The main purpose of this study was to explore treatment effect of hydroxychloroquine-loaded OX7 nanoliposomes in murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease model. Modification of OX7 monoclonal antibody conferred hydroxychloroquine-loaded OX7 nanoliposomes targeting to renal mesangial cells. The SLE mice models were treated with functional nano liposome via tail vein injection, and then the therapeutic effects on lupus nephritis and complicated pneumonia were evaluated. Our research showed that chronic graft versus host disease lupus nephritis mice model has similar characteristic features of renal pathological damage with human SLE, and is reliable for related study. The symptoms and incidence of pneumonia in model mice were significantly alleviated and reduced after treatment with functional nano liposomes prepared in this experiment.
{"title":"Construction of Functional Renal Targeting Nano Drug Liposome and Its Effect on Lupus Nephritis","authors":"Dagui Chen, Fusheng Shang, Shuyang Zhang, Danhuan Zhang","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3262","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to explore treatment effect of hydroxychloroquine-loaded OX7 nanoliposomes in murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease model. Modification of OX7 monoclonal antibody conferred hydroxychloroquine-loaded OX7 nanoliposomes targeting to renal\u0000 mesangial cells. The SLE mice models were treated with functional nano liposome via tail vein injection, and then the therapeutic effects on lupus nephritis and complicated pneumonia were evaluated. Our research showed that chronic graft versus host disease lupus nephritis mice model has similar\u0000 characteristic features of renal pathological damage with human SLE, and is reliable for related study. The symptoms and incidence of pneumonia in model mice were significantly alleviated and reduced after treatment with functional nano liposomes prepared in this experiment.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1386-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44881793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a new type of environmental protection material, micro nanowood powder has a great relationship with mesh number and wood species, and the premise of wood property recognition is accurate extraction of cell parameters. Adhesion often exists in the cell images of coniferous wood, and the right segmentation of adhesion cells constitutes the prerequisite to ensure the accuracy of the identification of species. In this paper, we have put forward a method based on mathematical morphology for the segmentation of adherent cells, and we have compared the method with that of parallel cells and series cells respectively. As shown by the experimental results, the method proposed in this study proves to be effective for two ordinary adherent cells thanks to its optimal stability and robustness.
{"title":"Method of Adhesion Cell Segmentation Based on Mathematical Morphology in the Preparation of Micro Nanowood Powder","authors":"Lei Zhao, Jianhua Wang","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3258","url":null,"abstract":"As a new type of environmental protection material, micro nanowood powder has a great relationship with mesh number and wood species, and the premise of wood property recognition is accurate extraction of cell parameters. Adhesion often exists in the cell images of coniferous wood,\u0000 and the right segmentation of adhesion cells constitutes the prerequisite to ensure the accuracy of the identification of species. In this paper, we have put forward a method based on mathematical morphology for the segmentation of adherent cells, and we have compared the method with that\u0000 of parallel cells and series cells respectively. As shown by the experimental results, the method proposed in this study proves to be effective for two ordinary adherent cells thanks to its optimal stability and robustness.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1452-1457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47936320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanoparticles play a major role in drug delivery. We investigated the effects of the intelligent administration of insulin-loaded nanoparticles (ILNP) when combined with a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on the metabolism of patients with type 2 diabetes. ILNP and smart vesicle polymers were developed, and their properties were studied in vitro. Further clinical trials were performed, during which body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were compared between type 2 diabetes patients on LCDs those on normal diets. The results demonstrated that ILNP resisted protease degradation due to steric hindrance, and remained relatively stable at a pH range of 5.0 to 7.4. The nanoparticle enteric-coated capsules resisted the gastric juice acidity (pH = 2.5) and ensured the stable embedding of the insulin. The insulin was then released at a slightly higher pH (pH = 6.6), which mimicked the small intestine. Smart vesicle polymers further embedded the insulin and glucose oxidase simultaneously in nano polymer compounds, which allowed for a dose-dependent response to the concentration of glucose. Thus, the insulin was not released in a low-concentration glucose