University sport was less developed in Italy than in other European countries in the first decades of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, in April 1922, students from the University of Rome organised a national multi-sport event, which they called the Olimpiadi Universitarie (University Olympic Games). Many eminent figures of the ruling class supported the initiative and thousands of undergraduates participated in the competitions. The Olimpiadi Universitarie also had an important international impact and facilitated the establishment of the International University Games, which were held from 1924 to 1939. The Olimpiadi Universitarie were based on a patriotic-educational concept of sport and played a significant role in spreading physical activities in Italian universities. Additionally, they promoted the idea of sport that in the following years would be accepted by the Fascist regime. The regime developed university sport enormously, but replaced the autonomous initiative of students with control from above.
{"title":"The Italian Olimpiadi Universitarie of 1922: at the origins of the Fascist ideology of sport","authors":"E. Fonzo","doi":"10.1017/mit.2023.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2023.38","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 University sport was less developed in Italy than in other European countries in the first decades of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, in April 1922, students from the University of Rome organised a national multi-sport event, which they called the Olimpiadi Universitarie (University Olympic Games). Many eminent figures of the ruling class supported the initiative and thousands of undergraduates participated in the competitions. The Olimpiadi Universitarie also had an important international impact and facilitated the establishment of the International University Games, which were held from 1924 to 1939. The Olimpiadi Universitarie were based on a patriotic-educational concept of sport and played a significant role in spreading physical activities in Italian universities. Additionally, they promoted the idea of sport that in the following years would be accepted by the Fascist regime. The regime developed university sport enormously, but replaced the autonomous initiative of students with control from above.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46371311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Holy War: The Untold Story of Catholic Italy's Crusade Against the Ethiopian Orthodox Church by Ian Campbell, London, Hurst, 2021, xxxi + 449 pp., £30 (hardback), ISBN 9781787384774","authors":"Angelo Matteo Caglioti","doi":"10.1017/mit.2023.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2023.37","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49304137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Italian Literature of the Axis War: Memories of Self-Absolution and the Quest for Responsibility by Guido Bartolini, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, xii + 263 pp., £74.99 (hardback), ISBN 9783030631802","authors":"Fabio Simonetti","doi":"10.1017/mit.2023.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2023.35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43464065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The figure of the leader, far from a relic of twentieth-century dictatorship, still looms large in the contemporary imagination. The politics of personality are most evident in the current crop of authoritarians, like Donald Trump, Recep Tayyip Erdo ğ an, and Vladimir Putin, but are equally essential to the appeal of liberal democrats like Barack Obama, Emmanuel Macron, and Justin Trudeau. The Political Portrait: Leadership, Image and Power , edited by Luciano Cheles and Alessandro Giacone, offers a useful primer to the visual (re)presentation of political figures across a wide variety of historical and national contexts. These include some of the usual suspects – Mussolini, Mao, Stalin – but also less familiar faces like Engelbert Dollfuss, Harold Wilson, and Willy Brandt. While focusing on official-sanctioned portraiture, the contributions also extend to other forms of propaganda as well as caricatures and effigies.
{"title":"The Political Portrait: Leadership, Image and Power edited by Luciano Cheles and Alessandro Giacone, New York and Abingdon, Routledge, 2020, xx + 348 pp., £130 (hardback), ISBN 9781138054233; £38.99 (paperback), ISBN 9780367507480","authors":"J. Arthurs","doi":"10.1017/mit.2023.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2023.33","url":null,"abstract":"The figure of the leader, far from a relic of twentieth-century dictatorship, still looms large in the contemporary imagination. The politics of personality are most evident in the current crop of authoritarians, like Donald Trump, Recep Tayyip Erdo ğ an, and Vladimir Putin, but are equally essential to the appeal of liberal democrats like Barack Obama, Emmanuel Macron, and Justin Trudeau. The Political Portrait: Leadership, Image and Power , edited by Luciano Cheles and Alessandro Giacone, offers a useful primer to the visual (re)presentation of political figures across a wide variety of historical and national contexts. These include some of the usual suspects – Mussolini, Mao, Stalin – but also less familiar faces like Engelbert Dollfuss, Harold Wilson, and Willy Brandt. While focusing on official-sanctioned portraiture, the contributions also extend to other forms of propaganda as well as caricatures and effigies.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44380853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La ‘rivoluzione nazionale’. I nazionalisti, il fascismo e la fine dello Stato liberale (1919–1927) by Donatello Aramini, Rome, Sapienza Università Editrice, 2023, 356 pp., €26 (paperback), ISBN 9788893772587","authors":"M. Borri","doi":"10.1017/mit.2023.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2023.32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48454627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Blackshirts’ Dictatorship: Armed Squads, Political Violence, and the Consolidation of Mussolini's Regime by Matteo Millan, translated by Sergio Knipe, London and New York, Routledge, 2022, xi + 247 pp., £130.00 (hardback), ISBN 978-1-03-222446-6.","authors":"Alberto Murru","doi":"10.1017/mit.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41913472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geographies of Myth and Places of Identity: The Strait of Scylla and Charybdis in the Modern Imagination by Marco Benoît Carbone, New York, Bloomsbury, 2022, 280 pp., $103.50 (hardback), ISBN: 978-13-501-1818-8","authors":"Simona Arillotta","doi":"10.1017/mit.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45107633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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