Microbiological research最新文献_第4页

Bacterial auxin catabolism as a driver of plant growth promotion and rhizosphere colonization fitness 细菌生长素分解代谢作为植物生长促进和根际定殖适应性的驱动因素。

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128431

Amalia Roca , Juan Gorts , Miguel A. Matilla

Inter-kingdom communication between plants and their associated microbiota is central to plant development and environmental adaptation. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the primary auxin in plants and regulates plant growth and development, while also modulating bacterial physiology and behavior. The concentration at which IAA exerts its biological effects in plants is critical and maintaining auxin homeostasis is essential. Although IAA production by plant growth-promoting bacteria typically stimulates plant growth, excessive IAA levels can be detrimental to plant physiology. Here, we investigate the in planta functional role of bacterial IAA catabolism using Pseudomonas putida 1290, a model plant-associated bacterium that degrades IAA through the Iac aerobic pathway. By constructing a mutant strain defective in the iac gene cluster, we show that IAA catabolism is essential for reversing auxin-mediated growth inhibition in tomato and maize, both in vitro and in microcosms. In addition, bacterial IAA degradation also prevented the formation of IAA-induced tumor-like structures in maize roots. Moreover, competitive colonization assays revealed that IAA catabolism enhances bacterial fitness in the rhizosphere, particularly under high-auxin conditions. Our findings establish bacterial IAA catabolism as a mechanism of metabolic signal interference that maintains auxin homeostasis in planta and promotes successful rhizosphere colonization. This work highlights the significance of microbial auxin metabolism in shaping plant–microbe interactions and its potential for application in sustainable agriculture strategies.

植物及其相关微生物群之间的王国间交流对植物发育和环境适应至关重要。吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）是植物的主要生长素，在调节植物生长发育的同时，也调节细菌的生理和行为。IAA在植物体内发挥生物学作用的浓度是至关重要的，维持生长素的稳态是必不可少的。虽然植物生长促进细菌产生的IAA通常会刺激植物生长，但过量的IAA水平可能对植物生理有害。在这里，我们利用恶臭假单胞菌1290（一种通过Iac有氧途径降解IAA的模式植物相关细菌）研究了细菌IAA分解代谢在植物中的功能作用。通过构建iac基因簇缺陷突变株，我们发现IAA分解代谢对于逆转生长素介导的番茄和玉米生长抑制至关重要，无论是在体外还是在微观环境中。此外，细菌IAA降解也阻止了玉米根中IAA诱导的肿瘤样结构的形成。此外，竞争性定植试验表明，IAA分解代谢提高了根际细菌的适应性，特别是在高生长素条件下。我们的研究结果表明，细菌IAA分解代谢是一种代谢信号干扰机制，可以维持植物体内生长素的稳态，促进植物根际定植的成功。这项工作强调了微生物生长素代谢在形成植物-微生物相互作用中的重要性及其在可持续农业战略中的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

HsbA represses stationary phase biofilm formation in Pseudomonas putida HsbA抑制恶臭假单胞菌固定相生物膜的形成

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128428

Marta Pulido-Sánchez , Elisa Montero-Beltrán , Aroa López-Sánchez , Fernando Govantes

