Purpose: Evaluation of structural features, thermodynamics and kinetic properties of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as artificial nanoscale enzymes (nanozyme).
Methods: Synthesis of CNFs was done using chemical vapor deposition, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to provide information on the morphology, elemental monitoring and impurity assay of the CNFs. The thermal features of the CNFs were evaluated using differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) derivative and TGA. The calculated thermo-physical parameters were melting temperature (Tm), weight loss maximum temperature (Tmax ) and enthalpy of fusion (ΔHfusion ). Catalytic activity was assayed by a 4-aminoantypyrine (4-AAP)-H2O2 coupled colorimetric system by UV-visible spectroscopy.
Results: FE-SEM and TEM analysis demonstrated parallel graphitic layers and uniformity of atomic orientation and morphology. The EDX spectra approved carbon element as major signal and presence of partial Ti as impurities of CNFs during CVD process. The DTA thermogram showed the endothermic process had a maximum temperature of 82.27°C at -15.48 mV and that thermal decomposition occurred at about 200°C. The TGA-differential gravimetric analysis thermogram showed that Tmax was 700°C. The DSC heat flow curve showed a melting temperature (Tm) of 254.52°C, ΔHfusion of 3.84 J^.g-1, area under the curve of 58.58 mJ and Te (onset) and Tf (end set) temperatures of 246.60°C and 285.67°C, respectively. The peroxidase activity of the CNFs obeyed the Michaelis-Menten equation with a double-reciprocal curve and the calculated Km, Kcat and Vmax kinetic parameters.
Conclusion: CNFs as peroxidase nanozymes are intrinsically strong and stable nanocatalysts under difficult thermal conditions. The peroxidase activity was demonstrated, making these CNFs candidates for analytical tools under extreme conditions.
{"title":"Thermodynamics and kinetic analysis of carbon nanofibers as nanozymes.","authors":"Maziar Bahreini, Monireh Movahedi, Maryam Peyvandi, Fereshteh Nematollahi, Hessam Sepasi Tehrani","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S208310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S208310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evaluation of structural features, thermodynamics and kinetic properties of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as artificial nanoscale enzymes (nanozyme).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Synthesis of CNFs was done using chemical vapor deposition, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to provide information on the morphology, elemental monitoring and impurity assay of the CNFs. The thermal features of the CNFs were evaluated using differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) derivative and TGA. The calculated thermo-physical parameters were melting temperature (<i>Tm</i>), weight loss maximum temperature (<i>T<sub>max</sub></i> ) and enthalpy of fusion (Δ<i>H<sub>fusion</sub></i> ). Catalytic activity was assayed by a 4-aminoantypyrine (4-AAP)-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> coupled colorimetric system by UV-visible spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FE-SEM and TEM analysis demonstrated parallel graphitic layers and uniformity of atomic orientation and morphology. The EDX spectra approved carbon element as major signal and presence of partial Ti as impurities of CNFs during CVD process. The DTA thermogram showed the endothermic process had a maximum temperature of 82.27°C at -15.48 mV and that thermal decomposition occurred at about 200°C. The TGA-differential gravimetric analysis thermogram showed that <i>T<sub>max</sub></i> was 700°C. The DSC heat flow curve showed a melting temperature (Tm) of 254.52°C, Δ<i>H<sub>fusion</sub></i> of 3.84 J^.g<sup>-1</sup>, area under the curve of 58.58 mJ and <i>T<sub>e</sub></i> (onset) and <i>T<sub>f</sub></i> (end set) temperatures of 246.60°C and 285.67°C, respectively. The peroxidase activity of the CNFs obeyed the Michaelis-Menten equation with a double-reciprocal curve and the calculated <i>K<sub>m</sub>, K<sub>cat</sub></i> and <i>V<sub>max</sub></i> kinetic parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CNFs as peroxidase nanozymes are intrinsically strong and stable nanocatalysts under difficult thermal conditions. The peroxidase activity was demonstrated, making these CNFs candidates for analytical tools under extreme conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S208310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41205631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.2147/NSA.S207535
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/NSA.S24328.].
[本文撤回文章DOI: 10.2147/NSA.S24328.]。
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of novel polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles for controlled delivery of doxorubicin [Retraction].","authors":"","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S207535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S207535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/NSA.S24328.].</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S207535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37269358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electrically conductive composite material PANIZr(IV) molybdophosphate (PZMP) was synthesized, via treatment of Zr(IV) molybdophosphate with PANI(polyaniline) gel. The membrane of this material is fabricated for detection of mercury in waste samples. By using 4-in-line-probe the conducting behaviour of the material was determined, and it was found that conductivity of the nanocomposite lies in the range of semiconductors. The composite showed improved electrochemical properties and outstanding biological activities.
