Natural Product Research最新文献

To explore the antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydrolysates of S. japonicus from Dalian and preliminarily elucidate their mechanisms of action both in vitro and in vivo. Samples were hydrolysed using alcalase, protamex, and neutrase. 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays showed that the alcalase hydrolysate had the highest antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of 4.233 ± 0.067 mg/mL (DPPH) and 1.188 ± 0.066 mg/mL (ABTS). Further cell experiments indicated that the alcalase hydrolysate effectively inhibited intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), with a fluorescence rate of 4.29% ± 1.98%, and modulated antioxidant-related enzymes (superoxide dismutase: SOD, glutathione peroxidase: GSH-PX, malondialdehyde: MDA). The obtained optimal enzymatic hydrolysate was analysed by LC-MS/MS. The fluorescence rate of zebrafish (AAPH: 100%) decreased to 29.24% ± 1.10% (acridine orange: AO) and 56.71% ± 0.02% (ROS), with no observed embryonic toxicity. This study provides a foundation for the development of natural antioxidants.

Two new amino acid-derived oximes N-(2-hydroxyimino-4-methyl-pentanoyl)-L-isoleucine (1) and N-(2-hydroxyimino-4-methyl-pentanoyl)-L-leucine (2), along with two known analogues (E)-N-(2-hydroxyimino-3-phenylpropanoyl)-L-phenylalanine (3) and methyl (E)-N- (2-hydroxyimino-3-phenylpropanoyl)-L-phenylalaninate (4), were isolated from the mangrove-sediment-derived fungus Lecanicillium kalimantanense SCSIO 41702. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by Marfey's method. Compounds 1 and 2 showed medium inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production.

Two new phenolic compounds aconitol A (1) and B (2), together with three known compounds including one phenolic constituent (3) and two diterpenoid alkaloids (4-5), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum pendulum. Their structures were assigned by HRESIMS, extensive spectral methods and compared with literature data. All obtained compounds (1-5) were tested for their inhibitory activity against NO production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compound 1 and 5 showed moderate inhibitory effects.

Two new abietane diterpenoids (1 and 2) and two known analogs (3 and 4) were isolated from the whole plants of Phlegmariurus carinatus. Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, NMR, and HRESIMS). Moreover, all compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against U251 glioblastoma cells. Notably, compounds 1-4 exhibited potential cytotoxic activities with IC₅₀ values ranging from 19.81 to 81.49 μM. In addition, their stabilities were checked by HPLC in the preservation conditions and in the cell lines medium. The result showed that they were relatively stable in the preservation conditions, except for 3, but that they were decomposed in the incubation process. Finally, the most possible structures of impurities i1, i3 and i4 were deduced by spectroscopic methods (UV, HRESIMS and MS/MS). This work provides potential insights for the development of abietane diterpenoids as candidate drugs for the treatment of glioma.

From the leaves of Coula edulis, fourteen compounds were isolated and identified: D-mannitol (1), a mixture of β-sitosterol (2) and stigmasterol (3), α-amyrin (4), betulin (5), lupeol (6), lupenone (7), betulinic acid (8), taraxerol (9), 3β-(E)-coumaroyltaraxerol (10), 3β-(Z)-coumaroyltaraxerol (11), ursolic acid (12), stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (13), and β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (14). These compounds were analysed through NMR spectroscopy (both 1D and 2D) and by comparing them to previously published data. Compounds 1, 4, 5, and 7-9 have been identified from this species for the first time. Antibacterial activity was assessed, with compound 12 displaying the best efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 15.6 μg/mL). Molecular docking of compound 12 led to twenty lead compounds, among which 12 F displayed the highest score (-10.1 kcal/mol). Most lead compounds showed better scores compared to Vancomycin (-8.8 kcal/mol). Biovia Discovery Studio analysis reveals lead compounds interacting with CASTp-predicted active pocket amino acids.

Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R. Br., a plant used in traditional medicine, has underexplored phytochemical and toxicological profiles. This study investigates the metabolite profile of L. nepetifolia flowers and assesses their toxicity using zebrafish (ZF) embryos. The main active compounds were characterised using metabolomic approaches. ZF embryos were exposed to methanol extract (CEF), n-hexane (FHF) and ethyl acetate (FAF) fractions at different concentrations for 96 h. Toxicological effects were assessed including acetylcholinesterase activity, lipid peroxidation, cardiotoxicity, as well as hatching delay, developmental defects and morphological malformations. Phytochemical analysis revealed diverse metabolites, including phytosterols, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenylpropanoids. Verbascoside, a major compound, was isolated from the flowers for the first time. Toxicological assessments showed that CEF and FAF caused various toxic effects, with FAF showing pronounced embryotoxic and teratogenic effects. This study highlights the chemical diversity and potential toxicological risks of L. nepetifolia, emphasising the need for thorough evaluations of herbal medicines.

Four novel arecoline alkaloid atropisomers, arechuines A-D (1 - 4), were obtained from the peels of Areca catechu L. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS and NMR spectra. The absolute configurations of (+)/(-)-4 were determined by comparing the experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Compounds 1 - 4 were evaluated for their neuroprotective effects in glutamate-induced HT22 cell and 3 revealed potent neuroprotective effects at 10 μM. These are the first reported arecoline alkaloid atropisomers isolated from A. catechu.

Artemisia laciniata, a high-altitude medicinal herb, possesses diverse therapeutic properties. This study conducted a comprehensive phytochemical analysis of the whole plant, leading to the isolation of 15 secondary metabolites (1-15) across various classes: flavonoids (1-6), triterpenoids (7, 8), sesquiterpenoid lactones (9, 10) and furanocoumarins (11, 12) along with three steroids (13-15). These compounds were characterized using NMR (¹HNMR,¹³C NMR, 2D NMR), IR, HRMS and UV-VIS. All were reported for the first time from this plant, with compound 10 being a novel natural product. In-vitro antitumor activity was evaluated against lung (A549), colon (HCT116), prostate (PC3) and breast (T47D) cancer cell lines. Compounds 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 10 demonstrated significant antitumor activity, with compounds 3, 7 and 8 exhibiting IC₅₀ values 8 and 28 µM. In silico molecular docking and ADMET analysis were conducted to assess pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, revealing strong binding affinities of compounds 3, 6, and 7, particularly with PD-L1, highlighting their potential to target multiple cancer-related pathways. This study concludes that A. laciniata contains potent anticancer phytochemicals that target key proteins involved in cancer development, as demonstrated by MTT assay results.