solution, but rather in a high-concentration glucose solution. Based on these results, we concluded that the clinical trial results showed that the intelligent administration of ILNP combined with a LCD reduced BMI, FBG, and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Effect of Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with the Aid of Intelligent Administration of Insulin-Loaded Nanoparticle","authors":"Xiaofan Zhang, Youyou Zhang, Lingjia Gu, Haiying Tao, Shuang Zhu","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3255","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles play a major role in drug delivery. We investigated the effects of the intelligent administration of insulin-loaded nanoparticles (ILNP) when combined with a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on the metabolism of patients with type 2 diabetes. ILNP and smart vesicle polymers\u0000 were developed, and their properties were studied in vitro. Further clinical trials were performed, during which body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were compared between type 2 diabetes patients on LCDs those on normal diets.\u0000 The results demonstrated that ILNP resisted protease degradation due to steric hindrance, and remained relatively stable at a pH range of 5.0 to 7.4. The nanoparticle enteric-coated capsules resisted the gastric juice acidity (pH = 2.5) and ensured the stable embedding of the insulin. The\u0000 insulin was then released at a slightly higher pH (pH = 6.6), which mimicked the small intestine. Smart vesicle polymers further embedded the insulin and glucose oxidase simultaneously in nano polymer compounds, which allowed for a dose-dependent response to the concentration of glucose. Thus,\u0000 the insulin was not released in a low-concentration glucose solution, but rather in a high-concentration glucose solution. Based on these results, we concluded that the clinical trial results showed that the intelligent administration of ILNP combined with a LCD reduced BMI, FBG, and HbA1c\u0000 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1445-1451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47017666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 protein is a biomarker of HPV infection. The identification of HPV L1 protein provides valuable information regarding the viral infection status, reflect the status of HPV virus replication in cervical cells, and help understand cervical lesions Fade and progress. Graphene oxide is an important nanomaterial. Owing to the optical properties of graphene oxide (GO) itself and the interaction between GO and HPV16 L1 nucleic acid aptamer, we established a method for quantitative detection of HPV16 L1 protein by UV absorption spectrophotometry. The recovery rate of the method is 87%–102%, and the limit of detection is 2 pg/mL. We analyzed the HPV16 L1 protein quantitatively in clinical samples by adopting this method. The current method is simple and has promising reliability and profound sensitivity.
{"title":"Competitive Adsorption on Nanomaterials for Human Papillomavirus 16 L1 Protein Sensitive Detection","authors":"Li Zhu, Yu Zhao, S. Yao, Mingzhe Xu, Lihui Yin","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3248","url":null,"abstract":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 protein is a biomarker of HPV infection. The identification of HPV L1 protein provides valuable information regarding the viral infection status, reflect the status of HPV virus replication in cervical cells, and help understand cervical lesions Fade and\u0000 progress. Graphene oxide is an important nanomaterial. Owing to the optical properties of graphene oxide (GO) itself and the interaction between GO and HPV16 L1 nucleic acid aptamer, we established a method for quantitative detection of HPV16 L1 protein by UV absorption spectrophotometry.\u0000 The recovery rate of the method is 87%–102%, and the limit of detection is 2 pg/mL. We analyzed the HPV16 L1 protein quantitatively in clinical samples by adopting this method. The current method is simple and has promising reliability and profound sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1392-1398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46018205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Xiao, H. Wan, Xuping Xiao, Wen-ke Zhou, Xiaoyan Shi, Liang Li, Qin Xiang
Postoperative bacterial infections are a major obstacle to patient recovery after total laryngectomy, and the development of antibiotics seemed to satisfactorily solve this problem. However, bacteria develop drug resistance to a large number of antibiotic drugs and form “superbugs,” which cause great harm to the public health. Based on this, the development of new antimicrobials has become the focus of research worldwide. In this study, we prepared a hyaluronic acid/silver nanocluster (HA/Ag NC) composite hydrogel based on a hyaluronic acid carrier and proved with clinical trials that it has an excellent antibacterial effect and can significantly reduce the incidence of inflammatory reactions in postoperative patients. In addition, the hydrogel effectively promotes the healing of surgical incisions and accelerates the proliferation of granulation tissue. As a result, the HA/Ag NCs compound hydrogel can offers a high-quality healing effect in patients after total laryngectomy.