{"title":"Fabrication of Polyaniline-Zr(IV) Molybdophosphate as a Nanocomposite and its Potential Applications","authors":"Bushra R, K. M.A, Sakdapipanich J.T","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1008","url":null,"abstract":"Electrically conductive composite material PANIZr(IV) molybdophosphate (PZMP) was synthesized, via treatment of Zr(IV) molybdophosphate with PANI(polyaniline) gel. The membrane of this material is fabricated for detection of mercury in waste samples. By using 4-in-line-probe the conducting behaviour of the material was determined, and it was found that conductivity of the nanocomposite lies in the range of semiconductors. The composite showed improved electrochemical properties and outstanding biological activities.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77764530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ichikawa, S. Nishida, Yuta Kashitani, Kentaro Tsunoda, Yuto Horigome, Naoki Ikeda, Y. Sato
T paper describes a finite element method (FEM) analysis for cold burring process of large diameter SUS304 pipe. The large diameter pipes such as 216.3 mm are used for a plant as a flow channel of gas and liquid. A burring process of pipe is generally for forming the branch. Burring molding is one of the typical molding techniques for branch pipes. The burring process is achieved by drawing of die from prepared hole. And the branch pipes are generally joined by welding. However this process has some problem. First, the burring process is depending on the forming limit of pipe. Second, the wall thickness and strain distribution of formed branch edge is unequal. These problem is caused the pre-hole shape. It generally has difficulty to determine the optimum pre-hole shape. Many try and error is needed. In this study, we proposed that the method of estimation for optimum pre-hole shape of mother pipe by finite element method analysis. The nominal diameter of mother pipe is 200A. And the target nominal diameter of branch pipe is 100A. The diameter is 114.3 mm, and the wall thickness is 3.0 mm. And target burring wall height is 10 mm with uniformly wall height around the edge. The height 10 mm means that is not needed the machining after burring process and is easy to weld to join the branch pipe to mother pipe. Initial pre-hole shape of analysis model is simple circle. After FEM analysis, the height of burring position was measured. Then the diameters of longitudinal direction and circumferential direction was adjusted. After optimum diameter of both direction diameter was determined, the diameter of 45 °direction was analyzed by using point tracking function to estimate of initial optimum diameter. Eventually, the burring formed shape had an uniform 10 mm height. It was clarified that the method of estimation for optimum pre-hole was effective. Junshi Ichikawa et al., Res. Rev. J Mat. Sci. 2018, Volume 6 DOI: 10.4172/2321-6212-C3-020
{"title":"FEM Analysis for Burring Process of Large Diameter SUS304 Tube","authors":"J. Ichikawa, S. Nishida, Yuta Kashitani, Kentaro Tsunoda, Yuto Horigome, Naoki Ikeda, Y. Sato","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1011","url":null,"abstract":"T paper describes a finite element method (FEM) analysis for cold burring process of large diameter SUS304 pipe. The large diameter pipes such as 216.3 mm are used for a plant as a flow channel of gas and liquid. A burring process of pipe is generally for forming the branch. Burring molding is one of the typical molding techniques for branch pipes. The burring process is achieved by drawing of die from prepared hole. And the branch pipes are generally joined by welding. However this process has some problem. First, the burring process is depending on the forming limit of pipe. Second, the wall thickness and strain distribution of formed branch edge is unequal. These problem is caused the pre-hole shape. It generally has difficulty to determine the optimum pre-hole shape. Many try and error is needed. In this study, we proposed that the method of estimation for optimum pre-hole shape of mother pipe by finite element method analysis. The nominal diameter of mother pipe is 200A. And the target nominal diameter of branch pipe is 100A. The diameter is 114.3 mm, and the wall thickness is 3.0 mm. And target burring wall height is 10 mm with uniformly wall height around the edge. The height 10 mm means that is not needed the machining after burring process and is easy to weld to join the branch pipe to mother pipe. Initial pre-hole shape of analysis model is simple circle. After FEM analysis, the height of burring position was measured. Then the diameters of longitudinal direction and circumferential direction was adjusted. After optimum diameter of both direction diameter was determined, the diameter of 45 °direction was analyzed by using point tracking function to estimate of initial optimum diameter. Eventually, the burring formed shape had an uniform 10 mm height. It was clarified that the method of estimation for optimum pre-hole was effective. Junshi Ichikawa et al., Res. Rev. J Mat. Sci. 2018, Volume 6 DOI: 10.4172/2321-6212-C3-020","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85204853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electrically conductive composite material PANIZr(IV) molybdophosphate (PZMP) was synthesized, via treatment of Zr(IV) molybdophosphate with PANI (polyaniline) gel. The membrane of this material is fabricated for detection of mercury in waste samples. By using 4-in-line-probe the conducting behaviour of the material was determined, and it was found that conductivity of the nanocomposite