Minerals Engineering最新文献_第4页

Resource utilization strategy of Fe-bearing smelting slag in China: A review 中国含铁冶炼渣的资源利用战略：综述

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109066

Zhengliang Qin , Junhui Xiao , Tianyi Du , Renju Cheng , Junhui Zhang

In China’s rapid development, the metallurgy industry plays a pivotal role. However, the processing and utilization of iron ore results in the production of a significant amount of iron-bearing smelting slags. Iron-bearing smelting slags contains iron, zinc, copper, calcium, potassium, and other metal elements. Challenges in processing technology and cost control in smelting enterprises contribute to the slag stockpile issue, leading to significant pollution of the surrounding environment and groundwater resources, and resulting in the underutilization of metal resources in iron-bearing smelting slags. This paper identifies the sources and hazards of iron-bearing smelting slag, delves into resourceful strategies for its comprehensive utilization, such as metal recycling technology and new building materials, summarizes various treatment processes, and employs reaction thermodynamics software to calculate the Gibbs free energy (ΔG^θ) of potential chemical reactions in the slag. This analysis helps elucidate the evolution of iron-bearing phases. Additionally, it examines the role of additives (CaO) in the reduction process of non-ferrous smelting slags and seeks to uncover the factors limiting their industrial application.

在中国的快速发展中，冶金工业发挥着举足轻重的作用。然而，在铁矿石的加工和利用过程中，会产生大量的含铁冶炼渣。含铁冶炼渣中含有铁、锌、铜、钙、钾等金属元素。冶炼企业在加工技术和成本控制方面面临的挑战造成了矿渣堆放问题，导致周边环境和地下水资源受到严重污染，并造成含铁冶炼渣中的金属资源未得到充分利用。本文指出了含铁冶炼渣的来源和危害，深入探讨了其综合利用的资源化策略，如金属回收技术和新型建筑材料，总结了各种处理工艺，并利用反应热力学软件计算了渣中潜在化学反应的吉布斯自由能（ΔGθ）。这项分析有助于阐明含铁相的演变过程。此外，它还研究了添加剂（氧化钙）在有色金属冶炼渣还原过程中的作用，并试图揭示限制其工业应用的因素。

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引用次数: 0

Generalized mathematical model applied to a silica sand laboratory-controlled mill: Derivation of simplified ceramic ball entrance flux, ball wear consumption, and mass distribution functions 应用于硅砂实验室控制磨机的通用数学模型：简化陶瓷球入口通量、球磨损消耗和质量分布函数的推导

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109055

Jesús Medina-Pierres , Juan M. Menéndez-Aguado , M.R. Fulla , I.E. Rivera

A laboratory-controlled milling process of silica sand was carried out using aluminum oxide balls of three different sizes. The ball wear kinetic equations were experimentally obtained from the evolution curves of the ball diameter as a function of the operating time. From a generalized model, the ball entrance flux and ball wear consumption were calculated using exact two-parameter solution functions. One-parameter ball entrance flux and ball wear consumption functions were proposed to perform calculations that accurately describe the values provided by the two-parameter functions. In addition, a compact form of the ball mass distribution function is found. This set of simplified equations can be suitable for fast calculations in the milling industry.

使用三种不同尺寸的氧化铝球对硅砂进行了实验室控制的研磨过程。通过实验从球直径随工作时间的变化曲线中获得了球磨损动力学方程。根据广义模型，使用精确的双参数求解函数计算了球入口通量和球磨损消耗量。提出了单参数球入口通量和球磨损消耗函数，以进行精确描述双参数函数所提供数值的计算。此外，还找到了球质量分布函数的紧凑形式。这组简化方程适用于制粉行业的快速计算。

引用次数: 0

Study on the influence of high permeability magnetic iron on energy consumption reduction in high gradient magnetic separator 研究高磁导率磁铁对降低高梯度磁选机能耗的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109064

