Pub Date : 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00200-7
Margherita Bellanca
The European Green Deal’s goal of making Europe the first climate-neutral continent by 2050 requires an adequate mix of policies. This paper analyses three decades of climate policy from a historical perspective to provide insights into the multi-level policy framework within the EU and its Member States. Based on the Climate Policy Dataset, the paper develops an assessment guided by three key perspectives: policy density, sectoral focus, and policy instruments. Two new indexes are proposed for policy evaluation: the emissions coverage indicator, which assesses the sectoral application of policies, and the Policy Mix Thickness Index, which measures the complexity of the policy packages in terms of instruments employed. The results indicate that different strategies have been adopted at the EU and national levels in terms of policy instruments and targeted sectors. EU-level policies tend to complement Member States actions by providing long-term strategies and addressing sectors with limited national-level initiatives.
{"title":"What, how and where: an assessment of multi-level European climate mitigation policies","authors":"Margherita Bellanca","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00200-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00200-7","url":null,"abstract":"The European Green Deal’s goal of making Europe the first climate-neutral continent by 2050 requires an adequate mix of policies. This paper analyses three decades of climate policy from a historical perspective to provide insights into the multi-level policy framework within the EU and its Member States. Based on the Climate Policy Dataset, the paper develops an assessment guided by three key perspectives: policy density, sectoral focus, and policy instruments. Two new indexes are proposed for policy evaluation: the emissions coverage indicator, which assesses the sectoral application of policies, and the Policy Mix Thickness Index, which measures the complexity of the policy packages in terms of instruments employed. The results indicate that different strategies have been adopted at the EU and national levels in terms of policy instruments and targeted sectors. EU-level policies tend to complement Member States actions by providing long-term strategies and addressing sectors with limited national-level initiatives.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00200-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-21DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00204-3
Lindsay Cole, Laura Kozak
As the global reckoning with a changing climate increases in urgency, and the real-world consequences of delayed and inadequate action become impossible to ignore, city leadership continues to grow in response. Cities are making significant shifts in policy and regulation, investing in infrastructure, building strong cross-sectoral collaborations, experimenting with solutions, advocating for changes outside their jurisdiction, and taking other important actions. Alongside these activities is a growing critique that climate action is not adequately integrating principles and goals of justice, equity, inclusion, or decoloniality. In this article we argue that transformative learning is an underutilized theory and practice when working toward city-based just climate action. We describe transformative learning approaches and implications in running a Climate Justice Field School in Vancouver, Canada, a response to implementing the first ever Climate Justice Charter for the city. This work resulted in five transformative learning interventions for urban climate researchers and practitioners to engage with as they move toward just, equitable, inclusive, decolonial climate action.
{"title":"Shifting and sharing power in urban climate justice work: experiments in transformative learning in Vancouver, Canada","authors":"Lindsay Cole, Laura Kozak","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00204-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00204-3","url":null,"abstract":"As the global reckoning with a changing climate increases in urgency, and the real-world consequences of delayed and inadequate action become impossible to ignore, city leadership continues to grow in response. Cities are making significant shifts in policy and regulation, investing in infrastructure, building strong cross-sectoral collaborations, experimenting with solutions, advocating for changes outside their jurisdiction, and taking other important actions. Alongside these activities is a growing critique that climate action is not adequately integrating principles and goals of justice, equity, inclusion, or decoloniality. In this article we argue that transformative learning is an underutilized theory and practice when working toward city-based just climate action. We describe transformative learning approaches and implications in running a Climate Justice Field School in Vancouver, Canada, a response to implementing the first ever Climate Justice Charter for the city. This work resulted in five transformative learning interventions for urban climate researchers and practitioners to engage with as they move toward just, equitable, inclusive, decolonial climate action.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00204-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-21DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00202-5
Daniel Richards, David Worden
Climate change decision making is complex and subject to attempted influence from actors with diverse agendas. Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) technologies are emerging as new tools in influencing public discourses and decisions, which will increasingly be applied to climate change issues. We define a typology of influence of climate decisions by GenAI, present example cases, and highlight urgent research needs in this field.
{"title":"Applications of generative artificial intelligence to influence climate change decisions","authors":"Daniel Richards, David Worden","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00202-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00202-5","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change decision making is complex and subject to attempted influence from actors with diverse agendas. Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) technologies are emerging as new tools in influencing public discourses and decisions, which will increasingly be applied to climate change issues. We define a typology of influence of climate decisions by GenAI, present example cases, and highlight urgent research needs in this field.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00202-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00201-6
Camilla Nielsen-Englyst, Quentin Gausset
{"title":"Author Correction: From countercultural ecovillages to mainstream green neighbourhoods—a view on current trends in Denmark","authors":"Camilla Nielsen-Englyst, Quentin Gausset","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00201-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00201-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00201-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142826495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-05DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00180-8
L. Holmes McHugh, M. Carmen Lemos, C. Margules, M. L. Barnes, A. Song, T. H. Morrison
There is increasing agreement among Australian policymakers and stakeholders that climate change is the biggest problem facing the Great Barrier Reef. However, little is known about whether this convergence shapes perspectives on solutions. To understand different actor perspectives on climate solutions for the Great Barrier Reef, we applied a ‘problem-solution’ framework employing Q-methodology to guide in-depth interviews with engaged actors. We found that despite growing convergence over the problem, significant divergence over the solutions remains. We identified six generalised perspectives on climate solutions ranging from technology-led adaptation at one end of the spectrum to radical climate transitions at the other. We found that support for market-led, regionally-led, and radical climate transitions represents a new shift toward transformational policy solutions beyond the conventional bounds of GBR governance. However, the multiple divergent perspectives suggest that more reflexive learning is required to effectively govern this critical ecosystem into the future.
