A 73-year-old obese individual was diagnosed with an acute COVID-19 infection. The patient’s condition improved, but six months later a new deterioration ensued. Following the appearance of pancytopenia, plasmacytosis involved the peripheral blood (35%), as well as the bone marrow (31%), disclosing an osteoclastic pattern. An encephalitis which prevailed at that stage was of the limbic type. It displayed anti-GABA B-antibodies. Therefore, the condition being neither an infection, nor a metabolic disorder, nor a vascular lesion, is most consistent with an autoimmune reaction. The clinical features were consistent with a plasma cell myeloma, associated with a paraneoplastic syndrome. The diagnosis favored the POEMS syndrome, even though a few criteria were missing. It was sustained by a fluid collection surrounding an enlarged spleen, as well as filling up both pleural gutters. This POEMS case was related with COVID-19, both via the original acute episode, as well as with a late possible subacute COVID-19 pulmonary disorder, assessed by extensive radiologic ground glass changes. In this instance, the patient developed hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency and he died of respiratory failure, in addition to due to the plasma cell leukemia. Thus, we have reported the simultaneous occurrence of a POEMS syndrome, induced by a plasma cell leukemia, and confounded by a pulmonary COVID-19, perhaps with long COVID features.
{"title":"Plasma cell leukemia occurring six months after covid-19 is associated with a paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis","authors":"O. Rouvio, I. Levi, D. Benharroch","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.12.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.12.06","url":null,"abstract":"A 73-year-old obese individual was diagnosed with an acute COVID-19 infection. The patient’s condition improved, but six months later a new deterioration ensued. Following the appearance of pancytopenia, plasmacytosis involved the peripheral blood (35%), as well as the bone marrow (31%), disclosing an osteoclastic pattern. An encephalitis which prevailed at that stage was of the limbic type. It displayed anti-GABA B-antibodies. Therefore, the condition being neither an infection, nor a metabolic disorder, nor a vascular lesion, is most consistent with an autoimmune reaction. The clinical features were consistent with a plasma cell myeloma, associated with a paraneoplastic syndrome. The diagnosis favored the POEMS syndrome, even though a few criteria were missing. It was sustained by a fluid collection surrounding an enlarged spleen, as well as filling up both pleural gutters. This POEMS case was related with COVID-19, both via the original acute episode, as well as with a late possible subacute COVID-19 pulmonary disorder, assessed by extensive radiologic ground glass changes. In this instance, the patient developed hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency and he died of respiratory failure, in addition to due to the plasma cell leukemia. Thus, we have reported the simultaneous occurrence of a POEMS syndrome, induced by a plasma cell leukemia, and confounded by a pulmonary COVID-19, perhaps with long COVID features.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125531502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Everyone experiences various feelings according to the information gathered daily. Good news relaxes, increases satisfaction, and delights people; bad news disturbs human equilibrium, and unskilful delivery of such info can lead to disaster in a vulnerable person. Aim: Reveal the effects of the inappropriate transfer of lousy news on vulnerable people. Material & Method: Qualitative study performed by the author in the community, 2008-2022, relating to the significance of communication for the individual health. The people interaction effects were registered and corrected when and where necessary and preventive actions were initiated. Findings: One day, in the evening of autumn 2020, a patient, 71, was informed by a panicked family member about the car accident of her son. Immediately she presented headaches and difficulty of speaking and walking. Patient’s Medical History: Obesity, 2004-2011; overweight from 2011; DZII, 2010; HTA, 2010. Patient’s Family Health History: Mother: suicide, 1971.
{"title":"Unskilled delivery of bad news leads to brain haemorrhage in vulnerable people","authors":"Sofica Bistriceanu","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.12.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.12.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Everyone experiences various feelings according to the information gathered daily. Good news relaxes, increases satisfaction, and delights people; bad news disturbs human equilibrium, and unskilful delivery of such info can lead to disaster in a vulnerable person. Aim: Reveal the effects of the inappropriate transfer of lousy news on vulnerable people. Material & Method: Qualitative study performed by the author in the community, 2008-2022, relating to the significance of communication for the individual health. The people interaction effects were registered and corrected when and where necessary and preventive actions were initiated. Findings: One day, in the evening of autumn 2020, a patient, 71, was informed by a panicked family member about the car accident of her son. Immediately she presented headaches and difficulty of speaking and walking. Patient’s Medical History: Obesity, 2004-2011; overweight from 2011; DZII, 2010; HTA, 2010. Patient’s Family Health History: Mother: suicide, 1971.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123764670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SAPHO syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease, people to its understanding is not very clear, but the study found that the actual prevalence is not low, as previously reported data show, so that for the disease of clinical misdiagnosis of misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis of the situation is very serious In this review, we summarized the diagnosis and treatment status and research progress of SAPHO syndrome, so as to help medical workers better identify and treat SAPHO syndrome in clinical practice.