Zihao Liu , Le Zheng , Xuan Liu , Xiaofei Guo , Shujuan Dai

The green processing of weakly magnetic iron ore is inseparable from high-intensity and high-gradient magnetic separator (HGMS), which is one of the most energy-intensive magnetic separation equipment. Iron (Fe) armor serves as the key primary structure for enhancing magnetic field conduction efficiency within the magnetic system. The order of magnetic properties of commonly used magnetic yoke materials is: ordinary carbon structural steel < Q235 steel < DT4 electrical pure iron. But the utilization cost of DT4 electrical pure iron is the highest, especially the magnetic properties of DT4C super electrical pure iron are unstable and the yield is low. On the basis of ordinary pure iron materials, this article has developed a new type of 411 pure iron (411) upon controlling the levels of harmful elements, while increasing the concentration of beneficial elements.intensity Furthermore, through the utilization of magnetic field simulation software, the impact of 411 on the background magnetic field intensity of HGMS was analyzed. The results indicated that the newly developed 411 pure Fe exhibited a coercivity of 24.07 A/m, a saturation magnetization intensity of ∼ 1.69 T, a maximum relative magnetic permeability of 24.38 × 10^-3H/m, demonstrating superior magnetic properties in comparison with Q235 and DT4C. When using 411 pure iron as the magnetic yoke material, the background magnetic field intensity of the HGMS can be increased by 6.85 % − 14.64 % compared with using DT4C super pure iron under the same excitation current conditions. The magnetic yoke with better magnetic conductivity will enhance the magnetic field utilization efficiency of the magnetic system, a reduce the excitation energy consumption, and improve the sorting performance of HGMS.

弱磁性铁矿石的绿色加工离不开高强高梯度磁选机（HGMS），它是能耗最大的磁选设备之一。铁（Fe）铠装是提高磁系内部磁场传导效率的关键初级结构。常用磁轭材料的磁性能依次为：普通碳素结构钢；Q235 钢；DT4 电工纯铁。但 DT4 电工纯铁的使用成本最高，特别是 DT4C 超级电工纯铁的磁性能不稳定，成品率低。本文在普通纯铁材料的基础上，通过控制有害元素含量，提高有益元素浓度，研制出新型 411 纯铁（411），并利用磁场模拟软件分析了 411 对 HGMS 背景磁场强度的影响。结果表明，新开发的 411 纯铁的矫顽力为 24.07 A/m，饱和磁化强度为 1.69 T，最大相对磁导率为 24.38 × 10-3H/m，与 Q235 和 DT4C 相比，磁性能更优越。使用 411 纯铁作为磁轭材料时，在相同的激磁电流条件下，HGMS 的本底磁场强度比使用 DT4C 超纯铁提高了 6.85 % - 14.64 %。磁导率更高的磁轭将提高磁系统的磁场利用效率，降低励磁能耗，改善 HGMS 的分拣性能。

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引用次数: 0

State and parameter estimation of a dynamic froth flotation model using industrial data 利用工业数据对动态泡沫浮选模型进行状态和参数估计

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109059

Jaco-Louis Venter, Johan Derik le Roux, Ian Keith Craig

This paper investigates an observable dynamic model of froth flotation circuits aimed at online state and parameter estimation and model-based control. The aim is to estimate the model states and parameters online from industrial data. However, in light of limitations in the plant data, additional model analysis is conducted. It is shown that without online compositional measurements, only the states and parameters of a reduced model can be estimated online. The reduced model lumps all recovery mechanisms into a single empirical equation. The reduced model is used to develop a moving horizon estimator (MHE) which is implemented on the industrial data. The state and parameter estimates from the MHE are used to evaluate the model prediction accuracy over a receding control horizon as would be done in model predictive control (MPC). Given the uncertainty of the available data, unmeasured disturbances and missing online measurements, the estimation and prediction results are reasonably accurate, at least in a qualitative sense. If accurate and reliable online measurements are available for estimation, the reduced model shows potential to be used for long-term model-based supervisory control of a flotation circuit.

