Segment precision affects the accuracy level of micro machine manufacturing, only for the linear change is not big, more straight segment control, easy to cause dimensional deviation, so a precision control method of micro machine automatic manufacturing based on nanotechnology is proposed. The white noise is selected as random sequence to eliminate the concentrated trend and high frequency components in the input and output data. The precision control parameters of micromechanical automatic manufacturing are adjusted by setting the current loop, speed loop and position loop. According to the setting results, the contact area of micromechanical automation manufacturing is established in the coordinate system o-xy, and the equivalent curvature radius of the contact surface is calculated. Through coordinate transformation, the pressure distribution in the circular contact area is obtained, and the precision control area model of micromanical automation manufacturing is established. According to the model and the finite element analysis method, the control flow is designed to realize the precision control of the automatic manufacturing of micromachines. The experimental results show that the design method can reduce the precision control error of the automatic manufacturing of micromachines and improve the construction level of micromachines.
{"title":"Precision Control of Micromechanical Automatic Manufacturing Based on Nanotechnology","authors":"Ailian Li","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3252","url":null,"abstract":"Segment precision affects the accuracy level of micro machine manufacturing, only for the linear change is not big, more straight segment control, easy to cause dimensional deviation, so a precision control method of micro machine automatic manufacturing based on nanotechnology is proposed.\u0000 The white noise is selected as random sequence to eliminate the concentrated trend and high frequency components in the input and output data. The precision control parameters of micromechanical automatic manufacturing are adjusted by setting the current loop, speed loop and position loop.\u0000 According to the setting results, the contact area of micromechanical automation manufacturing is established in the coordinate system o-xy, and the equivalent curvature radius of the contact surface is calculated. Through coordinate transformation, the pressure distribution in the\u0000 circular contact area is obtained, and the precision control area model of micromanical automation manufacturing is established. According to the model and the finite element analysis method, the control flow is designed to realize the precision control of the automatic manufacturing of micromachines.\u0000 The experimental results show that the design method can reduce the precision control error of the automatic manufacturing of micromachines and improve the construction level of micromachines.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1368-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47985723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erli Wang, G. Zhai, Kaiqing Guo, Bao-ping Jiao, Yingjie Jia
Gastric cancer (GC) is a life-threatening malignant tumor present in the digestive tract. In this study the connection of miR-199a-3p, which is a gene abnormally expressed in GC, was analyzed along with the pathological parameters as well as the prognosis of GC patients. Moreover, the influence of miR-199a-3p inhibitor delivered through the nano-drug delivery system (NDDS) was studied in regard of GC cell survival and metastasis, seeking to reveal its potential treatment effect. During the conduction of the study, high miR-199a-3p expression was detected in GC tissues, sera, and cells along with its value for GC screening and pathological progression. In molecular research, polylactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs)-miRNA complexes that shaped like symmetrical spheres under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) were prepared to increase or decrease the levels of miR-199a-3p. The GC cell survival and metastasis was remarkably facilitated by the elevated miR-199a-3p, and its knockdown produced an opposite effect to markedly inhibit GC cell survival and metastasis. In conclusion, the expression in GC patients was increased by miR-199a-3p and the ability of its inhibitor delivered through the NDDS was demonstrated to control the survival and metastasis of GC cells.
