Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal最新文献

英文中文

Optimization Of Cementitious Material Content For Sustainable Concrete Mixtures Through Value Engineering Approach 应用价值工程方法优化可持续混凝土配合比胶凝材料掺量

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-04-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3375588

A. Baghdady, Walid Sayed Abdulgalil, Ahmad Asran, I. Nosier

This paper studies the effectiveness of applying value engineering to actual concrete mixtures. The study was conducted in the State of Qatar on a number of strategic construction projects with international engineering specifications for the 2022 World Cup projects. The study examined the concrete mixtures of Doha Metro project and the development of KAHRAMAA’s (Qatar Electricity and Water Company) Abu Funtas Strategic Desalination Plant, in order to generally improve the quality and productivity of ready-mixed concrete used in construction and hydraulic projects.

The application of value engineering to such concrete mixtures resulted in the following:

• Improving the quality of concrete mixtures and increasing the durability of buildings in which they are used;

• Reducing the waste of excess materials of concrete mixture, optimizing the use of resources, and enhancing sustainability;

• Reducing the use of cement, thus reducing CO2 emissions which ensures the protection of environment and public health;

• Reducing actual costs of concrete mixtures and, in turn, reducing the costs of construction projects; and

• Increasing the market share and competitiveness of concrete producers.

This research shows that applying the methodology of value engineering to ready-mixed concrete is an effective way to save around 5% of the total cost of concrete mixtures supplied to construction and hydraulic projects, improve the quality according to the technical requirements and as per the standards and specifications for ready-mixed concrete, improve the environmental impact, and promote sustainability.

本文研究了价值工程在实际混凝土配合比中的应用效果。这项研究是在卡塔尔国对2022年世界杯项目的一些具有国际工程规范的战略建设项目进行的。该研究考察了多哈地铁项目的混凝土混合物和KAHRAMAA(卡塔尔水电公司)Abu Funtas战略海水淡化厂的发展，以普遍提高建筑和水利项目中使用的预拌混凝土的质量和生产率。价值工程对这种混凝土混合物的应用产生了以下结果:•改善混凝土混合物的质量并增加使用它们的建筑物的耐久性;•减少混凝土混合物中多余材料的浪费，优化资源利用，提高可持续性;•减少水泥的使用，从而减少二氧化碳的排放，从而确保保护环境和公众健康;•降低混凝土混合物的实际成本，从而降低建筑项目的成本;•提高混凝土生产商的市场份额和竞争力。本研究表明，将价值工程方法应用于预拌混凝土，可有效节省建筑和水利工程供应的混凝土混合料总成本的5%左右，根据技术要求和预拌混凝土的标准和规范提高质量，改善环境影响，促进可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Noise Pollution, Awareness, Prevention and Control 噪音污染，认识，预防和控制

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-04-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3374908

D. Gandhi, Atul M. Raghatate, S. Pande

Rapid growth in population, Urbanization and Industrialization in the world causes increase in noise levels leading to several adverse effects on ecology and human health. Noise annoys, distracts, disturbs, and when exposure to its sufficient, noise can cause physiological effects leading deafness. Annoyance results from the interference with sleep and with speech. Noise pollution affects the quality of the life and so can be thought of a social and economical cost. Noise reduction can be one of the components in achieving sustainability. This paper focus on realizing the several causes of noise pollution, effects of noise pollution and importance of reducing noise pollution. In the present study noise level is assessed at two locations in Wardha city and it is found that noise level exceeds the permissible limit.

世界上人口、城市化和工业化的快速增长导致噪音水平的提高，对生态和人类健康产生了一些不利影响。噪音使人烦恼、分心、不安，当暴露在足够的噪音下时，噪音会引起导致耳聋的生理影响。烦恼是由于睡眠和言语受到干扰而产生的。噪音污染影响生活质量，因此可以被认为是一种社会和经济成本。减少噪音是实现可持续发展的一个组成部分。本文着重介绍了噪声污染的几种原因、噪声污染的影响以及减少噪声污染的重要性。本研究对瓦尔达市两个地点的噪声水平进行了评价，发现噪声水平超过了允许的限值。

引用次数: 1

Numerical Investigation of Flow Control by Passive Blowing 被动吹气流动控制的数值研究

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3376788

Zakarya Laffane, Y. Boualia, Fethi Saidi, Fatima Zohra Kihel, B. Hamoudi

Identifying the performance of a free and moving hydrofoil requires extensive numerical and experimental investigations. This research topic is devoted to the study of hydrofoils used in the maritime domain. The stall of the boundary layer poses a problem of instability of the marine vehicle influencing the hydrodynamic performance, for these circumstances a method to force the attachment of these boundary layers by natural means has been proposed. In this context, a hydrofoil model was studied numerically based on a three-dimensional approach using CFD techniques for three configurations of which the first is smooth, the second with three holes and the third with seven holes from the intrados to the extrados inclined 23 ° relative to the X axis. The numerical result shows an advantageous gain in the lift force and a decrease in the drag force.

