetes and prevention against systemic DNA-oxidative injuries. 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide spin trapping and electron spin resonance revealed that the hydrogen-rich water generated by AC-electrolysis exhibited hydroxyl-radical-scavenging activities. Laser nanoparticle tracking method revealed that nanoparticle suspensions as abundant as 5.4 × 10<sup>7</sup>/mL were efficiently retained (up to 3.5 × 10<sup>7</sup>/mL) even after boiling for 10 minutes, being thermodynamically contrary to Henry's law. Oral intake of hydrogen-rich water, 1500 mL per day, lasted for 8 weeks in nine people with the diabetes-related serum markers beyond the normal ranges. The subjects exhibited significant tendencies for the decreased fasting blood glucose and fructosamine, and for the increased 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol, concomitantly with significant decreases in urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine contents and its rate of generation. Hydrogen-rich water prepared by AC-electrolysis may be effective in improving diverse diabetes-related markers and systemic DNA oxidative injuries through the formation of abundant heat-resistant nanobubbles and the increased hydrogen concentrations. The study protocol was officially approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Japanese Center for Anti-Aging Medical Sciences (approval No. 01S02) on September 15, 2009.</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/8b/MGR-10-114.PMC8086617.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38444263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.296038
Amane Hori, Masatoshi Ichihara, Hayata Kimura, Hisayoshi Ogata, Takaharu Kondo, Norio Hotta
Aerobic exercise is widely accepted as a beneficial option for reducing fat in humans. Recently, it has been suggested that molecular hydrogen (H2) augments mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the hypothesis that inhaling H2 could facilitate lipid metabolism during aerobic exercise was investigated in the current study by measuring the breath acetone levels, which could be used as non-invasive indicators of lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effect of inhaling H2 on breath acetone output during submaximal exercise using a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, and cross-over experimental design. After taking a 20-minute baseline measurement, breath acetone levels were measured in ten male subjects who performed a 60% peak oxygen uptake-intensity cycling exercise for 20 minutes while inhaling either 1% H2 or a control gas. In another experiment, six male subjects remained in a sitting position for 45 minutes while inhaling either 1% H2 or a control gas. H2 significantly augmented breath acetone and enhanced oxygen uptake during exercise (P < 0.01). However, it did not significantly change oxidative stress or antioxidant activity responses to exercise, nor did it significantly alter the breath acetone or oxygen uptake during prolonged resting states. These results suggest that inhaling H2 gas promotes an exercise-induced increase in hepatic lipid metabolism. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Chubu University, Japan (approved No. 260086-2) on March 29, 2018.
{"title":"Inhalation of molecular hydrogen increases breath acetone excretion during submaximal exercise: a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled study.","authors":"Amane Hori, Masatoshi Ichihara, Hayata Kimura, Hisayoshi Ogata, Takaharu Kondo, Norio Hotta","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.296038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.296038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aerobic exercise is widely accepted as a beneficial option for reducing fat in humans. Recently, it has been suggested that molecular hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) augments mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the hypothesis that inhaling H<sub>2</sub> could facilitate lipid metabolism during aerobic exercise was investigated in the current study by measuring the breath acetone levels, which could be used as non-invasive indicators of lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effect of inhaling H<sub>2</sub> on breath acetone output during submaximal exercise using a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, and cross-over experimental design. After taking a 20-minute baseline measurement, breath acetone levels were measured in ten male subjects who performed a 60% peak oxygen uptake-intensity cycling exercise for 20 minutes while inhaling either 1% H<sub>2</sub> or a control gas. In another experiment, six male subjects remained in a sitting position for 45 minutes while inhaling either 1% H<sub>2</sub> or a control gas. H<sub>2</sub> significantly augmented breath acetone and enhanced oxygen uptake during exercise (P < 0.01). However, it did not significantly change oxidative stress or antioxidant activity responses to exercise, nor did it significantly alter the breath acetone or oxygen uptake during prolonged resting states. These results suggest that inhaling H<sub>2</sub> gas promotes an exercise-induced increase in hepatic lipid metabolism. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Chubu University, Japan (approved No. 260086-2) on March 29, 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/22/MGR-10-96.PMC8086628.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38446811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.296044
Ji-Bing Chen, You-Yong Lu, Ke-Cheng Xu
The use of hydrogen for cancer control has made great progress in cytology and animal experiments. With the increasing number of hydrogen products on the market, larger numbers of advanced cancer patients have participated in clinical trials or received treatment at home after purchase. Our study reported a real-world survey from 82 patients with good cancer control using hydrogen products, including real world evidence from patients who received ineffective traditional treatment, patients who received traditional treatment that failed, or patients who refused traditional treatment. Two typical cases were reported herein. Subsequently, we included studies on the mechanism of hydrogen oncology. The mechanism of cancer control using hydrogen includes the inhibition of tumor cells and the activation of exhausted lymphocytes. Large-scale real world evidence has shown clinical value, and yet remains to be further developed and researched.