lies in the range of semiconductors. The composite showed In this study, base composition without alloying elements and three microalloyed steels containing 0.08% wt V, 0.06% wt Nb and 0.06% wt Nb-0.1% wt V in induction furnace, in controlled condition, were casted. Temperaging were carried out on all of specimens for precipitation strengthening. For studying the influence of temperaging time and temperature, specimens with different chemical compositions were temperaged at 400,500,600 and 700 °C for 1,3 and 5 h. All of specimens in as-cast condition were studied using optical microscope and hardness tester. Results showed that as-cast specimens having ferrito-pearlitic microstructures. Nb-bearing specimens shows acicular microstructures. The heat treated samples were studied using Electron Microscope Analysis and hardness tester. Studying of mechanical properties of heat treated specimens, showed that because of precipitation strengthening, hardness of samples increased. By increasing of temperaging temperature in a constant time, hardness has an optimum value. Material To study the effects of microalloying additions and cooling rate on the microstructural and mechanical properties, three heats were produced in the form of 8Cm ×8Cm ×20Cm and 8Cm ×3Cm ×20Cm blocks. The chemical composition of these heats is shown in Table 1. Samle C Mn Si P S V Nb N Base 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.01 0.015 0.01 V 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.01 0.015 0.1 0.01 Nb 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.009 0.011 0.04 0.01 Nb-V 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.009 0.012 0.1 0.04 0.01 Table 1: Chemical compositions of alloys studied (weight %). The alloy designations in Table 1 show the main alloying elements in the heats. The base composition for all heats is 0.15 wt% carbon and 1.5 wt% Mn. Ferroniobium was added to some heats to raise the Nb level to 0.04 wt%. Furthermore, sulfur plus phosphorus levels ranged from 0.02 to 0.035 for all heats. Experimental results To assess the effects of microalloying additions on the mechanical properties, tensile, hardness and Charpy impact tests were conducted for each composition. In order to avoid scattering, three samples were prepared for each test. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used for justifying the variation in the mechanical properties. Samples of each heat were optically examined at magnifications ranging from 100 to 1000 times in order to observe major phases and their distributions. Moreover, pearlite volume fraction was determined quantitatively using an image analyzer. Scanning electron microscopy was used for more detailed study of pearlite. Optical microscopy The optical
{"title":"The Effects of Microalloying Elements and Temperaging Treatments Parameters on Nb-V Containing Cast Microalloyed Steels","authors":"E. F., R. J., Najafidejdehmonfared H","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1009","url":null,"abstract":"Electrically conductive composite material PANIZr(IV) molybdophosphate (PZMP) was synthesized, via treatment of Zr(IV) molybdophosphate with PANI (polyaniline) gel. The membrane of this material is fabricated for detection of mercury in waste samples. By using 4-in-line-probe the conducting behaviour of the material was determined, and it was found that conductivity of the nanocomposite lies in the range of semiconductors. The composite showed In this study, base composition without alloying elements and three microalloyed steels containing 0.08% wt V, 0.06% wt Nb and 0.06% wt Nb-0.1% wt V in induction furnace, in controlled condition, were casted. Temperaging were carried out on all of specimens for precipitation strengthening. For studying the influence of temperaging time and temperature, specimens with different chemical compositions were temperaged at 400,500,600 and 700 °C for 1,3 and 5 h. All of specimens in as-cast condition were studied using optical microscope and hardness tester. Results showed that as-cast specimens having ferrito-pearlitic microstructures. Nb-bearing specimens shows acicular microstructures. The heat treated samples were studied using Electron Microscope Analysis and hardness tester. Studying of mechanical properties of heat treated specimens, showed that because of precipitation strengthening, hardness of samples increased. By increasing of temperaging temperature in a constant time, hardness has an optimum value. Material To study the effects of microalloying additions and cooling rate on the microstructural and mechanical properties, three heats were produced in the form of 8Cm ×8Cm ×20Cm and 8Cm ×3Cm ×20Cm blocks. The chemical composition of these heats is shown in Table 1. Samle C Mn Si P S V Nb N Base 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.01 0.015 0.01 V 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.01 0.015 0.1 0.01 Nb 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.009 0.011 0.04 0.01 Nb-V 0.15 1.5 0.3 0.009 0.012 0.1 0.04 0.01 Table 1: Chemical compositions of alloys studied (weight %). The alloy designations in Table 1 show the main alloying elements in the heats. The base composition for all heats is 0.15 wt% carbon and 1.5 wt% Mn. Ferroniobium was added to some heats to raise the Nb level to 0.04 wt%. Furthermore, sulfur plus phosphorus levels ranged from 0.02 to 0.035 for all heats. Experimental results To assess the effects of microalloying additions on the mechanical properties, tensile, hardness and Charpy impact tests were conducted for each composition. In order to avoid scattering, three samples were prepared for each test. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used for justifying the variation in the mechanical properties. Samples of each heat were optically examined at magnifications ranging from 100 to 1000 times in order to observe major phases and their distributions. Moreover, pearlite volume fraction was determined quantitatively using an image analyzer. Scanning electron microscopy was used for more detailed study of pearlite. Optical microscopy The optical","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89668602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuta Kashitani, S. Nishida, J. Ichikawa, Kentaro Tsunoda, Yuto Horigome, Y. Nitta, Hideto Harada