本文研究了浮选回路的可观测动态模型，旨在进行在线状态和参数估计以及基于模型的控制。其目的是从工业数据中在线估计模型状态和参数。然而，鉴于工厂数据的局限性，我们进行了额外的模型分析。结果表明，在没有在线成分测量的情况下，只能在线估算简化模型的状态和参数。简化模型将所有回收机制归结为一个经验方程。简化模型用于开发移动地平线估算器（MHE），并在工业数据中实施。MHE 中的状态和参数估计用于评估模型在后退控制范围内的预测精度，就像模型预测控制（MPC）中所做的那样。考虑到可用数据的不确定性、未测量到的干扰和缺失的在线测量，估计和预测结果至少在定性意义上是合理准确的。如果能获得准确可靠的在线测量数据用于估算，那么简化后的模型就有可能用于对浮选回路进行基于模型的长期监督控制。

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引用次数: 0

Developing a robust indicator to evaluate circular economy through reuse strategy: A case study of using water treatment sludge as a coagulant for dewatering of iron ore tailings slurry 通过再利用战略制定评估循环经济的可靠指标：利用水处理污泥作为铁矿尾矿浆脱水的凝结剂的案例研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109062

Mohammad Hadi Shahidi Nasab, Maryam Hasani Zonoozi, Mahdi Ghasemi

Due to the lack of tools, which are simple enough to assess the reuse strategy in the concept of circular economy (CE), in the present paper, reuse efficiency index (REI) was introduced as a new indicator, inspired by previously developed indexes, namely circular economy index (CEI) and value-based resource efficiency (VRE). The REI, as a measure of economic efficiency of reuse strategy, is the ratio of the net value obtained from the reuse of end of life (EOL) product instead of using a new product over the value of materials and energy inputs required to reproduce the EOL product. To calculate REI for any specific EOL product, information regarding mass, physicochemical properties and operational data on the consumption of energy, which are mainly available in the financial archives of companies, is crucial and the market price of EOL product must also be predicted. In another part of the study, the reuse of ferric chloride-based water treatment sludge (FCS) as a coagulant, instead of using high cost polymeric coagulant, for iron ore tailings slurry dewatering was evaluated through REI. The results showed that depending on the market prices of energy and materials as well as the iron (FeCl₃) content in the FCS, the REI could vary between 0.51 and 1.04, corresponding to 51–104% added value. Overall, REI is based on accessible information and its simplicity and comprehensibility makes it applicable for managers and policymakers to invest and create technologies for reaching closed-loop cycles in the concept of CE through reuse action.

由于缺乏足够简单的工具来评估循环经济（CE）概念下的再利用战略，本文受以前开发的指数（即循环经济指数（CEI）和基于价值的资源效率（VRE））的启发，引入了再利用效率指数（REI）作为新的指标。作为衡量再利用战略经济效益的指标，REI 是再利用报废（EOL）产品而不是使用新产品所获得的净价值与再生产该报废产品所需的材料和能源投入价值之比。要计算任何特定报废产品的 REI，有关质量、物理化学特性和能源消耗操作数据的信息至关重要，这些信息主要可从公司的财务档案中获得，而且还必须预测报废产品的市场价格。在另一部分研究中，通过 REI 对以氯化铁为基础的水处理污泥（FCS）作为混凝剂，而不是使用高成本的聚合物混凝剂进行铁矿石尾矿浆脱水的再利用进行了评估。结果表明，根据能源和材料的市场价格以及 FCS 中的铁（FeCl3）含量，REI 可在 0.51 至 1.04 之间变化，相当于 51-104% 的附加值。总之，REI 基于可获取的信息，其简单易懂的特点使其适用于管理者和政策制定者投资和创造技术，以通过再利用行动实现 CE 概念中的闭环循环。

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引用次数: 0

The mechanism of selective separation of stibnite and arsenopyrite by Cu2+ coordination assembly KBX collector Cu2+配位组装KBX收集器选择性分离锡黄铁矿和砷黄铁矿的机理

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109056

Man Chen , Jing Zhong Kuang , Zheyu Huang , Yusufujiang Mubula , Yuting Guo , Hongju Gu , Tingsheng Qiu