确定自由和运动水翼的性能需要大量的数值和实验研究。本课题研究的是用于海洋领域的水翼船。边界层的失速给船舶带来了不稳定问题，影响了船舶的水动力性能，针对这种情况，提出了一种用自然手段迫使船舶边界层附着的方法。在此背景下，利用CFD技术，以相对于X轴倾斜23°的内舷到外舷为切入点，对光滑、三孔和七孔三种构型的水翼模型进行了三维数值模拟。数值结果表明，升力增大，阻力减小。

引用次数: 0

Assessing Printability Maps in Additive Manufacturing of Metal Alloys 金属合金增材制造中可印刷性图的评估

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-03-23 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3358841

L. Johnson, M. Mahmoudi, Bing Zhang, R. Seede, Xueqin Huang, J. T. Maier, H. Maier, I. Karaman, A. Elwany, R. Arróyave

Abstract We propose a methodology for predicting the printability of an alloy, subject to laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing. Regions in the process space associated with keyhole formation, balling, and lack of fusion are assumed to be strong functions of the geometry of the melt pool, which in turn is calculated for various combinations of laser power and scan speed via a Finite Element thermal model that incorporates a novel vaporization-based transition from surface to volumetric heating upon keyhole formation. Process maps established from the Finite Element simulations agree with experiments for a Ni-5wt.%Nb alloy and an equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloy and suggest a strong effect of chemistry on alloy printability. The printability maps resulting from the use of the simpler Eagar-Tsai model, on the other hand, are found to be in disagreement with experiments due to the oversimplification of this approach. Uncertainties in the printability maps were quantified via Monte Carlo sampling of a multivariate Gaussian Processes surrogate model trained on simulation outputs. The printability maps generated with the proposed method can be used in the selection—and potentially the design—of alloys best suited for Additive Manufacturing.

摘要:我们提出了一种预测激光粉末床熔融增材制造合金可打印性的方法。过程空间中与钥匙孔形成、成球和熔合不足相关的区域被认为是熔池几何形状的强函数，然后通过一个有限元热模型计算激光功率和扫描速度的各种组合，该模型在钥匙孔形成时包含了一种新的基于蒸发的从表面加热到体积加热的转变。有限元模拟建立的工艺图与Ni-5wt的实验结果一致。%Nb合金和等原子CoCrFeMnNi高熵合金，表明化学对合金的可印刷性有很强的影响。另一方面，使用更简单的Eagar-Tsai模型得到的可印刷性图，由于这种方法的过度简化，被发现与实验不一致。打印性图中的不确定性通过蒙特卡罗采样对模拟输出训练的多元高斯过程代理模型进行量化。用所提出的方法生成的可打印性图可用于最适合增材制造的合金的选择和潜在的设计。

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引用次数: 136

Determination of Mechanical Properties of Mortar by Using Fine Crushed Glass (FCG) and Waste Rubber (WR) 用细碎玻璃(FCG)和废橡胶(WR)测定砂浆力学性能

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3353639

H. Jain, Vijay Kumar Baradiya

Concrete contain more amount of cement which will release more CO2 and effects the environment, therefore to reduce the amount of cement in a concrete one should have approach towards replacement of cement with other waste and cost effective material such as glass. Since waste glass is not biodegradable and therefore alternative usage of it is required. Such can be used as coarse aggregate and substitute of cement constituents in concrete and mortar. Also disposal of waste glass into landfills is one of the major issues that have been come across. This study aims on reducing such problems by the usage of waste glass as one of the replacing material in cement mortar. The pozzolanic activity of glass powder and properties of glass powder blended cement were evaluated. Also the mechanical and chemical properties of such blended mortar has been evaluated. The cement is replaced 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by glass powder content by weight of cement. The test results shows that on adding the optimum amount of waste glass the compressive strength of mortar has been increased. Also at 5% replacement of cement with waste glass powder gives the best proportion to increase compressive strength and reduce the cost of conventional mortar.

