Natural Product Research最新文献

Four α-pyrone derivatives (1-4) were isolated from marine-derived Streptomyces sp. SYPHU 0003, among which two new compounds (1 and 2). The structures and absolute configurations of compounds 1-4 were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (MS and NMR), combined with ECD calculations and modified Mosher's method. Antibacterial activity revealed that compounds 1-4 exhibited identical activity against Acinetobacter baumannii with the MIC values of 64 μg mL^-1.

Elwendia persica is a highly valued aromatic medicinal herb in the Apiaceae family, and it is traditionally used in culinary and flavouring applications. However, its phytochemical profile, particularly regarding non-volatile bioactive compounds, remains underexplored. In this study, the bioactive compounds of Elwendia persica seeds were investigated using mass spectrometry (MS)-based phytochemical analysis. A total of thirty-two previously unreported compounds belonging to the class of organic acids (02), phenolic acid derivatives (13), sugars (02), amino acids (04), flavonoids (06), coumarins (03), terpenoids (01), and quinoline derivatives (01) were tentatively identified and characterised in Elwendia persica seeds using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). These findings highlight the significant bioactive potential of Elwendia persica seeds, offering valuable preclinical insights and affirming their importance as a renewable source of nutraceutical compounds for herbal medicine, food products, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical applications.

Three undescribed cassane diterpenoids, caesall FA/FB (1/2) and caesalpin LO (3), along with known pterolobirin G (4/5), were separated from the seed kernels of Caesalpinia sinensis. Their structures were unambiguously identified in the light of extensive spectroscopic data. Bioactively, all the compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against overproduction of NO in LPS-simulated RAW 264.7 cells by the Griess reaction. Compounds 1/2 and 4/5 exerted excellent anti-inflammatory efficacy with IC₅₀ values of 5.8 and 7.1 μM.

Twenty-six coumarin derivatives were isolated from the roots of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim., including two new compounds, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol-β-D-xylopyraosyl-(1″→6')-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1″→6')-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and 24 known aromatic compounds (3-26). Structural elucidation of compounds 1-26 was confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR spectra from the literature as well as high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis. To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of all compounds on H₂O₂-induced injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, we conducted experiments. Compounds 15 and 24 showed significant protective against reduced viability of SH-SY5Y cells decreased by H₂O₂, which confirmed that they had good neuroprotective effects.

Four new dammarane-type nortriterpenoids and four known dammarane triterpenoids were successfully isolated from mastic (Pistacia lentiscus L.). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analyses (including IR, UV, HR-MS and NMR spectroscopy). Compounds 1-4 represent structurally novel dammarane-type triterpenes, characterised by a side chain with a carbon deficiency of either 4 or 6 atoms relative to conventional analogues. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of these compounds were thoroughly evaluated, revealing promising results for potential therapeutic applications. Compounds 5-8 showed certain inhibitory NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells with IC₅₀ values of 24.84-37.15 μM (positive control dexamethasone, 11.27 ± 2.25 μM). Compound 7 significantly inhibited the growth of SW480 cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 30.76 ± 2.75 μM, comparable to that of the positive control cisplatin (25.91 ± 1.44 μM). Additionally, the effects of all the compounds on HCT116 cells were not significant.

The extract and fractions from flowers of Tecoma stans (Bignoniaceae), an invasive plant in Brazil, were evaluated for their larvicidal potential against Culex quinquesfasciatus larvae and for the toxicity to Artemia salina. The hexane (HEX) fraction caused 100% mortality at 1000 µg mL^-1 in the first 24 h of exposure (LC₅₀ = 118.73 µg mL^-1 and LC₉₀ = 306.06 µg mL^-1). The LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values for the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction were 399.40 µg mL^-1 and 853.36 µg mL^-1. Only the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction was toxic to A. salina. The results suggest selectivity from the HEX and DCM fractions of T. stans against C. quinquefasciatus and may serve as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic larvicides.