{"title":"Divergence over solutions to adapt or transform Australia’s Great Barrier Reef","authors":"L. Holmes McHugh, M. Carmen Lemos, C. Margules, M. L. Barnes, A. Song, T. H. Morrison","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00180-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00180-8","url":null,"abstract":"There is increasing agreement among Australian policymakers and stakeholders that climate change is the biggest problem facing the Great Barrier Reef. However, little is known about whether this convergence shapes perspectives on solutions. To understand different actor perspectives on climate solutions for the Great Barrier Reef, we applied a ‘problem-solution’ framework employing Q-methodology to guide in-depth interviews with engaged actors. We found that despite growing convergence over the problem, significant divergence over the solutions remains. We identified six generalised perspectives on climate solutions ranging from technology-led adaptation at one end of the spectrum to radical climate transitions at the other. We found that support for market-led, regionally-led, and radical climate transitions represents a new shift toward transformational policy solutions beyond the conventional bounds of GBR governance. However, the multiple divergent perspectives suggest that more reflexive learning is required to effectively govern this critical ecosystem into the future.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00180-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00189-z
Mareike Andert, Melanie Nagel
The mobility sector significantly contributes to the climate crisis, impacting several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as good health (SDG 3), sustainable cities (SDG 11), climate action (SDG 13), and life on land (SDG 15). Despite broad consensus on the need for mobility transformation, practical implementation is contentious due to diverse stakeholder interests. Tübingen, a green showcase city in Germany, exemplifies this challenge. Although ideal for green mobility, a tramway project was rejected in a referendum. This case-study highlights that mobility transition is not just a technical issue but a discourse-communicative challenge, emphasising the role of socially embedded narratives. The study aims to explain the referendum’s rejection by analysing discourses, identifying argumentation patterns, and providing insights for future projects. Using Hajer’s Discourse Coalitions approach and Discourse Network Analysis, the study found that the discourse was dynamic and polarised. The pro-tramway coalition’s communication deficiencies and the opposing coalition’s strong narrative connectivity influenced the outcome. Recommendations for effective communication strategies in future projects are provided.
{"title":"Failed mobility transition in an ideal setting and implications for building a green city","authors":"Mareike Andert, Melanie Nagel","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00189-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00189-z","url":null,"abstract":"The mobility sector significantly contributes to the climate crisis, impacting several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as good health (SDG 3), sustainable cities (SDG 11), climate action (SDG 13), and life on land (SDG 15). Despite broad consensus on the need for mobility transformation, practical implementation is contentious due to diverse stakeholder interests. Tübingen, a green showcase city in Germany, exemplifies this challenge. Although ideal for green mobility, a tramway project was rejected in a referendum. This case-study highlights that mobility transition is not just a technical issue but a discourse-communicative challenge, emphasising the role of socially embedded narratives. The study aims to explain the referendum’s rejection by analysing discourses, identifying argumentation patterns, and providing insights for future projects. Using Hajer’s Discourse Coalitions approach and Discourse Network Analysis, the study found that the discourse was dynamic and polarised. The pro-tramway coalition’s communication deficiencies and the opposing coalition’s strong narrative connectivity influenced the outcome. Recommendations for effective communication strategies in future projects are provided.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00189-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00194-2
Ajit Singh, Francis D. Pope, Jonathan Radcliffe, Carlo Luiu, Hakeem Bakare, Suzanne E. Bartington, Nana O. Bonsu, John R. Bryson, Nic Cheeseman, Heather Flowe, Stefan Krause, Karen Newbigging, Fiona Nunan, Louise Reardon, Christopher D. F. Rogers, Karen Rowlingson, Ian Thomson
Globally, climate change represents the most significant threat to the environment and socio-economic development, endangering lives and livelihoods. Within the UN’s current 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), climate action is explicitly covered under Goal 13, “to take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”. This perspective considers how to re-frame the SDGs and their successor towards mainstreaming climate action within the targets and indicators of all the development goals.