Pseudomonas putida biofilm growth is associated to nutrient-sufficient conditions and biofilm dispersal is induced by nutrient starvation, signaled by the stringent response-associated nucleotide alarmone (p)ppGpp. We have used transcriptomic analysis to show that (p)ppGpp regulates the hsbAR-hptB gene cluster, encoding components of a phosphorelay pathway and an anti-σ factor antagonist, and cfcR, encoding a response regulator with diguanylate cyclase (DGC) activity. Transcription of hsbAR-hptB and cfcR is RpoS-dependent and induced by stationary phase and the stringent response. A ∆hsbA mutant resumed biofilm formation after dispersal in late stationary phase and displayed increased pellicle formation at the medium-air interphase and Congo Red adsorption. All these phenotypes were traced down to increased c-di-GMP levels in stationary phase, dependent on the activity of CfcR and its cognate sensor kinase, CfcA. HsbA was reversibly phosphorylated by the combined action of HptB and HsbR. HsbA phosphorylation conditioned its interaction with CfcR and CfcA and the subcellular distribution of the three proteins. In spite of this, HsbA retained its ability to prevent biofilm formation regardless of its phosphorylation state. Our results support a model in which HsbA forms a complex with CfcR to inhibit its DGC activity regardless of its phosphorylation state. Upon HsbA dephosphorylation, this complex is recruited to the cell membrane by CfcA to strengthen the inhibitory effect. While this pathway contributes to biofilm dispersal by denying de novo c-di-GMP synthesis during nutrient starvation, it may also enable quick restoration of the biofilm phenotype to colonize new sites or during biofilm maturation.

恶臭假单胞菌生物膜的生长与营养充足的条件有关，生物膜的扩散是由营养饥饿诱导的，由严格的反应相关的核苷酸警报酮(p)ppGpp发出信号。我们使用转录组学分析表明(p)ppGpp调控hsbAR-hptB基因簇，编码磷传递途径和抗σ因子拮抗剂组分，cfcR编码具有二光酸酯环化酶（DGC）活性的应答调节因子。hsbAR-hptB和cfcR的转录依赖于rpos，由固定期和严格反应诱导。A∆hsbA突变体在静止期后期扩散后恢复了生物膜的形成，中气间期膜的形成增加，刚果红吸附增加。所有这些表型都可以追溯到固定期c-di-GMP水平的增加，这取决于CfcR及其同源传感器激酶CfcA的活性。HsbA在HptB和HsbR的联合作用下被可逆磷酸化。HsbA磷酸化调节了其与CfcR和CfcA的相互作用以及这三种蛋白的亚细胞分布。尽管如此，无论其磷酸化状态如何，HsbA都保留了阻止生物膜形成的能力。我们的研究结果支持HsbA与CfcR形成复合物抑制其DGC活性的模型，而不管其磷酸化状态如何。在HsbA去磷酸化后，该复合物被CfcA招募到细胞膜上，以加强抑制作用。虽然这一途径在营养缺乏期间通过阻止c-二gmp的重新合成来促进生物膜的扩散，但它也可能使生物膜表型快速恢复以定植新位点或在生物膜成熟过程中。

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引用次数: 0

The post-transcriptional regulator RsmA mediates the protective response against pyocyanin overproduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as revealed by a proteomic approach 蛋白质组学方法揭示，转录后调节因子RsmA介导铜绿假单胞菌对花青素过量产生的保护性反应。

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128429

Luis Fernando Montelongo-Martínez , Abigail González-Valdez , Gloria Soberón-Chávez , Miguel Cocotl-Yañez

Pyocyanin is the primary phenazine produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which possesses redox activity. This compound contributes to its virulence by generating reactive oxygen species and inducing oxidative stress in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. P. aeruginosa is able to resist high concentrations of pyocyanin despite its toxicity. In this work, we employed P. aeruginosa ID4365 and PAO1 rsmA mutants, which produce 276.2 μM and 6.9 μM of pyocyanin, respectively, to conduct a proteomic analysis in order to identify proteins involved in the protective response against this phenazine. We found that inactivation of rsmA in ID4365 altered the levels of 474 proteins, including those related to the oxidative stress response, efflux pumps, and chaperones. While in PAO1, rsmA inactivation affected the levels of 177 proteins, and only MexH, which is part of the MexGHI-OpmD efflux pump involved in exporting pyocyanin, was identified as a protein related to the protective response. We further determined whether RsmA controls the pyocyanin protective response in ID4365 and found that expression of genes encoding OxyR, SoxR, and Fur, which are essential for oxidative stress defense and iron homeostasis, were negatively regulated by RsmA. Moreover, we demonstrate that RsmA negatively controls the GroESL chaperone system, suggesting its role in alleviating pyocyanin-induced proteotoxic stress. Our findings indicate that the protective response against pyocyanin is more pronounced in ID4365 compared to the PAO1 strain when rsmA is deleted. Thus, RsmA plays a crucial role in this strain by regulating the response to prevent damage caused by pyocyanin overproduction.