{"title":"miR-199a-3p Inhibitor Delivered Through Nano-Drug Delivery Systems Suppresses Tumor Cell Survival and Metastasis","authors":"Erli Wang, G. Zhai, Kaiqing Guo, Bao-ping Jiao, Yingjie Jia","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3242","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer (GC) is a life-threatening malignant tumor present in the digestive tract. In this study the connection of miR-199a-3p, which is a gene abnormally expressed in GC, was analyzed along with the pathological parameters as well as the prognosis of GC patients. Moreover, the\u0000 influence of miR-199a-3p inhibitor delivered through the nano-drug delivery system (NDDS) was studied in regard of GC cell survival and metastasis, seeking to reveal its potential treatment effect. During the conduction of the study, high miR-199a-3p expression was detected in GC tissues,\u0000 sera, and cells along with its value for GC screening and pathological progression. In molecular research, polylactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs)-miRNA complexes that shaped like symmetrical spheres under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) were prepared to increase or decrease\u0000 the levels of miR-199a-3p. The GC cell survival and metastasis was remarkably facilitated by the elevated miR-199a-3p, and its knockdown produced an opposite effect to markedly inhibit GC cell survival and metastasis. In conclusion, the expression in GC patients was increased by miR-199a-3p\u0000 and the ability of its inhibitor delivered through the NDDS was demonstrated to control the survival and metastasis of GC cells.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1438-1444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43445631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Zhu, Xiao Chong, Yu Zhao, Mingzhe Xu, Lihui Yin
An inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy method was established to detect 29 elemental impurities in ceftriaxone sodium for injection by nanocomposite, and also used to detect the elemental impurities in the generic, domestic original and foreign original ceftriaxone sodium for injection. This paper for the first time analysed the possible sources of elemental impurities and their potential impacts on the drug quality based on the process. The results showed that zinc and potassium were detected in both the generic drug and the domestic original ceftriaxone sodium for injection, and zinc was not detected but potassium was detected in the foreign original drug; the content of zinc in the generic drug was significantly higher than that in the domestic original drug, and the content of potassium in generic drug and domestic original drug was higher than that in the foreign original drug, according to the process, the elemental impurities may come from the activated carbon or nanocarriers used in the process, and further stability analysis of the samples showed that the stability of the generic drug was slightly lower than that of the original drug, so it was speculated that impurity elements might also be one of the reasons for its instability.
{"title":"Nanocomposite Detection of Elemental Impurities and Process Correlation Analysis of Ceftriaxone Sodium for Injection","authors":"Li Zhu, Xiao Chong, Yu Zhao, Mingzhe Xu, Lihui Yin","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3261","url":null,"abstract":"An inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy method was established to detect 29 elemental impurities in ceftriaxone sodium for injection by nanocomposite, and also used to detect the elemental impurities in the generic, domestic original and foreign original ceftriaxone sodium for injection.\u0000 This paper for the first time analysed the possible sources of elemental impurities and their potential impacts on the drug quality based on the process. The results showed that zinc and potassium were detected in both the generic drug and the domestic original ceftriaxone sodium for injection,\u0000 and zinc was not detected but potassium was detected in the foreign original drug; the content of zinc in the generic drug was significantly higher than that in the domestic original drug, and the content of potassium in generic drug and domestic original drug was higher than that in the foreign\u0000 original drug, according to the process, the elemental impurities may come from the activated carbon or nanocarriers used in the process, and further stability analysis of the samples showed that the stability of the generic drug was slightly lower than that of the original drug, so it was\u0000 speculated that impurity elements might also be one of the reasons for its instability.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1458-1463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43129730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The morbidity of liver cancer (LC) is increasing and its high mortality poses a significant health threat worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the underlying mechanism of LC development and progression. The expression of miR-144-3p and ZEB1 gene in LC and paracanerous tissues was measured by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We transfected miR-144-3p-mimics, miR-NC, si-ZEB1, and si-NC into HepG2, Huh-7, and HL-7702 normal liver cells to establish a cell model. Protein expression was examined by western blot (WB) analysis. Cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis were assessed by CCK-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays. The relationship between miR-144-3p and ZEB1 was determined using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. We found that miR-144-3p expression decreased dramatically, whereas ZEB1 increased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, over-expressing miR-144-3p suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was consistent with the induction of apoptosis. The relationship between miR-144-3p and ZEB1 was confirmed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, rescue experiments revealed that over-expressing ZEB1 counteracted miR-144-3p inhibition on LC cell growth, invasion, and apoptosis induction. We conclude that miR-144-3p suppresses HCC cell growth and invasion and promotes apoptosis by regulating ZEB1 expression, suggesting that this interaction may represent a target for HCC treatment.
