Minerals Engineering最新文献_第6页

Effect of chain length on the flotation performance of aniline-based compounds in the flotation of copper sulfide ores 链条长度对硫化铜矿浮选中苯胺类化合物浮选性能的影响

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110109

Jia Zhao , Labone L. Godirilwe , Kazutoshi Haga , Manabu Yamada , Kosuke Makiguchi , Seunggwan Hong , Atsushi Shibayama

Six aniline-based compounds with different alkyl chain lengths ranging from 4 to 14 were synthesized from 2-aminobenzenethiol and 1-bromoalkane. The aniline-based compounds were used as collectors for the investigation of the flotation effect on copper sulfide ores. Chalcopyrite flotation showed that copper recovery tended to increase and then decrease with increasing alkyl chain length (C4 → C14). The highest copper recovery was achieved using 2-(dodecylthio)aniline (2-DDA) with a chain length of 12 at pH 9 and a concentration of 8 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L, which was higher than that of the conventional collector PAX. The flotation results of actual low-grade copper sulfide ores showed the same trend of alkyl chain length and copper recovery of aniline-based compounds as the flotation of chalcopyrite samples. And the flotation performance of aniline-based compounds, especially those with longer chains, was generally better than that of PAX. Surface tension tests showed that the surface tension of aniline-based compounds decreased with increasing alkyl chain length, but the reduction in surface tension gradually decreased. An appropriate increase in alkyl chain length is favorable to the enhancement of the collector’s floatability. The adsorption experiments showed that the maximum adsorption rate of aniline-based compounds on the surface of chalcopyrite could reach 99.7% from 2-DDA, and the order of adsorption capacity was consistent with the flotation results. According to the FT-IR spectroscopy analysis and coordination chemistry theory, it was speculated that the aniline-based compounds might form a five-membered ring with copper on chalcopyrite through the coordination of the amino and thiol groups. The hydrophobic association of the long-chain alkyl groups further enhanced the floatability of aniline-based compounds on the mineral surface.

以2-氨基苯乙醇和1-溴烷烃为原料，合成了6个烷基链长度在4 ~ 14之间的苯胺基化合物。以苯胺类化合物为捕收剂，对硫化铜矿石的浮选效果进行了研究。黄铜矿浮选过程中，随着烷基链长度的增加，铜的回收率呈现先增加后降低的趋势（C4→C14）。在pH为9、浓度为8 × 10−4 mol/L时，链长为12的2-（十二基硫）苯胺（2- dda）的铜回收率最高，高于常规捕收剂PAX。实际低品位硫化铜矿石的浮选结果显示，苯胺类化合物的烷基链长和铜回收率的变化趋势与黄铜矿浮选样品相同。苯胺类化合物的浮选性能普遍优于PAX，特别是链条较长的化合物。表面张力测试表明，苯胺类化合物的表面张力随烷基链长度的增加而降低，但表面张力的降低幅度逐渐减小。适当增加烷基链长有利于捕收剂可浮性的提高。吸附实验表明，2-DDA对黄铜矿表面苯胺类化合物的最大吸附率可达99.7%，吸附量的大小顺序与浮选结果一致。根据FT-IR光谱分析和配位化学理论，推测苯胺类化合物可能通过氨基和巯基的配位在黄铜矿上与铜形成五元环。长链烷基的疏水缔合进一步增强了苯胺类化合物在矿物表面的可浮性。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of high-vibration elastic screen surface structure on motion characteristics and screening performance 高振动弹性筛网表面结构对运动特性和筛分性能的影响

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110107

Yuhan Liu , Kaikai Chen , Ran Yang , Shijie Yu , Fengliang Liu , Mingzhen Lu , Haishen Jiang , Miao Pan

Due to the increasing proportion of low-grade fine-grained ores, there is an urgent need to improve the performance of vibrating screens. To this end, this study investigates how different high-vibratory elastic screen surface structures affect mineral screening motion and classification performance. Eight different screen surface structures with varying reinforcement arrangements are designed. Their effects on screen surface motion are analyzed through vibration tests, and the motion behavior of the materials is analyzed using high-speed imaging. Finally, the screening efficiency is evaluated via screening tests. The results show that adjusting the position and fixation of the reinforcement significantly affects both the screen surface acceleration distribution and material dispersion and stratification. The best screening efficiency of 92.47% was achieved.