The similar physicochemical properties of stibnite and arsenopyrite resulted in the difficult separation by traditional collectors in flotation. Hence, this study utilized Cu²⁺ and potassium butyl xanthate (KBX) coordinate assembly to form a novel Cu-KBX complex collector, investigating its properties, conformation, and its role in flotation separation of stibnite and arsenopyrite, as well as its diverse adsorption behavior on mineral surfaces. The stable Cu-KBX complex solution was formed when the molar ratio of Cu²⁺ to KBX was 1:2, exhibiting a network-like structure at that time. The micro-flotation results showed that at pH 5, the grade of Sb in the concentrate was as high as 61.08 %, with As content at only 4.65 %, enabling effective separation of stibnite and arsenopyrite. Furthermore, the Cu-KBX complex exhibited a reticulated structure at the stibnite surface, while it adhered in a granular fashion on the arsenopyrite surface. FTIR analysis confirmed stronger chemisorption of Cu-KBX onto stibnite compared to arsenopyrite. XPS results indicated that Cu-S was the main collecting component. However, a weak Fe(II)-S substance was found on the arsenopyrite interface, likely due to Fe³⁺ oxidizing in the slurry with the Cu-KBX complex. Therefore, this disruption of the Cu-KBX complex structure by Fe³⁺ in arsenopyrite sharply reduced its adsorption on arsenopyrite, enhancing the selective separation of stibnite and arsenopyrite.

由于闪锌矿和砷黄铁矿具有相似的物理化学性质，因此在浮选过程中很难用传统的捕收剂进行分离。因此，本研究利用 Cu2+ 与黄原酸丁酯钾（KBX）配位组装形成新型 Cu-KBX 复合捕收剂，研究其性质、构象及其在浮选分离锡黄铁矿和砷黄铁矿中的作用，以及在矿物表面的多种吸附行为。当 Cu2+ 与 KBX 的摩尔比为 1:2 时，形成了稳定的 Cu-KBX 复合物溶液，并呈现出网状结构。微浮选结果表明，在 pH 值为 5 时，精矿中锑的品位高达 61.08%，而砷的含量仅为 4.65%，从而有效地分离了锡黄铁矿和砷黄铁矿。此外，铜-KBX 复合物在锡黄铁矿表面呈现网状结构，而在砷黄铁矿表面则呈颗粒状附着。傅立叶变换红外分析证实，与黄铜矿相比，Cu-KBX 在闪锌矿上的化学吸附作用更强。XPS 结果表明，Cu-S 是主要的收集成分。然而，在砷黄铁矿界面上发现了微弱的 Fe(II)-S 物质，这可能是由于泥浆中的 Fe3+ 与 Cu-KBX 复合物一起氧化所致。因此，砷黄铁矿中的 Fe3+ 破坏了 Cu-KBX 复合物的结构，大大降低了其在砷黄铁矿上的吸附力，增强了闪锌矿和砷黄铁矿的选择性分离。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing flotation froth image segmentation via parallel branch network and hybrid loss supervision 通过并行分支网络和混合损失监督优化浮选泡沫图像分割

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109060

Yuhan Fan , Ziqi Lv , Yang Song , Kanghui Zhang , Weidong Wang , Sai Chen , Ming Liu , Meijie Sun , Zhiqiang Xu

Flotation is a crucial technology for fine coal separation, and accurately acquiring bubble size information during the flotation process is essential for monitoring flotation conditions and achieving intelligent control. However, existing semantic segmentation models encountered issues with boundary disconnection when segmenting flotation bubbles, resulting in deviations between the extracted bubble sizes and their true values. To address the aforementioned challenges, a semantic segmentation model was proposed to maintain high-resolution feature maps throughout the network by designing a parallel branch network structure. Additionally, a ConvTranspose module was proposed to preserve the detailed feature information of images while gradually enhancing the resolution of feature maps. In the model training phase, a hybrid loss function combining pixel classification loss with shape similarity loss was proposed to alleviate the sample imbalance problem caused by the substantial difference in the number of pixels between bubble boundaries and the interior of bubbles. Moreover, since traditional semantic segmentation evaluation metrics, such as MIoU, lack a mechanism for measuring bubble boundary continuity and cannot effectively penalize the problem of boundary disconnection, this paper proposed a new evaluation method for assessing the segmentation performance of flotation froth images. To comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, this paper conducted tests using flotation froth images collected from actual production processes. Compared with existing methods, the segmentation model proposed in this paper exhibited clear superiority in mitigating the problem of bubble boundary disconnection. The prediction error for the number of bubbles was 6.38 %, which is significantly better than other methods.

