Natural Product Research最新文献

Two new prenyl-substituted natural products, 10-(3'-methyl-2'-butenyl)-9-methylguanine (1) and 12-ketone-colletorin B (2), along with three known prenylated compounds-12-ketone-colletochlorin B (3), colletorin B (4), and colletochlorin B (5)-were isolated from the endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. XSJC-F4. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by HRESIMS, NMR analysis, and compared with data from the literature. In addition, all compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities in vitro. All five compounds (1-5) exhibited good antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with MIC values ranging from 8 to 64 μg/mL.

One new cyclic nonapeptide, named agroscyclopeptide A (1), was isolated from Agrostemma githago L. The planar structure of agroscyclopeptide A was determined using spectroscopic techniques and MS analyses. The amino acids absolute configurations were identified by advanced Marfey's method. The potential anti-lung-cancer activity of compound 1 was evaluated using CCK-8 assay, through which its cytotoxic effects on NCl-H460 cells were analysed by assessing cellular viability. The results revealed that the compound 1 exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of NCL-H460 cells with a calculated IC₅₀ value of 4.6  μM, demonstrating efficacy comparable to that of cisplatin under identical experimental condition.

Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is a milk-derived bioactive peptide with demonstrated prebiotic properties. It is composed of a 64-amino acid framework and different carbohydrate molecules, which may serve as carbon sources for beneficial bacteria. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a widely used probiotic strain that promotes intestinal barrier function, prevents pathogen colonisation and exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, we explored the effect of GMP supplementation to LGG cultures on growth, adhesion and biofilm-forming properties of the bacterium. Prebiotic GMP promoted LGG growth and acidifying activities, mainly under anaerobiosis, without modifying the binding-mucus ability. GMP supplementation also increased LGG-biofilm biomass 3.8- and 3.4-fold under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Besides, GMP treatment increased LGG-biofilm volume 4.7-fold, thickness by 39% and roughness by 110%. Thus, incorporating GMP into food or nutraceutical formulations might represent a viable strategy to enhance the probiotic efficacy of LGG strain, potentially improving its performance in functional products.

Three unusual phenylisopentane norlignans, designated styraxolanes A-C (1-3), alongside three known analogues (4-6), were obtained from the Styrax tonkinensis resin. Structural assignment was achieved through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis (IR, HRESIMS, 1D- and 2D-NMR). With IC₅₀ values of 7.51 and 8.99 µM, compounds 3 and 4 correspondingly exhibited significant suppression of nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In contrast, compounds 1 and 2 displayed considerably weak activity (IC₅₀ = 23.47 and 24.78 μM, respectively). These results suggest a clear structure-dependent bioactivity. This study expands the chemical diversity of bioactive constituents in Styrax species and provides potential candidates for anti-inflammatory agent development.

Four novel compounds, 4-hydroxybenzyl-7-S-β-glucopyranoside (1), 4-hydroxybenzyl-7-S-S-β-glucopyranoside (2), 1-S-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4''-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-glucopyranoside (3), and 1-O-(4'-hydroxybenzoyl)-2-O-Z-sinapoyl-β-glucopyranoside (4) were used to isolate from Sinapis alba L. seeds. The structures were accomplished through spectroscopic analysis (NMR and MS) corroborated by chemical studies. Three human cancer cell lines were employed to detect the cytotoxic effects of the compounds.

Ophiorrhiza species are traditionally used to treat inflammation, pain, wounds, and snake bites due to their bioactive compounds; however, Ophiorrhiza radicans Gardner ex Thwaites, from the Western Ghats, remains underexplored. This study analysed extracts of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic activities. The ethanol extract showed the highest saponins (0.7404 µg/mL), tannins (0.619 mg/mL), and lignin (14.13%) content, and potent antioxidant activity (ABTS IC₅₀ = 6.962 µg/mL; FRAP value = 43.84 mg Trolox equivalents/gdw). The ethyl acetate extract was richest in terpenoids (0.512 mg/mL) and showed the strongest α-amylase (IC₅₀ = 1.39 ± 0.021 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC₅₀ = 0.30 ± 0.028 µg/mL) inhibition. The chloroform extract, rich in quinone (0.485 µg/mL), showed significant anti-inflammatory activity (IC₅₀ = 0.39 ± 0.012 µg/mL). The methanol extract had the highest glycoside(0.8230 µg/mL) and coumarin (0.9390 µg/mL) content and was non-toxic to HepG2 cells (IC₅₀ of 38.91 µg/mL).

