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2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems最新文献

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Modeling and analysis of SSN in silicon and glass interposers for 3D systems 三维系统中硅和玻璃中间层SSN的建模与分析
Biancun Xie, Madhavan Swaminathan
In this paper, an efficient hybrid modeling approach for power delivery network (PDN) with through-silicon vias (TSVs) for 3D systems is proposed. The proposed approach extends multi-layer finite difference method (M-FDM) to include TSVs by extracting their parasitic behavior using an integral equation based solver. Using the proposed modeling technique the power/signal integrity of PDN with TSVs/through-glass vias (TGVs) in lossy silicon interposer and low loss glass interposer is investigated and compared. The comparison indicates the benefits of using silicon interposer for high speed signaling.
本文提出了一种用于三维系统的硅通孔输电网络(PDN)的高效混合建模方法。该方法通过基于积分方程的求解器提取tsv的寄生行为,将多层有限差分法(M-FDM)扩展到tsv。利用所提出的建模技术,研究并比较了在有损耗硅中间层和低损耗玻璃中间层中采用tsv /玻璃通孔(tgv)的PDN的功率/信号完整性。通过比较表明了采用硅中间层实现高速信号的优势。
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引用次数: 10
Enhanced eye-height estimation of mismatched lossy transmission lines 非匹配有损传输线眼高估计的增强
Shih-Ya Huang, Yung-Shou Cheng, Bob Liu, R. Wu
A simple formula is derived to estimate the worst-case eye height for mismatched transmission line systems, using system pulse response and the idea of peak distortion analysis. A contour map which represents eye height variations for different reflection coefficients at the drivers and receivers is constructed and used to facilitate the driver and termination designs for the best eye diagram performance. Subsequently, the eye diagram results for two different mismatched transmission lines are given to validate the accuracy of the presented contour map.
利用系统脉冲响应和峰值失真分析的思想,导出了一个简单的估计错配输电系统最坏眼高的公式。构建了一个等高线图,表示在驱动器和接收器上不同反射系数的眼高度变化,并用于促进驱动器和终端设计,以获得最佳的眼图性能。随后,给出了两条不同不匹配输电线路的眼图结果,以验证所提出的等高线图的准确性。
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引用次数: 2
Graphene-based EMI shielding for vertical noise coupling reduction in 3D mixed-signal system 三维混合信号系统中基于石墨烯的电磁干扰屏蔽降低垂直噪声耦合
Kiyeong Kim, Kyoungchoul Koo, Seulki Hong, Jonghoon J. Kim, Byung-Ho Cho, Joungho Kim
Vertical noise coupling caused by the near-field coupling between the RF/analog IC and logic IC is a severe problem in 3D mixed-signal systems. To reduce the vertical noise coupling, graphene is an appropriate material due to its inherent characteristics such as very low thickness, high flexibility, high mechanical strength, and EMI absorbing characteristic. Especially, the EMI absorbing characteristic is an important property as the shield to prevent the vertical noise coupling, as it reduces the re-coupling of the reflected EMI by the shield into other ICs. We measure the reduction of the vertical noise coupling by the mono-layer graphene shield in the 3D mixed-signal system composed of a low noise amplifier (LNA), an on-chip switching model DC-DC converter, and the mono-layer graphene in the frequency and time domain. Through the measurement results, we observed that the mono-layer graphene can maximally reduce the vertical noise coupling by -17 dB in the frequency domain. Additionally, the vertically coupled noise is reduced by 25% in the time domain measurement.
射频/模拟集成电路与逻辑集成电路之间的近场耦合引起的垂直噪声耦合是三维混合信号系统中的一个严重问题。为了减少垂直噪声耦合,石墨烯是一种合适的材料,因为它具有非常低的厚度、高柔韧性、高机械强度和电磁干扰吸收特性。特别是,电磁干扰吸收特性是屏蔽防止垂直噪声耦合的重要特性,因为它减少了反射的电磁干扰通过屏蔽进入其他集成电路的再耦合。在由低噪声放大器(LNA)、片上开关模型DC-DC转换器和单层石墨烯组成的三维混合信号系统中,我们测量了单层石墨烯屏蔽层对垂直噪声耦合的降低。通过测量结果,我们观察到单层石墨烯可以在频域内最大限度地降低-17 dB的垂直噪声耦合。此外,在时域测量中,垂直耦合噪声降低了25%。
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引用次数: 5
Bandwidth and gain enhancement of antenna in package 封装天线的带宽和增益增强
Z. Tong, A. Fischer, A. Stelzer, L. Maurer
This paper presents an antenna in package (AiP) solution with embedded wafer level ball grid array (eWLB) packaging technology. The antenna implements superstrate structure configuration. A cavity in the PCB is introduced below the antenna area is introduced to increase the distance between antenna and ground on the PCB. This extends the relative bandwidth of the AiP by up to 36% for 10 dB return loss. Further, a hemisphere dielectric lens was also designed to improve the radiation performance of the AiP. Measurements show that the dielectric lens optimizes the radiation pattern of the AiP and increases the TX equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the package from 9.0 dBm to 13.5 dBm at 76 GHz. This concept is suitable for a wide area of millimeter-wave front-end applications. The 3-dB beamwidths in the E- and H-planes of the package with lens were measured to be 38° and 53° respectively.