{"title":"SAPHO syndrome: meet you treat you","authors":"Biliang Qin, L. Bo","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.12.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.12.03","url":null,"abstract":"SAPHO syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease, people to its understanding is not very clear, but the study found that the actual prevalence is not low, as previously reported data show, so that for the disease of clinical misdiagnosis of misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis of the situation is very serious In this review, we summarized the diagnosis and treatment status and research progress of SAPHO syndrome, so as to help medical workers better identify and treat SAPHO syndrome in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121787563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This article is aimed at demonstrating the effectiveness of electroacupuncture in treating Long COVID brain fog in 57 cases in Eastern Canada. Method: 57 patients (mean age 37, range 25-55 years, 56% female, 44% male), suffering from brain fog after a COVID-19 infection were treated with electroacupuncture using the acupoints DU20 (Baihui), DU24 (Shenting) and EX-HN1 (Sishencong), and the duration of each session was 30 minutes. The frequency of treatment was three times a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Results: After a 12-treatment course for each of the 57 patients, 48 cases were clinically cured, and 9 cases were ineffective. The rate of overall effectiveness was 84.2%. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture improved memory, concentration and attention; restored healthy function of the brain, liver, kidneys and spleen; and improved the patients’ physical condition and quality of life.
{"title":"Effectiveness of electroacupuncture for the treatment of long covid brain fog","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.045","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article is aimed at demonstrating the effectiveness of electroacupuncture in treating Long COVID brain fog in 57 cases in Eastern Canada. Method: 57 patients (mean age 37, range 25-55 years, 56% female, 44% male), suffering from brain fog after a COVID-19 infection were treated with electroacupuncture using the acupoints DU20 (Baihui), DU24 (Shenting) and EX-HN1 (Sishencong), and the duration of each session was 30 minutes. The frequency of treatment was three times a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Results: After a 12-treatment course for each of the 57 patients, 48 cases were clinically cured, and 9 cases were ineffective. The rate of overall effectiveness was 84.2%. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture improved memory, concentration and attention; restored healthy function of the brain, liver, kidneys and spleen; and improved the patients’ physical condition and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128978944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using previous twins study methods, it is thought that assessments of a given level may certainly be derived by analysis of similarity. However, there is the drawback that analysis cannot be done without a large population of twin pairs. In this study, author attempted the combined use of WIM and cross correlation function as a method that can evaluate similarity even in small populations of twin pairs. An evaluation chart was constructed for similarity from cross correlation function statistics with random pairs in the height growth of general boys, and from that chart a cross correlation function, r of 0.9 or higher, became a standard indicating high similarity. When cross correlation functions for height growth in monozygotic and dizygotic twins are applied to this evaluation chart, the correlation in monozygotic twins is high and that in dizygotic twins is somewhat high. Higher similarity is thus seen in monozygotic twins.
{"title":"Establishment of a measurement system for similarity and dissimilarity of twins","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.11.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.11.04","url":null,"abstract":"Using previous twins study methods, it is thought that assessments of a given level may certainly be derived by analysis of similarity. However, there is the drawback that analysis cannot be done without a large population of twin pairs. In this study, author attempted the combined use of WIM and cross correlation function as a method that can evaluate similarity even in small populations of twin pairs. An evaluation chart was constructed for similarity from cross correlation function statistics with random pairs in the height growth of general boys, and from that chart a cross correlation function, r of 0.9 or higher, became a standard indicating high similarity. When cross correlation functions for height growth in monozygotic and dizygotic twins are applied to this evaluation chart, the correlation in monozygotic twins is high and that in dizygotic twins is somewhat high. Higher similarity is thus seen in monozygotic twins.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124375946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article and memorandum, authors are presenting a short review of acupuncture as a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as driving factor and as a Complementary and Alternative Medical (CAM) therapy as a noninvasive treatment of depression by influencing QI as vital energy that circulates through the body all time. This therapy or treatment in general, is involves inserting thin needles into the skin of patient at very specific points on the body to stimulate the central nervous system. Practitioners of acupuncture technique are firmly ae believing that a QI deficiency is linked to spleen and that rest and eating certain foods can treat the imbalance. According to TCM, QI energy is an invisible energy that is a vital energy, which determines a person’s health and it flows through a network of 12 major energy meridians or pathways. The authors in this short review are investigating how acupuncture can influence this invisible energy in support of balancing neutrons and perceptrons waves within brain by synchronizing them, which enhance and improves reduction of depression within a patient as a noninvasive approach.