由于低品位细粒矿占比越来越大，迫切需要提高振动筛的性能。为此，本研究探讨了不同高振动弹性筛网表面结构对矿物筛分运动和分级性能的影响。设计了8种不同的筛网表面结构和不同的钢筋布置。通过振动试验分析了它们对筛面运动的影响，并利用高速成像技术分析了材料的运动行为。最后，通过筛选试验对筛选效果进行评价。结果表明，调整加固位置和固定方式对筛面加速度分布和物料分散分层均有显著影响。最佳筛选效率为92.47%。

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into enhanced reverse flotation separation of ilmenite and tremolite using polycarboxylate ether as a dispersant 聚羧酸醚作为分散剂增强钛铁矿和透闪石反浮选分离的机理研究

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110078

Jizong Wu , Baoyu Cui , Yunhai Zhang

This study explores the reverse flotation separation of ilmenite from −23 µm tremolite using polycarboxylate ether (PCE) as a dispersant, corn starch (CS) as an depressant, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a collector under alkaline conditions (pH = 10.0 ± 0.2). The flotation performance was investigated through single-mineral and mixed ore tests, with the impact of pH and reagent concentration assessed. DLVO theory was applied to analyze the interaction energy between ilmenite and tremolite. FTIR and XPS results revealed that PCE adsorbs onto Fe and Ti sites of ilmenite, promoting CS adsorption while reducing CTAB adsorption on ilmenite surfaces. ToF-SIMS analysis provided further insight into the interactions of the reagents at the mineral surface. The results demonstrate that the combination of PCE, CS, and CTAB significantly enhances the separation efficiency of ilmenite from tremolite, achieving a TiO₂ grade of 47.54 % and a recovery of 81.66 %. This work offers valuable insights into the role of dispersants and depressants in reverse flotation, providing a promising approach for ilmenite beneficiation.

在碱性条件下（pH = 10.0±0.2），以聚羧酸酯醚（PCE）为分散剂，玉米淀粉（CS）为抑制剂，十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）为捕收剂，研究了钛铁矿与- 23µm透闪石的反浮选分离。通过单矿物和混合矿物试验考察了浮选性能，考察了pH和药剂浓度对浮选效果的影响。应用DLVO理论分析了钛铁矿与透闪石的相互作用能。FTIR和XPS结果表明，PCE吸附在钛铁矿表面的Fe和Ti位点上，促进CS吸附，减少CTAB在钛铁矿表面的吸附。ToF-SIMS分析提供了进一步了解试剂在矿物表面的相互作用。结果表明，PCE、CS和CTAB联合使用可显著提高钛铁矿与透闪石的分离效率，TiO2品位达47.54%，回收率达81.66%。这项工作为分散剂和抑制剂在反浮选中的作用提供了有价值的见解，为钛铁矿选矿提供了一条有前途的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Co-direct reduction and electric smelting of preoxidized low-grade nickel laterite ore pellets for ferronickel production 预氧化低品位红土镍矿球团共直接还原电熔炼生产镍铁

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110072

Yunqing Liu, Xun Wang, Bo Li, Yonggang Wei, Hua Wang

Nickel laterite ores is an important source of nickel resources, but the traditional process to deal with low-grade Si-Mg-type laterite nickel ore has the problems of low efficiency and large pollution. In this study, a novel process for preparing nickel–iron alloy by pre-reduction with CO after pelletizing and roasting of raw ore, and finally melting and separating in an electric furnace was proposed. Thermodynamic analysis clarified the main reactions at different temperature stages and provided a theoretical basis for the selection of experimental parameters. During the roasting process, nickel–iron oxides were released from the serpentine matrix and regionally enriched, and the molten liquid phase condensation strengthened the pellet structure, which laid a foundation for the subsequent reduction. After pre-reduction, the metallization rate of nickel was 95.37%, while that of iron was 56.82%. Nickel exists in micron-sized alloy particles, and unreduced iron exists in FeO and FeAl₂O₄. Under the optimum melting conditions, the iron grade of the alloy is 88.36%, the nickel grade is 8.73%, the nickel recovery rate is 99.64%, and the iron recovery rate is 94.63%. The loss of iron mainly comes from the slag skin of the melting material and the graphite crucible. The process significantly reduces the amount of traditional carbon-based reducing agents and additives, which not only avoids the adverse effects of excessive additives on the service life of the equipment, but also makes the production of ferronickel resources more efficient. When the process is coupled with a sustainable CO source, it can make the production of pyrometallurgical ferronickel cleaner.