提出了一种采用嵌入式晶圆级球栅阵列封装技术的封装天线(AiP)解决方案。天线采用上置结构配置。在PCB中在天线区域下方引入空腔,以增加PCB上天线与地面之间的距离。在10db回波损耗下,AiP的相对带宽最多可扩展36%。此外,为了提高AiP的辐射性能,还设计了半球介质透镜。测量结果表明,介质透镜优化了AiP的辐射方向图,并将封装在76 GHz时的TX等效各向同性辐射功率(EIRP)从9.0 dBm提高到13.5 dBm。此概念适用于毫米波前端的广域应用。测得带透镜封装的E面和h面3db波束宽度分别为38°和53°。
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引用次数: 2
An efficient method for transient simulation of high-speed interconnects with nonlinear terminations 具有非线性终端的高速互连暂态仿真的一种有效方法
M. Farhan, E. Gad, M. Nakhla, R. Achar
This paper presents a new method for a circuit-based transient simulation of large interconnects circuits terminated with nonlinear devices. The proposed method is based on high-order A-stable integration methods, known as Obreshkov-formula. The new method exploits the structure of the matrices resulting from applying Obreshkov-formula to achieve very high speedups. A numerical example is presented that shows the performance and accuracy of the proposed method.
本文提出了以非线性器件为端接的大型互连电路暂态仿真的一种新方法。该方法基于高阶a稳定积分方法,即obreshkov公式。新方法利用应用obreshkov公式得到的矩阵结构来实现非常高的速度。算例验证了该方法的性能和精度。
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引用次数: 0
Chip-package co-design for suppressing parallel resonance and power supply noise 抑制并行谐振和电源噪声的芯片封装协同设计
T. Mido, R. Kobayashi, G. Kubo, H. Otsuka, Y. Kobayashi, H. Fujii, T. Sudo
Power integrity is a serious issue in the modern CMOS digital systems, because power supply noise excited in core circuits induces logic instability and electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, chip-package co-design is becoming important by taking into consideration the total impedance of power distribution network (PDN) seen from the chip. Especially, parallel resonance peaks in the PDN due to the chip-package interaction induces the unwanted power supply fluctuation, and results in the degradation of signal integrity and electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this paper, effects of critical damping condition for the total PDN impedance on power supply noise has been studied by adding different RC circuit to the intrinsic on-die RC circuit of chip. Three test chips were assumed to be designed with different on-chip PDN properties. The simulated power supply noises for the three test chips showed typical characteristics of oscillatory region and damped regions The critical damping condition against the anti-resonance peak has been proved to be effective to suppress the power supply noise on the chip.
电源完整性是现代CMOS数字系统中的一个重要问题,因为电源噪声在核心电路中会引起逻辑不稳定和电磁辐射。因此,从芯片上考虑配电网络(PDN)的总阻抗,芯片封装协同设计变得越来越重要。特别是PDN中由于芯片与封装的相互作用而产生的并联共振峰,引起了不必要的电源波动,导致了信号完整性的降低和电磁干扰(EMI)。本文通过在芯片的片内RC电路中加入不同的RC电路,研究了PDN总阻抗的临界阻尼条件对电源噪声的影响。假设三个测试芯片具有不同的片上PDN特性。三种测试芯片的模拟电源噪声均表现出典型的振荡区和阻尼区特征,抗共振峰处的临界阻尼条件能够有效抑制芯片上的电源噪声。
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引用次数: 2
Millimeter-wave coplanar interconnects and radiators on FR-4 laminates FR-4层压板上的毫米波共面互连和散热器
S. Aroor, R. Pierce, R. Henderson, A. Blanchard
This paper demonstrates coplanar waveguide (CPW) interconnects and radiators for antenna-in-package (AiP) solutions at millimeter-wave frequencies using flame-resistant 4 (FR-4) laminates. CPW transmission lines and broadband antennas with CPW feeds have been fabricated on two types of FR-4 laminates to detail the performance of this material. Measurements show an average attenuation of 0.19 dB/mm at 60 GHz, which is comparable to that of other packaging substrates at millimeter wavelengths. CPW-fed bow-tie apertures have a return loss below 10 dB from 60 GHz to 90 GHz.
