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Advances in the production of fungi-derived lignocellulolytic enzymes using agricultural wastes 利用农业废弃物生产真菌来源的木质纤维素水解酶的研究进展
2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2253827
Jiaqi Huang, Jianfei Wang, Shijie Liu
Lignocellulolytic enzymes play an important role in various industrial applications as well as the sustainable valorisation of lignocellulosic materials. Enzyme production using lignocellulosic fungi has shown great advantages such as high enzyme diversity, high production efficiency, and the availability of solid waste as raw materials. Agricultural waste, an abundant and non-food competitive feedstock, can be used to produce fungal lignocellulolytic enzymes. Pretreatment helps break down the complex structure of the raw material, thereby significantly improving product yield but also requiring more energy consumption. Multiple fermentation technologies, including submerged fermentation, solid-state fermentation, and co-culture, can be used for producing lignocellulolytic enzymes. Process optimisation may promote the yield and productivity of such enzymes without additional investment. Genetic engineering is also useful for enhancing enzyme production to meet industrial requirements. This review summarises the research progress in the fungal production of lignocellulolytic enzymes from various agricultural wastes via advanced fermentation strategies. It aims to provide technical references for the scale-up production of fungal lignocellulolytic enzymes.
木质纤维素水解酶在各种工业应用以及木质纤维素材料的可持续增值中发挥着重要作用。利用木质纤维素真菌生产酶具有酶多样性高、生产效率高、固体废物可作为原料等优点。农业废弃物是一种丰富的非食品竞争性原料,可用于生产真菌木质纤维素水解酶。预处理有助于分解原料的复杂结构,从而显著提高产品收率,但也需要更多的能源消耗。多种发酵技术,包括深层发酵、固态发酵和共培养,可用于生产木质纤维素水解酶。工艺优化可以在没有额外投资的情况下提高这种酶的产量和生产率。基因工程在提高酶产量以满足工业需求方面也很有用。本文综述了真菌利用先进发酵技术从各种农业废弃物中生产木质纤维素水解酶的研究进展。旨在为真菌木质纤维素水解酶的规模化生产提供技术参考。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Dectin-1 in immune response of macrophages induced by Fonsecaea monophora wild strain and melanin-deficient mutant strain. Dectin-1在单核真菌野生株和黑色素缺乏突变株诱导巨噬细胞免疫应答中的作用
IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-03 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2249010
Jiaojiao Zhong, Jing Zhang, Jianchi Ma, Wenying Cai, Xiqing Li, Junmin Zhang

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic granulomatous subcutaneous fungal disease caused mainly by Fonsecaea monophora in southern China. Melanin is an important virulence factor in wild strain (Mel+), and the strains lack of the polyketide synthase gene is a melanin-deficient mutant strain (Mel-). We investigated the effect of melanin in F. monophora on Dectin-1 receptor-mediated immune responses in macrophages. Conidia and tiny hyphae of Mel+ and Mel- were co-cultured with THP-1 macrophages expressing normal or low levels of Dectin-1. Compare the killing rate, phagocytosis rate, and expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and nitric oxide in each group. The results showed that the killing rate, phagocytosis rate, and pro-inflammatory factor levels of Mel+ infected macrophages with normal expression of Dectin-1 were lower than those of Mel-. And the knockdown of Dectin-1 inhibited the phagocytic rate, killing rate, and proinflammatory factor expression in macrophages infected with Mel+ and Mel-. And there was no significant difference in the above indexes between Mel+ and Mel- groups in Dectin-1 knockdown macrophages. In summary, the study reveals that melanin of F. monophora inhibits the immune response effect of the host by hindering its binding to Dectin-1 on the surface of macrophage, which may lead to persistent fungal infections.