{"title":"A narrative review of hydrogen oncology: from real world survey to real world evidence.","authors":"Ji-Bing Chen, You-Yong Lu, Ke-Cheng Xu","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.296044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.296044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of hydrogen for cancer control has made great progress in cytology and animal experiments. With the increasing number of hydrogen products on the market, larger numbers of advanced cancer patients have participated in clinical trials or received treatment at home after purchase. Our study reported a real-world survey from 82 patients with good cancer control using hydrogen products, including real world evidence from patients who received ineffective traditional treatment, patients who received traditional treatment that failed, or patients who refused traditional treatment. Two typical cases were reported herein. Subsequently, we included studies on the mechanism of hydrogen oncology. The mechanism of cancer control using hydrogen includes the inhibition of tumor cells and the activation of exhausted lymphocytes. Large-scale real world evidence has shown clinical value, and yet remains to be further developed and researched.</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"130-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ac/dc/MGR-10-130.PMC8086626.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38444262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.289462
Giovanni Tommaso Ranaldi, Emanuele Rocco Villani, Laura Franza
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the respiratory disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 and is characterized by clinical manifestations ranging from mild, flu-like symptoms to severe respiratory insufficiency and multi-organ failure. Patients with more severe symptoms may require intensive care treatments and face a high mortality risk. Also, thrombotic complications such as pulmonary embolisms and disseminated intravascular coagulation are frequent in these patients. Indeed, COVID-19 is characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response resembling a cytokine storm, which is associated to endothelial dysfunction and microvascular complications. To date, no specific treatments are available for COVID-19 and its life-threatening complication. Immunomodulatory drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine and interleukin-6 inhibitors, as well as antithrombotic drugs such as heparin and low molecular weight heparin, are currently being administered with some benefit. Ozone therapy consists in the administration of a mixture of ozone and oxygen, called medical ozone, which has been used for over a century as an unconventional medicine practice for several diseases. Medical ozone rationale in COVID-19 is the possibility of contrasting endothelial dysfunction, modulating the immune response and acting as a virustatic agent. Thus, medical ozone could help to decrease lung inflammation, slow down viral growth, regulate lung circulation and oxygenation and prevent microvascular thrombosis. Ozone-therapy could be considered a feasible, cost-effective and easy to administer adjuvant therapy while waiting for the synthesis of a therapy or the development of the vaccine.