{"title":"Role and Clinical Significance of miR-144-3p in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Xianghua Sun, Fushun Li, Qing Liu, Xilu Liu, G. Dong, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3256","url":null,"abstract":"The morbidity of liver cancer (LC) is increasing and its high mortality poses a significant health threat worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the underlying mechanism of LC development and progression. The expression of miR-144-3p and ZEB1 gene in LC and paracanerous tissues\u0000 was measured by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We transfected miR-144-3p-mimics, miR-NC, si-ZEB1, and si-NC into HepG2, Huh-7, and HL-7702 normal liver cells to establish a cell model. Protein expression was examined by western blot (WB) analysis. Cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis\u0000 were assessed by CCK-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays. The relationship between miR-144-3p and ZEB1 was determined using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. We found that miR-144-3p expression decreased dramatically, whereas ZEB1 increased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover,\u0000 over-expressing miR-144-3p suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was consistent with the induction of apoptosis. The relationship between miR-144-3p and ZEB1 was confirmed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, rescue experiments\u0000 revealed that over-expressing ZEB1 counteracted miR-144-3p inhibition on LC cell growth, invasion, and apoptosis induction. We conclude that miR-144-3p suppresses HCC cell growth and invasion and promotes apoptosis by regulating ZEB1 expression, suggesting that this interaction may represent\u0000 a target for HCC treatment.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1413-1421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46173968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanodrug delivery systems have recently become widely studied and applied in the medical field, and nanomaterials have greatly improved drugs’ efficacy. Ulinastatin has been confirmed to inhibit myocardial damage caused by sepsis. However, the effect and mechanism of ulinastatin-gold nanoparticles (UTI-GN) on sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis are unknown. Here we explore the effect and mechanism of UTI-GN on sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate rat cardiomyocytes to construct an in vitro sepsis model. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay detected cellular inflammatory factors NF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Western blots measured iNOS and COX-2 expression. Based on LPS-treated cells, different concentrations of UTI-GN were applied to cardiomyocytes. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) experiments and flow cytometry measured cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Western blots evaluated apoptotic protein expression of NF-κB, iNOS, and COX-2. The NF-κB pathway inhibitor BAY11-7082 was further used to explore whether UTI-GN played a regulatory role through the NF-κB pathway. LPS promotes NF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production and iNOS and COX-2 expression in cardiomyocytes. The results of the MTT experiment showed that UTI-GN has little toxicity to cardiomyocytes. The flow cytometry and western blot experiments showed that UTI-GN promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited NF-κB expression. Additionally, the NF-κB pathway inhibitor BAY11-7082 counteracts the UTI-GN effect. UTI-GN inhibits sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through NF-κB pathway inhibition.