{"title":"Acupuncture driven depression treatment: a noninvasive approach with acupuncture and oriental medication","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.11.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.11.02","url":null,"abstract":"In this article and memorandum, authors are presenting a short review of acupuncture as a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as driving factor and as a Complementary and Alternative Medical (CAM) therapy as a noninvasive treatment of depression by influencing QI as vital energy that circulates through the body all time. This therapy or treatment in general, is involves inserting thin needles into the skin of patient at very specific points on the body to stimulate the central nervous system. Practitioners of acupuncture technique are firmly ae believing that a QI deficiency is linked to spleen and that rest and eating certain foods can treat the imbalance. According to TCM, QI energy is an invisible energy that is a vital energy, which determines a person’s health and it flows through a network of 12 major energy meridians or pathways. The authors in this short review are investigating how acupuncture can influence this invisible energy in support of balancing neutrons and perceptrons waves within brain by synchronizing them, which enhance and improves reduction of depression within a patient as a noninvasive approach.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"918 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123279762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To explore whether age impacts on multidisciplinary team (MDT) access and/or decision-making for patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) in a regional setting. Methods: A retrospective audit of factors (identified from a systematic literature review) that impact on the CRC MDT. Data collected included non-identifying demographics, CRC stage, MDT referral outcomes and other treatment decision-making variables. Setting and participants: All patients with a CRC diagnosis (2010-2019) admitted to a single regional public hospital (n=449) in South Australia. Main outcomes measures: Key study factors were compared for younger (<75 years) and older age (>=75 years) at diagnosis. Results: For eligible patients (n=335), 87% of patients were referred to a MDT, with no difference between older (84%) and younger (89%) patients (n=335, p=0.343). However, for patients with advanced CRC (Stage III-IV), older patients were less likely to be referred to MDT (87% vs 96%) (n=164, p=0.045). Age-related MDT referral difference was also observed for patients with more complex disease (advanced stage plus comorbidities) (85% older vs 97% younger) (n=113), p=0.049). Although MDT adjuvant therapy recommendations were less likely for older patients with complex disease, there was no difference between older and younger patients without comorbidities (53% vs 57%, respectively) (n=61), p=1.000). Conclusions: Age did not appear to predict MDT access, but age-related disparities were evident for patients with advanced CRC +/- comorbidities. These findings might partly account for evidence of slower rates of CRC survival increases for older compared to younger patients.
{"title":"The impact of age on multi-disciplinary team access and decision-making for patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer: a single regional hospital experience","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.11.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.11.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore whether age impacts on multidisciplinary team (MDT) access and/or decision-making for patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) in a regional setting. Methods: A retrospective audit of factors (identified from a systematic literature review) that impact on the CRC MDT. Data collected included non-identifying demographics, CRC stage, MDT referral outcomes and other treatment decision-making variables. Setting and participants: All patients with a CRC diagnosis (2010-2019) admitted to a single regional public hospital (n=449) in South Australia. Main outcomes measures: Key study factors were compared for younger (<75 years) and older age (>=75 years) at diagnosis. Results: For eligible patients (n=335), 87% of patients were referred to a MDT, with no difference between older (84%) and younger (89%) patients (n=335, p=0.343). However, for patients with advanced CRC (Stage III-IV), older patients were less likely to be referred to MDT (87% vs 96%) (n=164, p=0.045). Age-related MDT referral difference was also observed for patients with more complex disease (advanced stage plus comorbidities) (85% older vs 97% younger) (n=113), p=0.049). Although MDT adjuvant therapy recommendations were less likely for older patients with complex disease, there was no difference between older and younger patients without comorbidities (53% vs 57%, respectively) (n=61), p=1.000). Conclusions: Age did not appear to predict MDT access, but age-related disparities were evident for patients with advanced CRC +/- comorbidities. These findings might partly account for evidence of slower rates of CRC survival increases for older compared to younger patients.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127352449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain metastases in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck are extremely rare. More rarely late leptomenengeal metastases (LMMs) manifested after 10 years of laryngeal carcinoma complex treatment are diagnosed. We present a patient with a local advanced well-differentiated laryngeal carcinoma (LC) without metastases in the cervical lymph nodes/pT4 N0 M0 (G1), which was treated in 2011 by total laryngectomy and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). After 10 years, against the background of the laryngeal tumor control, two brain metastases (BMs) occur, followed by leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC). Against the background of this rare clinical case and literary review, we focus on the necessary radiotherapy in late BMs, followed by leptomengial carcinomatosis. The prognosis for such distant brain incidents is extremely unfavorable. In a small number of late BMs near the ventricles, the prevention of LMC requires a whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), followed by overdose by IMRT or radiosurgery (RS). Due to the rare cases of late cerebral and leptomenengeal metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), there are still no prospective studies to determine optimal complex treatment.
