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Plant growth-promoting microorganisms drive K strategists through deterministic processes to alleviate biological stress caused by Fusarium oxysporum 植物生长促进微生物通过决定性过程驱动钾策略因子,以减轻镰刀菌造成的生物胁迫
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127911

Soybean root rot, caused by soil-borne pathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum, frequently occurs in Northeast China and leads to a decline in soil health and becoming a bottleneck for soybean yield in the region. To address this issue, applying beneficial microorganisms and altering soil microbial community structure have become effective strategies. In this study, the 90-day soybean pot experiment was conducted to explore the assembly process and life strategy selection of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of healthy (inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae, F group and treated with Pseudomonas putida, P group) and diseased (inoculated with F. oxysporum, O group) soybean plants, as well as the recovery effect of beneficial microorganisms on soil-borne diseases (combined treatments OP and OF). Results indicated that in healthy soils (P and F), microbial community assembly process in the soybean rhizosphere was entirely governed by heterogeneous selection (HeS, 100 %). However, inoculated with P. putida (OP) was primarily driven by stochastic processes (HeS 40 %, dispersal limitation (DL) 60 %), and the F. mosseae treatment (OF) predominantly followed a deterministic process (HeS 89 %, DL 11 %) in diseased soils. Inoculation of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) in diseased soil drove the life strategy of the rhizosphere bacterial community from r- to K-strategy, evident from the lower rRNA operon (rrn) copy numbers (O 3.7, OP 2.1, OF 2.3), higher G+ to G- ratios (O 0.47, OP 0.58, OF 0.57), and a higher abundance of oligotrophs (O 50 %, OP 53 %, OF 54 %). In healthy (P and F) and diseased (O, OP, OF) rhizosphere soils, OTU820, OTU6142, and OTU8841 under the K-strategy, and OTU6032 and OTU6917 under the r-strategy, which served as keystone species, had a significant promoting relationship with plant biomass and defense capabilities ( p <0.05). Additionally, inoculation of PGPMs improved autotoxin degradation and positively correlated with bacterial life strategies in both healthy and diseased soils (P, F, OP and OF) ( p <0.05). These findings enhance our understanding of soil-microbe interactions and offer new insights and precise control measures for soybean disease management and soil environment remediation.

大豆根腐病是由镰刀菌等土传病原菌引起的,在中国东北地区经常发生,导致土壤健康状况下降,成为该地区大豆产量的瓶颈。为解决这一问题,施用有益微生物和改变土壤微生物群落结构已成为有效的策略。本研究通过为期 90 天的大豆盆栽实验,探讨了健康大豆植株(接种 Funneliformis mosseae,F 组,用 Pseudomonas putida 处理,P 组)和患病大豆植株(接种 F. oxysporum,O 组)根瘤菌群落的组装过程和生命策略选择,以及有益微生物对土传病害(OP 和 OF 组合处理)的恢复效果。结果表明,在健康土壤(P 和 F)中,大豆根圈微生物群落的形成过程完全受异质性选择(HeS,100%)的控制。然而,在病害土壤中,接种 P. putida(OP)主要由随机过程驱动(HeS 40 %,扩散限制 (DL) 60 %),而 F. mosseae 处理(OF)则主要遵循确定性过程(HeS 89 %,DL 11 %)。在病害土壤中接种促进植物生长的微生物(PGPMs)后,根瘤菌群落的生活战略从 r 战略转变为 K 战略,这从较低的 rRNA 操作子(rrn)拷贝数(O 3.7、OP 2.1、OF 2.3)、较高的 G+ 与 G- 比率(O 0.47、OP 0.58、OF 0.57)和较高的寡养菌丰度(O 50%、OP 53%、OF 54%)中可以看出。在健康(P 和 F)和病害(O、OP、OF)根瘤土壤中,K 策略下的 OTU820、OTU6142 和 OTU8841,以及 r 策略下的 OTU6032 和 OTU6917 作为关键种,与植物的生物量和防御能力有显著的促进关系 ( p <0.05)。此外,接种 PGPMs 可改善自毒素降解,并与健康土壤和病害土壤中的细菌生活策略(P、F、OP 和 OF)呈正相关(p <0.05)。这些发现加深了我们对土壤-微生物相互作用的理解,为大豆病害管理和土壤环境修复提供了新的见解和精确的控制措施。
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引用次数: 0
PGPR inoculants journey from lab to land: Challenges and limitations PGPR 接种剂从实验室到土地的过程:挑战与局限
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127910
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling the genetic basis and metabolic rewiring behind the galactose-positive phenotype in a Streptococcus thermophilus mutant 揭示嗜热链球菌突变体半乳糖阳性表型背后的遗传基础和代谢线路重构
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127894

Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) is a widely used starter culture in dairy fermentation, but most strains are galactose-negative and only metabolize glucose from lactose hydrolysis. In this study, we aimed to uncover the mechanisms underlying the acquisition of a stable galactose-positive (Gal+) phenotype in a mutant strain of S. thermophilus IMAU10636. By treating the wild-type strain with the mutagenic agent N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, we successfully isolated a Gal+ mutant, S. thermophilus IMAU10636Y. Comparative enzyme activity assays revealed that the mutant exhibited higher β-galactosidase and galactokinase activities, but lower glucokinase and pyruvate kinase activities compared to the wild-type. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis confirmed the mutant’s enhanced ability to utilize lactose and galactose, leading to increased glucose secretion. Integrated genome and transcriptomics analyses provided deeper insights into the underlying genetic and metabolic mechanisms. We found that the metabolism regulatory network of the glycolysis / Leloir pathway was altered in the mutant, possibly due to the upregulation of the gene expression in the galR-galK intergenic region. This likely led to increased RNA polymerase binding and transcription of the gal operon, ultimately promoting the Gal+ phenotype. Additionally, we identified a mutation in the scrR gene, encoding a LacI family transcriptional repressor, which also contributed to the Gal+ phenotype. These findings offer new perspectives on the metabolic rewiring and regulatory mechanisms that enable S. thermophilus to acquire the ability to metabolize galactose. This knowledge can inform strategies for engineering and selecting Gal+ strains with desirable fermentation characteristics for dairy applications.

嗜热链球菌(S. thermophilus)是乳制品发酵中广泛使用的启动培养物,但大多数菌株都是半乳糖阴性的,只能代谢乳糖水解产生的葡萄糖。在本研究中,我们旨在揭示嗜热杆菌突变菌株 IMAU10636 获得稳定的半乳糖阳性(Gal+)表型的机制。通过用诱变剂 N-甲基-N-亚硝基-N-亚硝基胍处理野生型菌株,我们成功分离出了 Gal+ 突变体嗜热菌 IMAU10636Y。酶活性比较试验显示,与野生型相比,突变体具有更高的β-半乳糖苷酶和半乳激酶活性,但葡萄糖激酶和丙酮酸激酶活性较低。高效液相色谱分析证实,突变体利用乳糖和半乳糖的能力增强,导致葡萄糖分泌增加。基因组学和转录组学的综合分析使我们对潜在的遗传和代谢机制有了更深入的了解。我们发现,突变体中糖酵解/Leloir 途径的代谢调控网络发生了改变,这可能是由于 galR-galK 基因间区域的基因表达上调所致。这可能导致 RNA 聚合酶的结合和 gal 操作子的转录增加,最终促进了 Gal+ 表型的形成。此外,我们还发现编码 LacI 家族转录抑制因子的 scrR 基因发生了突变,这也导致了 Gal+ 表型的形成。这些发现为嗜热菌获得半乳糖代谢能力的代谢重构和调控机制提供了新的视角。这些知识可为乳制品应用中具有理想发酵特性的 Gal+ 菌株的工程和选择策略提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
KPC variants conferring resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains 铜绿假单胞菌株中对头孢他啶-阿维巴坦产生耐药性的 KPC 变体
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127893

Background

This study aimed to characterize three KPC variants (KPC-33, KPC-100, and KPC-201) obtained from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (#700), along with two induced strains C109 and C108.

Methods

Genomic DNAs of #700 (ST235), C109 (ST463), and C108 (ST1076) were sequenced using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technologies. The transferability and stability of the plasmid was assessed through conjugation experiments and plasmid stability experiments, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of bacterial strains were determined using broth microdilution methods. In vitro induction was performed using ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) at concentrations of 6/4 µg/ml. Linear genomic alignments were visualized using Easyfig, and protein structure modeling of the novel KPC variant (KPC-201) was conducted using PyMol.

