Minerals Engineering最新文献_第10页

Ionic strength of flotation medium and consequential effects 浮选介质的离子强度及其影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109048

Patrick Rankin , Antonio Di Feo , Sadan Kelebek

Environmental factors and water scarcity have led to the recirculation of greater quantities of water in mineral processing plants. Recycling water or using alternate water sources, e.g. seawater, for flotation can result in an increase in ionic concentrations and lower water quality. Water recirculation and lower water quality can increase ionic strength which can cause corrosion, scale formation, changes in water recovery to the froth phase, precipitation of species on the mineral surfaces causing accidental activation or passivation, agglomeration of particles (double layer compression), loss in selectivity in flotation-lower grade and recovery, froth persistence, and impact bubble-particle interaction. However, in certain cases the effect of ionic strength is not the main factor affecting flotation; reagent type and dosage can have a more significant impact. The ionic species, temperature and their interactions can affect flotation significantly. Certain ionic species like sulfate, sodium, calcium, base metals, chlorine and thiosulphates have threshold concentrations. If these concentration are exceeded, flotation would be negatively effected. The solution chemistry of dissolved species and ionic strength in water is discussed in terms of effects on decay length (double layer compression) on particles, froth properties, threshold concentrations, water film destabilisation, water recovery to froth phase, bubble properties, surface chemistry (precipitates formation and adhesion on particles) and metallurgy. The effects of ionic strength, temperature, species in solution and their interactions on mineral flotation, and sources of variation in water quality are also presented in this article. This review will serve as fundamental knowledge for further study on the effects of water quality. Research gaps and challenges are also discussed.

环境因素和水资源短缺导致矿物加工厂需要循环使用更多的水。循环用水或使用海水等替代水源进行浮选会导致离子浓度增加和水质下降。水的再循环和水质的降低会增加离子强度，从而导致腐蚀、结垢、泡沫相的水回收率发生变化、矿物表面的物种沉淀导致意外活化或钝化、颗粒团聚（双层压缩）、浮选选择性丧失--品位和回收率降低、泡沫持久性以及气泡与颗粒之间的相互影响。不过，在某些情况下，离子强度的影响并不是影响浮选的主要因素；试剂类型和用量的影响可能更大。离子种类、温度及其相互作用会对浮选产生重大影响。某些离子种类，如硫酸盐、钠、钙、贱金属、氯和硫代硫酸盐，都有阈值浓度。如果超过这些浓度，浮选就会受到负面影响。本文从对颗粒衰变长度（双层压缩）、浮选特性、阈值浓度、水膜失稳、浮选阶段的水回收、气泡特性、表面化学（沉淀物的形成和颗粒上的附着力）和冶金学的影响等方面讨论了水中溶解物种和离子强度的溶液化学性质。本文还介绍了离子强度、温度、溶液中的物种及其相互作用对矿物浮选的影响，以及水质变化的来源。这篇综述将作为进一步研究水质影响的基础知识。文章还讨论了研究差距和挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Study on fluidization characteristic of fluidized-bed flotation based on multi factor 基于多因素的流化床浮选流化特性研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109086

Qinglin Yin , Hongji Chen , Shihao Ding , Qi He , Xiahui Gui , Yaowen Xing

Fluidized bed flotation involves three phases of gas, liquid and solid, which can be used for the separation of coarse minerals. In this study, a two-dimensional gas–liquid-solid fluidized bed was developed to explore the fluidization characteristics of fluidized bed flotation. The effects of water velocity, air velocity, frother dosage and particle size (Q_l, Q_g, ρ_n, D_p) on the average pressure drop (–ΔP) and standard deviation (σ_ΔP) were investigated. As the water velocity increases, the pressure drop initially increases, subsequently decreases and eventually remains constant. Increasing the air velocity will enhance the resistance of the bed to the water flow, resulting in a reduction in the water velocity required by peak pressure drop. Furthermore, the pressure drop is observed to decrease due to an increase in air velocity after reaching complete fluidization. Increasing the particle size has the opposite effect, while variations in frother dosage only influence the peak pressure drop. According to the bubble behavior, the influence of different conditions on the pressure drop fluctuation was analyzed. Increasing the water velocity, the frother dosage and the particle size contribute to a reduction in pressure drop fluctuation, whereas an increase in air velocity has the opposite effect. When the water velocity exceeds 1.2 L/min and the frother dosage exceeds 80 g/t, the pressure drop fluctuation is basically unchanged. Finally, the response surface methodology was used to analyze the interaction among the variables, and a mathematical model of the correlation coefficient was established to predict effects.

