Minerals Engineering最新文献_第6页

The origin of interparticle aggregation: Probing the long-range hydrophobic forces between particles induced by nanobubbles in aqueous solutions 粒子间聚集的起源：探究水溶液中纳米气泡诱导的粒子间长程疏水作用力

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109030

The processes of particle–particle collision, adhesion, and detachment are omnipresent in the solid particle separation and purification processes. Nanobubbles, serving as a critical medium for interactions between particles, play a pivotal role in numerous fields of separation and purification such as mineral flotation, hydrometallurgy, chemical engineering, materials, and more. The elucidation of the principles governing nanobubbles’ involvement in interparticle interactions holds significant implications for enhancing and controlling separation and purification processes. The impact of nanobubbles on interparticle interactions between calcite particles was investigated in this study by measuring the forces between particles with and without nanobubbles and analysing them using DLVO and EDLVO theories. The experimental results demonstrate the occurrence of long-range attractive forces and significant adhesion between particles in the presence of nanobubbles under natural pH and ultrapure water conditions, phenomena that cannot be explained by classical DLVO theory. The generation of long-range hydrophobic attraction at the particle interface due to nanobubbles was confirmed through further EDLVO calculations and modifications, enhancing the stability of particle flocculation. Additionally, for the first time, the entire process from contact to detachment between the “particle-nanobubble” system in atomic force microscopy (AFM) simulations was described by combining experimental force curves with stepwise graphical interpretation. This approach provides valuable guidance for the analysis of bubble and soft matter interactions under AFM. The results of this study indicate that nanobubbles can indirectly alter the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of particles, increasing the probability of particle adhesion and reducing the probability of desorption, thereby enhancing the stability of particle flocculation.

在固体颗粒分离和提纯过程中，颗粒与颗粒之间的碰撞、粘附和分离过程无处不在。纳米气泡作为颗粒间相互作用的关键介质，在矿物浮选、湿法冶金、化学工程、材料等众多分离和提纯领域发挥着举足轻重的作用。阐明纳米气泡参与颗粒间相互作用的原理，对于加强和控制分离和提纯过程具有重要意义。本研究通过测量有纳米气泡和无纳米气泡颗粒之间的作用力，并利用 DLVO 和 EDLVO 理论进行分析，研究了纳米气泡对方解石颗粒间相互作用的影响。实验结果表明，在自然 pH 值和超纯水条件下，有纳米气泡存在时，颗粒之间会产生长程吸引力和显著的粘附力，而经典的 DLVO 理论无法解释这些现象。通过进一步的 EDLVO 计算和修正，证实了纳米气泡在颗粒界面上产生的长程疏水吸引力，从而增强了颗粒絮凝的稳定性。此外，原子力显微镜（AFM）模拟中的 "颗粒-纳米气泡 "系统从接触到脱离的整个过程，首次通过结合实验力曲线和分步图形解释进行了描述。这种方法为分析原子力显微镜下气泡与软物质的相互作用提供了宝贵的指导。研究结果表明，纳米气泡能间接改变颗粒的亲水性和疏水性，增加颗粒粘附的概率，降低颗粒解吸的概率，从而提高颗粒絮凝的稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating CO2 sequestration through Technosol constructed from coal mining waste 评估利用采煤废料建造的 Technosol 进行二氧化碳封存的情况

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109032

This paper proposes enhancing CO₂ sequestration and recovering degraded areas using Technosols constructed with coal waste and strategic materials. The evaluation of carbon capture considered four methods: (i) plant dry mass produced by Megathyrsus Maximus cv. Mombasa (ii) carbon incorporation via biochar, (iii) microbial biomass carbon, and (iv) mineral sequestration by lime. Local soil from the mine site was used as a control. Results show soil fertility parameters of the Technosols according to Brazilian guidelines. Plant growth increased with biochar incorporation but was still lower than in control soil. The pH, chemical, and mineralogical composition data were combined with geochemical reactions, showing the interaction of coal waste compounds, mainly pyrite with lime. Regarding calculating the CO₂ capture potential, biochar and mineral carbonation were the most relevant means for the designed system. The best performance obtained can capture approximately 65 t CO₂eq ha⁻¹, about four times greater than the systems traditionally used to recover waste disposal areas. The study demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating mining site recovery, waste disposal, and emissions mitigation in a closed system, providing sustainable options for the coal mining industry.