浮选是精煤分选的关键技术，在浮选过程中准确获取气泡尺寸信息对于监测浮选条件和实现智能控制至关重要。然而，现有的语义分割模型在分割浮选气泡时遇到了边界断开的问题，导致提取的气泡尺寸与真实值存在偏差。为解决上述难题，我们提出了一种语义分割模型，通过设计并行分支网络结构，在整个网络中保持高分辨率的特征图。此外，还提出了一个 ConvTranspose 模块，以保留图像的详细特征信息，同时逐步提高特征图的分辨率。在模型训练阶段，提出了一种将像素分类损失与形状相似性损失相结合的混合损失函数，以缓解气泡边界与气泡内部像素数量相差悬殊所导致的样本不平衡问题。此外，由于传统的语义分割评价指标（如 MIoU）缺乏衡量气泡边界连续性的机制，不能有效地惩罚边界断开的问题，因此本文提出了一种新的评价方法来评估浮选泡沫图像的分割性能。为了全面评估所提方法的有效性，本文使用从实际生产过程中采集的浮选泡沫图像进行了测试。与现有方法相比，本文提出的分割模型在缓解气泡边界断开问题方面表现出明显的优势。气泡数量的预测误差为 6.38%，明显优于其他方法。

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引用次数: 0

Prospect for recycling critical elements in combustion residues of coal, lignite, and biomass feedstocks 煤炭、褐煤和生物质原料燃烧残渣中关键元素的回收前景

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109063

Kanishk Kumar Karan , Reginald Ebhin Masto , Sourabh Kumar , Hridesh Agarwalla , Siddharth Bari

The combustion residues derived from coal, lignite, biomass, and spent wash could be recycled to extract critical elements required for energy transition. To recycle these elements from the combustion residues, it is necessary to understand their chemical mode of occurrence in the ash. This study presents the content of critical elements and their chemical mode of occurrence in coal, lignite, biomass, and incinerator ash. Lignite ash, rich in Ca and Si, offers Sc (31 mg/kg) and Nd (212 mg/kg), while coal ash, dominated by Si and Al, contains Ga (44.8 mg/kg). Biomass and spent wash ash, characterized by K, Ca, and S, present substantial potential for potash and Sc. Lignite ash primarily contains rare earth elements (REEs) in metal oxide-bound fractions, whereas in coal ash, the REEs are associated with the hard mullite or quartz phase. Biomass and incinerator ashes have significant water-soluble potash, and the Sc is associated with metal oxides. Green acids can extract critical elements from lignite, biomass, and incinerator ashes, but extracting from coal ash requires harsh conditions. Future research should concentrate on green extraction processes considering the chemical patterns of occurrence of critical elements.

从煤、褐煤、生物质和乏洗煤中提取的燃烧残渣可以回收利用，以提取能源转型所需的关键元素。要从燃烧残渣中回收这些元素，就必须了解它们在灰烬中的化学存在方式。本研究介绍了煤、褐煤、生物质和焚烧炉灰中关键元素的含量及其化学存在方式。褐煤灰含有丰富的钙和硅，可提供钪（31 毫克/千克）和钕（212 毫克/千克），而煤灰则以硅和铝为主，含有镓（44.8 毫克/千克）。以 K、Ca 和 S 为特征的生物质和废洗涤灰具有很大的钾和钪潜力。褐煤灰烬主要含有金属氧化物结合组分中的稀土元素 (REE)，而在煤灰中，稀土元素与坚硬的莫来石或石英相联系在一起。生物质和焚烧炉灰烬中含有大量水溶性钾盐，钾盐与金属氧化物相关。绿酸可以从褐煤、生物质和焚烧炉灰烬中提取关键元素，但从煤灰中提取需要苛刻的条件。未来的研究应集中于考虑关键元素出现的化学规律的绿色萃取工艺。

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引用次数: 0

Processing of low-grade ultramafic nickel ores: A critical review 低品位超基性镍矿石的加工：重要综述

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108976

Omar Bashir Wani , Shaihroz Khan , Mohammad Shoaib , Caroline da Costa Gonçalves , Zhirong Chen , Hongbo Zeng , Erin R. Bobicki