流化床浮选涉及气、液、固三相，可用于粗矿物的分离。本研究开发了一个二维气-液-固流化床，以探索流化床浮选的流化特性。研究了水速、气速、泡沫剂用量和粒度（Ql、Qg、ρn、Dp）对平均压降（-ΔP）和标准偏差（σΔP）的影响。随着水流速度的增加，压降先是增大，然后减小，最后保持不变。提高气流速度会增加床面对水流的阻力，从而降低峰值压降所需的水流速度。此外，在达到完全流化后，由于气流速度的增加，压降也会减小。增加颗粒大小的效果恰恰相反，而起泡剂用量的变化只影响峰值压降。根据气泡行为，分析了不同条件对压降波动的影响。提高水速、增加起泡剂用量和粒度有助于减少压降波动，而提高气速则会产生相反的效果。当水速超过 1.2 升/分钟、泡沫剂用量超过 80 克/吨时，压降波动基本保持不变。最后，采用响应面方法分析了各变量之间的相互作用，并建立了相关系数数学模型来预测效果。

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引用次数: 0

Selective flotation separation of fluorite and barite with carboxylated chitosan as depressant 以羧基壳聚糖为抑制剂选择性浮选分离萤石和重晶石

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109089

Longxia Jiang , Bo Feng , Tao Wang , Ziming Wang

Fluorite and barite share similar physicochemical properties, making them challenging to separate efficiently using flotation. To address this problem, sodium oleate (NaOL) was used as a collector to study the separation effect of carboxylated chitosan (CCS) as a depressant for fluorite and barite. Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) test, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Zeta potential test, contact angle test and adsorption test were investigate the selective depression mechanism of CCS. The test results showed that CCS, acting as the depressant, effectively depressed fluorite and separated fluorite and barite. According to mechanistic analysis, CCS developed stable chemisorption by bonding the carboxyl group (–COOH) in its molecule and the calcium sites of fluorite. In contrast, CCS adsorption on barite was a hydrogen bonding interaction, making CCS easily fall off the barite surface. As a result, NaOL can be stably adsorbed on the barite surface, whereas CCS present on the fluorite surface consumes a high number of Ca sites and reduces Ca sites available for NaOL adsorption, resulting in distinct hydrophobicity and floatability differences between fluorite and barite. Consequently, barite and fluorite were successfully separated.

萤石和重晶石具有相似的物理化学特性，因此使用浮选法对它们进行有效分离具有挑战性。为解决这一问题，研究人员使用油酸钠（NaOL）作为捕收剂，研究了羧基化壳聚糖（CCS）作为抑制剂对萤石和重晶石的分离效果。通过红外光谱（FTIR）测试、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）、Zeta 电位测试、接触角测试和吸附测试研究了 CCS 的选择性抑制机理。试验结果表明，CCS 作为抑制剂能有效抑制萤石，并分离萤石和重晶石。根据机理分析，CCS 是通过其分子中的羧基（-COOH）与萤石的钙位点结合而形成稳定的化学吸附。相反，CCS 在重晶石上的吸附是一种氢键作用，使 CCS 很容易从重晶石表面脱落。因此，NaOL 可以稳定地吸附在重晶石表面，而存在于萤石表面的 CCS 则消耗了大量的 Ca 位点，减少了可用于吸附 NaOL 的 Ca 位点，从而导致萤石和重晶石之间存在明显的疏水性和可浮性差异。因此，重晶石和萤石被成功分离。