Pyocyanin是铜绿假单胞菌产生的主要非那嗪类物质，具有氧化还原活性。该化合物通过在原核和真核细胞中产生活性氧和诱导氧化应激来增强其毒力。P. aeruginosa能够抵抗高浓度的pyocyanin，尽管它的毒性。在这项工作中，我们利用P. aeruginosa ID4365和PAO1 rsmA突变体（分别产生276.2 μM和6.9 μM的pyocyanin）进行蛋白质组学分析，以确定参与对该非那嗪的保护反应的蛋白质。我们发现，ID4365中rsmA的失活改变了474种蛋白质的水平，包括那些与氧化应激反应、外排泵和伴侣蛋白相关的蛋白质。而在PAO1中，rsmA失活影响了177个蛋白的水平，只有MexH被确定为与保护反应相关的蛋白，MexH是mexhi - opmd外排泵的一部分，参与输出pyocyanin。我们进一步确定了RsmA是否控制ID4365中的花青素保护反应，并发现编码氧化应激防御和铁稳态所必需的OxyR、SoxR和Fur的基因表达受到RsmA的负调控。此外，我们证明RsmA负向控制GroESL伴侣系统，表明其在减轻花青素诱导的蛋白质毒性应激中的作用。我们的研究结果表明，与PAO1菌株相比，当rsmA被删除时，ID4365菌株对pyocyanin的保护反应更为明显。因此，RsmA在该菌株中起着至关重要的作用，通过调节反应来防止pyocyanin过量产生造成的损害。

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引用次数: 0

DUSP1 interacts with BIP to regulate Staphylococcus aureus-induced apoptosis through the MAPK signaling pathway DUSP1通过MAPK信号通路与BIP相互作用调控金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的细胞凋亡。

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128420

Xuyang Zhang , Zhanyou Liu , Guilan Ma , Fan Dai , Wu Li

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major human pathogen that causes apoptosis of immune cells during infection. The rate of apoptosis influences the severity and outcome of the disease, and can be fatal in conditions such as sepsis and septicemia. Dual-specificity phosphatase-1 (DUSP1) is a negative regulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in the host innate immune response. However, its role in S. aureus-induced apoptosis remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the function and underlying regulatory mechanisms of DUSP1 in S. aureus-induced apoptosis. This study revealed that S. aureus infection induces DUSP1 expression and promotes apoptosis. DUSP1 knockdown promotes S. aureus-induced apoptosis, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and expression of MAPK family member proteins, leading to increased lung tissue injury and poorer intracellular bacterial survival. Furthermore, S. aureus infection elevates the expression of immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BIP), promotes apoptosis, and enhances the binding of DUSP1 to BIP. Inhibition of BIP enhances S. aureus-induced apoptosis and MAPK signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that S. aureus infection induces DUSP1 and BIP expression, leading to cell apoptosis, and that DUSP1 interacts with BIP to regulate S. aureus-induced apoptosis through the MAPK signaling pathway. Our findings support the regulatory role of DUSP1 in S. aureus-mediated apoptosis, suggesting that DUSP1 is a potential anti-apoptotic therapeutic target.

