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Astrocyte-induced Cdk5 expedites breast cancer brain metastasis by suppressing MHC-I expression to evade immune recognition 星形胶质细胞诱导的 Cdk5 通过抑制 MHC-I 的表达来逃避免疫识别,从而加速乳腺癌的脑转移。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01509-5
Arseniy E. Yuzhalin, Frank J. Lowery, Yohei Saito, Xiangliang Yuan, Jun Yao, Yimin Duan, Jingzhen Ding, Sunil Acharya, Chenyu Zhang, Abigail Fajardo, Hao-Nien Chen, Yongkun Wei, Yutong Sun, Lin Zhang, Yi Xiao, Ping Li, Philip L. Lorenzi, Jason T. Huse, Huihui Fan, Zhongming Zhao, Mien-Chie Hung, Dihua Yu
Brain metastases (BrMs) evade the immune response to develop in the brain, yet the mechanisms of BrM immune evasion remains unclear. This study shows that brain astrocytes induce the overexpression of neuronal-specific cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in breast cancer-derived BrMs, which facilitates BrM outgrowth in mice. Cdk5-overexpressing BrMs exhibit reduced expression and function of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) and antigen-presentation pathway, which are restored by inhibiting Cdk5 genetically or pharmacologically, as evidenced by single-cell RNA sequencing and functional studies. Mechanistically, Cdk5 suppresses MHC-I expression on the cancer cell membrane through the Irf2bp1–Stat1–importin α–Nlrc5 pathway, enabling BrMs to avoid recognition by T cells. Treatment with roscovitine—a clinically applicable Cdk5 inhibitor—alone or combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, significantly reduces BrM burden and increases tumour-infiltrating functional CD8+ lymphocytes in mice. Thus, astrocyte-induced Cdk5 overexpression endorses BrM immune evasion, whereas therapeutically targeting Cdk5 markedly improves the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and inhibits BrM growth. Yuzhalin et al. report that astrocyte-mediated upregulation of Cdk5 in metastatic breast cancer cells inhibits MHC-I expression on the cell surface, thereby enabling escape from killing by CD8+ T cells and facilitating brain metastasis.
脑转移瘤(Brain metastases,BrMs)逃避免疫反应而在脑内发展,但BrM免疫逃避的机制仍不清楚。本研究表明,脑星形胶质细胞诱导乳腺癌衍生的脑转移瘤中神经元特异性细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶5(Cdk5)过表达,从而促进了脑转移瘤在小鼠体内的生长。单细胞 RNA 测序和功能研究证明,抑制 Cdk5 的基因或药理作用可恢复这些功能。从机制上讲,Cdk5通过Irf2bp1-Stat1-importin α-Nlrc5途径抑制癌细胞膜上MHC-I的表达,使BrMs避免被T细胞识别。单独使用或与免疫检查点抑制剂联合使用临床适用的 Cdk5 抑制剂--罗索维汀(roscovitine)治疗小鼠,可显著减轻 BrM 负担并增加肿瘤浸润功能性 CD8+ 淋巴细胞。因此,星形胶质细胞诱导的 Cdk5 过表达支持 BrM 的免疫逃避,而治疗性靶向 Cdk5 能明显提高免疫检查点抑制剂的疗效并抑制 BrM 的生长。
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引用次数: 0
Fasting shapes chromatin architecture through an mTOR/RNA Pol I axis 禁食通过 mTOR/RNA Pol I 轴塑造染色质结构
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01512-w
Nada Al-Refaie, Francesco Padovani, Johanna Hornung, Lorenz Pudelko, Francesca Binando, Andrea del Carmen Fabregat, Qiuxia Zhao, Benjamin D. Towbin, Elif Sarinay Cenik, Nicholas Stroustrup, Jan Padeken, Kurt M. Schmoller, Daphne S. Cabianca
Chromatin architecture is a fundamental mediator of genome function. Fasting is a major environmental cue across the animal kingdom, yet how it impacts three-dimensional (3D) genome organization is unknown. Here we show that fasting induces an intestine-specific, reversible and large-scale spatial reorganization of chromatin in Caenorhabditis elegans. This fasting-induced 3D genome reorganization requires inhibition of the nutrient-sensing mTOR pathway, acting through the regulation of RNA Pol I, but not Pol II nor Pol III, and is accompanied by remodelling of the nucleolus. By uncoupling the 3D genome configuration from the animal’s nutritional status, we find that the expression of metabolic and stress-related genes increases when the spatial reorganization of chromatin occurs, showing that the 3D genome might support the transcriptional response in fasted animals. Our work documents a large-scale chromatin reorganization triggered by fasting and reveals that mTOR and RNA Pol I shape genome architecture in response to nutrients. Al-Refaie et al. show that fasting induces spatial reorganization of chromatin and formation of chromatin rings in an mTORC1- and RNA Pol I-dependent manner in the C. elegans intestine.