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引用次数: 0

Utilization of crown ether as selective collector for the flotation separation of pollucite from feldspar and quartz 利用冠醚作为选择性捕收剂，从长石和石英中浮选分离钾长石

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109085

Yiping Tan , Shuangke Li , Xiaoping Xu , Pan Chen , Zhiyong Gao , Wei Sun , Belinda McFadzean , Jian Cao

Quartz and feldspar are the primary impurities in the mineral processing of pollucite. Due to the highly similar surface properties of these three minerals in terms of physicochemical characteristics, achieving efficient flotation enrichment of pollucite has been a challenging problem. To address this issue, the development of flotation collectors with high selectivity towards pollucite is crucial. In this study, different-sized crown ethers acted as selective collectors for the direct flotation to detach pollucite from feldspar and quartz were investigated, leveraging the selective bonding of crown ethers to alkali metal active site on the surface of pollucite. The properties of 21-crown-7 ether (21C7), benzo-21-crown-7 (B21C7) and dibenzo-21-crown-7 (DB21C7) (with three different cavity sizes) were investigated as collectors for pollucite flotation. The experimental results indicated that DB21C7 exhibited the best collecting performance. The mechanism was studied through various experimental measurements and computational simulations, and the results revealed that the selective adsorption mechanism of crown ethers onto the surface of pollucite was achieved through a combination of chelation interaction involving “spatial effect” and hydrogen bonding interaction. This work has disclosed that crown ether compounds may hold significant potential as collectors for flotation of pollucite.

石英和长石是辉绿岩选矿过程中的主要杂质。由于这三种矿物在物理化学特征方面具有高度相似的表面特性，因此实现有效浮选富集辉绿岩一直是一个具有挑战性的问题。为解决这一问题，开发对钾长石具有高选择性的浮选捕收剂至关重要。在本研究中，利用冠醚与长石和石英表面碱金属活性位点的选择性结合，研究了不同大小的冠醚作为选择性捕收剂直接浮选长石和石英中的辉石。研究了 21-冠醚-7（21C7）、苯并-21-冠醚-7（B21C7）和二苯并-21-冠醚-7（DB21C7）（具有三种不同的空腔尺寸）作为捕收剂浮选辉石的特性。实验结果表明，DB21C7 的捕收性能最好。通过各种实验测量和计算模拟对其机理进行了研究，结果表明，冠醚在辉绿岩表面的选择性吸附机理是通过涉及 "空间效应 "的螯合作用和氢键作用相结合实现的。这项研究揭示了冠醚化合物作为浮选辉绿岩的捕收剂的巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Highly efficient recovery of gold by thermally modified pyrite and its mechanism 热改性黄铁矿高效回收金及其机理

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109075

Yuhong Fu , Can Wu , Qin Liu , Shanshan Li , Sen Li , Shuai Zhang , Quan Wan

Gold recovery from wastewater should be cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly. In this study, adsorbents containing Fe(II,III) systems were prepared via thermal modification of pyrite. The effects of thermal modification temperature, the source of pyrite, pH, ionic strength, adsorbent solid–liquid ratio, and coexisting metal ions on adsorption were investigated. Further, the removability of iron ions was explored, and multiple adsorption–desorption experiments were conducted to verify the stability and recyclability of the adsorbent. The adsorption law and mechanisms were analyzed using adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics, kinetics, and spectroscopy. The results revealed that the natural pyrite modified at 300°C ( N-Py-300) was a more suitable gold adsorbent with a maximum adsorption of 1055.2 mg/g at 25 °C. When coexisting with other metal ions, N-Py-300 exhibited highly selective adsorption of Au(III). Using a mixture of 10 % thiourea and 2 % HCl as a desorbent facilitated the desorption of almost all Au from N-Py-300, resulting in the recovery of Au and the reuse of N-Py-300. The Fe ions released from the adsorbent were effectively reduced by the addition of Ca(OH)₂. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm data were in strong agreement with the pseudo-secondary and Langmuir models, indicating that Au(III) was chemisorbed on N-Py-300 as a monolayer and that Au(III) was reduced to Au(0) and Au(Ⅰ). The pH and IS also affected the adsorption behavior, implying that an electrostatic effect exists. Our findings provide that the thermally modified pyrite can be used to recover precious metals from wastewater efficiently, and provides an experimental basis for the resourceful use of pyrite.