本文演示了使用阻燃4 (FR-4)层压板在毫米波频率下用于封装天线(AiP)解决方案的共面波导(CPW)互连和散热器。在两种类型的FR-4层压板上制作了CPW传输线和带CPW馈电的宽带天线,以详细说明该材料的性能。测量结果显示,在60 GHz时的平均衰减为0.19 dB/mm,与其他封装基板在毫米波长下的衰减相当。在60 GHz到90 GHz范围内,cpw馈电领结孔径的回波损耗低于10 dB。
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引用次数: 3
Eye diagram parameter extraction of nano scale VLSI interconnects 纳米级VLSI互连眼图参数提取
M. Mehri, R. Sarvari, A. Seydolhosseini
In this paper, jitter due to both capacitive and inductive coupling is studied. Maximum frequency of driving signal on a wire is limited by its input rise time, fall time, pulse width, and the coupling effect from its neighbors. The analytical expressions to estimate the deterministic jitter time due to these effects are presented. The estimation is based on the fastest and slowest approximation of the signal waveform components. Also, we have extracted the eye opening parameters of the eye diagram. The inductance effects significance is shown on eye opening and jitter time. The 45nm technology is used for estimating the horizontal and vertical eye opening and jitter time. The presented formula is compared with the simulations for some cases and it shows good agreements.
本文研究了电容耦合和电感耦合引起的抖动问题。导线上驱动信号的最大频率受其输入上升时间、下降时间、脉冲宽度和邻近信号的耦合效应的限制。给出了由这些效应引起的确定性抖动时间的解析表达式。估计是基于信号波形分量的最快和最慢逼近。同时,我们提取了眼图的睁眼参数。电感效应对眼开度和抖动时间有显著影响。45nm技术用于估计水平和垂直眼睛的张开和抖动时间。将所提出的公式与一些实例的仿真结果进行了比较,结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 0
Fast assessment of the impact of surrounding wiring on the transmission properties of high-speed interconnect channels 高速互连通道周围布线对传输特性影响的快速评估
Joon Hyung Chung, A. Cangellaris
A methodology is proposed for the fast assessment of the impact of electromagnetic loading by surrounding wiring on the signal transmission properties of a high-speed interconnect channel. The proposed methodology is aimed at alleviating the computational complexity of the electromagnetic modeling of the channel including the details of the wiring in its surrounding that, more often than not and especially in the early stages of design, are not well defined and thus are best accounted for through a Monte Carlo analysis. Instead, use of a stochastic macromodel for the channel is proposed that incorporates the electromagnetic attributes of the surrounding wiring through a statistical description of its loading on the interconnects of the channel. The proposed method makes use of parametric rational interpolation to develop a frequency-dependent macromodel that is valid over the multi-dimensional space that describes the uncertainty of the neighboring layout topography. Making use of stochastic collocation, the channel macromodel lends itself to fast quantitative analysis of the channel transmission properties and signal degradation in both frequency and time domain. A simple channel example, which allows us to assess the accuracy of the proposed method, is used to demonstrate the key attributes of the proposed method and comment on its usefulness as a computer-aided tool for noise-aware wiring layout planning.
提出了一种快速评估高速互连通道周围布线电磁载荷对信号传输特性影响的方法。所提出的方法旨在减轻信道电磁建模的计算复杂性,包括其周围布线的细节,通常情况下,特别是在设计的早期阶段,没有很好地定义,因此最好通过蒙特卡罗分析来解释。相反,我们建议使用随机宏模型,通过统计描述其在通道互连上的负载来结合周围布线的电磁属性。该方法利用参数有理插值建立了一个频率相关的宏模型,该模型在描述邻近布局地形不确定性的多维空间上有效。信道宏模型利用随机配置,可以在频域和时域上对信道传输特性和信号退化进行快速定量分析。一个简单的通道示例,使我们能够评估所提出的方法的准确性,用于演示所提出的方法的关键属性,并评论其作为噪声感知布线规划的计算机辅助工具的实用性。
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引用次数: 2
Modeling and measurement of supply noise induced jitter in a 12.8Gbps single-ended memory interface 12.8Gbps单端存储接口中电源噪声诱发抖动的建模与测量
H. Lan, Minghui Han, R. Schmitt
Analyzing power supply noise characteristics and predicting its jitter impact is critical in designing the 12.8Gbps single-ended memory interface achieving better than 5mW/Gbps energy efficiency. The clocking circuit jitter performance is characterized by jitter sensitivity. The power supply noise induced jitter (PSIJ) is derived by combining the noise spectrum and sensitivity profile. The final PSIJ prediction matches closely with the on-chip measurement result.
分析电源噪声特性并预测其抖动影响对于设计12.8Gbps单端存储接口以实现优于5mW/Gbps的能效至关重要。时钟电路的抖动性能以抖动灵敏度为特征。将噪声谱与灵敏度曲线相结合,导出了电源噪声诱发抖动(PSIJ)。最终的PSIJ预测与片上测量结果非常吻合。
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引用次数: 10
期刊
2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems
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