着色真菌病(Chromoblastomycosis)是一种慢性肉芽肿性皮下真菌病,主要由中国南方的单孢镰刀菌(Fonsecaea monophora)引起。黑色素是野生菌株(Mel+)的重要毒力因子,缺乏多酮合成酶基因的菌株是黑色素缺失突变株(Mel-)。我们研究了F. monophora中的黑色素对巨噬细胞中Dectin-1受体介导的免疫反应的影响。将 Mel+ 和 Mel- 的分生孢子和微小菌丝与表达正常或低水平 Dectin-1 的 THP-1 巨噬细胞共同培养。比较各组的杀灭率、吞噬率以及炎性细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6 和一氧化氮的表达水平。结果表明,Dectin-1正常表达的Mel+感染巨噬细胞的杀伤率、吞噬率和促炎因子水平均低于Mel-。而敲除 Dectin-1 可抑制 Mel+ 和 Mel- 感染巨噬细胞的吞噬率、杀伤率和促炎因子的表达。而在 Dectin-1 敲除的巨噬细胞中,Mel+ 组和 Mel- 组的上述指标无明显差异。综上所述,该研究揭示了单孢子虫的黑色素通过阻碍其与巨噬细胞表面的 Dectin-1 结合来抑制宿主的免疫应答效应,从而可能导致真菌的持续感染。
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引用次数: 0
The role of fungi in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. 真菌在大肠癌诊断中的作用
IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-03 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2249492
Xu-Huan Li, Ming-Ming Luo, Zu-Xiu Wang, Qi Wang, Bin Xu

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent tumour with high morbidity rates worldwide, and its incidence among younger populations is rising. Early diagnosis of CRC can help control the associated mortality. Fungi are common microorganisms in nature. Recent studies have shown that fungi may have a similar association with tumours as bacteria do. As an increasing number of tumour-associated fungi are discovered, this provides new ideas for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours. The relationship between fungi and colorectal tumours has also been recently identified by scientists. Therefore, this paper describes the limitations and prospects of the application of fungi in diagnosing CRC and predicting CRC prognosis.

结肠直肠癌(CRC)是一种全球发病率较高的常见肿瘤,其在年轻人群中的发病率正在上升。早期诊断 CRC 有助于控制相关死亡率。真菌是自然界中常见的微生物。最近的研究表明,真菌与肿瘤的关系可能与细菌相似。随着越来越多与肿瘤相关的真菌被发现,这为肿瘤的诊断和预后提供了新思路。最近,科学家们也发现了真菌与结直肠肿瘤之间的关系。因此,本文介绍了真菌在诊断 CRC 和预测 CRC 预后方面应用的局限性和前景。
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引用次数: 0
Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Corynespora cassiicola, a plant pathogen worldwide. 黑丝菌病是一种世界性的植物病原菌
IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-08-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2247433
Dongying Hu, Weiwei Jiang, Xinlin Zhu, Qing Hou, Min Chen, Xiaochun Xue, Jing Zhao, Macit Ilkit, Amir Arastehfar, Wenjie Fang, Shunzhang Lin, Weihua Pan, Wanqing Liao

Although rare, trans-kingdom infection features an interesting infection biology concept, in which highly versatile pathogenic attributes allow successful infections in evolutionarily highly divergent species. Corynespora cassiicola is a phytopathogenic fungus and occasionally causes human infections. Herein, we report a phaeohyphomycosis case caused by C. cassiicola. Given that sporadic reports may contribute to a lack of awareness of the transmission route, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic and clinical management, we systematically reviewed the cases reported thus far. Nine patients were identified and included in the pooled analysis, 88.9% (8/9) of whom were reported after 2010. All patients were from Asian, African, and Latin American countries, among whom 77.8% (7/9) were farmers or lived in areas with active agriculture. Exposed body parts were the major affected infection area, and clinical manifestations were mainly non-specific inflammatory reactions. Although biochemical and morphological examinations confirmed the presence of fungal infection, molecular analysis was used for the final diagnosis, with 77.8% (7/9) being identified by internal transcribed spacer sequencing. Whereas voriconazole, terbinafine, and AmB, either alone or in combination, resulted in successful infection resolution in most cases (5/9; 55.5%), those suffering from invasive facial infections and CARD9 deficiency showed poor outcomes. Our patient is the third case of invasive facial infection caused by C. cassiicola and was successfully treated with intravenous LAmB followed by oral voriconazole combined with topical antifungal irrigation. Molecular identification of fungus and prompt antifungal treatment is pivotal in the clinical success of patients suspected to have phaeohyphomycosis. Moreover, as evidenced by our data, itraconazole treatment is not recommended.