{"title":"Nursing Effect of Hyaluronic Acid/Silver Nanoclusters on Patients After Total Laryngectomy","authors":"H. Xiao, H. Wan, Xuping Xiao, Wen-ke Zhou, Xiaoyan Shi, Liang Li, Qin Xiang","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3260","url":null,"abstract":"Postoperative bacterial infections are a major obstacle to patient recovery after total laryngectomy, and the development of antibiotics seemed to satisfactorily solve this problem. However, bacteria develop drug resistance to a large number of antibiotic drugs and form “superbugs,”\u0000 which cause great harm to the public health. Based on this, the development of new antimicrobials has become the focus of research worldwide. In this study, we prepared a hyaluronic acid/silver nanocluster (HA/Ag NC) composite hydrogel based on a hyaluronic acid carrier and proved with clinical\u0000 trials that it has an excellent antibacterial effect and can significantly reduce the incidence of inflammatory reactions in postoperative patients. In addition, the hydrogel effectively promotes the healing of surgical incisions and accelerates the proliferation of granulation tissue. As\u0000 a result, the HA/Ag NCs compound hydrogel can offers a high-quality healing effect in patients after total laryngectomy.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1406-1412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48485432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaodong Lin, Jiakang Ma, Kaikai Ren, M. Hou, B. Zhou, Yong Shen, Ling Zhang, Ling Yuan, Jun Ma
Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer (PC) faces significant challenges. It is urgent to find immunerelated genes for targeted therapy. We aimed to identify immune-related messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) with multiple methods of comprehensive immunoenrichment analysis in predicting survival of PC. PC genomics and clinical data were downloaded from TCGA. We analyzed relative enrichment of 29 immune cells using ssGSEA and classified PC samples into three immuneinfiltrating subgroups. Immune cell infiltration level and pathways were evaluated by ESTIMATE data and KEGG. Independent risk factors were derived from the combined analysis of WGCNA, LASSO regression and Cox regression analyses. Immune risk score was calculated according to four mRNAs to identify its value in predicting survival. PPI analysis was used to analyze the connections and potential pathways among genes. Finally, PC samples were classified into three immuneinfiltrating subgroups. Immunity high subgroup had higher immune score, soakage of immune cells, HLA/PD-L1 expression level, immune-related pathways enrichment and better survivability. Four potential prognostic immune-related genes (ITGB7, RAC2, DNASE1L3, and TRAF1) were identified. Immune risk score could be a potential survival prediction indictor with high sensitivity and specificity (AUC values = 0.708, HR = 1.445). A PPI network with seven nodes and five potential targeted pathways were generated. In conclusion, we estimated the state of immune infiltration in the PC tumor microenvironment by calculating stromal and immune cells enrichment with ssGSEA algorithms, and identified four prognostic immune-related genes that affect the proportion and distribution of immune cells infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. They lay a theoretical foundation to be important immunity targets of individual treatment in PC.
{"title":"Identification of Immune-Related Prognostic Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"Xiaodong Lin, Jiakang Ma, Kaikai Ren, M. Hou, B. Zhou, Yong Shen, Ling Zhang, Ling Yuan, Jun Ma","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3251","url":null,"abstract":"Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer (PC) faces significant challenges. It is urgent to find immunerelated genes for targeted therapy. We aimed to identify immune-related messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) with multiple methods of comprehensive immunoenrichment analysis in predicting\u0000 survival of PC. PC genomics and clinical data were downloaded from TCGA. We analyzed relative enrichment of 29 immune cells using ssGSEA and classified PC samples into three immuneinfiltrating subgroups. Immune cell infiltration level and pathways were evaluated by ESTIMATE data and KEGG.\u0000 Independent risk factors were derived from the combined analysis of WGCNA, LASSO regression and Cox regression analyses. Immune risk score was calculated according to four mRNAs to identify its value in predicting survival. PPI analysis was used to analyze the connections and potential pathways\u0000 among genes. Finally, PC samples were classified into three immuneinfiltrating subgroups. Immunity high subgroup had higher immune score, soakage of immune cells, HLA/PD-L1 expression level, immune-related pathways enrichment and better survivability. Four potential prognostic immune-related\u0000 genes (ITGB7, RAC2, DNASE1L3, and TRAF1) were identified. Immune risk score could be a potential survival prediction indictor with high sensitivity and specificity (AUC values = 0.708, HR = 1.445). A PPI network with seven nodes and five potential targeted pathways were generated. In conclusion,\u0000 we estimated the state of immune infiltration in the PC tumor microenvironment by calculating stromal and immune cells enrichment with ssGSEA algorithms, and identified four prognostic immune-related genes that affect the proportion and distribution of immune cells infiltration in the tumor\u0000 microenvironment. They lay a theoretical foundation to be important immunity targets of individual treatment in PC.