本文提出利用煤炭废料和战略材料构建的技术溶胶来加强二氧化碳封存和恢复退化地区。对碳捕集的评估考虑了四种方法：(i) 由 Megathyrsus Maximus cv. Mombasa 产生的植物干物质；(ii) 通过生物炭加入碳；(iii) 微生物生物质碳；(iv) 通过石灰进行矿物固碳。矿区的当地土壤被用作对照。结果显示，技术溶胶的土壤肥力参数符合巴西的指导方针。植物生长随着生物炭的加入而增加，但仍低于对照土壤。pH 值、化学成分和矿物成分数据与地球化学反应相结合，显示了煤炭废物化合物（主要是黄铁矿）与石灰的相互作用。在计算二氧化碳捕集潜力方面，生物炭和矿物碳化是与设计系统最相关的方法。获得的最佳性能可捕获约 65 吨二氧化碳当量公顷-1，比传统用于回收废物处理区的系统高出约四倍。该研究证明了将采矿场地回收、废物处置和排放减缓整合到一个封闭系统中的可行性，为煤炭开采业提供了可持续的选择。

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引用次数: 0

A mechanistic and data-driven approach for real-time online determination of ilmenite grade in pulp by X-ray fluorescence 利用 X 射线荧光实时在线测定纸浆中钛铁矿品位的机理和数据驱动方法

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109002

This article addresses the issues of low accuracy and time-consuming processes associated with traditional correction methods for matrix effect in the quantitative analysis of ilmenite grade by proposing a novel correction method based on a combination of mechanistic and data-driven approaches using X-ray fluorescence. By analyzing the modeling features of ilmenite grade, linear known terms and nonlinear unknown terms are identified. A comprehensive recognition of ilmenite grade is achieved by combining the least-squares method with a stochastic configuration network algorithm with block increments. Additionally, the Fisher information matrix is introduced to eliminate redundant nodes during the model establishment of block incremental, thereby reducing the network’s scale and achieving a lightweight model architecture. The practical industrial application demonstrates that the proposed method for estimating ilmenite grade achieves lower mean absolute error and root-mean-square error values, a coefficient of determination closer to 1, and a higher proportion of samples within an acceptable margin of error. These results are superior to other comparative algorithms, significantly enhancing the effectiveness of the ilmenite grade detection model.

本文针对钛铁矿品位定量分析中基体效应传统校正方法存在的精度低、过程耗时等问题，提出了一种基于机理和数据驱动相结合的 X 射线荧光校正新方法。通过分析钛铁矿品位的建模特征，确定了线性已知项和非线性未知项。通过将最小二乘法与分块增量随机配置网络算法相结合，实现了对钛铁矿品位的全面识别。此外，在分块递增的模型建立过程中，引入了费雪信息矩阵来消除冗余节点，从而减小了网络规模，实现了轻量级的模型架构。实际工业应用表明，所提出的钛铁矿品位估算方法获得了较低的平均绝对误差和均方根误差值，确定系数更接近于 1，并且在可接受误差范围内的样本比例更高。这些结果优于其他比较算法，大大提高了钛铁矿品位检测模型的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of clays on coal flotation: Focusing on coal surface oxidization 粘土对煤浮选的影响：关注煤的表面氧化

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109028

This study is the first to investigate the influence of clays on the flotation of coals with different surface oxidization degrees. The results show that moderate oxidation is not conducive to coal flotation, regardless of the presence of clays. However, when the coal undergoes a high degree of oxidation, the presence of clay minerals has almost no influence on the coal flotation or is even beneficial when montmorillonite is present. This phenomenon is explainable, given that moderate oxidation is unfavorable for coal-bubble adhesion, whereas high oxidation is favorable from a single-bubble perspective when clays exist. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy tests show that a weak attraction force existed between unoxidized coal and clays, whereas a repulsive force always exists between highly oxidized coal and clays. These findings provide new enlightenment for oxidized coal flotation.