染色质结构是基因组功能的基本中介。禁食是整个动物界的一个主要环境线索,但它如何影响三维(3D)基因组的组织结构尚不清楚。在这里,我们发现禁食会诱导秀丽隐杆线虫肠道特异性、可逆性和大规模的染色质空间重组。这种禁食诱导的三维基因组重组需要通过调节 RNA Pol I(而不是 Pol II 或 Pol III)来抑制营养传感 mTOR 通路,并伴随着核仁的重塑。通过将三维基因组构型与动物的营养状况脱钩,我们发现当染色质发生空间重组时,代谢和应激相关基因的表达会增加,这表明三维基因组可能支持禁食动物的转录反应。我们的研究记录了由禁食引发的大规模染色质重组,并揭示了 mTOR 和 RNA Pol I 塑造基因组结构以应对营养物质。
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引用次数: 0
Clathrin-associated carriers enable recycling through a kiss-and-run mechanism 与 Clathrin 相关的载体通过 "接吻-奔跑 "机制实现再循环
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01499-4
Jiachao Xu, Yu Liang, Nan Li, Song Dang, Amin Jiang, Yiqun Liu, Yuting Guo, Xiaoyu Yang, Yi Yuan, Xinyi Zhang, Yaran Yang, Yongtao Du, Anbing Shi, Xiaoyun Liu, Dong Li, Kangmin He
Endocytosis and recycling control the uptake and retrieval of various materials, including membrane proteins and lipids, in all eukaryotic cells. These processes are crucial for cell growth, organization, function and environmental communication. However, the mechanisms underlying efficient, fast endocytic recycling remain poorly understood. Here, by utilizing a biosensor and imaging-based screening, we uncover a recycling mechanism that couples endocytosis and fast recycling, which we name the clathrin-associated fast endosomal recycling pathway (CARP). Clathrin-associated tubulovesicular carriers containing clathrin, AP1, Arf1, Rab1 and Rab11, while lacking the multimeric retrieval complexes, are generated at subdomains of early endosomes and then transported along actin to cell surfaces. Unexpectedly, the clathrin-associated recycling carriers undergo partial fusion with the plasma membrane. Subsequently, they are released from the membrane by dynamin and re-enter cells. Multiple receptors utilize and modulate CARP for fast recycling following endocytosis. Thus, CARP represents a previously unrecognized endocytic recycling mechanism with kiss-and-run membrane fusion. Xu, Liang, Li, Dang et al. delineate the clathrin-associated fast endosomal recycling pathway, which involves clathrin-associated carriers derived from early endosomes partially fusing with the plasma membrane before release from the membrane.