金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）是一种主要的人类病原体，在感染过程中引起免疫细胞凋亡。细胞凋亡的速率影响疾病的严重程度和结果，在脓毒症和败血症等情况下可能是致命的。双特异性磷酸酶-1 （DUSP1）是宿主先天免疫应答中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路的负调控因子。然而，其在金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的细胞凋亡中的作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们研究了DUSP1在金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的细胞凋亡中的功能和潜在的调控机制。本研究发现，金黄色葡萄球菌感染可诱导DUSP1表达并促进细胞凋亡。DUSP1敲低促进金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的细胞凋亡、活性氧的积累和MAPK家族成员蛋白的表达，导致肺组织损伤增加和细胞内细菌存活率降低。此外，金黄色葡萄球菌感染可提高免疫球蛋白重链结合蛋白（BIP）的表达，促进细胞凋亡，并增强DUSP1与BIP的结合。抑制BIP可增强金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的细胞凋亡和MAPK信号通路。综上所述，这些研究结果表明，金黄色葡萄球菌感染诱导DUSP1和BIP表达，导致细胞凋亡，并且DUSP1与BIP通过MAPK信号通路相互作用调节金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的细胞凋亡。我们的研究结果支持DUSP1在金黄色葡萄球菌介导的细胞凋亡中的调节作用，表明DUSP1是一个潜在的抗凋亡治疗靶点。

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引用次数: 0

JA-dependent ROS modulation by acetoin-rich volatiles from amyloliquefaciens FZB42 triggers stomatal closure and enhances abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis 拟南芥解淀粉酶FZB42富含乙酰素挥发物对ja依赖性ROS的调节可触发气孔关闭并增强非生物胁迫耐受性。

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128427

Liang Yue , Ailing Ye , Constantine Uwaremwe , Xiaofan Xie , Andéole Niyongabo Turatsinze , Ling Jin , Yun Wang , Shaofang Liu , Yubao Zhang , Lam-Son Phan Tran , Yang Liu , Gaofeng Chen , Ruoyu Wang

Microbial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key mediators of plant stress resilience. However, the redox-mediated mechanisms by which VOCs from beneficial bacteria remotely orchestrate aerial plant defenses remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that VOCs from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 reprogram Arabidopsis thaliana redox homeostasis, inducing a primed state that confers broad-spectrum tolerance to subsequent abiotic stresses. This pre-adaptive response is characterized by a dual-phase modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS): enhancing H₂O₂ levels and inducing stomatal closure under normal conditions, while suppressing excessive ROS generation under drought. We identified acetoin as the key bioactive VOC, whose effect is abolished in bacterial mutants (ΔalsS, ΔalsD) and rescued by exogenous application. Genetic and transcriptomic evidence reveals that stomatal closure is mediated by a jasmonic acid (JA)–ROS signaling module and requires the ABA pathway component OST1. Moreover, these VOC-induced stomatal adjustments are associated with enhanced FZB42 rhizosphere colonization, which is linked to concurrent changes in root exudate profiles file. Our findings decode how rhizobacteria co-opt ROS signaling via volatiles to systemically prime plant defenses, offering a sustainable strategy for improving crop fitness through rhizosphere engineering.

微生物挥发性有机物（VOCs）是植物抗逆性的关键介质。然而，来自有益细菌的挥发性有机化合物远程协调空中植物防御的氧化还原介导机制仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们证明了来自解淀粉芽孢杆菌FZB42的挥发性有机化合物重新编程拟南芥氧化还原稳态，诱导一种启动状态，赋予对随后的非生物胁迫的广谱耐受性。这种预适应反应的特征是活性氧（ROS）的双相调节：在正常条件下提高h2o2水平并诱导气孔关闭，而在干旱条件下抑制过多的ROS产生。我们发现乙托因是关键的生物活性VOC，其作用在细菌突变体中被消除（ΔalsS， ΔalsD），并通过外源应用恢复。遗传和转录组学证据表明，气孔关闭是由茉莉酸(JA)-ROS信号模块介导的，需要ABA通路组分OST1。此外，这些voc诱导的气孔调节与FZB42根际定植增强有关，而FZB42根际定植增强与根分泌物剖面文件的同步变化有关。我们的研究结果解码了根瘤菌如何通过挥发物吸收ROS信号来系统地启动植物防御，为通过根际工程提高作物适应性提供了可持续的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms: Advances in nutrient uptake mechanisms, plant growth promotion, and sustainable agriculture 溶磷微生物：养分吸收机制、促进植物生长和可持续农业的研究进展