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1355-1367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41721374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A drug delivery system based on nanomaterials has demonstrated a powerful function in disease treatment. In this study, a titanium-dioxide-nanotube-based cisplatin (nano-TiO2-DDP) delivery system was designed, and its effects in rats with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and on tumor cells were analyzed. First, we obtained electrochemistry anodic oxidation (EAO) for the preparation of Nnano-TiO2, which was adopted as the carrier of cisplatin (CDDP). Then, we used a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to characterize and study the surface morphology of nano-TiO2. At the cellular level, flow cytometry, MTT, and Transwell assays were performed to analyze the apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion of cells treated by nano-TiO2-DDP, respectively. At the animal level, a xenotransplantation model was established for evaluating tumor growth and changes in experimental animals after injection of nano-TiO2-DDP. As a result, nano-TiO2-DDP strongly suppressed the invasion and vitality of tumor cells, induced their apoptosis, and delivered DDP more efficiently than did systems without a nano-TiO2 structure. In addition, injected nano-TiO2-DDP strongly inhibited the growth of solid tumors in vivo. Therefore, we believe that nano-TiO2-DDP can effectively suppress the growth of NPC, and it is more efficient than conventional drugs.
{"title":"The Effects of Nanometer Titanium Dioxide on Tumor Cells and in Rats with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma","authors":"Hui Liu, Peng Zhang, Fang Zhang, Qing Liu","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3250","url":null,"abstract":"A drug delivery system based on nanomaterials has demonstrated a powerful function in disease treatment. In this study, a titanium-dioxide-nanotube-based cisplatin (nano-TiO2-DDP) delivery system was designed, and its effects in rats with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and\u0000 on tumor cells were analyzed. First, we obtained electrochemistry anodic oxidation (EAO) for the preparation of Nnano-TiO2, which was adopted as the carrier of cisplatin (CDDP). Then, we used a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to characterize and study the surface morphology of\u0000 nano-TiO2. At the cellular level, flow cytometry, MTT, and Transwell assays were performed to analyze the apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion of cells treated by nano-TiO2-DDP, respectively. At the animal level, a xenotransplantation model was established for evaluating\u0000 tumor growth and changes in experimental animals after injection of nano-TiO2-DDP. As a result, nano-TiO2-DDP strongly suppressed the invasion and vitality of tumor cells, induced their apoptosis, and delivered DDP more efficiently than did systems without a nano-TiO2\u0000 structure. In addition, injected nano-TiO2-DDP strongly inhibited the growth of solid tumors in vivo. Therefore, we believe that nano-TiO2-DDP can effectively suppress the growth of NPC, and it is more efficient than conventional drugs.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1431-1437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48964164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juntong Zhou, Xiao Wu, Yuezhu Ma, Zhenpeng Wang, Qing Huo
Cerebrovascular and functional neurological lesions are the major disorders threatening human health and quality of life. The presence of the blood-brain barrier seriously affects the distribution and efficacy of various drugs in the brain. Ginkgolide B (GB) and Puerarin (Pue) are active pharmaceutical ingredients for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Here, we have developed a novel strategy to construct a GB-Pue niosomal composite drug. The in vitro cytology study of the niosomal composite drug showed that 20 mmol/L glutamate resulted in a mortality of 50–60% in the SHSY-5Y cells, while 30 μmol/L niosomal composite drug resulted in a survival rate of 95.2% in the SHSY-5Y cells with a maximum uptake value of 3.5 μg/mg and a peak uptake time at 2 hr. The monolayer cells reached a maximum transepithelial/endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) value of 626 Ω*cm2 at 36 hr in culture, and the cellular integrity was negatively correlated with the amount of drug accumulated in the cells. The accumulated GB and Pue in cells reached 86.53% and 76.49%, respectively. The 30 μmol/L composite drug preparation provided a higher cell survival rate in the glutamate (Glu) injured cells compared to the single drug preparations. Therefore, the composite preparation of the two drugs generated a synergistic effect, meeting the requirement for a combined use. The cell transmembrane transport experiments demonstrated that the pharmaceutical preparations traversed the blood-brain barrier through the active transport of cells.