从废水中回收黄金应具有成本效益、高效率和环保性。本研究通过对黄铁矿进行热改性制备了含铁（II,III）体系的吸附剂。研究了热改性温度、黄铁矿来源、pH 值、离子强度、吸附剂固液比和共存金属离子对吸附的影响。此外，还探讨了铁离子的可去除性，并进行了多次吸附-解吸实验，以验证吸附剂的稳定性和可回收性。利用吸附等温线、热力学、动力学和光谱学分析了吸附规律和机理。结果表明，在 300°C 下改性的天然黄铁矿（N-Py-300）是一种更合适的金吸附剂，在 25°C 时的最大吸附量为 1055.2 mg/g。当与其他金属离子共存时，N-Py-300 对金（III）的吸附具有高度选择性。使用 10 % 硫脲和 2 % HCl 的混合物作为解吸剂，可促进 N-Py-300 中几乎所有金的解吸，从而回收金并重复使用 N-Py-300。加入 Ca(OH)2 可以有效减少从吸附剂中释放的铁离子。吸附动力学和等温线数据与伪二次模型和 Langmuir 模型十分吻合，表明 Au(III) 以单层形式化学吸附在 N-Py-300 上，并被还原成 Au(0) 和 Au(Ⅰ)。pH 值和 IS 也会影响吸附行为，这意味着存在静电效应。我们的研究结果表明，热修饰黄铁矿可用于从废水中有效回收贵金属，并为黄铁矿的资源化利用提供了实验基础。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing adsorptive performance of Cu-Al layered double hydroxides from aluminum saline slags: Insights from response surface methodology and molecular dynamic simulation 从含盐铝渣中提高铜铝层状双氢氧化物的吸附性能：响应面方法和分子动力学模拟的启示

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109067

A.I. Boulahbal , L. Santamaría , R. Bourzami , A.S. Bendrihem , M. Boutahala , S.A. Korili , A. Gil

This study aims to optimize the adsorption process of gallic acid (GA) on Cu-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) synthesized via a co-precipitation method at various pH levels. The procedure is based on the adsorption of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions, with evaluations carried out based on operational parameters such as pH, initial concentration, and adsorbent quantity. Two series of LDHs were compared: one using aluminum extracted from saline slags and the other using a commercial aluminum salt as source of aluminum. Saline slags, a by-product of aluminum recycling, are particularly hazardous due to their high toxicity and potential for environmental contamination. Extracting aluminum from these slags and using it in the synthesis of LDHs not only helps in eliminating a dangerous waste but also creates materials with beneficial environmental applications. The adsorption process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box-Behnken design (BBD) to assess the effects of key operational parameters. Besides gallic acid, other organic pollutants such as diclofenac and salicylic acid were also evaluated for removal from aqueous solution. The LDH /LDO were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ATR infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and nitrogen adsorption at −196 °C. The merit data indicate that the material synthesized at pH = 9 with extracted aluminum exhibits superior adsorption capacity for gallic acid, demonstrating the highest removal rate, nearly reaching 100 %, and achieving equilibrium more quickly than other samples. This superior adsorption performance is also notable for salicylic acid and diclofenac. After four regeneration cycles, the adsorption rate of the adsorbent remains stable, indicating that CCA9 maintains a consistent and efficient adsorption performance. This highlights the robustness of the material and its high reusability in prolonged adsorption applications. Molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) revealed that the adsorption process occurs spontaneously, driven by weak interactions: van der Waals, intermolecular, hydrogen bonding, π-interactions and short contacts.