在所有真核细胞中,内吞和再循环控制着各种物质(包括膜蛋白和脂质)的摄取和回收。这些过程对细胞的生长、组织、功能和环境交流至关重要。然而,人们对高效、快速的内细胞循环的基本机制仍然知之甚少。在这里,通过利用生物传感器和基于成像的筛选,我们发现了一种将内吞和快速再循环结合起来的再循环机制,并将其命名为凝集素相关快速内吞再循环途径(CARP)。凝集素相关管泡载体含有凝集素、AP1、Arf1、Rab1 和 Rab11,但缺乏多聚体回收复合物,它们在早期内体的亚域生成,然后沿着肌动蛋白运输到细胞表面。出乎意料的是,与凝集素相关的回收载体会与质膜发生部分融合。随后,它们被达因明从膜上释放出来,重新进入细胞。多种受体利用并调节 CARP,使其在内吞后快速循环。因此,CARP 代表了一种以前未被认识到的内吞再循环机制,具有接吻-运行膜融合的功能。
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引用次数: 0
Plasma membrane curvature regulates the formation of contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum 质膜曲率调节与内质网接触的形成
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01511-x
Yang Yang, Luis A. Valencia, Chih-Hao Lu, Melissa L. Nakamoto, Ching-Ting Tsai, Chun Liu, Huaxiao Yang, Wei Zhang, Zeinab Jahed, Wan-Ru Lee, Francesca Santoro, Jen Liou, Joseph C. Wu, Bianxiao Cui
Contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM) play a crucial role in governing calcium regulation and lipid homeostasis. Despite their significance, the factors regulating their spatial distribution on the PM remain elusive. Inspired by observations in cardiomyocytes, where ER–PM contact sites concentrate on tubular PM invaginations known as transverse tubules, we hypothesize that PM curvature plays a role in ER–PM contact formation. Through precise control of PM invaginations, we show that PM curvatures locally induce the formation of ER–PM contacts in cardiomyocytes. Intriguingly, the junctophilin family of ER–PM tethering proteins, specifically expressed in excitable cells, is the key player in this process, whereas the ubiquitously expressed extended synaptotagmin-2 does not show a preference for PM curvature. At the mechanistic level, we find that the low-complexity region (LCR) and membrane occupation and recognition nexus (MORN) motifs of junctophilins can bind independently to the PM, but both the LCR and MORN motifs are required for targeting PM curvatures. By examining the junctophilin interactome, we identify a family of curvature-sensing proteins—Eps15 homology domain-containing proteins—that interact with the MORN_LCR motifs and facilitate the preferential tethering of junctophilins to curved PM. These findings highlight the pivotal role of PM curvature in the formation of ER–PM contacts in cardiomyocytes and unveil a mechanism for the spatial regulation of ER–PM contacts through PM curvature modulation. Yang et al. show that plasma membrane curvature promotes the site-specific formation of contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum through junctophilin-2 tethers in cardiomyocytes.
内质网(ER)和质膜(PM)之间的接触点在调节钙调节和脂质平衡方面起着至关重要的作用。尽管其意义重大,但调节其在质膜上空间分布的因素仍然难以捉摸。在心肌细胞中,ER-PM 接触点集中在被称为横向小管的管状 PM 内陷处,受此观察结果的启发,我们假设 PM 的曲率在ER-PM 接触点的形成中发挥作用。通过精确控制 PM 的内陷,我们发现 PM 的曲率能在局部诱导心肌细胞中 ER-PM 接触的形成。耐人寻味的是,在兴奋细胞中特异表达的ER-PM系留蛋白的交界ophilin家族是这一过程中的关键角色,而普遍表达的扩展突触塔格明-2对PM弯曲并无偏好。在机理层面,我们发现交界嗜蛋白的低复杂度区(LCR)和膜占位与识别接头(MORN)基团可以独立地与 PM 结合,但 LCR 和 MORN 基团都是靶向 PM 弯曲所必需的。通过研究交界嗜血蛋白的相互作用组,我们发现了一个曲率感应蛋白家族--含Eps15同源结构域的蛋白--它们与MORN_LCR基序相互作用,促进交界嗜血蛋白优先拴系在弯曲的PM上。这些发现凸显了 PM 曲度在心肌细胞中形成 ER-PM 接触中的关键作用,并揭示了通过 PM 曲度调节 ER-PM 接触的空间调控机制。
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引用次数: 0
Ribotoxic stress drives cell death by UV 核糖酸应激促使细胞死于紫外线
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01506-8
Petra Gross
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the biology of cell death 细胞死亡生物学导航
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01515-7
This issue presents a Focus of specially commissioned articles that discuss cell death in its multiple forms, implications for homeostatic physiology and disease and outstanding questions in this expanding field.