这项研究首次探讨了粘土对不同表面氧化程度煤炭浮选的影响。结果表明，无论是否存在粘土，中度氧化都不利于煤的浮选。然而，当煤炭发生高度氧化时，粘土矿物的存在对煤炭浮选几乎没有影响，甚至当存在蒙脱石时对煤炭浮选有利。这种现象是可以解释的，因为中度氧化不利于煤-气泡的粘附，而当存在粘土时，从单个气泡的角度来看，高度氧化是有利的。此外，原子力显微镜测试表明，未氧化的煤和粘土之间存在微弱的吸引力，而高度氧化的煤和粘土之间始终存在排斥力。这些发现为氧化煤的浮选提供了新的启示。

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical activation of periodate with graphite electrodes for degradation of high concentrations of thiocyanogen (SCN−) in mineral processing tail liquid 利用石墨电极对高碘酸盐进行电化学活化，以降解选矿尾液中的高浓度硫氰酸根 (SCN-)

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109009

Cyanide has been widely used in gold extraction due to its cost-effectiveness, high selectivity and recovery. Regrettably, its wide application also leads to the presence of a large amount of thiocyanogen (SCN⁻) in the tail liquid of mineral processing plants, which affects the quality of the effluent water, and thus poses a threat to the ecological environment and human health. This paper investigates the degradation of high concentration of SCN⁻ in water using electrochemical oxidation/periodate (E-GP/PI) system. A degradation rate of 90.25 % of SCN⁻ was achieved by optimising various operating parameters. The effects of organic matter and typical heavy metal ion concentrations on the degradation of SCN⁻ were investigated, and it was found that Cu²⁺ was able to promote the degradation of SCN⁻ through the formation of stable complexes with SCN⁻, which enhanced the degradation rate to 96.48 %. However, the presence of Octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (OTAB) and butylxanthin hindered the degradation process, where 500 mg/L of OTAB reduced the degradation rate of SCN⁻ to 80.88 %, while 100 mg/L of butylxanthin reduced the degradation rate to 78.66 %. On this basis, experiments were carried out using real wastewater samples and SCN⁻ degradation efficiencies of about 90 % were obtained. Afterwards, through electron paramagnetic resonance analysis, free radical burst, ion chromatograph and other research techniques, IO₃ and O₂^– were obtained as the main drivers of SCN⁻ degradation and SCN⁻ degradation pathways were elucidated. Finally, the E-GP/PI system was shown to be effective in reducing the ecotoxicity of SCN⁻ by increasing the 24-h LC₅₀ from 12.5 % to 48.5 % in a toxicity test with daphnia. This study provides a new idea for the green and efficient treatment of SCN⁻ rich beneficiation tail liquid.

氰化物因其成本效益高、选择性强和回收率高而被广泛用于黄金提取。遗憾的是，氰化物的广泛应用也导致选矿厂尾液中存在大量硫氰原（SCN-），影响出水水质，从而对生态环境和人类健康构成威胁。本文利用电化学氧化/过硫酸盐（E-GP/PI）系统研究了水中高浓度 SCN- 的降解问题。通过优化各种操作参数，SCN- 的降解率达到了 90.25%。研究了有机物和典型重金属离子浓度对 SCN- 降解的影响，发现 Cu2+ 能够通过与 SCN- 形成稳定的络合物促进 SCN- 的降解，从而将降解率提高到 96.48%。然而，十八烷基三甲基溴化铵（OTAB）和丁基黄质的存在阻碍了降解过程，其中 500 mg/L 的 OTAB 可将 SCN- 的降解率降至 80.88 %，而 100 mg/L 的丁基黄质可将降解率降至 78.66 %。在此基础上，利用实际废水样品进行了实验，结果表明 SCN- 的降解效率约为 90%。随后，通过电子顺磁共振分析、自由基猝灭、离子色谱等研究技术，得出了 IO3 和 O2- 是 SCN- 降解的主要驱动因子，并阐明了 SCN- 降解途径。最后，在水蚤毒性试验中，E-GP/PI 系统能有效降低 SCN- 的生态毒性，其 24 小时半数致死浓度从 12.5% 提高到 48.5%。这项研究为绿色高效处理富含 SCN- 的选矿尾液提供了新思路。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of NaCl on xanthate adsorption on chalcopyrite surface and chalcopyrite flotation 氯化钠对黄铜矿表面黄原酸盐吸附及黄铜矿浮选的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109026