跨王国感染虽然罕见,但却是一种有趣的感染生物学概念,其中高度多变的致病特性使其能够在进化上高度不同的物种中成功感染。Corynespora cassiicola 是一种植物致病真菌,偶尔会引起人类感染。在此,我们报告了一起由 C. cassiicola 引起的葡萄孢菌病病例。鉴于零星报道可能导致人们对传播途径、临床表现以及诊断和临床治疗缺乏了解,我们系统地回顾了迄今为止报道的病例。我们确定了九名患者并将其纳入汇总分析,其中88.9%(8/9)的病例是在2010年之后报告的。所有患者均来自亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲国家,其中 77.8%(7/9)为农民或居住在农业发达地区。暴露的身体部位是主要的感染部位,临床表现主要是非特异性炎症反应。虽然生化和形态学检查证实了真菌感染的存在,但最终诊断还是采用了分子分析,77.8%(7/9)的病例是通过内部转录间隔测序确定的。虽然伏立康唑、特比萘芬和氨苯喋啶单独使用或联合使用在大多数病例(5/9;55.5%)中都能成功解决感染问题,但那些患有侵袭性面部感染和 CARD9 缺乏症的病例治疗效果不佳。我们的患者是第三例由卡西酵母菌引起的侵袭性面部感染,经静脉注射 LAmB 后口服伏立康唑并结合局部抗真菌冲洗治疗后获得成功。真菌的分子鉴定和及时的抗真菌治疗是疑似头癣患者临床成功的关键。此外,根据我们的数据,不建议使用伊曲康唑治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Biology, taxonomy, genetics, and management of Zymoseptoria tritici: the causal agent of wheat leaf blotch. 小麦叶斑病病原菌——小麦酵母菌的生物学、分类、遗传和防治
IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-08-08 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2241492
Girma Ababa

Septoria tritici blotch or Septoria leaf blotch has been used for long time, but leaf blotch is a correct disease name. Moreover, Lb resistant gene is the correct name, but, not Stb gene. It has sexual and asexual parts on the mycelia, known as heterothallic fungi. Its pathogenic diversity ranged from 40% to 93% and has produced a wide variety of AvrLb6 haplotypes. M. graminicola has a plasmogamy and karyogamy sexual process. The pathogen can use macropycnidiospores, micropycnidiospores, and pycnidia vegetative growths for infection and overwintering. Synthetic M3, Kavkaz-K4500, Synthetic 6×, and TE9111 wheat genotypes have horizontal resistance. Avirulence (Avr) genes in Z. tritici and their matching wheat (R) genes indicate gene for gene mechanisms of resistance. Twenty-two R genes (vertical resistance) have been identified. In both horizontal and vertical resistance, different Lb genes have been broken down due to new Z.tritici virulent gene and currently Lb19 resistant gene is being recommended. Mixing of resistant and susceptible cultivars is also the most effective management strategy. Moreover, different cultural practices and biological control have been proposed. Lastly, different fungicides are also available. However, in developing countries cultivar mixture, isolates diversity, biological control, and epidemic studies have been greatly missed.

Septoria tritici blotch 或 Septoria leaf blotch 已被长期使用,但叶斑病才是正确的病名。此外,抗 Lb 基因才是正确的名称,而不是抗 Stb 基因。它的菌丝体上有有性部分和无性部分,被称为异型真菌。它的致病多样性从 40% 到 93% 不等,并产生了多种 AvrLb6 单倍型。graminicola 有质粒和核粒的有性过程。病原体可利用大孢子囊、小孢子囊和无性生殖的菌核进行感染和越冬。合成 M3、Kavkaz-K4500、合成 6× 和 TE9111 小麦基因型具有水平抗性。Z. tritici 的 Avirulence(Avr)基因及其匹配的小麦(R)基因表明了基因间的抗性机制。已发现 22 个 R 基因(垂直抗性)。在横向和纵向抗性中,不同的 Lb 基因因新的 Z.tritici 毒力基因而被分解,目前推荐使用抗性基因 Lb19。抗性和易感性栽培品种混用也是最有效的管理策略。此外,还提出了不同的栽培方法和生物防治。最后,还可以使用不同的杀菌剂。然而,在发展中国家,栽培品种的混合、分离物的多样性、生物防治和流行病学研究还远远不够。
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引用次数: 0
Epigenetic manipulation for secondary metabolite activation in endophytic fungi: current progress and future directions. 内生真菌次生代谢物激活的表观遗传操纵:目前进展和未来方向
IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-08-08 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2241486
Ashish Verma, Harshita Tiwari, Swati Singh, Priyamvada Gupta, Nilesh Rai, Santosh Kumar Singh, Bhim Pratap Singh, Sombir Rao, Vibhav Gautam