近年来，纳米给药系统在医学领域得到了广泛的研究和应用，纳米材料极大地提高了药物的疗效。乌司他丁已被证实对脓毒症引起的心肌损害有抑制作用。然而，乌司他丁-金纳米颗粒(UTI-GN)对脓毒症诱导的心肌细胞凋亡的作用和机制尚不清楚。本研究探讨UTI-GN在脓毒症诱导的心肌细胞凋亡中的作用及其机制。采用脂多糖(LPS)刺激大鼠心肌细胞，建立体外脓毒症模型。酶联免疫吸附法检测细胞炎症因子NF-α、IL-1β和IL-6。Western blots检测iNOS和COX-2的表达。在lps处理细胞的基础上，将不同浓度的UTI-GN应用于心肌细胞。3-(4,5-二甲基-2-噻唑基)-2,5-二苯基-2- h -溴化四唑(MTT)实验和流式细胞术分别测定细胞活力和凋亡。Western blots检测NF-κB、iNOS、COX-2的凋亡蛋白表达。进一步利用NF-κB通路抑制剂BAY11-7082探讨UTI-GN是否通过NF-κB通路发挥调节作用。LPS促进心肌细胞NF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的产生以及iNOS和COX-2的表达。MTT实验结果显示，UTI-GN对心肌细胞毒性较小。流式细胞术和western blot实验显示，UTI-GN促进细胞凋亡，抑制NF-κB表达。此外，NF-κB通路抑制剂BAY11-7082可抵消UTI-GN的作用。UTI-GN通过抑制NF-κB通路抑制败血症诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。
{"title":"Ulinastatin-Gold Nanoparticles Reduce Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Through NF-κB Pathway Inactivation","authors":"Lihua Xiao, Yan Chen","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3253","url":null,"abstract":"Nanodrug delivery systems have recently become widely studied and applied in the medical field, and nanomaterials have greatly improved drugs’ efficacy. Ulinastatin has been confirmed to inhibit myocardial damage caused by sepsis. However, the effect and mechanism of ulinastatin-gold\u0000 nanoparticles (UTI-GN) on sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis are unknown. Here we explore the effect and mechanism of UTI-GN on sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate rat cardiomyocytes to construct an in vitro sepsis model. Enzymelinked\u0000 immunosorbent assay detected cellular inflammatory factors NF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Western blots measured iNOS and COX-2 expression. Based on LPS-treated cells, different concentrations of UTI-GN were applied to cardiomyocytes. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium\u0000 bromide (MTT) experiments and flow cytometry measured cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Western blots evaluated apoptotic protein expression of NF-κB, iNOS, and COX-2. The NF-κB pathway inhibitor BAY11-7082 was further used to explore whether UTI-GN played\u0000 a regulatory role through the NF-κB pathway. LPS promotes NF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production and iNOS and COX-2 expression in cardiomyocytes. The results of the MTT experiment showed that UTI-GN has little toxicity to cardiomyocytes. The flow cytometry and\u0000 western blot experiments showed that UTI-GN promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited NF-κB expression. Additionally, the NF-κB pathway inhibitor BAY11-7082 counteracts the UTI-GN effect. UTI-GN inhibits sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through NF-κB\u0000 pathway inhibition.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1399-1405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46443872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed at analyzing the effects of liposomal nanoparticle-based miR-27b on PPARγ and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under microgravity. The rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were set as the research object, and the gyroscope was employed for simulation of microgravity. The cells were randomized into four groups, including the experimental group A (simulated microgravity+liposomal nanoparticle-mediated miR-27b transfection group), as well as the control groups: group B (simulated microgravity+negative control group), group C (simulated microgravity+transfection reagent group) and group D (normal gravity+liposomal nanoparticle-mediatedmiR-27b transfection group). After a two-week osteogenic induction in vitro, staining was performed to assess the lipogenesis rate of the samples. In addition, ALP activity and PPARγ mRNA level was detected. The number of alizarin staining-positive osteogenic nodules and ALP activity (0.21±0.44 King unit) in group A was significantly diminished compared to those in group B, C, and D. Moreover, its lipogenesis rate (9.31±1.02%) and PPARγ mRNA level (1.86±0.39) were significantly higher than those in group B, C, and D (P < 0.05). The number of alizarin staining-positive osteogenic nodules and ALP activity (0.96±0.18 King unit) in group D were significantly reduced in comparison with those in groups B and C, while the lipogenesis rate (4.86±0.77%) and PPARγ mRNA level (0.93±0.34) were significantly higher than those in group B and C (P < 0.05) without difference between group B and group C (P > 0.05). Under a microgravity condition, liposomal nanoparticle-mediated miR-27b can impede the differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts via regulating PPARγ signal transduction.