Due to freshwater scarcity, mineral flotation plants have been using alternative water resources including seawater together with water recycling, resulting in the accumulation of salts in process water. However, how salts affect the adsorption of xanthates on the surfaces of sulphide minerals and subsequent sulphide mineral flotation is unclear. To address the knowledge gap, this study investigated how NaCl affected the adsorption of potassium amyl xanthate (PAX) on chalcopyrite surface and chalcopyrite flotation. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests identified that NaCl increased the oxidation of PAX and its adsorption on chalcopyrite surface due to elevated ionic strength and electrical conductivity of water, facilitating charge transfer among PAX, chalcopyrite surface and oxygen. NaCl also increased chalcopyrite surface oxidation to produce more CuS, facilitating the formation of copper-xanthate complexes. Flotation tests identified that the increased adsorption of PAX by NaCl was only translated into improved true flotation of chalcopyrite at a low PAX concentration such as 50 ppm in NaCl solutions with low and medium concentrations (0.1 and 0.7 M, respectively). At a high PAX concentration such as 150 ppm, the coexistence of high concentrations of PAX and NaCl led to strong froth destabilisation, resulting in a dramatic reduction in water recovery and true flotation recovery of chalcopyrite. The findings from this study will be able to guide the flotation plants to maximise mineral flotation by choosing collector dosage based on the ionic strength of process water.

由于淡水匮乏，矿物浮选厂一直在使用替代水资源，包括海水和循环水，从而导致工艺水中盐分的积累。然而，盐类如何影响硫化矿物表面对黄原酸盐的吸附以及随后的硫化矿物浮选还不清楚。为了填补这一知识空白，本研究调查了氯化钠如何影响黄铜矿表面对戊基黄原酸钾（PAX）的吸附以及黄铜矿的浮选。循环伏安法（CV）测试发现，由于水的离子强度和电导率升高，促进了 PAX、黄铜矿表面和氧气之间的电荷转移，NaCl 增加了 PAX 的氧化及其在黄铜矿表面的吸附。氯化钠还增加了黄铜矿表面的氧化作用，产生更多的CuS，促进了黄铜酸铜络合物的形成。浮选测试表明，只有在 PAX 浓度较低时，如在中低浓度（分别为 0.1 和 0.7 兆欧）的 NaCl 溶液中为 50 ppm 时，NaCl 对 PAX 的吸附才会转化为黄铜矿的真正浮选。在 PAX 浓度较高时（如 150 ppm），高浓度 PAX 和 NaCl 的共存会导致强烈的泡沫不稳定，从而导致黄铜矿的水回收率和真正浮选回收率急剧下降。这项研究的结果将能够指导浮选厂根据工艺水的离子强度选择捕收剂用量，从而最大限度地提高矿物浮选率。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism of pyrite depression by marine Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria in seawater flotation 海水浮选中海洋铁(II)氧化细菌抑制黄铁矿的机理

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109029

Seawater flotation is a promising technique to reduce environmental and economic loads in mineral processing. This study attempted to depress pyrite, a common gangue sulfide mineral, using two marine iron (Fe) oxidizing bacteria (MFeOB), Thalassospira sp. TF-1 and Mariprofundus sp. E-4, in seawater flotation without pH control; the MFeOB could contribute to hydrophilization of the pyrite surface by oxidation and/or adhesion of bacterial cells. Pyrite or chalcopyrite samples were preconditioned in seawater containing MFeOB for different times (15 min or 30 min). As a result of flotation experiments, the recovery of pyrite preconditioned without MFeOB (i.e., control sample) decreased to 64.2 % after 30 min reaction. The same recovery was observed when pyrite was preconditioned with Thalassospira sp. TF-1, whereas the recovery was successfully decreased to 20.2 % after preconditioning with Mariprofundus sp. E-4 for 30 min. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of preconditioned pyrite samples showed no significant difference of Fe-oxidizing compounds between with and without MFeOB reaction, suggesting that the formation of hydrophilic substances such as Fe(OH)₃ derived from pyrite oxidation by MFeOB is unlikely to be the main reason for the pyrite depression by Mariprofundus sp. E-4. The adhesion experiment revealed that MFeOB cells could cover the pyrite surface but not the chalcopyrite surface, showing that the hydrophilicity of Mariprofundus sp. E-4 cell caused the pyrite depression. This result suggests that the hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of bacterial cells are a significant determining factor in pyrite recovery in seawater flotation in the case of MFeOB.