Fungal endophytes have emerged as a promising source of secondary metabolites with significant potential for various applications in the field of biomedicine. The biosynthetic gene clusters of endophytic fungi are responsible for encoding several enzymes and transcriptional factors that are involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The investigation of fungal metabolic potential at genetic level faces certain challenges, including the synthesis of appropriate amounts of chemicals, and loss of the ability of fungal endophytes to produce secondary metabolites in an artificial culture medium. Therefore, there is a need to delve deeper into the field of fungal genomics and transcriptomics to explore the potential of fungal endophytes in generating secondary metabolites governed by biosynthetic gene clusters. The silent biosynthetic gene clusters can be activated by modulating the chromatin structure using chemical compounds. Epigenetic modification plays a significant role by inducing cryptic gene responsible for the production of secondary metabolites using DNA methyl transferase and histone deacetylase. CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing emerges an effective tool to enhance the production of desired metabolites by modulating gene expression. This review primarily focuses on the significance of epigenetic elicitors and their capacity to boost the production of secondary metabolites from endophytes. This article holds the potential to rejuvenate the drug discovery pipeline by introducing new chemical compounds.

真菌内生菌是一种前景广阔的次级代谢产物来源,在生物医学领域的各种应用中具有巨大潜力。内生真菌的生物合成基因簇负责编码参与次生代谢物生物合成的多种酶和转录因子。在基因水平上研究真菌的代谢潜力面临着一定的挑战,包括合成适量的化学物质,以及真菌内生菌在人工培养基中失去产生次生代谢物的能力。因此,有必要深入研究真菌基因组学和转录组学领域,探索真菌内生菌在生物合成基因簇支配下产生次生代谢物的潜力。沉默的生物合成基因簇可以通过使用化合物调节染色质结构来激活。表观遗传修饰通过使用 DNA 甲基转移酶和组蛋白去乙酰化酶诱导负责生产次生代谢物的隐性基因,发挥了重要作用。基于 CRISPR-Cas9 的基因组编辑技术是通过调节基因表达来提高所需代谢物产量的有效工具。本综述主要关注表观遗传诱导剂的意义及其促进内生菌产生次生代谢物的能力。这篇文章有望通过引入新的化合物来振兴药物发现管道。
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引用次数: 0
Heteroverticillium phytelephatis gen. et sp. nov. intercepted from nuts of Phytelephas macrocarpa, with an updated phylogenetic assessment of Nectriaceae. 从 Phytelephas macrocarpa 坚果中截获的 Heteroverticillium phytelephatis gen.
IF 4.6 2区 生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-11 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2210603
Xin Li, Shi-Ling Han, Yin-Yin Zhang, Lei Cai, Peng Zhao

An entry postal parcel with mature nuts of Phytelephas macrocarpa from Togo was inspected at Dalian Customs (China) in December 2021, and four strains were isolated from symptomatic tissues of the nuts. Based on morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses, above strains were identified as a new species which is mainly characterised by the verticillately branching conidiophores. Based on multi-locus phylogenetic analyses, this new species forms a monophyletic clade closely related to Corallomycetella, Paracremonium and Xenoacremonium but could not be accommodated in any known genera of Nectriaceae. Thus, a new genus Heteroverticillium is established to accommodate this new species (H. phytelephatis). To our knowledge, this is the first time that Chinese customs have intercepted a new fungal genus. In addition, we provided an updated backbone tree for the generic relationships in Nectriaceae, which may largely assist future identification of nectriaceous fungi to genus level in quarantine inspections. Based on our analysis, Varicosporellopsis is likely a late synonym of Paracremonium.