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128419

Gustavo Santoyo , Gilberto de Oliveira Mendes , Ma. del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda , Pamela H. Morales-Sandoval , Fannie I. Parra-Cota , Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos , Haoxuan Li , Zhen Li , Damar López-Arredondo , Luis R. Herrera-Estrella

Phosphorus (P) is a primary mineral nutrient essential for the growth and productivity of many crop plants. Although abundant in nature, its bioavailability is limited due to the prevalence of insoluble forms. An alternative for meeting agricultural P demand is the application of P-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs), which mobilize it. Although progress has been made in the study of PSMs, knowledge gaps still exist regarding their role in sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this review examines the barriers to P acquisition in low-solubility soils and highlights recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of P solubilization mediated by plant-associated bacteria and fungi. The molecular strategies involved in the uptake and transport of P from soil in plants are also analyzed. Bacteria from genera such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Streptomyces, as well as fungi including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Aspergillus spp., and Penicillium spp., employ various approaches to solubilize P, leading to improved plant nutrition. These mechanisms, which include the production of organic acids, cation chelation, proton exudation, and phosphatase activity, can be inferred from experimental approaches or genome mining strategies. The role of PSMs as plant growth promoters and enhancers of plant nutrition across diverse environmental conditions are also discussed. Finally, we propose the integration of PSM consortia as multifunctional bioinoculants to promote sustainable agricultural practices.

磷(P)是许多作物生长和生产所必需的主要矿质养分。虽然在自然界丰富，其生物利用度是有限的，由于普遍存在的不溶形式。另一种满足农业磷需求的方法是应用溶磷微生物（psm），它可以调动磷。尽管在对psm的研究方面取得了进展，但关于它们在可持续农业中的作用的知识差距仍然存在。因此，本文综述了低溶解度土壤中磷获取的障碍，并重点介绍了植物相关细菌和真菌介导的磷增溶机制的最新进展。本文还分析了植物吸收和转运磷的分子机制。芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌和链霉菌等属的细菌，以及包括丛枝菌根真菌、曲霉和青霉在内的真菌，采用各种方法溶解磷，从而改善植物营养。这些机制包括有机酸的产生、阳离子螯合、质子渗出和磷酸酶活性，可以从实验方法或基因组挖掘策略中推断出来。还讨论了psm作为植物生长促进剂和植物营养增强剂在不同环境条件下的作用。最后，我们建议整合PSM联盟作为多功能生物接种剂来促进可持续农业实践。

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引用次数: 0

A review of phage therapy for drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections 噬菌体治疗耐药铜绿假单胞菌感染研究进展。

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128417

Xiao Yu , Jinbei Zhang , Xiangmei Li , Guyu Li , Xiaoxiao Lu , Yinghan Shi , Wei Lin , Xiuli Wang , Weihua Zhang , Yigang Tong , Mengzhe Li , Lixin Xie , Mengying Yao

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major opportunistic pathogen implicated in a wide range of infections, including chronic respiratory infections, burn wound infections, urinary tract infections, and device-associated infections. Its intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms, particularly its capacity for biofilm formation, pose serious challenges to conventional antibiotic therapy. With the continued rise of multidrug-resistant and pan-drug-resistant strains, the need for alternative therapeutic strategies has become increasingly urgent. Phages, viruses that specifically recognize and lyse bacteria, have shown unique advantages in combating antibiotic-resistant infections. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the application of phage therapy for P. aeruginosa infections, covering in vitro bactericidal activity, biofilm degradation, and synergistic interactions with antibiotics. We further discuss evidence from animal models, including therapeutic efficacy, immunomodulatory effects, and pharmacokinetics. Emphasis is placed on clinical use cases, including different routes of administration, symptom relief, biomarker modulation, pathogen clearance rates, and adverse events. Typical case reports and early-phase clinical trials support the safety and efficacy of phage therapy. Nevertheless, translational barriers persist, such as the need for precise host matching, risks of immune neutralization, and the lack of standardized regulatory frameworks and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-grade production systems. The rapid development of engineered phages and individualized therapeutic approaches offers a feasible path forward. In conclusion, phage therapy holds significant promise for the treatment of drug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections, and future efforts should focus on establishing standardized systems, conducting multicenter clinical studies, and leveraging synthetic biology to accelerate its translation from bench to bedside.