混凝土含有更多的水泥，会释放更多的二氧化碳，影响环境，因此，为了减少混凝土中的水泥量，我们应该用其他废物和成本效益高的材料(如玻璃)来代替水泥。由于废玻璃不可生物降解，因此需要替代使用。可在混凝土和砂浆中用作粗骨料和水泥成分的替代品。此外，将废玻璃处理到垃圾填埋场也是遇到的主要问题之一。本研究旨在通过利用废玻璃作为水泥砂浆的替代材料之一来减少这些问题。对玻璃粉的火山灰活性和玻璃粉水泥的性能进行了评价。并对混合砂浆的力学性能和化学性能进行了评价。水泥用玻璃粉含量按水泥重量计代替0%、5%、10%、15%、20%的水泥。试验结果表明，加入适量的废玻璃后，砂浆的抗压强度有所提高。废玻璃粉替代水泥用量为5%时，提高砂浆抗压强度、降低砂浆成本的比例最佳。

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引用次数: 0

Empirical Thresholding and Feature Extraction Based Back Propagation - Artificial Neural Network Model for Fruit Grade 基于经验阈值和特征提取的反向传播-水果等级人工神经网络模型

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-03-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3386114

P. Tripathi, R. Belwal, A. Bhatt

This paper explains a new feature extraction image pre-processing system followed by back propagation- artificial neural networks based system for class categorization of apple fruit images. Scale Conjugate Gradient (SCG) algorithm is used for back propagation. The methodology comprises of three stages in this work. Firstly, various external image based attributes of apple were taken and process in MATLAB. Size and weight features were also considered as important parameters as only color is not sufficient to judge the quality. Secondly, features extraction was done at image pre-processing for making the algorithm lighter by focusing only key features. Support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is also popular for development of relatively light weight classification models. This work uses artificial neural network toolbox in MATLAB for classification. A single hidden layer BP-ANN (Back propagation- artificial neural network) was used with sigmoid activation functions. The result came in terms of suitable output variable which is the quality class of the apple which is chosen A, B, C and D respectively. The modeling result indicates the tremendous match between the data used in training and assumed output values. It also has shorter calculation time due to the SCG algorithm. It is also possible for apple producers and distributors to classify their fruit using this model and reduce the cost by avoiding manual classification.

本文介绍了一种新的特征提取图像预处理系统——基于人工神经网络的苹果水果图像分类系统。反向传播采用尺度共轭梯度(SCG)算法。该方法在这项工作中包括三个阶段。首先，利用MATLAB对苹果的各种外部图像进行属性提取和处理;尺寸和重量特征也被认为是重要的参数，因为只有颜色不足以判断质量。其次，在图像预处理阶段进行特征提取，只聚焦关键特征，使算法更轻量化;支持向量机(SVM)算法在开发相对轻量级的分类模型方面也很受欢迎。本工作使用MATLAB中的人工神经网络工具箱进行分类。采用s型激活函数的单隐层BP-ANN (Back propagation- artificial neural network)算法。结果是合适的输出变量，即苹果的质量等级，分别选择A, B, C和D。建模结果表明，训练中使用的数据与假设的输出值非常匹配。由于采用了SCG算法，计算时间也更短。苹果生产商和经销商也可以使用该模型对水果进行分类，避免人工分类，从而降低成本。

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引用次数: 0

HOSVD Based Image Encryption Using DSCT and Shearlet Transform 基于DSCT和Shearlet变换的HOSVD图像加密

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-03-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3403407

Sumita Lamba, M. Diwakar, Dev Baloni, Alok Nautiyal, Ravi Dhaundiyal

This paper presents a completely unique scheme for image encryption the usage of HOSVD in DCST and Non Subsampled Shearlet Transform (NSST) domain for the enhancement of virtual picture safety. In the proposed scheme, virtual pix are encrypted using a number of bands of DCST and Shearlet Transform together with the parameters of HOSVD. Decryption may be aptly recognized through extracting the statistics in correct order. To ratify the authenticity, the proposed scheme is compared with diverse gift techniques and from the experimental evaluation, it become analyzed that the outcomes of the proposed scheme are finer than the existing schemes. To find out the energy of the proposed scheme, assaults like noise, blurring, artifacts were accomplished on the enter image further to an encrypted photo. The experimental consequences confirm that the proposed scheme’s electricity towards the attacks is advanced in assessment to the present method.

本文提出了一种完全独特的图像加密方案，即在DCST和非下采样Shearlet变换(NSST)域使用HOSVD来增强虚拟图像的安全性。该方案利用DCST和Shearlet变换的多个频带以及HOSVD参数对虚拟图像进行加密。通过按正确顺序提取统计信息，可以恰当地识别解密。为了验证该方案的真实性，将该方案与各种礼品技术进行了比较，并从实验评估中分析了该方案的效果优于现有方案。为了找出所提出的方案的能量，对输入图像进行了噪声，模糊，伪影等攻击，进一步加密照片。实验结果表明，该方案的抗攻击能力较现有方法有较大提高。

引用次数: 0

An Analysis on Security Threats of Black-Hole and Jellyfish Attacks in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Using HTTP Traffic 基于HTTP流量的移动Ad-Hoc网络黑洞和水母攻击安全威胁分析

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-03-15 DOI: 10.21276/IJRE.2019.6.2.1