红土镍矿是镍资源的重要来源，但传统的低品位硅镁型红土镍矿处理工艺存在效率低、污染大的问题。本研究提出了一种原矿经球团、焙烧、电炉熔炼分离后用CO预还原法制备镍铁合金的新工艺。热力学分析明确了不同温度阶段的主要反应，为实验参数的选择提供了理论依据。在焙烧过程中，镍铁氧化物从蛇纹石基体中释放出来并局部富集，熔融液相冷凝强化了球团结构，为后续的还原奠定了基础。预还原后镍的金属化率为95.37%，铁的金属化率为56.82%。镍存在于微米级合金颗粒中，未还原铁存在于FeO和FeAl2O4中。在最佳熔炼条件下，合金铁品位为88.36%，镍品位为8.73%，镍回收率为99.64%，铁回收率为94.63%。铁的损失主要来自熔料的渣皮和石墨坩埚。该工艺显著减少了传统碳基还原剂和添加剂的用量，不仅避免了过量添加剂对设备使用寿命的不利影响，而且使镍铁资源的生产更加高效。当该工艺与可持续CO源相结合时，可使火法镍铁生产更清洁。

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引用次数: 0

Few-Shot ball mill load recognition based on multimodal feature mode decomposition and improved MAML 基于多模态特征模态分解和改进MAML的小粒球磨机负荷识别

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.110048

Lirong Yang , Hui Yang , Xiaolong Zhu

Ball mill load identification under complex working conditions faces challenges such as limited sample sizes, severe mode aliasing in signal decomposition, weak feature extraction, and poor generalisation. To address these issues, this study proposes a few-shot ball mill load recognition method based on multimodal Symmetric Dot Pattern (SDP) images and improved Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML). First, the Feature Mode Decomposition (FMD) algorithm is employed to analyse vibration signals, and a Newton-Raphson Bat Optimisation (NRBO) strategy is introduced to adaptively optimise its stopping criterion, improving both accuracy and physical interpretability. Then, multiple intrinsic modal functions (IMFs) are transformed into two-dimensional images using the SDP method and fused to form multimodal load representations. A lightweight convolutional neural network with embedded SimAM attention (SimAM-CNN) is constructed for discriminative feature extraction and integrated into the MAML framework to achieve rapid adaptation under few-shot conditions. Under 6-way 7-shot training and 6-way 5-shot validation settings for nine ball mill load categories, the proposed SimAM-CNN-MAML model achieves 97.55 % accuracy, a 93.43 % F1-score, and 99.60 % AUC using multimodal SDP features. It outperforms all compared methods: CNN (77.48 %), CNN + Transformers (69.37 %), MAML-CNN (86.4 %), Prototypical Networks (90.74 %), and Reptile Networks (67.48 %). Robustness analysis shows strong noise immunity: performance remains highly stable under noise levels up to 0.10, with only slight degradation at 0.20 noise, confirming suitability for practical industrial vibration environments. These results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed SimAM-CNN-MAML approach, providing a practical and scalable solution for intelligent condition monitoring in mining equipment.

复杂工况下的球磨机负荷识别面临着样本量有限、信号分解中存在严重的模态混叠、特征提取能力弱、泛化能力差等挑战。为了解决这些问题，本研究提出了一种基于多模态对称点模式（SDP）图像和改进的模型不可知元学习（MAML）的少量球磨机负荷识别方法。首先，采用特征模态分解（FMD）算法对振动信号进行分析，并引入牛顿-拉弗森蝙蝠优化（NRBO）策略自适应优化其停止准则，提高了精度和物理可解释性。然后，使用SDP方法将多个内模态函数（IMFs）转换成二维图像并融合形成多模态载荷表示；构建了一种具有嵌入式SimAM关注的轻量级卷积神经网络（SimAM- cnn），用于判别特征提取，并将其集成到MAML框架中，实现了少镜头条件下的快速自适应。在6路7弹训练和6路5弹验证设置下，使用多模态SDP特征，所提出的SimAM-CNN-MAML模型的准确率为97.55%，f1得分为93.43%，AUC为99.60%。它优于所有比较方法：CNN (77.48%), CNN + Transformers (69.37%), mml -CNN (86.4%), Prototypical Networks（90.74%）和Reptile Networks（67.48%）。鲁棒性分析显示强抗噪性：在噪声水平高达0.10时，性能保持高度稳定，在噪声水平为0.20时仅略有下降，证实适用于实际工业振动环境。这些结果证实了所提出的SimAM-CNN-MAML方法的有效性和鲁棒性，为矿山设备的智能状态监测提供了一种实用且可扩展的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