本期聚焦特别委托撰写的文章,讨论细胞死亡的多种形式、对平衡生理学和疾病的影响,以及这一不断扩大的领域中悬而未决的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Mitophagy protects against ferroptosis 有丝分裂可防止铁蛋白沉积症
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01507-7
Petra Gross
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引用次数: 0
Solid tumour-induced systemic immunosuppression involves dichotomous myeloid–B cell interactions 实体瘤诱导的全身免疫抑制涉及二分法髓系-B 细胞相互作用
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01508-6
Xiaoxin Hao, Yichao Shen, Jun Liu, Angela Alexander, Ling Wu, Zhan Xu, Liqun Yu, Yang Gao, Fengshuo Liu, Hilda L. Chan, Che-Hsing Li, Yunfeng Ding, Weijie Zhang, David G. Edwards, Nan Chen, Azadeh Nasrazadani, Naoto T. Ueno, Bora Lim, Xiang H.-F. Zhang
Solid tumours induce systemic immunosuppression that involves myeloid and T cells. B cell-related mechanisms remain relatively understudied. Here we discover two distinct patterns of tumour-induced B cell abnormality (TiBA; TiBA-1 and TiBA-2), both associated with abnormal myelopoiesis in the bone marrow. TiBA-1 probably results from the niche competition between pre-progenitor-B cells and myeloid progenitors, leading to a global reduction in downstream B cells. TiBA-2 is characterized by systemic accumulation of a unique early B cell population, driven by interaction with excessive neutrophils. Importantly, TiBA-2-associated early B cells foster the systemic accumulation of exhaustion-like T cells. Myeloid and B cells from the peripheral blood of patients with triple-negative breast cancer recapitulate the TiBA subtypes, and the distinct TiBA profile correlates with pathologic complete responses to standard-of-care immunotherapy. This study underscores the inter-patient diversity of tumour-induced systemic changes and emphasizes the need for treatments tailored to different B and myeloid cell abnormalities. Hao, Shen and colleagues identify and characterize two distinct types of myeloid–B cell interaction that may signal solid tumour-induced immunosuppression and can correlate with complete responses to immunotherapy in patients with breast cancer.
实体瘤引起的全身免疫抑制涉及骨髓细胞和 T 细胞。与 B 细胞相关的机制研究相对较少。在这里,我们发现了两种不同的肿瘤诱导 B 细胞异常(TiBA;TiBA-1 和 TiBA-2)模式,这两种模式都与骨髓中的异常骨髓造血有关。TiBA-1 可能是由于前祖细胞-B 细胞和骨髓祖细胞之间的生态位竞争,导致下游 B 细胞全面减少。TiBA-2 的特点是,在与过多中性粒细胞相互作用的驱动下,一种独特的早期 B 细胞群在全身积聚。重要的是,与TiBA-2相关的早期B细胞会促进衰竭样T细胞的系统性积累。三阴性乳腺癌患者外周血中的骨髓细胞和B细胞再现了TiBA亚型,独特的TiBA特征与标准护理免疫疗法的病理完全反应相关。这项研究强调了肿瘤诱导的全身性变化在患者间的多样性,并强调了针对不同B细胞和骨髓细胞异常进行治疗的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Ferroptosis disseminates afar in development 铁蛋白沉积症在发育过程中四处扩散
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01504-w
Zhe Wang
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引用次数: 0
Profiling cell death in COVID-19 pathology 剖析 COVID-19 病理学中的细胞死亡
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01505-9
Zhe Wang
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引用次数: 0
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Nature Cell Biology
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