{"title":"A rare late leptomeningal carcinomatosis from a local advanced squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma after a long-time locoregional tumor control: case report and literature review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.11.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.11.05","url":null,"abstract":"Brain metastases in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck are extremely rare. More rarely late leptomenengeal metastases (LMMs) manifested after 10 years of laryngeal carcinoma complex treatment are diagnosed. We present a patient with a local advanced well-differentiated laryngeal carcinoma (LC) without metastases in the cervical lymph nodes/pT4 N0 M0 (G1), which was treated in 2011 by total laryngectomy and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). After 10 years, against the background of the laryngeal tumor control, two brain metastases (BMs) occur, followed by leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC). Against the background of this rare clinical case and literary review, we focus on the necessary radiotherapy in late BMs, followed by leptomengial carcinomatosis. The prognosis for such distant brain incidents is extremely unfavorable. In a small number of late BMs near the ventricles, the prevention of LMC requires a whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), followed by overdose by IMRT or radiosurgery (RS). Due to the rare cases of late cerebral and leptomenengeal metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), there are still no prospective studies to determine optimal complex treatment.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132745745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective：To study the effect of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of lower limb varicose veins using a 1470 nm diode ring laser with ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS), also known as echosclerotherapy. Methods：From January 2020 to December 2022, 236 patients with primary lower limb varicose veins were enrolled in the study. All patients were treated with 1470 nm diode ring laser with echosclerotherapy in our center. Under tumescent anesthesia, venipuncture of the great saphenous vein (GSV) trunk was performed, followed by 1470 nm laser therapy (80-100J/10W). Before the procedure, 1% polidocanol foam was injected into the insufficient collateral veins extending from the main trunk of the GSV. During the 3days after surgery, self-adhesive elastic bandage was used for compression therapy. After 3 days of surgery, grade II compression stockings was used for 1 month. All patients underwent a follow-up duplex Doppler ultrasound 1, 30 days after the procedure. Hospital stay time, postoperative pain, GSV occlusion rate, recurrence rateand complications, such as ecchymosis, edema, paresthesia and endovenous heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT). Results: Four patients were lost to follow up. The average hospitalization time was 2.8 days, the average admission time after operation was 1-2 days. The average operating time was 45.79 ± 8.57min. At the one month follow up all treated GSV remained occluded. There were 2 patients were treated with echosclerotherapy in outpatient because of new reflux in the treated collateral veins. Seventy-five percent of patients did not have any pain after the treatment and ninety-one point eight percent of ones did not take any analgesic tablets at any time after the procedure. No severe complications such as deep venous thrombosis could be detected. And there was no patient developed EHIT after treatment. Minor complications were ecchymosis at 15.1%, edema at 44.8%, and paresthesia around ankle at 0, respectively. All patients expressed satisfaction with the operative curative effects and cosmetic effects. Conclusion: EVLA with 1470-nm diode ring laser with echosclerotherapy in lower limb varicose veins is comfortable with less incision, hospitalization procedure and is a safe and efficient treatment option.