{"title":"Uptake and Transport Mechanisms of Ginkgolide B Niosomal Composite Drug Through the Blood-Brain Barrier","authors":"Juntong Zhou, Xiao Wu, Yuezhu Ma, Zhenpeng Wang, Qing Huo","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3257","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebrovascular and functional neurological lesions are the major disorders threatening human health and quality of life. The presence of the blood-brain barrier seriously affects the distribution and efficacy of various drugs in the brain. Ginkgolide B (GB) and Puerarin (Pue) are active\u0000 pharmaceutical ingredients for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Here, we have developed a novel strategy to construct a GB-Pue niosomal composite drug. The in vitro cytology study of the niosomal composite drug showed that 20 mmol/L glutamate resulted in a mortality of 50–60%\u0000 in the SHSY-5Y cells, while 30 μmol/L niosomal composite drug resulted in a survival rate of 95.2% in the SHSY-5Y cells with a maximum uptake value of 3.5 μg/mg and a peak uptake time at 2 hr. The monolayer cells reached a maximum transepithelial/endothelial electrical\u0000 resistance (TEER) value of 626 Ω*cm2 at 36 hr in culture, and the cellular integrity was negatively correlated with the amount of drug accumulated in the cells. The accumulated GB and Pue in cells reached 86.53% and 76.49%, respectively. The 30 μmol/L composite drug\u0000 preparation provided a higher cell survival rate in the glutamate (Glu) injured cells compared to the single drug preparations. Therefore, the composite preparation of the two drugs generated a synergistic effect, meeting the requirement for a combined use. The cell transmembrane transport\u0000 experiments demonstrated that the pharmaceutical preparations traversed the blood-brain barrier through the active transport of cells.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1345-1354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48420256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weidong Zhu, Lifeng Yu, Zewei Zhu, Dongmei Zhang, Yuyan Wang, Jun Ma
Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is major reason for the poor prognosis of stroke patients. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a commonly used Chinese herbal extract that regulates the inflammatory response, however, its therapeutic effects on APS as well as its underlying mechanism of action are unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of APS nano-liposomes on SAP, including regulation of the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism. Serum samples of SPA were collected from patients and healthy controls and the expression of OIP5-AS1 and miR-128-3p was measured. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to construct an in vitro lung injury model using RLE-6TN lung epithelial cells and APS nanoliposomes were used for treatment. Several cellular processes were evaluated including OIP5-AS1, miR-128-3p, and SIRT1 expression by RT-PCR, SIRT1 protein expression by western blot analysis, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression by ELISA, a bioinformatics analysis for downstream molecular targets of OIP5-AS1, and dual luciferase and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays to identify interactions between miR-128-3p, OIP5-AS1, and SIRT1. Our results revealed low expression of OIP5-AS1 and high expression of miR-128-3p in SAP. Treatment with APS nano-liposomes reduced LPS-induced apoptosis of RLE-6TN cells, inhibited the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and increased OIP5-AS1 and SIRT1 expression. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-128-3p reversed the protective effect of APS nano-liposomes on LPS-induced RLE-6TN cells. In summary, OIP5-AS1 is an endogenous competitor that inhibits miR-128-3p targeting of SIRT1. APS nanoliposomes significantly reduced miR-128-3p expression resulting in increased OIP5-AS1 expression.