A review of particle separation technologies for lunar in-situ resource utilization 月球原位资源利用中的颗粒分离技术综述

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110099

Ruoxi Zhao, Haifeng Wang, Chenlong Duan, Liang Dong, Juan Hao, Chenmin Liu

Particle separation technology plays a pivotal role in resource extraction and processing, particularly for lunar in-situ resource utilization. This paper comprehensively reviews recent advances in particle separation methods suitable for the lunar environment, with special emphasis on screening, magnetic separation, and electrostatic separation techniques for regolith processing. Research demonstrates that dry separation technologies have emerged as the preferred approach for lunar regolith beneficiation due to their low energy consumption, lightweight equipment requirements, and water-free operation − critical advantages in the Moon’s unique reduced-gravity, high-vacuum, and extreme temperature conditions. Through comparative analysis of existing technologies, this study examines the feasibility of integrated separation systems and identifies future development directions focusing on technological optimization and multi-process integration. The continuous improvement of separation efficiency and the development of hybrid solutions will provide essential resource support for lunar base construction and deep space exploration missions, while also advancing space resource utilization technologies. Notably, the innovations derived from lunar applications may offer valuable insights for particle separation in terrestrial extreme environments.

颗粒分离技术在资源提取和加工，特别是月球原位资源利用中起着至关重要的作用。本文综述了适用于月球环境的颗粒分离方法的最新进展，重点介绍了筛选、磁分离和静电分离技术在风化层处理中的应用。研究表明，干式分离技术已成为月球风化层选矿的首选方法，因为它能耗低、设备要求轻、无水操作——在月球独特的低重力、高真空和极端温度条件下具有关键优势。本研究通过对现有技术的比较分析，考察了集成分离系统的可行性，并确定了以工艺优化和多流程集成为重点的未来发展方向。分离效率的不断提高和混合解决方案的发展，将为月球基地建设和深空探测任务提供必要的资源支撑，同时也将推动空间资源利用技术的发展。值得注意的是，来自月球应用的创新可能为地球极端环境下的粒子分离提供有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation and characterization of a novel multi-component dust suppressant suitable for dust control in tailings pond 一种适用于尾矿库粉尘治理的新型多组分抑尘剂的制备与表征

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110080

Xiaochuan Xu , Chao Li , Yajun Dong , Xiaowei Gu , Yunqi Zhao , Zhiyuan Wu , Yuxiang Zhong , Depei Lu

Dust emissions from tailings ponds threaten worker health and nearby ecosystems. A multi-component dust suppressant (MCDS) composed of glycerol (GLY), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), and polyacrylamide (PAM) was optimized by response-surface methodology with viscosity and surface tension as dual objectives. The optimal ratio of MCDS is 23.62 % GLY, 2.28 % CMC-Na, and 0.3 % PAM, it exhibited a viscosity of 38.1 mPa·s and a surface tension of 58.1 mN/m, the penetration depth of dust reaches 11 cm in 130 min, produced a 6° contact angle on iron tailings, retained water for 5 h at 45 °C, and achieved 96.5 % dust-suppression efficiency at a wind speed of 15 m/s. These indicators indicate that MCDS exhibits satisfactory wettability, permeability, evaporation resistance, and wind erosion resistance under the tested laboratory surrogate conditions, including 45 °C and a maximum wind speed of 15 m/s. Multiscale characterization (FT-IR, SEM, TG–DSC–DTG) combined with molecular dynamics (MD) elucidated the mechanism: MD resolved an 21.8 Å adsorbed interfacial layer, a pronounced reduction of the interfacial water diffusion coefficient to 0.1265, and enhanced interfacial binding energy, supporting a synergy of hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, and polymer-network formation that stabilizes the surface crust and retains moisture.