{"title":"Rationale for ozone-therapy as an adjuvant therapy in COVID-19: a narrative review.","authors":"Giovanni Tommaso Ranaldi, Emanuele Rocco Villani, Laura Franza","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.289462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.289462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the respiratory disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 and is characterized by clinical manifestations ranging from mild, flu-like symptoms to severe respiratory insufficiency and multi-organ failure. Patients with more severe symptoms may require intensive care treatments and face a high mortality risk. Also, thrombotic complications such as pulmonary embolisms and disseminated intravascular coagulation are frequent in these patients. Indeed, COVID-19 is characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response resembling a cytokine storm, which is associated to endothelial dysfunction and microvascular complications. To date, no specific treatments are available for COVID-19 and its life-threatening complication. Immunomodulatory drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine and interleukin-6 inhibitors, as well as antithrombotic drugs such as heparin and low molecular weight heparin, are currently being administered with some benefit. Ozone therapy consists in the administration of a mixture of ozone and oxygen, called medical ozone, which has been used for over a century as an unconventional medicine practice for several diseases. Medical ozone rationale in COVID-19 is the possibility of contrasting endothelial dysfunction, modulating the immune response and acting as a virustatic agent. Thus, medical ozone could help to decrease lung inflammation, slow down viral growth, regulate lung circulation and oxygenation and prevent microvascular thrombosis. Ozone-therapy could be considered a feasible, cost-effective and easy to administer adjuvant therapy while waiting for the synthesis of a therapy or the development of the vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"134-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/28/14/MGR-10-134.PMC8086623.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38444265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.296046
Hasan Oguz, Mustafa Turgut Yildizgoren
Dear Editor, Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign proliferative condition that develops in the synovial membranes of joints, bursa or tendon sheaths most frequently in the knee joints. The patient usually has mono-articular pain and swelling. Aspiration of the joint characteristically reveals blood-tinged fluid. The synovial tissue has a characteristic brownish discoloration due to hemosiderin deposits. As the condition reaches an advanced stage, erosive lesions can be detected in the adjacent bony structures. As the weight-bearing extremities are most prone to this, the knee joint (70%) is particularly affected, although there can be involvement of the ankle, shoulder, wrist, and other joints. Patients usually complain of progressive joint swelling and discomfort with insidious onset. PVNS can occur in all age groups, but those aged 20–50 years are the most frequently affected.1 Plain radiographs usually show non-specific features such as bony erosions or soft tissue swelling. Computed tomography and ultrasonography can also show the hypertrophic synovium as a slightly hyper dense/echogenic soft-tissue mass. In the differentiation of PVNS from other synovial diseases, magnetic resonance imaging is of benefit as hyperplastic synovium or localized mass lesions are indicated by an abnormally low signal intensity on both T1 and T2 weighed images. Magnetic resonance imaging has the advantages of showing mass-like synovial proliferation with lobulated margins, with low signal intensity and hemosiderin deposits seen as “blooming” artifact on gradient echo.2 Here, the case is described of a patient with a history of knee pain and swelling, who was diagnosed with localized PVNS, and was treated successfully with local ozone therapy. This is the first case which describes treatment with ozone of PVNS in a patient refractory to surgical treatment. A 30-year old female presented with complaints of pain and swelling in the left knee which had been ongoing for 3 years. Initial assessment of pain was 7 on the Numeric Rating Scale. The patient had a history of arthroscopic synoviectomy 10 years previously because of PVNS and the pain was relieved after surgery. On examination, the range of motion of the knee joint was limited to 120° of active flexion, with full extension. Laboratory test results showed: C-reactive protein = 2 mg/L (normal range: 0–5 mg/L), erythrocyte sedimentation rate = 15 mm/h (normal range: 0–20 mm/h), rheumatoid factor = 9 IU/mL (normal range: 0–20 IU/mL), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide = 0.5 U/mL (normal range: 0–20 U/mL). In addition, complete blood count, hepatic panel, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were within normal limits. Radiographs were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 22 mm × 12 mm hypodense nodular lesion around the posterior longitudinal ligament (Figure 1A). PVNS was diagnosed based on these findings. The patient was treated with arthroscopic plica excision and synoviectomy. Two months
{"title":"Ozone therapy for the treatment of recurrent pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee.","authors":"Hasan Oguz, Mustafa Turgut Yildizgoren","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.296046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.296046","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign proliferative condition that develops in the synovial membranes of joints, bursa or tendon sheaths most frequently in the knee joints. The patient usually has mono-articular pain and swelling. Aspiration of the joint characteristically reveals blood-tinged fluid. The synovial tissue has a characteristic brownish discoloration due to hemosiderin deposits. As the condition reaches an advanced stage, erosive lesions can be detected in the adjacent bony structures. As the weight-bearing extremities are most prone to this, the knee joint (70%) is particularly affected, although there can be involvement of the ankle, shoulder, wrist, and other