本研究旨在优化通过共沉淀法合成的铜铝层状双氢氧化物（LDHs）在不同 pH 值条件下对没食子酸（GA）的吸附过程。该过程以吸附水溶液中的有机污染物为基础，根据 pH 值、初始浓度和吸附剂数量等操作参数进行评估。对两个系列的 LDH 进行了比较：一个使用从盐水渣中提取的铝，另一个使用商业铝盐作为铝源。盐渣是铝回收的副产品，因其毒性高和潜在的环境污染而特别危险。从这些铝渣中提取铝并将其用于 LDHs 的合成，不仅有助于消除危险废物，还能创造出有益于环境的材料。我们采用响应面方法（RSM）和方框-贝肯设计（BBD）对吸附过程进行了优化，以评估关键操作参数的影响。除没食子酸外，还评估了从水溶液中去除双氯芬酸和水杨酸等其他有机污染物的情况。通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、ATR 红外光谱 (ATR-IR)、扫描和透射电子显微镜 (SEM/TEM)、热重分析 (TGA) 和 -196 °C 下的氮吸附对 LDH /LDO 进行了表征。优越性数据表明，在 pH = 9 条件下用提取的铝合成的材料对没食子酸具有卓越的吸附能力，显示出最高的去除率，几乎达到 100%，并且比其他样品更快达到平衡。对于水杨酸和双氯芬酸，这种优异的吸附性能也很显著。经过四个再生周期后，吸附剂的吸附率保持稳定，这表明 CCA9 能保持稳定高效的吸附性能。这凸显了该材料的坚固性及其在长期吸附应用中的高重复利用率。分子动力学模拟（MDS）显示，吸附过程是自发发生的，由弱相互作用驱动：范德华、分子间、氢键、π-相互作用和短接触。

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引用次数: 0

Recent technology developments in beneficiation and enrichment of ilmenite: A review 钛铁矿选矿和富集的最新技术发展：综述

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109084

Hanyu Wang, Xinyu Zhang, Rui Qu, Linghui Zhang, Wenbo Li

The supply of the strategic metal titanium is of great significance in ensuring the sustainable development of the national economy and national defense. As an irreplaceable raw material in the titanium industry, ilmenite has become increasingly prominent in its commercial demand and strategic position. With high-quality ilmenite resources continuing to be developed, these resources are typically characterized by low grade, fine embedded particle sizes, and high impurity content. The development of efficient beneficiation and enrichment processes for ilmenite has garnered widespread attention. This paper provides an extensive investigation of the latest research developments, with a comprehensive overview of ilmenite’s distribution and characteristics being offered. The effectiveness and constraints of various separation technologies, including gravity separation, magnetic separation, electrostatic separation, and flotation are systematically evaluated. Additionally, a special emphasis is placed on enhancing flotation technology through the introduction of innovative flotation collectors, surface modification techniques, and the development of new flotation technologies. Furthermore, the current status of ilmenite concentrate enrichment and the removal of impurities for the preparation of titanium-rich materials are outlined. This review aims to deepen the understanding of ilmenite beneficiation and concentrate enrichment technology, and further promote the technological innovation of ilmenite resource efficient utilization.

战略金属钛的供应对于确保国民经济和国防的可持续发展具有重要意义。钛铁矿作为钛工业不可替代的原材料，其商业需求和战略地位日益突出。随着优质钛铁矿资源的不断开发，这些资源通常具有品位低、嵌布粒度细、杂质含量高等特点。开发高效的钛铁矿选矿和富集工艺已引起广泛关注。本文对最新研究进展进行了广泛调查，并对钛铁矿的分布和特征进行了全面概述。系统评估了各种分离技术（包括重力分离、磁力分离、静电分离和浮选）的有效性和制约因素。此外，还特别强调了通过引入创新的浮选捕收剂、表面改性技术和开发新的浮选技术来提高浮选技术。此外，还概述了钛铁矿精矿富集和去除杂质以制备富钛材料的现状。本综述旨在加深对钛铁矿选矿和精矿富集技术的理解，进一步推动钛铁矿资源高效利用的技术创新。