铜绿假单胞菌是一种主要的机会性病原体，涉及广泛的感染，包括慢性呼吸道感染、烧伤感染、尿路感染和器械相关感染。其固有和获得性耐药机制，特别是其形成生物膜的能力，对传统抗生素治疗提出了严峻挑战。随着耐多药和泛耐药菌株的持续增加，对替代治疗策略的需求日益迫切。噬菌体是一种能够识别和分解细菌的病毒，在对抗抗生素耐药性感染方面显示出独特的优势。本文系统地综述了噬菌体治疗铜绿假单胞菌感染的最新进展，包括体外杀菌活性、生物膜降解以及与抗生素的协同相互作用。我们进一步讨论来自动物模型的证据，包括治疗效果、免疫调节作用和药代动力学。重点放在临床用例上，包括不同的给药途径、症状缓解、生物标志物调节、病原体清除率和不良事件。典型病例报告和早期临床试验支持噬菌体治疗的安全性和有效性。然而，翻译障碍仍然存在，例如需要精确的宿主匹配，免疫中和的风险，以及缺乏标准化的监管框架和良好生产规范（GMP）级生产系统。工程噬菌体的快速发展和个体化治疗方法提供了一条可行的前进道路。总之，噬菌体疗法对耐药铜绿假单胞菌感染的治疗具有重要的前景，未来的努力应集中在建立标准化系统，开展多中心临床研究，并利用合成生物学加速其从实验室到床边的转化。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative multi-omics elucidates the impact of microalgae on growth, quality, phytohormones, and rhizosphere microbiome of Angelica sinensis 综合多组学研究了微藻对当归生长、品质、植物激素和根际微生物群的影响

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128418

Tao Yang , Yulong Zhan , Jie Sha , Jiang Zhao , Chengniu Wang , Tong Peng , Lei Zhang

Microalgae have recently been recognized as sustainable biofertilizers that improve soil fertility while enhancing crop performance. However, their roles in regulating medicinal plant growth and quality, as well as the underlying ecological mechanisms, remain poorly understood. In this study, we systematically assessed the effects of three representative microalgae—Anabaena cylindrica (AC), Phormidium tenue (PT), and Chlorella vulgaris (CV)—on the growth, quality, hormonal regulation, soil nutrient dynamics, and rhizosphere microbiome of Angelica sinensis. Field inoculation trials demonstrated that all three microalgae significantly promoted biomass accumulation and increased antioxidant capacity. AC and CV further enhanced the accumulation of ferulic acid and flavonoids, which are two key quality determinants. Microalgal inoculation significantly altered rhizosphere soil properties by increasing total organic carbon and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, with AC uniquely elevating available phosphorus and iron. Metagenomic analysis revealed that AC and PT stimulated nitrification while suppressing denitrification, thereby reducing nitrogen loss and stabilizing the soil nitrogen pools. Distinct microbial taxa, including Rhodanobacter, Streptomyces, and Pseudomonas, were identified as the major contributors to carbon and nitrogen cycling. Hormone metabolomics showed that microalgal inoculation reprogrammed A. sinensis phytohormone profiles in a species-specific manner. Partial least squares path modeling suggested that AC and CV promote ferulic acid biosynthesis through distinct mechanisms, with AC associated with reduced investment in C-mineralization processes and CV associated with lower salicylic acid levels, whereas PT enhances biomass accumulation mainly by stimulating N-cycle processes. Collectively, this study provides integrated evidence linking microalgae-mediated nutrient cycling, rhizosphere microbiome shifts and hormonal regulation to enhanced quality formation in A. sinensis.