本研究旨在分析基于脂质体纳米颗粒的miR-27b对微重力下骨髓间充质干细胞PPARγ和成骨分化的影响。以大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞为研究对象，利用陀螺仪模拟微重力环境。将细胞随机分为实验A组(模拟微重力+脂质体纳米颗粒介导的miR-27b转染组)和对照组:B组(模拟微重力+阴性对照组)、C组(模拟微重力+转染试剂组)和D组(正常重力+脂质体纳米颗粒介导的miR-27b转染组)。体外成骨诱导两周后，染色评估样品的脂肪生成率。同时检测ALP活性和PPARγ mRNA水平。与B、C、D组相比，A组茜素染色阳性的成骨结节数量和ALP活性(0.21±0.44 King unit)均显著降低，脂肪生成率(9.31±1.02%)和PPARγ mRNA水平(1.86±0.39)均显著高于B、C、D组(P < 0.05)。与B、C组相比，D组茜素染色阳性成骨结节数和ALP活性(0.96±0.18 King unit)显著降低，脂肪生成率(4.86±0.77%)和PPARγ mRNA水平(0.93±0.34)显著高于B、C组(P < 0.05)， B、C组差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。在微重力条件下，脂质体纳米颗粒介导的miR-27b可通过调节PPARγ信号转导阻碍骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞的分化。
{"title":"Liposomal Nanoparticle-Mediated miR-27b Influences Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in a Microgravity Environment","authors":"Zhiwei He, Yan Zhu, Gentao Fan, H. Qian","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3236","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at analyzing the effects of liposomal nanoparticle-based miR-27b on PPARγ and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under microgravity. The rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were set as the research object, and the gyroscope\u0000 was employed for simulation of microgravity. The cells were randomized into four groups, including the experimental group A (simulated microgravity+liposomal nanoparticle-mediated miR-27b transfection group), as well as the control groups: group B (simulated microgravity+negative control group),\u0000 group C (simulated microgravity+transfection reagent group) and group D (normal gravity+liposomal nanoparticle-mediatedmiR-27b transfection group). After a two-week osteogenic induction in vitro, staining was performed to assess the lipogenesis rate of the samples. In addition, ALP\u0000 activity and PPARγ mRNA level was detected. The number of alizarin staining-positive osteogenic nodules and ALP activity (0.21±0.44 King unit) in group A was significantly diminished compared to those in group B, C, and D. Moreover, its lipogenesis rate (9.31±1.02%)\u0000 and PPARγ mRNA level (1.86±0.39) were significantly higher than those in group B, C, and D (P < 0.05). The number of alizarin staining-positive osteogenic nodules and ALP activity (0.96±0.18 King unit) in group D were significantly reduced in comparison\u0000 with those in groups B and C, while the lipogenesis rate (4.86±0.77%) and PPARγ mRNA level (0.93±0.34) were significantly higher than those in group B and C (P < 0.05) without difference between group B and group C (P > 0.05). Under a microgravity\u0000 condition, liposomal nanoparticle-mediated miR-27b can impede the differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts via regulating PPARγ signal transduction.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1301-1308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45525223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose of the present research is to detail the importance of using a fuzzy soft-β-open set and study its characteristics and applications. Also, we introduce more basic fuzzy-soft topological concepts, namely, fuzzy soft-β-interior, fuzzy soft-β-closure, operators based on fuzzy soft-β-open set, and also present more of their properties. The connections between them as well as other concepts are listed. This notion is used to introduce a proposed approximation of fuzzy-soft space as per the fuzzy soft-β set as a generalization for the fuzzy-soft approximation space. This research also attempted on revealing that this model presents higher accuracy calculation and is better as compared to all other models. The results are given using the MATLAB program. It occurs in many areas of science and technology.