Twin roll strip casting of aluminum alloy A7075 using commercial scale machine was operated. Twin roll casting process is able to produce a strip from molten metal directly. Thus this process has a possibility to reduce total cost of sheet making comparing to conventional rolling process. Strip casting process has some disadvantages. Casting speed depends on the material properties. It is difficult to determine the casting conditions. Aluminum alloy A7075 has high tensile strength, and it is known as a material for aerospace application. The sheet is manufactured in small quantities comparing to the other sheet aluminum alloy. It is supposed that the demand of high tensile strength aluminum sheet such as A7075 is going to increase for weight saving of structural material. The aims of this study are to investigate the effect of roll speed on the strip. Strip could not be produced continuously at roll speed of 10 m/min, so the load limit of this experimental apparatus was exceeded. However, a good strip without cracks was produced. Continuous strip was produced at a roll speed of 20 m/min. The strip was consisted of a mat part and a metallic luster part. However, cracks were observed in the white mat part of the board. Continuous strip was produced at a roll speed of 30 m/min. However, rolling cracks were observed at the edges of the strip. It is necessary to control the solidification distance by installing the nozzle.
{"title":"Horizontal Twin Roll Strip Casting of Aluminum Alloy A7075","authors":"Yuta Kashitani, S. Nishida, J. Ichikawa, Kentaro Tsunoda, Yuto Horigome, Y. Nitta, Hideto Harada","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1014","url":null,"abstract":"Twin roll strip casting of aluminum alloy A7075 using commercial scale machine was operated. Twin roll casting process is able to produce a strip from molten metal directly. Thus this process has a possibility to reduce total cost of sheet making comparing to conventional rolling process. Strip casting process has some disadvantages. Casting speed depends on the material properties. It is difficult to determine the casting conditions. Aluminum alloy A7075 has high tensile strength, and it is known as a material for aerospace application. The sheet is manufactured in small quantities comparing to the other sheet aluminum alloy. It is supposed that the demand of high tensile strength aluminum sheet such as A7075 is going to increase for weight saving of structural material. The aims of this study are to investigate the effect of roll speed on the strip. Strip could not be produced continuously at roll speed of 10 m/min, so the load limit of this experimental apparatus was exceeded. However, a good strip without cracks was produced. Continuous strip was produced at a roll speed of 20 m/min. The strip was consisted of a mat part and a metallic luster part. However, cracks were observed in the white mat part of the board. Continuous strip was produced at a roll speed of 30 m/min. However, rolling cracks were observed at the edges of the strip. It is necessary to control the solidification distance by installing the nozzle.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87429401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kentaro Tsunoda, S. Nishida, J. Ichikawa, Yuta Kashitani, Yuto Horigome, Naoki Ikeda, Hideto Harada, Nobuyuki Kamei
This paper describes about cold plastic forming of ABS plastic pipe. Experiment and Finite element method (FEM) analysis of pipe expansion process were operated. The application of ABS plastic pipe for air conditioner is under consideration instead of metal pipe in Japan because of weight saving of air conditioner for lowering the gravity point against earthquake. The parts of ABS plastic pipe is generally produced by injection molding. The processes need the cooling time, and it takes much time. In addition, expensive mold die is needed for each application. Thus, cold plastic forming of ABS plastic pipe was proposed. The cold plastic forming of ABS plastic pipe chosen for this study is hardly studied by other authors. Product ability of cold plastic forming is higher than the injection molding or hot working. And the punch and die shape is simple comparing to these process. In this study, pipe expansion process was operated. The ABS plastic pipe has a 10 mm diameter and 8mm inner diameter and 1 mm thickness. At first, true stress and true strain curves at any strain rate were measured by ring compression test. Obtained flow stresses was used to FEM analysis. Experimental device for pipe expansion process was made by Dip Inc.. Objective inner diameter was 10 mm. FEM analysis was operated to clarify the deformation behavior such as load-stroke diagram. It was possible to produce the expanded ABS pipe. The whitening of worked pipe and strain recovery was observed. Analysis result was indicated the good agreement comparing to experimental result in load-stroke diagram.