微藻最近被认为是一种可持续的生物肥料，可以提高土壤肥力，同时提高作物性能。然而，它们在调节药用植物生长和质量中的作用以及潜在的生态机制仍然知之甚少。本研究系统评价了3种具有代表性的微藻——白茅水藻（anabaena ica， AC）、黄颡鱼（Phormidium tenue， PT）和小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris， CV）对当归生长、品质、激素调节、土壤养分动态和根际微生物群的影响。田间接种试验表明，三种微藻均能显著促进生物量积累，提高抗氧化能力。AC和CV进一步促进了阿魏酸和黄酮类化合物的积累，这是两个关键的品质决定因素。接种微藻显著改变了根际土壤性质，增加了总有机碳和碱解氮，其中AC显著提高了有效磷和有效铁。宏基因组分析表明，AC和PT在促进硝化作用的同时抑制反硝化作用，从而减少氮的损失，稳定土壤氮库。不同的微生物类群，包括罗丹诺杆菌、链霉菌和假单胞菌，被确定为碳和氮循环的主要贡献者。激素代谢组学研究表明，微藻接种以一种特定的方式重新编程了中华黄芪的植物激素谱。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，AC和CV通过不同的机制促进阿魏酸的生物合成，AC与减少c矿化过程的投资有关，CV与降低水杨酸水平有关，而PT主要通过刺激n循环过程来促进生物量积累。总的来说，本研究提供了微藻介导的营养循环、根际微生物群变化和激素调节与中华沙棘品质形成增强有关的综合证据。

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引用次数: 0

Gene silencing targeting uk1_LRR or clathrin in the experimental vector Euscelidius variegatus modifies insect colonization by "flavescence dorée" phytoplasma 以uk1_LRR或网格蛋白为靶点的实验载体变异假丝虫的基因沉默改变了“黄酮”植物原体对昆虫定殖的影响

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128416

Nathalie Arricau-Bouvery, Marie-Pierre Dubrana, Sybille Duret, Xavier Foissac, Sylvie Malembic-Maher

The “flavescence dorée” (FD) phytoplasma is transmitted from grapevine to grapevine by the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus. In experimental conditions, this phytoplasma is also transmitted by the leafhopper Euscelidius variegatus to broad bean in which it multiplies and induces symptoms. To be transmitted to plants, phytoplasmas must invade different cell types of their insect vectors. The process of cellular endocytosis involves both bacterial and eucaryotic factors such as adhesins and receptors. In the present study, it is shown that entry of fluorescent beads coated with the adhesin VmpA of the FD phytoplasma into cultured E. variegatus cells depends on the putative receptor Uk1_LRR and clathrin of the insect. In vivo experiments have shown that silencing of uk1_LRR gene increased the colonization of E. variegatus by the FD phytoplasmas without effect on the plant transmission. On the contrary, silencing of clathrin gene significantly reduced the colonization of E. variegatus and the transmission to broad bean.

叶蝉（Scaphoideus titanus）在葡萄藤间传播“黄变性”植物原体。在实验条件下，这种植物原体也通过叶蝉传播到蚕豆上，在蚕豆上繁殖并引起症状。为了传播给植物，植物原体必须侵入其昆虫载体的不同细胞类型。细胞内吞过程涉及细菌和真核生物因子，如黏附素和受体。本研究表明，涂有FD植原体黏附素VmpA的荧光珠能否进入培养的斑叶田鼠细胞，取决于该昆虫的受体Uk1_LRR和笼蛋白。体内实验表明，uk1_LRR基因的沉默增加了FD植物原体对变异弧菌的定殖，但对植物传播没有影响。相反，沉默网格蛋白基因可显著降低变异螟的定殖和向蚕豆的传播。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of novel Vibrio phages as potential biocontrol agents against Vibrio alginolyticus and insights into its phage-resistant mutant 新型噬菌体作为溶藻弧菌潜在生物防治剂的特性及其噬菌体抗性突变体的研究