{"title":"Delivering sustainable climate action: reframing the sustainable development goals","authors":"Ajit Singh, Francis D. Pope, Jonathan Radcliffe, Carlo Luiu, Hakeem Bakare, Suzanne E. Bartington, Nana O. Bonsu, John R. Bryson, Nic Cheeseman, Heather Flowe, Stefan Krause, Karen Newbigging, Fiona Nunan, Louise Reardon, Christopher D. F. Rogers, Karen Rowlingson, Ian Thomson","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00194-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00194-2","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, climate change represents the most significant threat to the environment and socio-economic development, endangering lives and livelihoods. Within the UN’s current 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), climate action is explicitly covered under Goal 13, “to take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts”. This perspective considers how to re-frame the SDGs and their successor towards mainstreaming climate action within the targets and indicators of all the development goals.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00194-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00198-y
Ben C. Howard, Cynthia A. Awuni, Samuel Agyei-Mensah, Lee D. Bryant, Alexandra M. Collins, Sandow Mark Yidana, Gerald A. B. Yiran, Wouter Buytaert
Adaptation is essential to mitigate the effects of climate change, such as increasing flood risk. In response to widespread maladaptation, citizen-led approaches are increasingly championed, whereby people on the frontline of climate change determine their own objectives and strategies of adaptation. Enabling equitable and effective citizen-led adaptation requires an understanding of the barriers for different groups of people but this is currently lacking, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Using responses to a co-produced household survey (n = 286) in Tamale, Ghana, we show that barriers to citizen-led adaptation interventions (n = 11) differ between households which we relate to important components of adaptive capacity. Overall, awareness, education, and networks are the most important barriers, but resources and time are important for poor households of fewer members. Barriers also differ between interventions and overall structural interventions are preferred over behavioural. This work can inform policies and actions to support effective and equitable citizen-led adaptation.
{"title":"Household-specific barriers to citizen-led flood risk adaptation","authors":"Ben C. Howard, Cynthia A. Awuni, Samuel Agyei-Mensah, Lee D. Bryant, Alexandra M. Collins, Sandow Mark Yidana, Gerald A. B. Yiran, Wouter Buytaert","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00198-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00198-y","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptation is essential to mitigate the effects of climate change, such as increasing flood risk. In response to widespread maladaptation, citizen-led approaches are increasingly championed, whereby people on the frontline of climate change determine their own objectives and strategies of adaptation. Enabling equitable and effective citizen-led adaptation requires an understanding of the barriers for different groups of people but this is currently lacking, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Using responses to a co-produced household survey (n = 286) in Tamale, Ghana, we show that barriers to citizen-led adaptation interventions (n = 11) differ between households which we relate to important components of adaptive capacity. Overall, awareness, education, and networks are the most important barriers, but resources and time are important for poor households of fewer members. Barriers also differ between interventions and overall structural interventions are preferred over behavioural. This work can inform policies and actions to support effective and equitable citizen-led adaptation.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00198-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00199-x
Farah Mohammadzadeh Valencia, Cornelia Mohren, Anjali Ramakrishnan, Marlene Merchert, Jan C. Minx, Jan Christoph Steckel
{"title":"Author Correction: Public support for carbon pricing policies and revenue recycling options: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the survey literature","authors":"Farah Mohammadzadeh Valencia, Cornelia Mohren, Anjali Ramakrishnan, Marlene Merchert, Jan C. Minx, Jan Christoph Steckel","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00199-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00199-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00199-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1038/s44168-024-00197-z
Jan Petzold, Matthias Garschagen, Shankar Deshpande, Ravinder Dhiman, Deepal Doshi, Antje Katzschner, Alexandre Pereira Santos, D. Parthasarathy
Populations in many coastal urban areas are increasingly exposed to climate-related hazards. At the same time, the number of people residing in coastal cities is growing, and, especially in the Global South, these cities are characterised by rapid urbanisation and social inequality. However, the progress of adaptation is lagging, and there is a limited understanding of how future socioeconomic urban developments will affect cities’ social vulnerability and challenges to adaptation. We use the case study of Mumbai to apply a participatory scenario approach, in which we downscale the global Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) narratives to the local level. Our results stress the relevance of addressing social inequality in urban change processes across different sectors, including labour, housing, transport, and health and streamlining urban planning across different governance scales. Our study lays the ground for integrated modelling of future vulnerability and exposure scenarios and the development of local adaptation pathways.
{"title":"Identifying future challenges for climate change adaptation through insights from participatory scenario-downscaling in Mumbai","authors":"Jan Petzold, Matthias Garschagen, Shankar Deshpande, Ravinder Dhiman, Deepal Doshi, Antje Katzschner, Alexandre Pereira Santos, D. Parthasarathy","doi":"10.1038/s44168-024-00197-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44168-024-00197-z","url":null,"abstract":"Populations in many coastal urban areas are increasingly exposed to climate-related hazards. At the same time, the number of people residing in coastal cities is growing, and, especially in the Global South, these cities are characterised by rapid urbanisation and social inequality. However, the progress of adaptation is lagging, and there is a limited understanding of how future socioeconomic urban developments will affect cities’ social vulnerability and challenges to adaptation. We use the case study of Mumbai to apply a participatory scenario approach, in which we downscale the global Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) narratives to the local level. Our results stress the relevance of addressing social inequality in urban change processes across different sectors, including labour, housing, transport, and health and streamlining urban planning across different governance scales. Our study lays the ground for integrated modelling of future vulnerability and exposure scenarios and the development of local adaptation pathways.","PeriodicalId":186004,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate Action","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44168-024-00197-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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