{"title":"Cold Plastic Forming of ABS Plastic Pipe","authors":"Kentaro Tsunoda, S. Nishida, J. Ichikawa, Yuta Kashitani, Yuto Horigome, Naoki Ikeda, Hideto Harada, Nobuyuki Kamei","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1012","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes about cold plastic forming of ABS plastic pipe. Experiment and Finite element method (FEM) analysis of pipe expansion process were operated. The application of ABS plastic pipe for air conditioner is under consideration instead of metal pipe in Japan because of weight saving of air conditioner for lowering the gravity point against earthquake. The parts of ABS plastic pipe is generally produced by injection molding. The processes need the cooling time, and it takes much time. In addition, expensive mold die is needed for each application. Thus, cold plastic forming of ABS plastic pipe was proposed. The cold plastic forming of ABS plastic pipe chosen for this study is hardly studied by other authors. Product ability of cold plastic forming is higher than the injection molding or hot working. And the punch and die shape is simple comparing to these process. In this study, pipe expansion process was operated. The ABS plastic pipe has a 10 mm diameter and 8mm inner diameter and 1 mm thickness. At first, true stress and true strain curves at any strain rate were measured by ring compression test. Obtained flow stresses was used to FEM analysis. Experimental device for pipe expansion process was made by Dip Inc.. Objective inner diameter was 10 mm. FEM analysis was operated to clarify the deformation behavior such as load-stroke diagram. It was possible to produce the expanded ABS pipe. The whitening of worked pipe and strain recovery was observed. Analysis result was indicated the good agreement comparing to experimental result in load-stroke diagram.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76077119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-31DOI: 10.21767/2471-9838.100034
N. Ghareeb, M. Farhat
Abstract The world of materials is an exciting and challenging field of research since it has always played a dominant role in the evolution of human civilization. The demands from aerospace, defence, automotive and industrial branches on more advanced and innovative materials has led to the development of a new generation of materials with much better performance and capabilities than the existing conventional structural and functional materials. As a result, the era of smart materials has started. Smart materials can change their physical properties in response to a specific stimulus input. However, there is still a blurry image over the types and potential applications of smart materials. The objective of this paper is to define the field of smart materials and structures, together with its current status and potential benefits. However, more focus will be devoted to piezoelectric materials and results are presented and discussed. Finally, and in order to demonstrate the characteristics of one class of smart materials, two numerical examples are proposed and results are presented.