2021 年 12 月,大连海关(中国)查验了一个装有来自多哥的 Phytelephas macrocarpa 成熟坚果的入境邮包,并从坚果的症状组织中分离出 4 株菌株。根据形态学观察和分子系统发育分析,上述菌株被鉴定为一个新种,其主要特征是分生孢子梗垂直分枝。根据多焦点系统进化分析,该新种与 Corallomycetella、Paracremonium 和 Xenoacremonium 紧密相关,但不能归入任何已知的花蜜科属。因此,我们建立了一个新属 Heteroverticillium,以容纳这个新种(H. phytelephatis)。据我们所知,这是中国海关首次截获一个新的真菌属。此外,我们还提供了一棵更新的蜜腺真菌科属关系主干树,这在很大程度上有助于今后在检疫检验中对蜜腺真菌进行属级鉴定。根据我们的分析,Varicosporellopsis 很可能是 Paracremonium 的晚期异名。
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引用次数: 0
Burden of fungal infections in Kenya. 肯尼亚真菌感染的负担。
IF 4.6 2区 生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-04-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2204112
Stanley N Ratemo, David W Denning

The burden of fungal infections has been on the rise globally and remains a significant public health concern in Kenya. We estimated the incidence and prevalence of fungal infections using all mycology publications in Kenya up to January 2023, and from neighbouring countries where data lacked. We used deterministic modelling using populations at risk to calculate the disease burden. The total burden of serious fungal infections is estimated to affect 6,328,294 persons which translates to 11.57% of the Kenyan population. Those suffering from chronic infections such as chronic pulmonary aspergillosis are estimated to be 100,570 people (0.2% of the population) and probably nearly 200,000 with fungal asthma, all treatable with oral antifungal therapy. Serious acute fungal infections secondary to HIV (cryptococcal meningitis, disseminated histoplasmosis, pneumocystis pneumonia, and mucosal candidiasis) affect 196,543 adults and children (0.4% of the total population), while cancer-related invasive fungal infection cases probably exceed 2,299 and those in intensive care about 1,230 incident cases, including Candida auris bloodstream infection. The burden of fungal infections in Kenya is high; however, limited diagnostic test availability, low clinician awareness and inadequate laboratory capacity constrain the country's health system in responding to the syndemic of fungal disease in Kenya.

真菌感染在全球范围内呈上升趋势,在肯尼亚仍是一个重大的公共卫生问题。我们利用肯尼亚截至 2023 年 1 月的所有真菌学出版物以及缺乏数据的邻国的真菌感染发病率和流行率进行了估算。我们使用确定性模型,利用高危人群来计算疾病负担。据估计,严重真菌感染造成的总负担将影响 6,328,294 人,相当于肯尼亚人口的 11.57%。据估计,患有慢性感染(如慢性肺曲霉菌病)的人数为 100,570 人(占总人口的 0.2%),患有真菌性哮喘的人数可能接近 200,000 人,这些患者均可通过口服抗真菌药物治疗。继发于艾滋病毒的严重急性真菌感染(隐球菌脑膜炎、播散性组织胞浆菌病、肺孢子菌肺炎和粘膜念珠菌病)影响到 196 543 名成人和儿童(占总人口的 0.4%),而与癌症相关的侵袭性真菌感染病例可能超过 2 299 例,重症监护中的病例约为 1 230 例,其中包括白色念珠菌血流感染。肯尼亚的真菌感染负担很重;然而,由于诊断检测手段有限、临床医生认识不足以及实验室能力不足,制约了肯尼亚卫生系统应对真菌疾病综合症的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Antimicrobial properties and biotransforming ability of fungal endophytes from Ficus carica L. (Moraceae). 桑科无花果内生真菌的抗菌特性和生物转化能力。
IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2175500
Melisa Isabel Barolo, María Victoria Castelli, Silvia Noelí López

