Nature reviews. Chemistry最新文献

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Performance metrics and mechanistic considerations for the development of 3D batteries 3D电池开发的性能指标和机理考虑

IF 36.3 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00659-2

Kelly Nieto, Daniel S. Windsor, Bairav S. Vishnugopi, Partha P. Mukherjee, Amy L. Prieto

There is an urgent need for improved energy storage devices to enable advances in markets ranging from small-scale applications (such as portable electronic devices) to large-scale energy storage for transportation and electric-grid energy. Next-generation batteries must be characterized by high energy density, high power density, fast charging capabilities, operation over a wide temperature range and safety. To achieve such ambitious performance metrics, creative solutions that synergistically combine state-of-the-art material systems with advanced architectures must be developed. The development of 3D batteries is a promising solution for achieving these targets. However, considerable challenges remain related to integrating the various components of a battery into an architecture that is truly 3D. In this Review, we describe the status of 3D batteries, highlight key advances in terms of mechanistic insights and relevant performance descriptors, and suggest future steps for translating current concepts into commercially relevant solutions.

迫切需要改进储能设备，以促进从小型应用（如便携式电子设备）到运输和电网能源的大规模储能市场的发展。下一代电池必须具有高能量密度、高功率密度、快速充电能力、宽温度范围和安全性等特点。为了实现如此雄心勃勃的性能指标，必须开发创造性的解决方案，将最先进的材料系统与先进的架构协同结合起来。3D电池的发展是实现这些目标的一个有希望的解决方案。然而，将电池的各种组件集成到真正的3D架构中仍然存在相当大的挑战。在这篇综述中，我们描述了3D电池的现状，强调了机械见解和相关性能描述符方面的关键进展，并提出了将当前概念转化为商业相关解决方案的未来步骤。

引用次数: 0

A life of leaving the door open 一种敞开大门的生活

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00678-z

Robin Perutz, Stephanie Greed

Ahead of his 75th birthday, Robin Perutz, Emeritus Professor at the University of York, discusses his career combining theory and experiment to probe reactivity while also promoting the inclusion of marginalized groups into science.

在75岁生日前夕，约克大学名誉教授罗宾·佩鲁茨（Robin Perutz）讨论了他的职业生涯，他将理论和实验结合起来，探索反应性，同时促进边缘化群体融入科学。

引用次数: 0

Examining actinides with X-ray spectroscopy 用x射线光谱学检测锕系元素

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00679-y

Frances E. Zengotita, S. Olivia Gunther

Exploration of the coordination chemistry and electronic structure of the actinides is fundamental to understanding factors that govern their reactivity during chemical processing and their behaviour in the environment. Here, we show the recent progress in how X-ray spectroscopy has allowed us to look more closely to these properties.

探索锕系元素的配位化学和电子结构是理解在化学处理过程中控制其反应性及其在环境中的行为的因素的基础。在这里，我们展示了x射线光谱学的最新进展，它使我们能够更密切地观察这些特性。

引用次数: 0

Synthetic molecular cage receptors for carbohydrate recognition 用于碳水化合物识别的合成分子笼受体

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00666-3

Baoqi Wu, Rongzhi Tang, Yu Tan

A captivating challenge in chemistry lies in achieving robust and precise binding of uncharged, hydrophilic carbohydrate entities. Although past decades have provided a variety of excellent molecular architectures tailored for carbohydrate recognition, including acyclic receptors, macrocycles and foldamers, recent advances have highlighted the potential of synthetic molecular cages. These structures are equipped with intricately designed cavities that contain bespoke noncovalent binding sites for carbohydrate interactions. Constructed with the principles of complementarity and preorganization, these cage receptors demonstrate high affinity and exquisite selectivity in carbohydrate recognition through noncovalent interactions, capitalizing on multivalency and cooperativity. This Review highlights recent advances in the design and application of molecular cages with diverse structures, interactions and binding capacities for carbohydrate recognition. In the concluding remarks, we discuss future avenues for further exploration. This Review focuses on recent advances in synthetic molecular cage receptors for carbohydrate recognition. It distinguishes between covalent organic cages and coordination cages, based on their structural characteristics, highlighting their unique advantages in recognizing carbohydrates.

化学中的一个迷人的挑战在于实现不带电的亲水碳水化合物实体的强大和精确的结合。尽管在过去的几十年里，我们已经为碳水化合物识别提供了各种各样的分子结构，包括无环受体、大环和折叠体，但最近的进展突出了合成分子笼的潜力。这些结构配备了复杂设计的空腔，其中包含用于碳水化合物相互作用的定制的非共价结合位点。这些笼状受体基于互补和预组织原理构建，通过非共价相互作用，利用多价性和协同性，在碳水化合物识别中表现出高亲和力和精细选择性。本文综述了具有不同结构、相互作用和结合能力的分子笼在碳水化合物识别中的设计和应用的最新进展。在结束语中，我们讨论了未来进一步探索的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Go with the flow for high-throughput electrochemistry 顺势而为，实现高通量电化学。

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00677-0

Samuel J. Shin, Shi He

An automated electrochemical flow platform is shown to enhance reaction efficiency, minimize material use, and accelerate data generation. Through Design of Experiments, the platform optimized a reaction, achieving a six-fold improvement in yield, and holds promise for optimizing other reactions.