{"title":"Preliminary experience with a 1470 nm diode ring laser with echosclerotherapy in lower limb varicose veins","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.11.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.11.01","url":null,"abstract":"Objective：To study the effect of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of lower limb varicose veins using a 1470 nm diode ring laser with ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS), also known as echosclerotherapy. Methods：From January 2020 to December 2022, 236 patients with primary lower limb varicose veins were enrolled in the study. All patients were treated with 1470 nm diode ring laser with echosclerotherapy in our center. Under tumescent anesthesia, venipuncture of the great saphenous vein (GSV) trunk was performed, followed by 1470 nm laser therapy (80-100J/10W). Before the procedure, 1% polidocanol foam was injected into the insufficient collateral veins extending from the main trunk of the GSV. During the 3days after surgery, self-adhesive elastic bandage was used for compression therapy. After 3 days of surgery, grade II compression stockings was used for 1 month. All patients underwent a follow-up duplex Doppler ultrasound 1, 30 days after the procedure. Hospital stay time, postoperative pain, GSV occlusion rate, recurrence rateand complications, such as ecchymosis, edema, paresthesia and endovenous heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT). Results: Four patients were lost to follow up. The average hospitalization time was 2.8 days, the average admission time after operation was 1-2 days. The average operating time was 45.79 ± 8.57min. At the one month follow up all treated GSV remained occluded. There were 2 patients were treated with echosclerotherapy in outpatient because of new reflux in the treated collateral veins. Seventy-five percent of patients did not have any pain after the treatment and ninety-one point eight percent of ones did not take any analgesic tablets at any time after the procedure. No severe complications such as deep venous thrombosis could be detected. And there was no patient developed EHIT after treatment. Minor complications were ecchymosis at 15.1%, edema at 44.8%, and paresthesia around ankle at 0, respectively. All patients expressed satisfaction with the operative curative effects and cosmetic effects. Conclusion: EVLA with 1470-nm diode ring laser with echosclerotherapy in lower limb varicose veins is comfortable with less incision, hospitalization procedure and is a safe and efficient treatment option.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129681796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ELISA testing for detection of possible borrelia related antibodies in serum is an “Indirect” and antibody dependent technology because it seeks to identify the host antibody-dependent immune responses (free antibodies in serum) to past borrelia infections. Microscopic visualization of the actual borrelia spirochetes in blood or in tissue biopsies is a “direct” and antibody independent technology which is superior to “indirect” antibody dependent ELISA testing methods because it proves cases in which borrelia infection is ongoing, current, and unambiguous. Herein is a research study from thirty patients with ELISA negative serologies and whose physician-diagnosed symptom complexes were compatible with a status of “at risk for persistent/chronic Seronegative Lyme borreliosis”. Monoclonal antibody confirmed borrelia individual spirochetes and borrelia biofilms in whole blood in the 30 ELISA seronegative patients in the study group of volunteers. All patient smears were subsequently analyzed with a Coombs reagent (rabbit species antiglobulins to human IgG) optimized for diagnostic use in hospital blood banks to detect naturally produced human immunoglobulins in the bloodstream. Duplicate examination of whole blood smears with the two reagents above confirmed a group of Lyme ELISA seronegative patients whose whole blood smears contained antibody coated borrelia spirochetes of the Bbss and BBsl Burgdorferi groups. Spirochete-bound antibodies from whole blood examination identify “solid phase on the bodies of spirochetes “antibody deposits which are absent in dilute serum separated from clotted whole blood. “Antibody cloaked spirochetes in whole blood” represent patient Lyme borreliosis immune responses to infection which are overlooked in current blood serum only ELISA Lyme tests.
{"title":"Lyme ELISA seronegative patients with borrelia antibody coated borrelia microbes in their blood","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/mcr.07.10.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/mcr.07.10.08","url":null,"abstract":"ELISA testing for detection of possible borrelia related antibodies in serum is an “Indirect” and antibody dependent technology because it seeks to identify the host antibody-dependent immune responses (free antibodies in serum) to past borrelia infections. Microscopic visualization of the actual borrelia spirochetes in blood or in tissue biopsies is a “direct” and antibody independent technology which is superior to “indirect” antibody dependent ELISA testing methods because it proves cases in which borrelia infection is ongoing, current, and unambiguous. Herein is a research study from thirty patients with ELISA negative serologies and whose physician-diagnosed symptom complexes were compatible with a status of “at risk for persistent/chronic Seronegative Lyme borreliosis”. Monoclonal antibody confirmed borrelia individual spirochetes and borrelia biofilms in whole blood in the 30 ELISA seronegative patients in the study group of volunteers. All patient smears were subsequently analyzed with a Coombs reagent (rabbit species antiglobulins to human IgG) optimized for diagnostic use in hospital blood banks to detect naturally produced human immunoglobulins in the bloodstream. Duplicate examination of whole blood smears with the two reagents above confirmed a group of Lyme ELISA seronegative patients whose whole blood smears contained antibody coated borrelia spirochetes of the Bbss and BBsl Burgdorferi groups. Spirochete-bound antibodies from whole blood examination identify “solid phase on the bodies of spirochetes “antibody deposits which are absent in dilute serum separated from clotted whole blood. “Antibody cloaked spirochetes in whole blood” represent patient Lyme borreliosis immune responses to infection which are overlooked in current blood serum only ELISA Lyme tests.","PeriodicalId":186238,"journal":{"name":"Medical & Clinical Research","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122690882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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