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128412

Roshan Nepal , Tony Charles , George Bouras , Richard S. Taylor , James W. Wynne

Pathogenic bacteria are an ongoing threat to intensive agriculture, including aquaculture. With the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), novel non-traditional antimicrobials are urgently needed to minimize the dependence on antibiotics. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy, which uses naturally occurring viruses to kill specific bacterium, is gaining interest and offers huge potential for targeted pathogen control in aquaculture. However, many challenges regarding stability and emergence of phage-resistance must be overcome. Here, we isolated and characterized eight Vibrio phages against an emerging aquaculture pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus and studied their bactericidal and antibiofilm potency. We then used next-generation sequencing to understand how the Vibrio species may gain phage resistance. Our results indicated that most of the isolated Vibrio phages (seven out of eight) shared < 40 % genomic similarity with phages isolated elsewhere, possibly suggesting novel strains. The phages were stable in different temperatures (4–40 °C), pHs (3−10) and salinities (0–50 ppt) up to 6 h without significant loss in viability. Although individual phages had variable bactericidal efficiency and bacteria rapidly developed phage-resistance, phage cocktail formulations were highly efficient and significantly suppressed bacterial growth up to 15 h, inhibited biofilm formation (p < 0.05) and eradicated established biofilms (p < 0.05). Sequencing confirmed absence of lysogeny modules, known toxins and AMR genes in seven of the phages. Further, tRNAs and a putative anti-CRISPR (Acr) protein was found in two of the most efficient phages. Though bacteria rapidly developed phage-resistance, we observed increased antibiotic sensitivity as a trade-off which possibly resulted from defective efflux pump. Our findings support potential applications of Vibrio phages in aquaculture systems for minimizing the burden of Vibriosis. However, further research is required to elucidate the role of efflux pump system in phage-resistance and antimicrobial resistance.

致病菌对包括水产养殖在内的集约化农业构成持续威胁。随着抗菌素耐药性（AMR）的出现，迫切需要新的非传统抗菌素以尽量减少对抗生素的依赖。噬菌体疗法是一种利用自然产生的病毒杀死特定细菌的疗法，它正在引起人们的兴趣，并为水产养殖中的靶向病原体控制提供了巨大的潜力。然而，关于噬菌体耐药性的稳定性和出现的许多挑战必须克服。在这里，我们分离并鉴定了8种抗新兴水产养殖病原体溶藻弧菌的噬菌体，并研究了它们的杀菌和抗膜效力。然后，我们使用下一代测序来了解弧菌物种如何获得噬菌体抗性。我们的结果表明，大多数分离的弧菌噬菌体（8个中有7个）与其他地方分离的噬菌体具有<； 40 %的基因组相似性，可能表明是新的菌株。噬菌体在温度（4-40 °C）、ph（3−10）和盐度（0-50 ppt） 6 h内均保持稳定，没有明显的活力损失。虽然单个噬菌体具有不同的杀菌效率，细菌迅速产生噬菌体抗性，但噬菌体鸡尾酒配方效率高，可显著抑制细菌生长至15 h，抑制生物膜的形成（p <； 0.05）并根除已建立的生物膜（p <； 0.05）。测序证实，其中7个噬菌体中缺乏溶原模块、已知毒素和抗菌素耐药性基因。此外，在两个最有效的噬菌体中发现了trna和一种推定的抗crispr （Acr）蛋白。虽然细菌迅速发展出噬菌体耐药性，但我们观察到抗生素敏感性的增加可能是由于外排泵缺陷造成的。我们的研究结果支持弧菌噬菌体在水产养殖系统中的潜在应用，以尽量减少弧菌病的负担。然而，外排泵系统在噬菌体耐药和抗菌药物耐药中的作用还有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0