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引用次数: 0

Energy release and disaster-causing mechanism of ore-pillar combination 矿柱组合的能量释放和致灾机理

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109082

Yu Tang , Weibing Zhu , Jianlin Xie , Tianyu Li , Bozhi Zhao , Chunlei Guo

Coal and other mineral resources are also commonly found in bauxite mining. The process of bauxite mining is usually affected by retained ore pillars in other strata, which leads to the formation of combinations composed of different strata. Once these combinations become unstable, they can cause serious disasters that threaten production safety. Aiming at the safe mining of co-associated resources in the overlying coal seams of bauxite mines, in this paper, the strength, fracture development, and energy evolution of the coal-rock-aluminum (C-R-A) combination under varying thickness proportions of coal, rock, and aluminum were studied by means of particle flow code (PFC) numerical simulation, SPSS statistical analysis, and other methods. The results indicate that the strength of the combination is significantly negatively correlated with the thickness of the soft coal seam and remarkably positively correlated with the thickness of the hard aluminum layer. Under the same stress conditions, fractures in the combination mainly occur in the coal seam. As the thickness proportion of the coal seam in the overall structure increases, the number of fractures there grows correspondingly. Under a larger thickness proportion of the rock stratum, the combination releases its elastic energy faster after instability, and the fractures develop more intensely. As the thickness proportion of the rock stratum decreases, the elastic energy index (

W_{ET}

) in the C-R-A combination rises, and the burst proneness strengthens. Areas where the thickness proportions of coal, rock, and aluminum lie in the ranges of 30%–60%, 10%–20%, and 30%–60% respectively are considered high-risk zones, and rock burst accidents are most likely to occur when the thickness ratio of coal, rock, and aluminum is 4: 1: 5. These research findings can provide guidance for the safe mining of similar coal and aluminum associated resources.

在铝土矿开采中还经常发现煤炭和其他矿产资源。在铝土矿开采过程中，通常会受到其他地层中保留矿柱的影响，从而形成由不同地层组成的组合体。这些组合一旦不稳定，就会造成严重灾害，威胁生产安全。针对铝土矿上覆煤层共伴生资源的安全开采，本文通过粒子流代码（PFC）数值模拟、SPSS统计分析等方法，研究了煤、岩、铝（C-R-A）组合在不同厚度比例下的强度、断裂发育和能量演化情况。结果表明，该组合的强度与软煤层的厚度呈显著负相关，而与硬铝层的厚度呈明显正相关。在相同应力条件下，组合的断裂主要发生在煤层中。随着煤层厚度在整体结构中所占比例的增加，其断裂数量也相应增加。在岩层厚度比例较大的情况下，组合体失稳后释放弹性能量的速度较快，裂缝发育也较密集。随着岩层厚度比例的减小，C-R-A 组合的弹性能量指数（WET）上升，爆裂性增强。煤、岩、铝的厚度比例分别在 30%-60%、10%-20%、30%-60% 之间的区域为高风险区，当煤、岩、铝的厚度比例为 4：1：5 时最易发生岩爆事故。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings/quartz sand monolithic composite and photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿/石英砂整体复合材料的制备及罗丹明 B 的光催化降解

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109083

Yawen Liu , Chengxu Liao , Lin Liu , Xiaping Zhu , Zhihui Chen , Dongxue Ren , Tianfeng Yang , Yonghua Sun

This study focused on the preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of a monolithic composite made from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings and quartz sand. Rhodamine B was used as a pollutant model and the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B by the prepared composites was investigated. The results indicated that the composite could effectively degraded Rhodamine B, achieving a degradation rate of 98 % within 20 min under optimal conditions. Investigations on the degradation mechanism revealed that dissolved oxygen, superoxide radicals, and the sensitization of Rhodamine B are crucial to the photocatalytic degradation process of Rhodamine B. These results suggest potential benefits for the comprehensive utilization of vanadium titanomagnetite tailings.