Nickel (Ni) is used to fabricate a variety of products, including various alloys- stainless steel being a prominent one, batteries, and catalysts. Global Ni demand is projected to increase by up to 350% by the year 2050 relative to 2017, while the high-grade Ni sulfide ore deposits have largely been depleted. The increasing demand for Ni from emerging markets such as electric vehicles and energy storage requires newer sources of nickel. In addition, the systemic exploration of nickel sulfide ores has led to resources that are more challenging to process due to the higher impurities. The processing complexity necessitates the development of new technologies and pathways to sustainably process globally abundant low-grade Ni sulphide ores. This work systematically reviews and compares various Ni resources in terms of their composition, occurrence, challenges, and opportunities. The conventional processing methods of low-grade ultramafic Ni ore are discussed along with emerging technologies. Key challenges remaining and future perspectives that tie together fundamental and applied research are also provided.

镍（Ni）用于制造各种产品，包括各种合金（不锈钢是其中最重要的一种）、电池和催化剂。预计到 2050 年，全球镍需求量将比 2017 年增长高达 350%，而高品位硫化镍矿床已基本耗尽。电动汽车和能源存储等新兴市场对镍的需求不断增加，需要更新的镍资源。此外，硫化镍矿的系统勘探导致资源因杂质较多而更具加工难度。加工的复杂性要求开发新的技术和途径，对全球丰富的低品位硫化镍矿石进行可持续加工。这项工作系统地回顾和比较了各种镍资源的组成、存在、挑战和机遇。同时还讨论了低品位超基性镍矿的传统加工方法和新兴技术。此外，还提供了将基础研究与应用研究相结合的主要挑战和未来展望。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of solids concentration and operational variables on the performance of a geometrically optimized concentrator hydrocyclone employing a pseudoplastic fluid 固体浓度和操作变量对采用假塑性流体的几何优化浓缩水力旋流器性能的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109046

Suélen Mara Gonçalves, Murilo Guimarães Morimoto, Marcos Antonio de Souza Barrozo, Luiz Gustavo Martins Vieira

The employment of hydrocyclones in thickening operations is an attractive option when compared to centrifuges and filters due to their low operating, maintenance, and acquisition costs. However, the performance of hydrocyclone separation is impaired as the concentration of solids and the viscosity of the suspension increases. Using geometric optimization techniques, the Federal University of Uberlândia developed one concentrator hydrocyclone named HC. When working with diluted and Newtonian slurries, the HC could generate a stream 45 times more concentrated than the one fed into it. In this study, the HC performance was evaluated when operating pseudoplastic fluids containing up to 10% solids by volume. The combination of the underflow diameter and vortex finder length with an adequate supply of pressure energy maintained the thickening potential of the HC even when the rheology of the fluid was changed. For different working suspensions, the HC hydrocyclone achieved a minimum water split to underflow of 5%, a maximum concentration ratio of 7.0, and a maximum efficiency of 49%. The encouraging results obtained by the HC validated the benefits of the geometric optimization, as they point to a significant advance in the thickening operation of non–Newtonian sludges with a flow behavior index greater than 0.5.

与离心机和过滤器相比，水力旋流器的运行、维护和购置成本较低，因此在浓缩作业中使用水力旋流器是一种极具吸引力的选择。然而，随着固体浓度和悬浮液粘度的增加，水力旋流器的分离性能会受到影响。乌伯兰迪亚联邦大学利用几何优化技术开发了一种名为 HC 的浓缩水力旋流器。在处理稀释的牛顿泥浆时，HC 能产生比输入泥浆浓度高 45 倍的液流。本研究评估了 HC 在处理固体含量高达 10% 的假塑性流体时的性能。即使流体的流变性发生变化，底流直径和涡流探测器长度与充足的压能供应相结合，也能保持 HC 的增稠潜力。对于不同的工作悬浮液，HC 水力旋流器的最小分水率为 5%，最大浓缩比为 7.0，最高效率为 49%。HC 水力旋流器取得的令人鼓舞的结果验证了几何优化的益处，因为这些结果表明，在流动行为指数大于 0.5 的非牛顿流体淤泥的浓缩操作方面取得了重大进展。

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引用次数: 0