The endophytic fungal community associated with leaves of Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) from Argentina was investigated. Fifteen fungal isolates were isolated and identified by molecular methods into the genera Alternaria, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Diaporthe, Epicoccum, Myrothecium, Neofusicoccum, Nigrospora, Preussia and Ustilago. Cladosporium cladosporioides and Curvularia lunata were the most frequently isolated species. The fungal metabolic profiles were obtained by automated TLC and NMR and analysed by PC Analysis. Antifungal and antibacterial activity was assessed by bioautographic assays. In addition, the biotransforming ability of the fungal isolates was tested on F. carica extracts. Five isolates (33.3%) exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one of the microorganisms tested. Most of the fungal endophytes were able to metabolise the flavonoid rutin 1, and the coumarin psoralen 3 present in F. carica extracts. Further investigations of the psoralen biotransforming ability performed by the selected endophyte Alternaria alternata F8 showed the accumulation of the 6,7-furan-hydrocoumaric acid derivative 4 as the main biotransformation product. Our results corroborate that F. carica can live symbiotically with rich and diverse endophytic communities adding insights about their ecological interactions.

对阿根廷桑科无花果叶片内生真菌群落进行了研究。通过分子方法分离鉴定了15株真菌,分别为Alternaria、Cladosporium、Curvularia、Diaporthe、Epicoccum、Myrothecium、Neofusicoccum、Nigrospora、Preussia和Ustilago。枝孢霉(Cladosporium cladosporioides)和弯孢霉(Curvularia lunata)是最常见的分离种。通过自动薄层色谱和核磁共振获得真菌代谢谱,并进行PC分析。用生物自显影法测定其抗真菌和抗菌活性。此外,还测试了分离的真菌对carica提取物的生物转化能力。5个分离株(33.3%)对至少一种微生物表现出抑制活性。大多数真菌内生菌能够代谢牛蒡提取物中的类黄酮芦丁1和香豆素补骨脂素3。对所选内生菌alternnaria alternata F8补骨脂素生物转化能力的进一步研究表明,6,7-呋喃-氢香豆酸衍生物4是主要的生物转化产物。本研究结果证实了船形假丝虫可以与丰富多样的内生菌群落共生,并进一步揭示了它们之间的生态相互作用。
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引用次数: 1
Risk factors and mortality of the newly emerging Candida auris in a university hospital in Saudi Arabia. 沙特阿拉伯一所大学医院新发耳念珠菌的危险因素和死亡率
IF 4.2 2区 生物学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2227218
Reham Kaki

Candida auris presents a global health threat. We investigated risk factors and mortality of Candida auris infections in a retrospective study in Saudi Arabia. We included 27 patients ≥14  with invasive Candida auris from 2015-2022, with median age 58, and 66.7% males. All patients had indwelling devices. The most common infection sources were central line-associated bloodstream infection in 17 (63.0%), and urinary tract infections in four (12%). Fever and shock were observed in nine patients (33.3%) each, and 22 (81%) were admitted to the intensive care unit. Common comorbidities were diabetes and heart disease in 13 (48.1%) patients each. The median hospital stay was 78 days, and the median Charlson index was 4. The C. auris cultures were 100% susceptible to voriconazole, caspofungin, and amphotericin, while three were fully susceptible to fluconazole (11.1%). Despite treatment, 18 (66.7%) patients died. In conclusion, invasive C. auris infection had varied presentations. All patients had indwelling devices, and many had lengthy hospital stays. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin and echinocandins, while few were fully susceptible to fluconazole.

耳念珠菌对全球健康构成威胁。我们在沙特阿拉伯的一项回顾性研究中调查了耳念珠菌感染的危险因素和死亡率。我们纳入了2015-2022年27例≥14例侵袭性耳念珠菌患者,中位年龄58岁,男性占66.7%。所有患者均有留置装置。最常见的感染源为17例(63.0%)中央静脉相关血流感染,4例(12%)尿路感染。发热和休克各9例(33.3%),其中22例(81%)入住重症监护病房。常见的合并症是糖尿病和心脏病,各13例(48.1%)。住院时间中位数为78天,Charlson指数中位数为4。金黄色葡萄球菌培养物对伏立康唑、卡泊芬净和两性霉素的敏感性为100%,对氟康唑的敏感性为11.1%。尽管治疗,18例(66.7%)患者死亡。总之,侵袭性耳球菌感染具有多种表现。所有患者都有留置装置,许多人住院时间很长。所有分离株均对两性霉素和棘白菌素敏感,少数对氟康唑完全敏感。
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引用次数: 1
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