joints. Patients usually complain of progressive joint swelling and discomfort with insidious onset. PVNS can occur in all age groups, but those aged 20–50 years are the most frequently affected.1 Plain radiographs usually show non-specific features such as bony erosions or soft tissue swelling. Computed tomography and ultrasonography can also show the hypertrophic synovium as a slightly hyper dense/echogenic soft-tissue mass. In the differentiation of PVNS from other synovial diseases, magnetic resonance imaging is of benefit as hyperplastic synovium or localized mass lesions are indicated by an abnormally low signal intensity on both T1 and T2 weighed images. Magnetic resonance imaging has the advantages of showing mass-like synovial proliferation with lobulated margins, with low signal intensity and hemosiderin deposits seen as “blooming” artifact on gradient echo.2 Here, the case is described of a patient with a history of knee pain and swelling, who was diagnosed with localized PVNS, and was treated successfully with local ozone therapy. This is the first case which describes treatment with ozone of PVNS in a patient refractory to surgical treatment. A 30-year old female presented with complaints of pain and swelling in the left knee which had been ongoing for 3 years. Initial assessment of pain was 7 on the Numeric Rating Scale. The patient had a history of arthroscopic synoviectomy 10 years previously because of PVNS and the pain was relieved after surgery. On examination, the range of motion of the knee joint was limited to 120° of active flexion, with full extension. Laboratory test results showed: C-reactive protein = 2 mg/L (normal range: 0–5 mg/L), erythrocyte sedimentation rate = 15 mm/h (normal range: 0–20 mm/h), rheumatoid factor = 9 IU/mL (normal range: 0–20 IU/mL), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide = 0.5 U/mL (normal range: 0–20 U/mL). In addition, complete blood count, hepatic panel, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were within normal limits. Radiographs were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 22 mm × 12 mm hypodense nodular lesion around the posterior longitudinal ligament (Figure 1A). PVNS was diagnosed based on these findings. The patient was treated with arthroscopic plica excision and synoviectomy. Two months","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"142-143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/48/MGR-10-142.PMC8086624.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38444267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.296040
Fereshte Bagheri, Mahbubeh Sheikhzadeh, Ahmadreza Raisi, Mohammad Kamali, Mohammad Faridan
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is one of the most common types of fatal poisonings worldwide. Acute exposure to high levels of CO as well as chronic exposure to low levels of CO and excessive noise can lead to high frequency hearing loss. In this study, twelve guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups: (1) exposed to noise and (2) exposed to noise plus CO. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured prior to the experiment and immediately, 5, 10 and 15 days post exposures. There was a significant difference between the ABR thresholds before and immediately after exposure to noise at frequencies of 4, 8, and 16 kHz and the most threshold shift was observed at 8 kHz. There was also a significant difference between the ABR thresholds before and immediately after exposure to noise and CO at frequencies of 2, 4, 8, and 16 kHz which demonstrated a temporary hearing loss after exposure to noise and CO and the major impact of CO on developing noise induced hearing loss occurred at 8 kHz. No significant difference was observed between the ABR thresholds recorded before conducting the experiments and the ones obtained 5, 10 and 15 days after simultaneous exposure to noise and CO at none of frequencies. Simultaneous exposure to noise and CO contributes to transient hearing loss in guinea pigs with the most evident temporary shift at 8 kHz. The methods were accepted in the Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Science (registration No. CTRI/2016/01/017170) on January 18, 2016.
{"title":"The impact of carbon monoxide inhalation on developing noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs.","authors":"Fereshte Bagheri, Mahbubeh Sheikhzadeh, Ahmadreza Raisi, Mohammad Kamali, Mohammad Faridan","doi":"10.4103/2045-9912.296040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.296040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is one of the most common types of fatal poisonings worldwide. Acute exposure to high levels of CO as well as chronic exposure to low levels of CO and excessive noise can lead to high frequency hearing loss. In this study, twelve guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups: (1) exposed to noise and (2) exposed to noise plus CO. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured prior to the experiment and immediately, 5, 10 and 15 days post exposures. There was a significant difference between the ABR thresholds before and immediately after exposure to noise at frequencies of 4, 8, and 16 kHz and the most threshold shift was observed at 8 kHz. There was also a significant difference between the ABR thresholds before and immediately after exposure to noise and CO at frequencies of 2, 4, 8, and 16 kHz which demonstrated a temporary hearing loss after exposure to noise and CO and the major impact of CO on developing noise induced hearing loss occurred at 8 kHz. No significant difference was observed between the ABR thresholds recorded before conducting the experiments and the ones obtained 5, 10 and 15 days after simultaneous exposure to noise and CO at none of frequencies. Simultaneous exposure to noise and CO contributes to transient hearing loss in guinea pigs with the most evident temporary shift at 8 kHz. The methods were accepted in the Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Science (registration No. CTRI/2016/01/017170) on January 18, 2016.</p>","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"10 3","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/c0/MGR-10-110.PMC8086620.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38446813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}