本研究的重点是钒钛磁铁矿尾矿和石英砂整体复合材料的制备、表征和光催化性能。以罗丹明 B 为污染物模型，研究了所制备的复合材料对罗丹明 B 的光催化降解。结果表明，复合材料能有效降解罗丹明 B，在最佳条件下，20 分钟内降解率达到 98%。对降解机理的研究表明，溶解氧、超氧自由基和罗丹明 B 的敏化是罗丹明 B 光催化降解过程的关键。

引用次数: 0

Forms of rare earth loss and the function mechanism of acetic acid in the aluminum removal process of rare earth leaching liquor 稀土浸出液除铝过程中的稀土流失形式及醋酸的作用机理

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109081

Chen Xin , Chen Jin-fa , Xiao Xin-lei , Fan Lin , Xiao Yan-fei , Huang Li

The leaching liquor extracted from ion-adsorption type rare earth (RE) ores contains large amounts of aluminum (Al) ions. The neutralization-precipitation method for Al removal results in the loss of large amounts of RE, leading to the waste of RE resources. Preliminary research has shown that the introduction of acetic acid (HAc) during the Al removal process could effectively reduce RE loss. However, there has been no in-depth study on the forms of RE loss during the Al removal process with the neutralization-precipitation method and the function mechanism of HAc. In this paper, the yttrium element was used as a representation of RE for relevant research. It was found that the forms of RE loss mainly include adsorption loss and coprecipitation loss, and the addition of HAc can simultaneously reduce both types of loss. The addition of HAc can generate Y(Ac)²⁺ and Y(Ac)₂⁺ complexes with Y³⁺, leading to an increase in the initial precipitation pH of yttrium hydroxide from 6.62 to 6.87, thereby reducing the coprecipitation loss of RE. Additionally, HAc was adsorbed on the aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃), which increased the surface potential and decreased the specific surface area of Al(OH)₃, thus reducing the adsorption loss of RE. Finally, through precipitation experiments on a mixed solution of aluminum sulfate and yttrium sulfate, it was found that when the neutralization pH was 5.2, the percentage of yttrium lost decreased from 18.91 % to 12.66 % as the concentration of HAc was increased from 0 to 0.012 mol/L. The above function mechanism of HAc was further verified through XPS, SEM-EDS, and other tests on the precipitate.

从离子吸附型稀土（RE）矿石中提取的浸出液含有大量的铝（Al）离子。中和沉淀法脱铝会导致大量稀土流失，造成稀土资源的浪费。初步研究表明，在脱铝过程中引入醋酸（HAc）可有效减少可再生能源的损失。然而，对于中和沉淀法脱铝过程中 RE 的损耗形式以及 HAc 的作用机理还没有深入的研究。本文以钇元素作为 RE 的代表进行了相关研究。研究发现，RE 的损耗形式主要包括吸附损耗和共沉淀损耗，而添加 HAc 可同时减少这两种损耗。HAc的加入可生成Y(Ac)2+和Y(Ac)2+与Y3+的络合物，导致氢氧化钇的初始沉淀pH值从6.62升高到6.87，从而减少了RE的共沉淀损失。此外，HAc 被吸附在氢氧化铝（Al(OH)3）上，使氢氧化铝（Al(OH)3）的表面电位升高，比表面积降低，从而减少了 RE 的吸附损失。最后，通过对硫酸铝和硫酸钇的混合溶液进行沉淀实验发现，当中和 pH 值为 5.2 时，随着 HAc 浓度从 0 摩尔/升增加到 0.012 摩尔/升，钇的损失百分比从 18.91% 降低到 12.66%。通过对沉淀物进行 XPS、SEM-EDS 等测试，进一步验证了 HAc 的上述作用机理。

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