海水浮选是一种很有前途的技术，可减少矿物加工过程中的环境和经济负担。本研究尝试使用两种海洋铁（Fe）氧化细菌（MFeOB）（Thalassospira sp. TF-1 和 Mariprofundus sp. E-4）在不控制 pH 值的海水浮选中抑制黄铁矿（一种常见的煤矸石硫化矿物）；MFeOB 可通过氧化和/或细菌细胞的粘附作用促进黄铁矿表面的亲水性。黄铁矿或黄铜矿样品在含有 MFeOB 的海水中进行了不同时间（15 分钟或 30 分钟）的预处理。浮选实验结果表明，不含 MFeOB 的黄铁矿预处理样品（即对照样品）的回收率在 30 分钟反应后降至 64.2%。用 Thalassospira sp. TF-1 对黄铁矿进行预处理时，也观察到了相同的回收率，而用 Mariprofundus sp. E-4 进行预处理 30 分钟后，回收率成功降至 20.2%。对预处理过的黄铁矿样品进行的 X 射线光电子能谱分析表明，有 MFeOB 反应和无 MFeOB 反应的黄铁矿样品中的铁氧化化合物没有明显差异，这表明 MFeOB 氧化黄铁矿形成的 Fe(OH)3 等亲水性物质不太可能是 Mariprofundus sp. E-4 抑制黄铁矿的主要原因。粘附实验表明，MFeOB 细胞能覆盖黄铁矿表面，但不能覆盖黄铜矿表面，这表明 Mariprofundus sp.这一结果表明，就 MFeOB 而言，细菌细胞的亲水/疏水特性是海水浮选中黄铁矿回收的重要决定因素。

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引用次数: 0

Application of flotation on the recovery/removal of heavy metals in secondary resources: A comprehensive review 浮选在回收/去除二次资源中重金属方面的应用：全面综述

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108999

Due to the stringent environmental regulations requiring proper disposal of the wastes, recycling/removing heavy metals from solid wastes and wastewater has attracted the worldwide attention. Flotation tends to be one of the promising techniques that have enjoyed widespread use because of its high yield, low cost, and ease of operation. This article provided an overview of the present application status of flotation in the recovery/removal of heavy metals from secondary resources such as tailings, waste printed circuit boards, slags, lithium-ion batteries, leach residue and wastewaters. The study was focused on the reagent regimes and physicochemical & electrochemical mechanism of flotation, in particular, the application of single and hybrid process was reviewed. Finally, the paper has pointed out challenges and future perspectives of the flotation application in metal recovery from secondary resources. Hence, this work aims to promote the development of flotation technology to recover heavy metals from secondary resources.

由于严格的环境法规要求妥善处理废物，从固体废物和废水中回收/去除重金属已引起全世界的关注。浮选技术因其产量高、成本低、操作简便等优点而成为前景广阔的技术之一。本文概述了浮选在从尾矿、废印刷电路板、炉渣、锂离子电池、浸出残渣和废水等二次资源中回收/去除重金属方面的应用现状。研究的重点是试剂制度和物理化学& 浮选的电化学机理，特别是单一和混合工艺的应用。最后，论文指出了浮选应用于从二次资源中回收金属所面临的挑战和未来展望。因此，这项工作旨在促进浮选技术的发展，以从二次资源中回收重金属。

引用次数: 0

Selective depression of phenoxyacetyl chloride on magnesite: Implications for effective flotation separation of magnesite from dolomite 苯氧乙酰氯对菱镁矿的选择性抑制：从白云石中有效浮选分离菱镁矿的意义

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109017

In order to improve the flotation separation of magnesite from dolomite effectively, the organic regulator, phenoxyacetyl chloride (POC), was first introduced as a selective depressant of magnesite, with dodecylamine (DDA) as the collector. The results of single mineral flotation showed that POC could selectively inhibit magnesite but hardly affect dolomite. The results of reverse flotation of a synthetic mixture of magnesite and dolomite were basically consistent with those of single mineral flotation. With DDA as the collector and POC as the depressant, dolomite floated selectively against magnesite. Magnesite and dolomite could be efficiently separated at pH 8.00 with a reagent scheme of 0.50 mg/mL POC and 30.00 mg/L DDA. When the mixed ore for the synthetic mineral, grading 42.60 % MgO and 2.84 % CaO, a magnesite concentrate with 46.85 % MgO and 0.45 % CaO was achieved. Contact angle, Zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and DFT analyses showed that POC selectively adsorbed on the surface of magnesite, by chelating Mg on the surface of magnesite. The results from the contact angle tests indicated that POC selectively reduced the surface hydrophobicity of magnesite in the DDA system. Besides, Zeta-potential measurements and FTIR analyses revealed that the addition of POC prior to DDA had no significant impact on the adsorption of DDA onto dolomite; the addition of POC strongly prevented DDA from being adsorbed onto magnesite, resulting in a significant difference in the flotation performances of the two minerals. Furthermore, XPS analyses and DFT calculations confirmed that the adsorption of POC on the magnesite surface could be attributed to the interaction between the POC electron-rich groups and the Mg exposed to magnesite, POC could be used as a high-performance inhibitor for the magnesite flotation to realize the decalcificationic. Based on these experimental results, a possible model for the flotation separation process of magnesite has been proposed.