尾矿池排放的粉尘威胁着工人的健康和附近的生态系统。以黏度和表面张力为双目标，采用响应面法对由甘油（GLY）、羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）组成的多组分抑尘剂（MCDS）进行了优化。MCDS的最佳配比为23.62% GLY、2.28% CMC-Na和0.3% PAM，其黏度为38.1 mPa·s，表面张力为58.1 mN/m，在130 min内粉尘穿透深度达到11 cm，与铁尾矿形成6°接触角，在45℃条件下保持水分5 h，在15 m/s风速下的抑尘效率为96.5%。这些指标表明，在45℃、最大风速为15 m/s的实验室替代条件下，MCDS具有令人满意的润湿性、透气性、抗蒸发性和抗风蚀性。多尺度表征（FT-IR， SEM, TG-DSC-DTG）结合分子动力学（MD）阐明了机理：MD分解了21.8 Å吸附界面层，界面水扩散系数显著降低至0.1265，界面结合能增强，支持氢键、静电吸引和聚合物网络形成的协同作用，稳定了表面结壳并保持了水分。

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引用次数: 0

Crystallization regulation for al and Fe impurity migration and removal from waste quartz crucible with combined process of High-Temperature Roasting-Acid leaching 高温焙烧-酸浸联合工艺对废石英坩埚中铝、铁杂质迁移去除的结晶调控

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110104

Suoque Wu , Shifeng Han , Xiaohan Wan , Ning Tan , Shicong Yang , Kuixian Wei , Wenhui Ma

The rapid expansion of the PV sector makes the recycling of WQC (Waste Quartz Crucible) imperative for sustainable resource management within the industry. This study proposes a combined process of high-temperature roasting and acid leaching for the removal of metallic impurities from waste quartz crucibles, and the effects of roasting temperature, holding time on the transformation of amorphous SiO₂, and the removal of impurity during the acid leaching have been systematically investigated. The results showed that the increase of roasting temperature and the prolongation of holding time significantly promoted the crystallization of α-cristobalite, and crystallinity reached 22.55 % at 1573 K holding time of 4 h, and the activation energy was 464.21 kJ·mol⁻¹. During the acid leaching, the α-cristobalite was completely dissolved by a 3.5 M HF and 6 M HCl mixture, effectively removing Al and Fe impurities with efficiencies of 93.64 % and 92.59 %, respectively. Microscopic characterization reveals that the high-temperature roasting-induced particle fusion reconfiguration and the acid leaching-etched porous structure synergistically enhanced the impurity exposure. This work establishes that the synergistic roasting-acid leaching purification process is effective for WQC impurity removal, not only mitigates ecological damage and energy consumption associated with raw quartz mining but also represents a sustainable alternative with long-term environmental benefits.

光伏行业的快速发展使得WQC（废石英坩埚）的回收成为行业内可持续资源管理的必要条件。本研究提出了一种高温焙烧与酸浸联合去除废石英坩埚中金属杂质的工艺，并系统研究了焙烧温度、保温时间对酸浸过程中无定形SiO2转化及杂质去除的影响。结果表明：焙烧温度的升高和保温时间的延长显著促进了α-方石石的结晶，在1573 K保温4 h时结晶度达到22.55%，活化能为464.21 kJ·mol−1；在酸浸过程中，α-方石英被3.5 M HF和6 M HCl的混合物完全溶解，Al和Fe杂质的去除率分别为93.64%和92.59%。微观表征表明，高温焙烧诱导的颗粒融合重构和酸浸蚀刻多孔结构协同增强了杂质暴露。本研究表明，协同焙烧-酸浸净化工艺对WQC杂质去除是有效的，不仅减轻了与原石英开采相关的生态破坏和能源消耗，而且代表了一种具有长期环境效益的可持续替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing gravity separation of low-grade ilmenites by surface flash passivation against ultrafine aluminosilicate coating 超细硅酸铝涂层表面闪蒸钝化提高低品位钛铁矿重选效果

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110090

M. Tang, J. Luo

Iron ore tailings often contain valuable titanium minerals, yet recovering finely liberated ilmenite remains a challenge for gravity separation. This study aims to identify the factors hindering the beneficiation of a low-grade ilmenite ore with alumina-silicate gangues using Vibrated Cone Separation (VCS) as an EGS technique and explores potential mitigation strategies. A series of gravity separation tests, coupled with scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) observations, were conducted to determine the factors influencing the selective separation of ilmenite particles. The results show that ultrafine aluminosilicates strongly adhere to the surfaces of free ilmenite particles, diluting the TiO₂ concentrate grade. Attritioning this material by high-speed agitation was not effective in removing the coating of the ultrafine gangues. However, flash surface passivation by adding oxalic acid directly into the grinding process significantly decreased these non-selective particle aggregates, resulting in cleaner surfaces and a 6% increase in TiO₂ content.