一个自动化的电化学流动平台被证明可以提高反应效率，减少材料的使用，并加速数据的生成。通过实验设计，该平台优化了一个反应，使产率提高了6倍，并有望优化其他反应。

引用次数: 0

Forensic science is more than a test result 法医学不仅仅是一个测试结果。

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00676-1

Sheila Willis

Forensic science is a mixture of specialties, including many chemistry subdisciplines, that focus on the idea of traces — marks that are remnants of past events. The findings should be affected by scene examination, time factors and context rather than an overreliance on the precision of the laboratory results.

法医科学是一个混合的专业，包括许多化学分支学科，重点关注的是痕迹的概念-痕迹是过去事件的残余。结果应受现场检查、时间因素和环境的影响，而不是过度依赖实验室结果的准确性。

引用次数: 0

A career with an eye to the sky 着眼于天空的职业生涯

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00665-4

A. R. (Ravi) Ravishankara, Stephanie Greed

Ahead of his 75th birthday, A. R. (Ravi) Ravishankara, Professor in the Departments of Chemistry and Atmospheric Science at Colorado State University, reflects on his career in atmospheric chemistry as well as his contribution to combatting the depletion of the ozone layer.

在75岁生日前夕，科罗拉多州立大学化学与大气科学系教授a·r·拉维·拉维什卡拉回顾了他在大气化学领域的职业生涯，以及他为对抗臭氧层损耗所做的贡献。

引用次数: 0

Light-assisted functionalization of aryl radicals towards metal-free cross-coupling 光助芳基自由基官能化，实现无金属交叉耦合。

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00664-5

Huaibo Zhao, Valentina Dafnae Cuomo, Wei Tian, Ciro Romano, David J. Procter

The many synthetic possibilities that arise when using radical intermediates, in place of their polar counterparts, make contemporary radical chemistry research an exhilarating field. The introduction of photocatalysis has helped tame aryl radicals, leading to a resurgence of interest in their chemistry, and an expansion of viable coupling partners and attainable transformations. These methods are more selective and safer than classical approaches, and they utilize new radical precursors. Given the importance of sustainability in current organic synthesis and our interest in light-assisted metal-free transformations, this Review focuses on recent advances in the use of aryl radicals in photoinduced cross-couplings that do not rely on metals for the crucial bond-forming event, and it is structured according to the key step that the aryl radicals engage in. Our improved understanding of how to tame aryl radicals means they are now used in many transformations to access high-value products. This Review provides a summary of contemporary approaches towards the photogeneration of aryl radicals and their use in metal-free cross-coupling reactions.

当使用自由基中间体代替极性对应物时，会产生许多合成可能性，这使得当代自由基化学研究成为一个令人振奋的领域。光催化技术的引入帮助驯服了芳基自由基，使人们对它们的化学性质重新产生了兴趣，并扩大了可行的偶联伙伴和可实现的转化。与传统方法相比，这些方法的选择性更强、更安全，而且利用了新的自由基前体。鉴于可持续发展在当前有机合成中的重要性以及我们对光辅助无金属转化的兴趣，本综述将重点介绍芳基自由基在光诱导交叉耦合中的最新应用进展，这些方法在关键的成键过程中不依赖金属。

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引用次数: 0

Mixing metals with MXenes 将金属与二甲苯混合。

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00674-3

Quazi T. H. Shubhra, Xiaojun Cai

Metal/MXene composites are a combination of metals with highly conductive MXenes that results in an enhanced functionality in energy storage, catalysis, and biomedical applications. However, controlling metal deposition into uniform patterns has been challenging, which impacts their performance. A novel in situ reduction strategy now overcomes these challenges, offering unparalleled ability to control metal size and deposition.

金属/MXene复合材料是金属与高导电性MXene的组合，在能量存储、催化和生物医学应用方面具有增强的功能。然而，控制金属沉积成均匀的模式一直是一个挑战，这影响了它们的性能。现在，一种新的原位还原策略克服了这些挑战，提供了无与伦比的控制金属尺寸和沉积的能力。

引用次数: 0

Presenting the tactile periodic table 展示触觉元素周期表

IF 38.1 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nature reviews. Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00675-2

Michael Fricke, Mona Minkara

Through the collaboration of two members of the ACS Committee on Chemists with Disabilities, a prototype Braille periodic table has been created. This project is part of a wider goal of making chemistry accessible to all.

在美国化学学会残疾化学家委员会两位成员的合作下，盲文元素周期表原型已经制作完成。该项目是实现化学无障碍这一更广泛目标的一部分。

引用次数: 0

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