{"title":"Astragalus Polysaccharide Nano-Liposomes Modulate the Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in Stroke-Associated Pneumonia by Increasing OIP5-AS1 to Regulate the miR-128-3p/SIRT1 Pathway","authors":"Weidong Zhu, Lifeng Yu, Zewei Zhu, Dongmei Zhang, Yuyan Wang, Jun Ma","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3233","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is major reason for the poor prognosis of stroke patients. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a commonly used Chinese herbal extract that regulates the inflammatory response, however, its therapeutic effects on APS as well as its underlying mechanism\u0000 of action are unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of APS nano-liposomes on SAP, including regulation of the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism. Serum samples of SPA were collected from patients and healthy controls and the\u0000 expression of OIP5-AS1 and miR-128-3p was measured. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to construct an in vitro lung injury model using RLE-6TN lung epithelial cells and APS nanoliposomes were used for treatment. Several cellular processes were evaluated including OIP5-AS1, miR-128-3p,\u0000 and SIRT1 expression by RT-PCR, SIRT1 protein expression by western blot analysis, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression by ELISA, a bioinformatics analysis for downstream molecular targets of OIP5-AS1, and dual luciferase and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays to identify\u0000 interactions between miR-128-3p, OIP5-AS1, and SIRT1. Our results revealed low expression of OIP5-AS1 and high expression of miR-128-3p in SAP. Treatment with APS nano-liposomes reduced LPS-induced apoptosis of RLE-6TN cells, inhibited the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and increased\u0000 OIP5-AS1 and SIRT1 expression. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-128-3p reversed the protective effect of APS nano-liposomes on LPS-induced RLE-6TN cells. In summary, OIP5-AS1 is an endogenous competitor that inhibits miR-128-3p targeting of SIRT1. APS nanoliposomes significantly reduced\u0000 miR-128-3p expression resulting in increased OIP5-AS1 expression.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1422-1430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43183842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Luo, Junhua Deng, Jinqin Xie, Daizhun Liang, Jiexin Lu, Yi Lu
Viral myocarditis (VM) is an inflammatory lesion of the myocardium caused by a viral infection. Icariin has anti-viral effects, but its therapeutic effect and mechanism of VM action are still not clear. This study evaluated icariin’s intervention effect on the myocardial cAMP-PKA signaling pathway and explored the possible mechanism of icariin’s effect. The results showed that a high dose of icariin could improve VM rats’ quality of life. Icariin-treated rats had lower mortality, insignificant weight loss, and decreased CK-MB and LDH. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining to observe the pathological changes of rats. The myocardium of VM rats is severely damaged, and myocardial cells have dissolution, necrosis, degeneration, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The degree of myocardial pathology in rats after icariin treatment is less than that in VM model rats. ELISA detected the serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels, and it was found that the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in rats after icariin treatment were lower than those in model rats. Prove that icariin plays a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. The positive expression of Fas in the myocardium was measured using the immunohistochemical method. The results demonstrated that the positive expression of Fas in rats was reduced after icariin treatment. The results proved that icariin reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Western Blot detected myocardial cAMP and PKA protein content. In contrast with model rats, icariin reduced the cAMP and PKA levels of VM rats, showing that icariin reduces myocardial cell damage.
{"title":"The Protective Effect of Icariin on Myocardial Injury in Viral Myocarditis Based on the Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate-Protein Kinase a Signaling Pathway","authors":"W. Luo, Junhua Deng, Jinqin Xie, Daizhun Liang, Jiexin Lu, Yi Lu","doi":"10.1166/NNL.2020.3254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/NNL.2020.3254","url":null,"abstract":"Viral myocarditis (VM) is an inflammatory lesion of the myocardium caused by a viral infection. Icariin has anti-viral effects, but its therapeutic effect and mechanism of VM action are still not clear. This study evaluated icariin’s intervention effect on the myocardial cAMP-PKA\u0000 signaling pathway and explored the possible mechanism of icariin’s effect. The results showed that a high dose of icariin could improve VM rats’ quality of life. Icariin-treated rats had lower mortality, insignificant weight loss, and decreased CK-MB and LDH. Hematoxylin-Eosin\u0000 (HE) staining to observe the pathological changes of rats. The myocardium of VM rats is severely damaged, and myocardial cells have dissolution, necrosis, degeneration, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The degree of myocardial pathology in rats after icariin treatment is less than that\u0000 in VM model rats. ELISA detected the serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels, and it was found that the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in rats after icariin treatment were lower than those in model rats. Prove that icariin plays a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. The positive expression of Fas in the myocardium\u0000 was measured using the immunohistochemical method. The results demonstrated that the positive expression of Fas in rats was reduced after icariin treatment. The results proved that icariin reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Western Blot detected myocardial cAMP and PKA protein content. In contrast\u0000 with model rats, icariin reduced the cAMP and PKA levels of VM rats, showing that icariin reduces myocardial cell damage.","PeriodicalId":18871,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":"1378-1385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49072301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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