为了有效提高菱镁矿与白云石的浮选分离效果，首先引入了有机调节剂苯氧乙酰氯（POC）作为菱镁矿的选择性抑制剂，并以十二胺（DDA）作为捕收剂。单矿物浮选结果表明，POC 能选择性地抑制菱镁矿，但几乎不影响白云石。菱镁矿和白云石合成混合物的反浮选结果与单矿物浮选结果基本一致。以 DDA 作为捕收剂，以 POC 作为抑制剂，白云石选择性地浮选菱镁矿。在 pH 值为 8.00 时，采用 0.50 mg/mL POC 和 30.00 mg/L DDA 的试剂方案可有效分离菱镁矿和白云石。当合成矿物的混合矿石氧化镁含量为 42.60 %、氧化钙含量为 2.84 %时，可获得氧化镁含量为 46.85 %、氧化钙含量为 0.45 %的菱镁矿精矿。接触角、Zeta 电位、傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）和 DFT 分析表明，POC 通过在菱镁矿表面螯合镁，选择性地吸附在菱镁矿表面。接触角测试结果表明，在 DDA 系统中，POC 选择性地降低了菱镁矿的表面疏水性。此外，Zeta 电位测量和傅立叶变换红外分析表明，在 DDA 之前添加 POC 对 DDA 在白云石上的吸附没有显著影响；而添加 POC 则强烈阻止了 DDA 在菱镁矿上的吸附，导致两种矿物的浮选性能存在显著差异。此外，XPS 分析和 DFT 计算证实，POC 在菱镁矿表面的吸附作用可能是由于 POC 富电子基团与暴露在菱镁矿中的镁之间的相互作用，POC 可用作菱镁矿浮选的高性能抑制剂，实现脱钙。根据这些实验结果，提出了菱镁矿浮选分离过程的可能模型。

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引用次数: 0

Bioleaching of printed circuit boards in a two-stage reactor system with enhanced ferric iron regeneration in a re-circulating packed-bed reactor from PCB leaching 在一个两级反应器系统中对印刷电路板进行生物沥滤，并在一个再循环填料床反应器中加强多氯联苯沥滤产生的铁的再生能力

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109000

We report the bio-assisted leaching of PCBs in a continuous two-stage reactor system, comprised of a stirred tank reactor for chemical leaching of PCBs through the reduction of ferric iron, coupled to a packed-bed column bioreactor in which biological ferrous iron oxidation is optimised to regenerate the ferric leach agent. The bioreactor was packed with polyurethane foam biomass support particles colonised with the moderately thermophilic mixed culture, dominated by Leptospirillum ferriphilum. On chemical leaching of the PCBs with acidic ferric iron in the stirred tank reactor, a ferrous-rich solution was generated and circulated through the packed bed bioreactor to re-oxidise the ferrous iron to ferric iron. A one-stage reactor system, where both PCB leaching and re-oxidation of the resultant ferrous iron occur in one pot, was run concurrently. PCB loading was varied from 3 % to 18 % (w/v) and the regeneration of the required ferric iron for leaching was studied. In both one- and two-stage systems, high bioleaching efficiency was achieved, with the two-stage system achieving 98 % Al, 58 % Ca, 93 % Cr, 96 % Cu, >100 % Mg, 79 % Ni, 80 % Pb, >100 % Sn, >100 % Zn solubilisation from 18 % PCB solid loading, whereas low release of 7 % Co and 11 % Sr was achieved. Despite the high PCB solid loading, microbial cultures maintained their oxidative activity post exposure to the leached metals, with more rapid Fe³⁺ regeneration occurring in the two-stage system compared to the one-stage system. The two-stage reactor system exhibited an improvement of about 60 % in the ratio of the Fe³⁺ reduction and regeneration rates relative to the one-stage reactor system. These findings present a promising approach to maximising metal recovery while maintaining and improving microbial activity in the bioleaching of PCBs. Such insight into the bioleaching of the elemental form of base metals from PCBs at the reactor level contributes to process design and optimisation, to enable upscaling and subsequent commercialisation of the process.