Results

The plasmids carrying the KPC variants in the three CZA-resistant strains (C109, C108, and #700) had sizes of 39,251 bp (KPC-100), 394,978 bp (KPC-201), and 48,994 bp (KPC-33). All three plasmids belonged to the IncP-like incompatibility (Inc) groups, and the plasmid exhibited relatively high plasmid stability, KPC-33 and KPC-201-harboring plasmids were successfully transferred to the recipient strain P. aeruginosa PAO1rifR. The genetic environments of the three blaKPC genes differed from each other. The mobile elements of the three blaKPC genes were as follows, TnAS1-IS26-ΔISKpn27-blaKPC-33-ISKpn6-IS26, IS6-ΔISKpn27-blaKPC-100-ISKpn6-IS26-Tn3-IS26, and IS6100-ISKpn27-blaKPC-201-ISKpn6-TnAS1. Notably, the length of ΔISKpn27 upstream of the blaKPC-33 and blaKPC-100 genes were remarkably short, measuring 114 bp and 56 bp, respectively, deviating significantly from typical lengths associated with ISKpn27 elements. Moreover, the novel KPC variant, KPC-201, featured a deletion of amino acids LDR at positions 161–163 in KPC-3, resulting in a looser pocket structure contributing to its avibactam resistance.

Conclusions

KPC-201, identified as a novel KPC variant, exhibits resistance to CZA. The presence of multiple mobile elements surrounding the blaKPC-variant genes on stable plasmids is concerning. Urgent preventive measures are crucial to curb its dissemination in clinical settings.

背景本研究旨在鉴定从铜绿假单胞菌临床分离株(700 号)以及两株诱导株 C109 和 C108 中获得的三个 KPC 变体(KPC-33、KPC-100 和 KPC-201)的特征。方法使用 Illumina 和 Oxford Nanopore 技术对 700 号(ST235)、C109(ST463)和 C108(ST1076)的基因组 DNA 进行测序。质粒的转移性和稳定性分别通过共轭实验和质粒稳定性实验进行了评估。使用肉汤微稀释法测定细菌菌株的最小抑菌浓度。使用头孢唑肟-阿维巴坦(CZA)进行体外诱导,浓度为 6/4 µg/ml。结果三个耐 CZA 菌株(C109、C108 和 #700)中携带 KPC 变体的质粒大小分别为 39,251 bp(KPC-100)、394,978 bp(KPC-201)和 48,994 bp(KPC-33)。这三个质粒都属于类 IncP 不相容(Inc)组,质粒表现出较高的稳定性,KPC-33 和 KPC-201 载体质粒被成功转入受体菌株铜绿微囊藻 PAO1rifR。三种 blaKPC 基因的遗传环境各不相同。三个 blaKPC 基因的移动元件如下:TnAS1-IS26-ΔISKpn27-blaKPC-33-ISKpn6-IS26、IS6-ΔISKpn27-blaKPC-100-ISKpn6-IS26-Tn3-IS26 和 IS6100-ISKpn27-blaKPC-201-ISKpn6-TnAS1。值得注意的是,blaKPC-33 和 blaKPC-100 基因上游的 ΔISKpn27 长度非常短,分别为 114 bp 和 56 bp,与 ISKpn27 元件的典型长度明显不同。此外,新型 KPC 变异株 KPC-201 在 KPC-3 的第 161-163 位缺失了 LDR 氨基酸,导致口袋结构更松散,从而产生了阿维菌素耐药性。稳定质粒上的 blaKPC 变异基因周围存在多个移动元件,这令人担忧。采取紧急预防措施遏制其在临床环境中的传播至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Elaborating the multifarious role of PGPB for sustainable food security under changing climate conditions 阐述植物基因工程在不断变化的气候条件下促进可持续粮食安全的多重作用
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127895

Changing climate creates a challenge to agricultural sustainability and food security by changing patterns of parameters like increased UV radiation, rising temperature, altered precipitation patterns, and higher occurrence of extreme weather incidents. Plants are vulnerable to different abiotic stresses such as waterlogging, salinity, heat, cold, and drought in their natural environments. The prevailing agricultural management practices play a major role in the alteration of the Earth's climate by causing biodiversity loss, soil degradation through chemical and physical degradation, and pollution of water bodies. The extreme usage of pesticides and fertilizers leads to climate change by releasing greenhouse gases (GHGs) and depositing toxic substances in the soil. At present, there is an urgent need to address these abiotic stresses to achieve sustainable growth in agricultural production and fulfill the rising global food demand. Several types of bacteria that are linked with plants can increase plant resistance to stress and lessen the negative effects of environmental challenges. This review aims to explore the environmentally friendly capabilities and prospects of multi-trait plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) in the alleviation of detrimental impacts of harsh environmental conditions on plants.