{"title":"Topological Approach on Fuzzy Soft β-Closure and Fuzzy Soft β-Interior and Its Application in Decision Making","authors":"M. E. Safty, A. Mousa, S. A. Alblowi, M. Sayed","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3214","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the present research is to detail the importance of using a fuzzy soft-β-open set and study its characteristics and applications. Also, we introduce more basic fuzzy-soft topological concepts, namely, fuzzy soft-β-interior, fuzzy soft-β-closure,\u0000 operators based on fuzzy soft-β-open set, and also present more of their properties. The connections between them as well as other concepts are listed. This notion is used to introduce a proposed approximation of fuzzy-soft space as per the fuzzy soft-β set as a generalization\u0000 for the fuzzy-soft approximation space. This research also attempted on revealing that this model presents higher accuracy calculation and is better as compared to all other models. The results are given using the MATLAB program. It occurs in many areas of science and technology.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1329-1336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43539124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long Qin, Qiao Wang, Dongliang Zhang, Xin He, Binbin Wu
The different positions and angles of attachment affecting the buccolingual movement of the maxillary molars, especially lingual tipping and negative torque movements, were biomechanically analyzed in order to determine how to better control and prevent unwanted movement of clear aligners. The aligner can be designed and placed appropriately to improve expected tooth movement. Based on mechanical principles, the force system of attachment was analyzed, and the optimum attachment position and angle for tipping and negative torque movement was determined. Attachment close to the enamel-cementum junction (ECJ) was found to achieve the best F (M/L) during negative torque movement; however, the angle should also be adjusted. Attachment close to the occlusal surface achieved greater tipping force at specific angles. When more tipping movement is required, it is recommended to place the attachment 3–5 mm from the ECJ. The angle of the attachment should be 110–120 degrees from the tooth surface. When place the attachment 4–5 mm from the ECJ, the angle of the attachment should be between 145 and 146.5 degrees.
{"title":"Optimized Attachment to Achieve Different Buccolingual Movement of Maxillary Molars in Clear Aligner Orthodontic System: Biomechanical Analysis","authors":"Long Qin, Qiao Wang, Dongliang Zhang, Xin He, Binbin Wu","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3151","url":null,"abstract":"The different positions and angles of attachment affecting the buccolingual movement of the maxillary molars, especially lingual tipping and negative torque movements, were biomechanically analyzed in order to determine how to better control and prevent unwanted movement of clear aligners.\u0000 The aligner can be designed and placed appropriately to improve expected tooth movement. Based on mechanical principles, the force system of attachment was analyzed, and the optimum attachment position and angle for tipping and negative torque movement was determined. Attachment close to the\u0000 enamel-cementum junction (ECJ) was found to achieve the best F (M/L) during negative torque movement; however, the angle should also be adjusted. Attachment close to the occlusal surface achieved greater tipping force at specific angles. When more tipping movement is required, it is recommended\u0000 to place the attachment 3–5 mm from the ECJ. The angle of the attachment should be 110–120 degrees from the tooth surface. When place the attachment 4–5 mm from the ECJ, the angle of the attachment should be between 145 and 146.5 degrees.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1249-1254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41467965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shirun Chu, Fang Chen, Jun Li, Mei-Kwei Yang, Jun Yue, G. Qian
The present study was aimed at investigating anti-bacterial effects of Bletilla striata dihydrophenanthrene (DHP) on clinically isolated Escherichia coli (E. coli), including extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-carrying E. coli and carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CRE). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of two extracts, DHP and residual substances extracted by ethanol and n-butanol (NBE), were determined by the serial dilution method. The light absorption value of macromolecular substances, total leakage rate, and total protein content in the nutrient solution were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. Quantification of protein expression and drug susceptibility verification were determined by mass spectroscopy. In addition, the elimination of drug-resistant plasmids was evaluated. Our data showed that the DHP had a more powerful antibacterial effect on E. coli than that of NBE, with MICs of 0.82–1.38 mg/mL and 1.07–1.51 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, DHP enhanced the absorbance value of macromolecular substances, and increased protein expression in E. coli when compared with NBE. Moreover, NBE increased the total leakage rate of small molecule substances, total protein content, and reversed drug resistance when compared with DHP. Both NBE and DHP eliminated the banding patterns related to multidrugresistant plasmids, selectively inhibited bacterial growth and reversed multidrug resistance by regulating cell membrane permeability and protein expression levels in E. coli. The reversal of drug resistance may be mediated through elimination of drug-resistant plasmids in E. coli. Therefore, DHP and NBE may be promising antibacterial drug candidates, and DHP is more likely.