Strobilanthes schomburgkii (Craib) J.R.I. Wood, a member of the Acanthaceae family, is a traditional medicinal plant with a wide range of therapeutic uses. Extracts of this plant have been employed for wound healing, as well as to treat and prevent various diseases, including inflammation, acute and chronic colitis, digestive disorders, bloating, diarrhoea, hemostasis, and cancer. In this study, plastocyanin-like protein (SSW) from the leaves of S. schomburgkii was isolated and evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity. The SSW protein showed an approximate molecular mass of 15 kDa according to Tricine-SDS-PAGE. N-terminal sequence of the protein (FEVLMGSDVGELVFXP) shared 70-80% similarity with plastocyanin-like proteins from plants. Our results suggest that SSW represents a novel member of the plastocyanin-like protein family. SSW inhibited bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation with an IC₅₀ of 0.399 mg/mL, exhibiting activity similar to diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. At a concentration of 40 µg/mL, the SSW did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects and suppressed cytokine production on macrophages in vitro as effectively as dexamethasone. A strong anti-inflammatory activity of SSW (40 µg/mL) was associated with inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways in macrophages, that lead to the significant decrease of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (P-ERK) and p38 phosphorylation. Therefore anti-inflammatory properties of S. schomburgkii leaves, revealed by Vietnam folk medicine, are at least partially mediated by plastocyanin-like protein of this plant.

Xanthosoma brasiliense (Desf.) Engl. (Araceae) is a leafy vegetable with nutritional and therapeutic potential. This study evaluated its nutritional composition, phytochemicals, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) profile, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activity. Proximate analysis showed carbohydrate 0.41 ± 0.01 mg glucose equivalents per gram dry weight (mg glucose Eq./g DW), protein 0.55 ± 0.02 mg bovine serum albumin equivalents per gram dry weight (mg BSA Eq./g DW), fibre 12.0 ± 0.4 mg/g DW, fat 0.16 ± 0.01% DW, ash 12.3 ± 0.4% DW, and moisture 62.0 ± 1.1% fresh weight. HPLC identified gallic, caffeic, rutin, quercetin, and ferulic acid. Antioxidant assays showed half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 1.818 mg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 0.506 mg/mL for 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) of 41.21 μg Trolox equivalents per gram dry weight (μg TE/g DW).α-Amylase (IC₅₀ = 0.979 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC₅₀ = 1.904 mg/mL) inhibition matched acarbose, confirming antidiabetic potential.

Peels, seeds, shells, cores and pomace are major by-products of fruit processing, whose improper disposal poses critical environmental and economic challenges. Currently, there is a growing need to find strategies for recycling and valorising these by-products, now recognised as valuable sources of bioactive compounds for nutraceutical, cosmetic and agrochemical applications. This review explores the by-products of the most important Mediterranean fruits and nuts, examining their bioactive composition and potential applications to identify understudied matrices and compounds, thus determining research gaps and priorities for their valorisation. Among waste matrices, pome cores, stone fruit pomace, seeds and internal layers of citrus, pomegranate pulp, and nut shells and skins were the most overlooked. Furthermore, some classes of phytochemicals, including phytosterols of stone fruits and triterpenes of pomes, emerged as the least investigated. This evidence underscores the need for targeted research to address knowledge gaps and fully leverage the functional potential of these by-products.

Gibberellin A₃ (GA₃, 1), a well-known member of the ent-kaurene tetracyclic diterpenoid family, exhibits diverse bioactivities. It serves as a lead compound in medicinal chemistry. In this study, inspired by the chemical structure of anticancer vorinostat and the bioactive α,β-unsaturated ketone unit in gibberellins, five new GA₃-based derivatives (2-6) were designed and synthesised. Their antiproliferative activity against five cancer cells was evaluated. Compound 4 and 5 with a ketone group at C-3 exhibited selective cytotoxicity against human renal carcinoma 786-O cells. Specifically, compound 4 displayed the most potent antiproliferative effect on 786-O cells with an IC₅₀ value of 12.93 μM.