不断变化的气候改变了紫外线辐射增加、气温升高、降水模式改变和极端天气事件增多等参数模式,给农业可持续性和粮食安全带来了挑战。植物在自然环境中很容易受到不同的非生物胁迫,如水涝、盐碱、高温、寒冷和干旱。普遍的农业管理方法导致生物多样性丧失、土壤因化学和物理退化而退化以及水体污染,从而对地球气候的改变起到了重要作用。杀虫剂和化肥的大量使用会释放温室气体,并在土壤中沉积有毒物质,从而导致气候变化。目前,迫切需要解决这些非生物压力,以实现农业生产的可持续增长,满足全球不断增长的粮食需求。与植物相关的几种细菌可以增强植物的抗逆性,减轻环境挑战的负面影响。本综述旨在探讨多性状植物生长促进细菌(PGPB)在减轻恶劣环境条件对植物的不利影响方面的环境友好能力和前景。
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引用次数: 0
Conjugative transmission of virulence plasmid in Klebsiella pneumoniae mediated by a novel IncN-like plasmid 肺炎克雷伯菌中由新型 IncN 样质粒介导的毒力质粒的共轭传播
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127896

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is increasingly recognized as a reservoir for a range of antibiotic resistance genes and a pathogen that frequently causes severe infections in both hospital and community settings. In this study, we have identified a novel mechanism of conjugative transfer of a non-conjugative virulence plasmid through the formation of a fusion plasmid between the virulence plasmid and a novel 59,162 bp IncN- plasmid. This plasmid was found to be a multidrug-resistance (MDR) plasmid and carried a T4SS cluster, which greatly facilitated the efficient horizontal transfer of the fusion plasmid between Kp strains. The fused virulence plasmid conferred the resistance of serum killing and macrophage phagocytosis to the transconjugants. Importantly, this plasmid was shown to be essential for Kp virulence in a mouse model. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the virulence factors encoded by this virulence plasmid contributed to resistance to in vivo clearance and induced a high level of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which acts as an inducer for more neutrophil recruitment. The transmission of the fusion plasmid in Kp has the potential to convert it into both MDR and hypervirulent Kp, accelerating its evolution, and posing a serious threat to human health. The findings of this study provide new insights into the rapid evolution of MDR and hypervirulent Kp in recent years.

肺炎克雷伯菌(Kp)越来越被认为是一系列抗生素耐药基因的贮藏库,也是一种在医院和社区环境中经常引起严重感染的病原体。在这项研究中,我们发现了一种非共轭型毒力质粒的新型共轭转移机制,即毒力质粒与 59,162 bp 的新型 IncN- 质粒之间形成融合质粒。研究发现,这种质粒是一种具有多重耐药性(MDR)的质粒,并携带一个 T4SS 簇,这极大地促进了融合质粒在 Kp 菌株之间的高效水平转移。融合后的毒力质粒使转染株具有抗血清杀灭和巨噬细胞吞噬的能力。重要的是,在小鼠模型中,该质粒被证明对 Kp 的毒力至关重要。机理分析表明,该毒力质粒编码的毒力因子有助于抵抗体内清除,并诱导高水平的促炎细胞因子IL-1β,从而诱导更多的中性粒细胞募集。Kp中融合质粒的传播有可能使其转化为MDR和高病毒性Kp,加速其进化,对人类健康构成严重威胁。本研究的发现为近年来 MDR 和高病毒性 Kp 的快速进化提供了新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Melatonin alleviates apple replant disease by regulating the endophytic microbiome of roots and phloridzin accumulation 褪黑素通过调节根部的内生微生物群和phloridzin的积累来减轻苹果移栽病害。
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127897

Melatonin administration is an environmentally effective strategy to mitigate apple replant disease (ARD), but its mechanism of action is unknown. This study investigated the protective effect of melatonin on ARD and the underlying mechanism. In field experiments, melatonin significantly reduced phloridzin levels in apple roots and rhizosphere soil. A correlation analysis indicated that a potential antagonistic interaction between melatonin and phloridzin was crucial for improving soil physicochemical properties, increasing the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities in roots of apple seedlings, and promoting mineral element absorption by the plants. Melatonin also reduced the abundance of Fusarium in roots. The ability of melatonin to reduce phloridzin levels both in soil and in plants was also demonstrated in a pot experiment. Azovibrio were specifically recruited in response to melatonin and their abundance was negatively correlated with phloridzin levels. Fusarium species that have a negative impact on plant growth were also inhibited by melatonin. Our results show that melatonin improves the rhizosphere environment as well as the structure of the endophytic microbiota community, by reducing phloridzin levels in rhizosphere soil and roots. These regulatory effects of melatonin support its use to improve the physiological state of plants under ARD conditions and thereby overcome the barriers of perennial cropping systems.