{"title":"Anti-Bacterial Properties of Bletilla striata Dihydrophenanthrene Against Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases-Carrying and Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli from Hospital Clinical Practice","authors":"Shirun Chu, Fang Chen, Jun Li, Mei-Kwei Yang, Jun Yue, G. Qian","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3243","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed at investigating anti-bacterial effects of Bletilla striata dihydrophenanthrene (DHP) on clinically isolated Escherichia coli (E. coli), including extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-carrying E. coli and carbapenem-resistant\u0000 E. coli (CRE). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of two extracts, DHP and residual substances extracted by ethanol and n-butanol (NBE), were determined by the serial dilution method. The light absorption value of macromolecular substances, total leakage rate, and total protein\u0000 content in the nutrient solution were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. Quantification of protein expression and drug susceptibility verification were determined by mass spectroscopy. In addition, the elimination of drug-resistant plasmids was evaluated. Our data showed that the DHP\u0000 had a more powerful antibacterial effect on E. coli than that of NBE, with MICs of 0.82–1.38 mg/mL and 1.07–1.51 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, DHP enhanced the absorbance value of macromolecular substances, and increased protein expression in E. coli when compared\u0000 with NBE. Moreover, NBE increased the total leakage rate of small molecule substances, total protein content, and reversed drug resistance when compared with DHP. Both NBE and DHP eliminated the banding patterns related to multidrugresistant plasmids, selectively inhibited bacterial growth\u0000 and reversed multidrug resistance by regulating cell membrane permeability and protein expression levels in E. coli. The reversal of drug resistance may be mediated through elimination of drug-resistant plasmids in E. coli. Therefore, DHP and NBE may be promising antibacterial\u0000 drug candidates, and DHP is more likely.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1272-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48740553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinjun Liu, Qingjie Li, J. Yun, Jing Liu, Yunlan Jiang
Diabetic wound, a common complication in patients with diabetes, is difficult to treat because of the long-term consequences of accumulating advanced glycation end products and high glucose levels. Moreover, wound infections occur frequently in diabetes; therefore, developing effective treatments is of great significance for healing diabetic wounds. Electrospun nanofibers have played a favorable role in wound healing, but the efficacy in diabetes is yet to be investigated. This study used mouse models of DW in order to determine the effect of electrospun nanofibers on wound healing. It turned out that electrospun nanofibers increased the healing rate in mice and inhibited levels of inflammatory cytokines, as well as activated epidermal growth factor (EGF). In vitro experiments revealed that the migration and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were enhanced after the intervention. Overall, electrospun nanofibers can improve the healing of diabetic wounds significantly.
{"title":"Effect of Electrospun Nanofibers on Diabetic Wound Healing and Epidermal Growth Factor","authors":"Xinjun Liu, Qingjie Li, J. Yun, Jing Liu, Yunlan Jiang","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3239","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic wound, a common complication in patients with diabetes, is difficult to treat because of the long-term consequences of accumulating advanced glycation end products and high glucose levels. Moreover, wound infections occur frequently in diabetes; therefore, developing effective\u0000 treatments is of great significance for healing diabetic wounds. Electrospun nanofibers have played a favorable role in wound healing, but the efficacy in diabetes is yet to be investigated. This study used mouse models of DW in order to determine the effect of electrospun nanofibers on wound\u0000 healing. It turned out that electrospun nanofibers increased the healing rate in mice and inhibited levels of inflammatory cytokines, as well as activated epidermal growth factor (EGF). In vitro experiments revealed that the migration and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells\u0000 (HUVECs) were enhanced after the intervention. Overall, electrospun nanofibers can improve the healing of diabetic wounds significantly.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1265-1271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45773307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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