{"title":"Smart Materials and Structures: State of the Art and Applications","authors":"N. Ghareeb, M. Farhat","doi":"10.21767/2471-9838.100034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-9838.100034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000The world of materials is an exciting and challenging field of research since it has always played a dominant role in the evolution of human civilization. The demands from aerospace, defence, automotive and industrial branches on more advanced and innovative materials has led to the development of a new generation of materials with much better performance and capabilities than the existing conventional structural and functional materials. As a result, the era of smart materials has started. \u0000Smart materials can change their physical properties in response to a specific stimulus input. However, there is still a blurry image over the types and potential applications of smart materials. The objective of this paper is to define the field of smart materials and structures, together with its current status and potential benefits. However, more focus will be devoted to piezoelectric materials and results are presented and discussed. Finally, and in order to demonstrate the characteristics of one class of smart materials, two numerical examples are proposed and results are presented.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76725659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-oxidant with a very high concentration of IC50 = 6.54 ng/ml extracted from zingiberaceae fruit (Halmahera Golobe) had made this local fruit a very good candidate for improving human health. Based on this finding, a medicine named as love herbal had been fabricated with a multitasking healing in human body problems. In order to analyze the physical working system of this medicine, one investigated the optical properties of it by using chemical bonding spectroscopy method. We obtain that such medicine has optical uniqueness behaviors contributed by 4 main types of chemical bonds named as N-H (Bending) at 1562 cm-1, C=C at 1697 cm-1, C C at 2070 cm-1, and C-H at 3013 cm-1 which might be closely in conjunction with multitasking healing of human body problems, for example in improving antibody protection of human body from cancer deceases, viruses problems, and the health of heart and liver. Such finding was then tested for handling HIV virus as a result with a new discovery that such virus can be reduced dramatically from ~8 million virus to be just about ~8000 virus as the concentration of the medicine increased.
{"title":"Chemical Bonding Character of Love Herbal Medicine: A Prominent Medicine Candidate for Preventing HIV Virus","authors":"Arend L. Mapanawang, Hendry. I. Elim","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-oxidant with a very high concentration of IC50 = 6.54 ng/ml extracted from zingiberaceae fruit (Halmahera Golobe) had made this local fruit a very good candidate for improving human health. Based on this finding, a medicine named as love herbal had been fabricated with a multitasking healing in human body problems. In order to analyze the physical working system of this medicine, one investigated the optical properties of it by using chemical bonding spectroscopy method. We obtain that such medicine has optical uniqueness behaviors contributed by 4 main types of chemical bonds named as N-H (Bending) at 1562 cm-1, C=C at 1697 cm-1, C C at 2070 cm-1, and C-H at 3013 cm-1 which might be closely in conjunction with multitasking healing of human body problems, for example in improving antibody protection of human body from cancer deceases, viruses problems, and the health of heart and liver. Such finding was then tested for handling HIV virus as a result with a new discovery that such virus can be reduced dramatically from ~8 million virus to be just about ~8000 virus as the concentration of the medicine increased.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73309247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized and assayed for antiplasmodial activity in vivo. MgO nanoparticles were synthesized using sol-gel process and characterized using SEM, FTIR AND UV-VIS spectral study to confirm the formation and size of the nanoparticles. 20% of LD50 value was used to formulate a graded dose of 300, 200 and 100mg/kg. Then 30 mice were group into 5 containing six mice each and were inoculated with 0.2ml of ANKA strain of plasmodium berghei intraperitoneally and were left for the next 7 days before treatment with the graded doses based on their body weight.20/120mg/kg standard dose of Artemether lumefantrine was use as positive control while negative control were given no treatment at all. Data were analyses using mean percentage parasite clearance rate, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference test. MgO nanoparticles showed a remarkable clearance rate of 98.8% just after 24hours of administration and at the end of the four day curative model all the parasites were cleared from the blood. There was statistically significant difference between groups as determine by oneway ANOVA F (3,16) =24.30,p=3.36E-06. This clearly showed that MgO nanoparticles are superior in the clearance of the ANKA strain of plasmodium berghei in infected mice.
{"title":"Preparation, Characterization and In-Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles on Plasmodium Berghei Infected Mice","authors":"Hadiza Am, Taura Dw, B. Muhammad","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1002","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized and assayed for antiplasmodial activity in vivo. MgO nanoparticles were synthesized using sol-gel process and characterized using SEM, FTIR AND UV-VIS spectral study to confirm the formation and size of the nanoparticles. 20% of LD50 value was used to formulate a graded dose of 300, 200 and 100mg/kg. Then 30 mice were group into 5 containing six mice each and were inoculated with 0.2ml of ANKA strain of plasmodium berghei intraperitoneally and were left for the next 7 days before treatment with the graded doses based on their body weight.20/120mg/kg standard dose of Artemether lumefantrine was use as positive control while negative control were given no treatment at all. Data were analyses using mean percentage parasite clearance rate, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference test. MgO nanoparticles showed a remarkable clearance rate of 98.8% just after 24hours of administration and at the end of the four day curative model all the parasites were cleared from the blood. There was statistically significant difference between groups as determine by oneway ANOVA F (3,16) =24.30,p=3.36E-06. This clearly showed that MgO nanoparticles are superior in the clearance of the ANKA strain of plasmodium berghei in infected mice.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72417447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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