Five compounds were isolated from the fermentation broth of the oyster endophytic fungus Penicillium griseofulvum QDYM-3, including 1,6-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-8-methylxanthone (1), (+)-griseofulvin (2), (4 R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(6'-methylsalicyloxy)-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (3), 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (4), and epigriseofulvin (5). Compounds (1), (3), and (4) significantly inhibited Aβ aggregation, with compound (3) being the most effective, after the compound (3) was incubated with Aβ for 9 h, the THT fluorescence was detected to be 1089.67 AU, close to the 1044.33 AU of the positive control. Its neuroprotective effects were evaluated using an Aβ_1-42 induced SH-SY5Y cell injury model, showing no cytotoxicity at concentrations of 1 to 25 µg/mL. Notably, 1 µg/mL of compound (3) reduced ROS levels by 26.87%, the enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH were elevated by 13.97%, 20.74%, and 82.27% respectively, while the level of MDA was reduced by 20.42%. Additionally, the expression of intracellular proteins p-Akt, p-GSK-3β and β-catenin were up-regulated by 57.9%, 50.8% and 40.4%, respectively, at a sample concentration of 5 μg/ml compared with the injury group.

Taxodium distichum (TD) hydroalcoholic extracts from cone scale (TDCS), seed (TDSE), and branch with leaf (TDBL) tissues collected in winter from Northern Iran were evaluated to assess phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. Comparative profiling and bioassays revealed tissue-specific distributions of major constituents and distinct biological effects. TDBL exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, comparable to ascorbic acid, while TDCS showed the strongest antimicrobial activity, notably against Candida albicans. The predominant compounds in TDCS were podocarpa-8,11,13-triene-7β,13-diol, 14-isopropyl- (46.83%) and ferruginol (12.8%); in TDSE: podocarpa-8,11,13-triene-7β,13-diol, 14-isopropyl- (52.1%) and ferruginol (7.97%); and in TDBL: trans-caryophyllene (10.32%), dl-limonene (10.31%), α-pinene (9.74%), γ-sitosterol (8.64%), and ferruginol (7.31%). These results demonstrate clear tissue-dependent variation in bioactive compound profiles, suggesting divergent metabolic functions of reproductive and foliar tissues and highlighting T. distichum aerial parts as promising natural sources of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical and food applications.

In this study, five bioactive compounds were isolated from Latania verschaffeltii Lem. (Arecaceae). Among them, 6S,9S-roseoside (compound 5) exhibited significant antiproliferative activity against HepG2 and UO-31 cell lines, with IC₅₀ values of 16.69 and 9.25 µg/mL and selectivity indices of 7.68 and 4.26, respectively. Catechin (compound 2) showed strong activity, particularly against UO-31 cells, with a high selectivity index of 12.81, along with notable antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 0.89 µg/mL), and moderate cytotoxic effects against HepG2 (IC₅₀ = 6.83 and 30.69 µg/mL). Molecular docking studies indicated that both catechin and roseoside interact effectively with cytochrome c peroxidase, human topoisomerase IIα, and Bcl-2, suggesting potential mechanisms involving apoptosis induction and oxidative stress modulation. These findings were further supported by DFT calculations, molecular electrostatic potential mapping, frontier molecular orbital analysis, in silico ADMET predictions, and molecular dynamics. Taken together, catechin and 6S,9S-roseoside emerge as promising candidates for anticancer and antioxidant drug development.

Neolitsea cassia (L.) Kosterm., also known as cinnamon, is a medicinal and edible plant whose bark possesses pharmacological activities. Two active acidic polysaccharides were extracted from the plant by alkali and then purified. ACP-1F (776.01 kDa), predominantly composed of glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, but galacturonic acid was not detected in ACP-2F (98.56 kDa). The primary structural characteristics of two polysaccharides was investigated through a combination of analytical methods. The triple-helix structure and branching structure analysis were also conducted. The ACP-1F and ACP-2F exhibited divergent free radical scavenging capacities. Subsequent analysis revealed their capacity to stimulate nitric oxide secretion, augment phagocytic activity in RAW 264.7 cells, and enhance immune stress activity in RAW 264.7 macrophages. These findings establish a foundation for the potential use of ACP-1F and ACP-2F as immunomodulators, providing substantiated data in support of the efficacy of alkaline‑extracted polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicinal materials.