我们报告了在一个连续的两级反应器系统中对多氯联苯进行生物辅助沥滤的情况，该系统由一个搅拌罐反应器和一个填料床柱生物反应器组成，前者通过还原铁对多氯联苯进行化学沥滤，后者通过优化生物亚铁氧化作用再生铁沥滤剂。生物反应器中装有聚氨酯泡沫生物质支撑颗粒，其中定殖有以嗜铁钩端螺旋体为主的中度嗜热混合培养物。在搅拌槽反应器中用酸性铁对多氯联苯进行化学浸出时，会产生富含亚铁的溶液并在填料床生物反应器中循环，将亚铁重新氧化为铁。在单级反应器系统中，多氯联苯的沥滤和由此产生的亚铁的再氧化都在一个反应器中同时进行。多氯联苯的添加量从 3% 到 18%（w/v）不等，并研究了沥滤所需铁元素的再生情况。在单级和两级系统中，都实现了较高的生物沥滤效率，两级系统从 18% 的多氯联苯固体负载中实现了 98% 的 Al、58% 的 Ca、93% 的 Cr、96% 的 Cu、100% 的 Mg、79% 的 Ni、80% 的 Pb、100% 的 Sn、100% 的 Zn 溶出，而 7% 的 Co 和 11% 的 Sr 的释放量较低。尽管多氯联苯固体负荷很高，但微生物培养物在暴露于浸出金属后仍能保持其氧化活性，与单级系统相比，两级系统中的 Fe3+ 再生速度更快。与单级反应器系统相比，两级反应器系统的 Fe3+ 还原速率和再生速率之比提高了约 60%。这些发现为最大限度地回收金属，同时保持和提高多氯联苯生物浸出过程中的微生物活性提供了一种可行的方法。在反应器一级对多氯联苯中基本金属元素形式的生物浸出进行深入研究，有助于工艺设计和优化，从而实现工艺的升级和后续商业化。

{"title":"Bioleaching of printed circuit boards in a two-stage reactor system with enhanced ferric iron regeneration in a re-circulating packed-bed reactor from PCB leaching","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the bio-assisted leaching of PCBs in a continuous two-stage reactor system, comprised of a stirred tank reactor for chemical leaching of PCBs through the reduction of ferric iron, coupled to a packed-bed column bioreactor in which biological ferrous iron oxidation is optimised to regenerate the ferric leach agent. The bioreactor was packed with polyurethane foam biomass support particles colonised with the moderately thermophilic mixed culture, dominated by <em>Leptospirillum ferriphilum</em>. On chemical leaching of the PCBs with acidic ferric iron in the stirred tank reactor, a ferrous-rich solution was generated and circulated through the packed bed bioreactor to re-oxidise the ferrous iron to ferric iron. A one-stage reactor system, where both PCB leaching and re-oxidation of the resultant ferrous iron occur in one pot, was run concurrently. PCB loading was varied from 3 % to 18 % (w/v) and the regeneration of the required ferric iron for leaching was studied. In both one- and two-stage systems, high bioleaching efficiency was achieved, with the two-stage system achieving 98 % Al, 58 % Ca, 93 % Cr, 96 % Cu, >100 % Mg, 79 % Ni, 80 % Pb, >100 % Sn, >100 % Zn solubilisation from 18 % PCB solid loading, whereas low release of 7 % Co and 11 % Sr was achieved. Despite the high PCB solid loading, microbial cultures maintained their oxidative activity post exposure to the leached metals, with more rapid Fe<sup>3+</sup> regeneration occurring in the two-stage system compared to the one-stage system. The two-stage reactor system exhibited an improvement of about 60 % in the ratio of the Fe<sup>3+</sup> reduction and regeneration rates relative to the one-stage reactor system. These findings present a promising approach to maximising metal recovery while maintaining and improving microbial activity in the bioleaching of PCBs. Such insight into the bioleaching of the elemental form of base metals from PCBs at the reactor level contributes to process design and optimisation, to enable upscaling and subsequent commercialisation of the process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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