施用褪黑激素是减轻苹果再植病(ARD)的一种环境有效策略,但其作用机制尚不清楚。本研究调查了褪黑激素对苹果再植病(ARD)的保护作用及其机理。在田间试验中,褪黑激素显著降低了苹果根部和根瘤土壤中的氯唑嗪含量。相关性分析表明,褪黑素与披碱草素之间潜在的拮抗作用对于改善土壤理化性质、增加苹果幼苗根部内生细菌群落的多样性以及促进植物对矿质元素的吸收至关重要。褪黑素还能减少根部镰刀菌的数量。盆栽实验也证明,褪黑激素能够降低土壤和植物中的杀螟丹含量。Azovibrio 对褪黑激素有特异性反应,它们的数量与 phloridzin 的水平呈负相关。褪黑激素还能抑制对植物生长有负面影响的镰刀菌。我们的研究结果表明,褪黑激素通过降低根瘤菌圈土壤和根部的氯唑嗪水平,改善了根瘤菌圈环境以及内生微生物群落的结构。褪黑激素的这些调节作用支持利用它来改善 ARD 条件下植物的生理状态,从而克服多年生耕作系统的障碍。
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引用次数: 0
A ubiquitin-mediated post-translational degradation of Cyp51A contributes to a novel azole resistance mode in Aspergillus fumigatus 由泛素介导的 Cyp51A 翻译后降解促成了曲霉的新型唑类抗性模式
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127891

The airborne fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is a major pathogen that poses a serious health threat to humans by causing aspergillosis. Azole antifungals inhibit sterol 14-demethylase (encoded by cyp51A), an enzyme crucial for fungal cell survival. However, the most common mechanism of azole resistance in A. fumigatus is associated with the mutations in cyp51A and tandem repeats in its promoter, leading to reduced drug-enzyme interaction and overexpression of cyp51A. It remains unknown whether post-translational modifications of Cyp51A contribute to azole resistance. In this study, we report that the Cyp51A expression is highly induced upon exposure to itraconazole, while its ubiquitination level is significantly reduced by itraconazole. Loss of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc7 confers resistance to multiple azole antifungals but hinders hyphal growth, conidiation, and virulence. Western blot and immunoprecipitation assays show that deletion of ubc7 reduces Cyp51A degradation by impairing its ubiquitination, thereby leading to drug resistance. Most importantly, the overexpression of ubc7 in common environmental and clinical azole-resistant cyp51A isolates partially restores azole sensitivity. Our findings demonstrate a non-cyp51A mutation-based resistance mechanism and uncover a novel role of post-translational modification in contributing to azole resistance in A. fumigatus.

空气中的曲霉菌是一种主要病原体,可引起曲霉菌病,对人类健康构成严重威胁。唑类抗真菌药能抑制固醇 14-脱甲基酶(由 cyp51A 编码),这种酶对真菌细胞的存活至关重要。然而,烟曲霉中最常见的唑类抗药性机制与 cyp51A 的突变及其启动子中的串联重复有关,从而导致药物与酶的相互作用减弱和 cyp51A 的过度表达。Cyp51A的翻译后修饰是否会导致唑类抗性,目前仍不得而知。在本研究中,我们报告了暴露于伊曲康唑时,Cyp51A的表达被高度诱导,而其泛素化水平因伊曲康唑而显著降低。泛素结合酶 Ubc7 的缺失会导致对多种唑类抗真菌药产生抗性,但会阻碍菌丝生长、分生孢子和毒力。Western 印迹和免疫沉淀分析表明,ubc7 的缺失会影响 Cyp51A 的泛素化,从而减少 Cyp51A 的降解,进而导致耐药性。最重要的是,在常见的环境和临床抗唑 cyp51A 分离物中,ubc7 的过表达部分恢复了对唑类的敏感性。我们的研究结果证明了一种非基于细胞p51A突变的抗药性机制,并揭示了翻译后修饰在导致烟曲霉产生唑类抗药性方面的新作用。
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引用次数: 0
Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial encounter structure regulates the mitochondrial morphology, DON biosynthesis and toxisome formation in Fusarium graminearum 内质网-线粒体相遇结构调控禾谷镰刀菌的线粒体形态、DON 生物合成和毒素组形成
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127892

The endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial encounter structure (ERMES) complex is known to play crucial roles in various cellular processes. However, its functional significance in filamentous fungi, particularly its impact on deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum, remains inadequately understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory function of the ERMES complex in F. graminearum. Our findings indicate significant changes in mitochondrial morphology of ERMES mutants, accompanied by decreased ATP content and ergosterol production. Notably, the toxisome formation in the ERMES mutant ΔFgMDM10 was defective, resulting in a substantial reduction in DON biosynthesis. This suggests a pivotal role of ERMES in toxisome formation, as evidenced by the pronounced inhibition of toxisome formation when ERMES was disrupted by boscalid. Furthermore, ERMES deficiencies were shown to diminish the virulence of F. graminearum towards host plants significantly. In conclusion, our results suggest ERMES is an important regulator of mitochondrial morphology, DON biosynthesis, and toxisome formation in F. graminearum.

众所周知,内质网-线粒体相遇结构(ERMES)复合物在各种细胞过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,人们对它在丝状真菌中的功能意义,特别是它对禾谷镰刀菌中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌醇(DON)生物合成的影响,仍然缺乏足够的了解。在本研究中,我们旨在研究ERMES复合体在禾谷镰刀菌中的调控功能。我们的研究结果表明,ERMES 突变体的线粒体形态发生了显著变化,同时 ATP 含量和麦角甾醇产量也有所下降。值得注意的是,ERMES 突变体 ΔFgMDM10 的毒素体形成存在缺陷,导致 DON 生物合成大幅减少。这表明ERMES在毒素体形成过程中起着关键作用,当ERMES被boscalid破坏时,毒素体的形成受到明显抑制就是证明。此外,ERMES 的缺失还能显著降低禾本科镰刀菌对寄主植物的毒力。总之,我们的研究结果表明,ERMES 是禾谷镰孢线粒体形态、DON 生物合成和毒素体形成的重要调节因子。
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引用次数: 0
Elucidation of PGPR-responsive OsNAM2 regulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis by AFP2 and SUS protein interaction 阐明PGPR响应性OsNAM2通过AFP2和SUS蛋白相互作用调控拟南芥的耐盐性。
IF 6.1 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127890

This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress responses in plants, focusing on the regulatory roles of OsNAM2, a gene influenced by the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SN13). The study examines how SN13-modulated OsNAM2 enhances salt tolerance in Arabidopsis through physiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. Overexpression of OsNAM2, especially with SN13 inoculation, improves germination, seedling growth, root length, and biomass under high NaCl concentrations compared to wild-type plants, indicating a synergistic effect. OsNAM2 overexpression enhances relative water content, reduces electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde accumulation, and increases proline content, suggesting better membrane integrity and stress endurance. Furthermore, SN13 and OsNAM2 overexpression modulates essential metabolic genes involved in glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, facilitating metabolic adjustments crucial for salt stress adaptation. The interaction of OsNAM2 with SUS, facilitated by SN13, suggests enhanced sucrose metabolism efficiency, providing substrates for protective responses. Additionally, OsNAM2 plays a regulatory role in the ABA signaling pathway through significant protein-protein interactions like with AFP2. This study highlights the intricate interplay between SN13-responsive OsNAM2 and key signaling pathways, suggesting strategies for enhancing crop salt tolerance through targeted genetic and microbial interventions

本研究调查了植物盐胁迫反应的分子机制,重点研究了受植物生长促进根瘤杆菌(SN13)影响的基因 OsNAM2 的调控作用。研究通过生理、生化和分子分析,探讨了 SN13 调控的 OsNAM2 如何增强拟南芥的耐盐性。与野生型植物相比,OsNAM2的过表达,特别是与SN13接种一起过表达,能改善高浓度NaCl条件下的发芽、幼苗生长、根长和生物量,表明这是一种协同效应。OsNAM2 的过表达提高了相对含水量,减少了电解质渗漏和丙二醛积累,增加了脯氨酸含量,表明膜的完整性和抗逆性更好。此外,SN13 和 OsNAM2 的过表达可调节参与糖酵解、磷酸戊糖途径和三羧酸循环的重要代谢基因,促进对盐胁迫适应至关重要的代谢调整。在 SN13 的促进下,OsNAM2 与 SUS 相互作用,提高了蔗糖代谢效率,为保护性反应提供了底物。此外,OsNAM2 通过与 AFP2 等重要的蛋白质相互作用,在 ABA 信号通路中发挥调控作用。这项研究强调了 SN13 响应的 OsNAM2 与关键信号通路之间错综复杂的相互作用,为通过有针对性的遗传和微生物干预提高作物耐盐性提出了策略建议。
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Microbiological research
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