Dewan Juel Rahman, Faisal Ahmed, Sayma Rashid

Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is an infrastructure less network. This network is a collection of randomly moving mobile nodes. As MANET does not have any centralized management, this network can form anywhere with the participation of randomly moving nodes. Because of such vulnerable behavior of MANET, this network has to face many security problems. There are so many security threats of MANET, which does not have any solution. Even detection of those problems is not easy. Some of the security threats are very severe. Those threats can even destroy the whole network. Researchers are working to find out the solution of those threats. Among those threats, we have worked with two security threats, which are Black-hole attack and Jellyfish attack. Here, we have found out the threats using HTTP traffic. We use OPNET modeler 14.5 as simulator AODV routing protocol. The aim of this paper is to find out the impact of security threats on MANET using HTTP traffic. We decide the impact using number of events and average number of events utilizing throughput of the OPNET modeler.

移动自组网(MANET)是一种基础设施较少的网络。该网络是随机移动的移动节点的集合。由于MANET没有任何集中管理，这种网络可以在任何地方形成，随机移动的节点参与。由于MANET的这种易受攻击的行为，该网络不得不面临许多安全问题。MANET存在诸多安全威胁，目前尚无解决方案。甚至发现这些问题也不容易。有些安全威胁非常严重。这些威胁甚至可以摧毁整个网络。研究人员正在努力寻找解决这些威胁的办法。在这些威胁中，我们已经处理了两个安全威胁，即黑洞攻击和水母攻击。在这里，我们发现了使用HTTP流量的威胁。我们使用OPNET modeler 14.5作为模拟器AODV路由协议。本文的目的是找出安全威胁对使用HTTP流量的MANET的影响。我们使用事件数和利用OPNET建模器的吞吐量的平均事件数来确定影响。

引用次数: 0

Autonomic Provisioning in Software Development Life Cycle Process 软件开发生命周期过程中的自主供应

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-02-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3349295

Pooja Dehraj, Arun Sharma

Advancement in software technologies has helped IT developers to work efficiently and enhance quality of the products but simultaneously; it has also presented the problem of increasing complexity in terms of software architectures, programming code and software management task. These issues raise chances of vulnerabilities in the software system. Run-time solution to the faults and failures of software need to be done. One such solution for handling run-time management tasks is Autonomic Computing. Autonomic computing technique, automate the management task to prevent the occurrence of vulnerability based issues. Further, to reduce the occurrence of system failures, an idea to provide an autonomic advisor to the Software Development Life Cycle process has been proposed in this paper. The autonomic advisor gives autonomic features based required suggestions to the developers during the software development process. It will also help to perform risk analysis during development. This will lead to the development of quality and efficient software systems. This paper also provides a review of the existing work of the autonomic computing including its challenges and their effects on management process of the system.

软件技术的进步帮助IT开发人员提高工作效率和产品质量，但同时;同时也提出了软件架构、编程代码和软件管理任务日益复杂的问题。这些问题增加了软件系统出现漏洞的可能性。需要对软件的故障和失败进行运行时解决方案。处理运行时管理任务的一个这样的解决方案是自主计算。自主计算技术，自动化管理任务，防止基于漏洞的问题的发生。此外，为了减少系统故障的发生，本文还提出了为软件开发生命周期过程提供自主顾问的想法。自主顾问在软件开发过程中为开发人员提供基于所需建议的自主特性。它还将有助于在开发过程中执行风险分析。这将导致开发高质量和高效的软件系统。本文还对现有的自主计算工作进行了综述，包括自主计算面临的挑战及其对系统管理过程的影响。

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引用次数: 2

Enhanced Security in Cloud Using Data Partitioning Technique 使用数据分区技术增强云中的安全性

Materials Processing & Manufacturing eJournal

Pub Date : 2019-02-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3351651

Taranpreet Singh Ruprah, A. Dange

Cloud computing is now one of most popular technology in the computer science. Due to the invention of cloud, the perception of everyone has changes with infrastructure, deployment and development of software. The cloud provide various type of services like software as a service (SaaS),platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS).The sharing of data is the most important facility of the cloud. The emphasis of this paper is to provide a second layer of security to existing cloud storage solutions. The data is split into number of block and individual blocks are encrypt with the help of respective encryption keys within an image file and store the same on local hardware storage.

云计算现在是计算机科学中最流行的技术之一。由于云的发明，每个人的感知都随着基础设施、软件的部署和开发而改变。云提供各种类型的服务，如软件即服务(SaaS)、平台即服务(PaaS)和基础设施即服务(IaaS)。数据共享是云最重要的功能。本文的重点是为现有的云存储解决方案提供第二层安全性。数据被分割成若干块，单个块在映像文件中使用各自的加密密钥进行加密，并将其存储在本地硬件存储上。

引用次数: 1

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