铁矿尾矿中通常含有有价值的钛矿物，但回收精细的游离钛铁矿仍然是重选的挑战。本研究旨在确定影响某低品位钛铁矿铝硅酸盐脉石选矿的因素，并探讨振动锥分离（VCS）作为EGS技术的潜在缓解策略。通过一系列重力分离实验，结合扫描电子显微镜和能量色散x射线能谱（SEM-EDS）观察，确定了钛铁矿颗粒选择性分离的影响因素。结果表明：超细硅铝酸盐与游离钛铁矿颗粒表面有很强的黏附作用，稀释了TiO2精矿的品位；高速搅拌对该材料的磨损不能有效去除超细脉石的涂层。然而，通过在研磨过程中直接添加草酸进行表面钝化，可以显著减少这些非选择性颗粒聚集体，使表面更清洁，TiO2含量增加6%。

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引用次数: 0

Adsorption mechanisms and weathered surface effects in the neutral flotation separation of feldspar from quartz using a mixed anionic/cationic system 阴离子/阳离子混合体系中长石与石英中性浮选分离的吸附机理及风化面效应

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2026.110081

Yuhao He , Yuhan Song , Xiaohui Li , Ge Zhu , Lu Xiang , Zijie Ren

The flotation separation of quartz and feldspar under neutral conditions present a significant challenge in mineral processing. This study systematically investigates a novel mixed anionic/cationic collector system for this separation, optimizing key parameters including collector types [sodium petroleum sulfonate (SPS) with varying active matter content; dodecylamine (DDA), octadecylamine (ODA), cocoalkylamine (CCA)], ratio (2:1 anionic-to-cationic), dosage (300 g/t), and the dosage of the depressant sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP). This optimal reagent scheme yields a high Al₂O₃ recovery of 81.10 % in the froth product of the mixed pure minerals, and the Al₂O₃ recovery in the actual minerals were 77.45 % and 70.68 % respectively. Key findings indicate that a high-active-matter SPS combined with DDA yielded optimal performance. Mechanistic studies via FTIR and zeta potential analysis revealed distinct adsorption mechanisms: a weak, physically adsorbed layer on quartz that was readily desorbed by Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), versus a stable, multi-mechanism complex (involving physical adsorption, hydrogen bonding, and chemisorption) on feldspar. Furthermore, SHMP hydrolysis species (H₂PO₄−/HPO₄²−) under neutral conditions compete with SPS on mineral surfaces, selectively depressing quartz at low dosages. Notably, the flotation behavior was profoundly influenced by the degree of feldspar weathering, as confirmed by SEM-EDS and XPS. Highly weathered feldspar exhibits a unique and inverse flotation behavior, characterized by the enrichment of Al₂O₃ in the sink product rather than the froth product. This work provides a practical and environmentally friendly strategy for quartz-feldspar separation and offers deep insights into the surface chemistry involved.

石英和长石在中性条件下的浮选分离是选矿中的一个重大挑战。本研究系统地研究了一种用于该分离的新型阴离子/阳离子混合捕收剂体系，优化了关键参数，包括捕收剂类型[石油磺酸钠（SPS）]和不同活性物质含量；十二烷基胺（DDA）、十八烷基胺（ODA）、可可烷基胺（CCA）]、阴阳比（2:1）、用量（300 g/t）和抑制剂六偏磷酸钠（SHMP）的用量。该最佳药剂方案可使混合纯矿物泡沫产物中Al2O3的回收率达到81.10%，实际矿物中Al2O3的回收率分别达到77.45%和70.68%。关键研究结果表明，高活性物质SPS与DDA结合可获得最佳性能。通过FTIR和zeta电位分析的机理研究揭示了不同的吸附机制：石英上的弱物理吸附层很容易被六偏磷酸钠（SHMP）解吸，而长石上的稳定多机制复合物（包括物理吸附、氢键和化学吸附）。此外，在中性条件下，SHMP水解物质（H2PO4−/HPO42−）与矿物表面的SPS竞争，在低剂量下选择性地抑制石英。SEM-EDS和XPS结果表明，长石风化程度对浮选行为影响较大。高风化长石表现出独特的反浮选行为，其特征是Al2O3在沉产物中富集，而不是在泡沫产物中富集。这项工作为石英-长石分离提供了一种实用且环保的策略，并对所涉及的表面化学提供了深刻的见解。

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引用次数: 0