Natural Product Research最新文献

Two previously undescribed limonoids, designated as toonamonoids A and B (1-2), featuring a rare γ-crotonolactone motif at C-17 instead of the typical furan ring, were isolated from Toona ciliata. var. yunnanensis (C.DC.) C.Y.Wu. Along with these, three known analogues (3-5) were also identified. The compounds were extracted using ethyl acetate (EtOAc) from the plant's twigs and leaves. Structural elucidation, including determination of absolute stereochemistry, was accomplished through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis involving 1D and 2D NMR techniques, complemented by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed against two human cancer cell lines. However, none of the isolated compounds (IC₅₀ values >10 μM) demonstrated notable cytotoxic activity when compared to the cisplatin.

We revised a structure of burkholdine (Bk)-1215, a cyclic octalipopeptide isolated from Burkholderia. We synthesised both α- and β-isomers of 1-methylethyl-D-xylopyranoside and compared them to the isolated moiety by NMR analysis. SPARTAN simulation was then performed to establish the stereochemistry of the anomeric position as the β-isomer. Additionally, the NMR assignment of the ATHOD moiety was revised using 2D-NMR analysis. Finally, the γ-linkage between the D-Dab and β-OHTyr residues was determined.

In this study, comparative chemical profiling of essential oils (EOs) extracted from the needles, stems, male and female cones of Pinus roxburghii Sarg. was conducted. The analysis of EOs were performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID). Twenty-four EO metabolites were identified, which represent (94.87-99.63%) of total composition. EOs composition was dominated by monoterpene hydrocarbons (79.9-93.32%) with a difference in abundance of metabolites. δ-3-Carene (40.03-64.52%), α-pinene (8.12-29.23%), (E)-caryophyllene (2.58-8.08%), β-pinene (0.92-7.06%), and terpinolene (4.17-6.54%) were found as major constituents of EOs. The antimicrobial potential of EOs were evaluated against three Gram-positive, three Gram-negative bacteria strains, and two fungal strains. Gram-positive bacterial strain Micrococcus luteus MTCC 2470, was found most susceptible to needle (30 ± 2 mm), stems (20.67 ± 1.2 mm), male cones (30.33 ± 1.5 mm), and female cones (26.67 ± 1.5 mm) EOs. Integrative network pharmacology analysis identified STAT3 as a key molecular target.

A systematic phytochemical study on the aerial parts of Leucosceptrum canum collected in Sichuan Liangshan was conducted. Fourteen ent-kaurane diterpenoids (1-14) including two new compounds (4β,11β,15β)-11,15-dihydroxy-20 (10→9)-kaur-5,16-dien-18-oic acid (1) and (4β,11β,12β)-11,12-dihydroxykaur-16-en-18-oic acid (2) were identified using comprehensive chromatographic techniques. Their structures were unambiguously established by various spectroscopic experiments (including 1D, 2D-NMR and HRMS), and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The anti-inflammatory and in vitro tumour growth inhibitory activities of selected compounds were evaluated.

The search for novel bioactive compounds has prompted investigations of underexplored plants with medicinal and ecological potential. Pteris melanocaulon, a tropical Asian fern thriving in metal-rich soils, remains largely unstudied phytochemically. This work presents the first comprehensive analysis of P. melanocaulon fronds collected from a decommissioned mining site in Marinduque, Philippines. Polarity-based solvent extraction and ultrasound-assisted methods were used to optimise compound recovery. Extracts underwent phytochemical screening, FTIR spectroscopy, GC-EI-MS, and LC-TQ-MS/MS analyses. The acetone extract showed abundant alkaloids, terpenoids, and phytosterols. Untargeted metabolomics identified several bioactive constituents, while FTIR confirmed functional groups consistent with polarity-based extraction. In silico target prediction linked metabolites to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and signalling pathways. The findings highlight the phytochemical diversity and therapeutic potential of P. melanocaulon, suggesting its prospective value in pharmacological and ecological applications.

Aflatoxin contamination is a serious threat affecting agricultural commodities in storage conditions all over the world. In current investigation work, the combination efficacy of natural fumigants such as terpinen-4-ol: cuminaldehyde and terpinen-4-ol: linalool on growth of the aflatoxigenic fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus are assessed. Chemical characterisation using GC-MS of natural fumigant, the A9 combination showed signature peaks of terpinen-4-ol (39%) and cuminaldehyde (54.59%) which effectively prevented the fungal growth and aflatoxin production in both Aspergillus species. Dose-dependent assay indicated a significant antifungal activity at 7.5 and 10 μL with a complete reduction of aflatoxins. Further, A9 combination treatment showed a decrease of ergosterol biosynthesis, plasma membrane damage and oxidative stress in fungal mycelium. Thereafter, in sorghum and pearl millet the fumigation with A9 combination effectively inhibited fungal proliferation and reduced aflatoxins. Conclusively, the study emphasises the use of natural biofumigant combinations in mitigating the aflatoxin contamination.

Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume is a traditionally used medicinal plant with potential anticancer properties. This study aimed to identify polyphenolic compounds from its crude methanolic extract (CME) using HPLC and evaluate their anticancer potential through in silico analyses. HPLC analysis revealed seven known polyphenolic compounds, including kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. Molecular docking against Caspase-3 (PDB ID: 1NME) showed strong binding affinities, with Quercetin exhibiting the highest score (- 6.1 kcal/mol). Pharmacokinetic profiling using SwissADME indicated favourable oral bioavailability for all compounds, while ProTox-III online server predicted low toxicity for most. PASS online analysis supported their antioxidant and antineoplastic potential. These findings suggest that A. sanguinolenta contains bioactive compounds that may contribute to apoptosis-mediated anticancer effects. Further in vivo and clinical studies are needed to validate these observations and explore therapeutic applications.

Flavonoids are an important class of natural products, widely acknowledged for their numerous health benefits. This study presents first comprehensive analysis of the flavonoid composition of all taxa under the genus Haplanthodes (family: Acanthaceae), namely Haplanthodes verticillata, Haplanthodes plumosa, Haplanthodes tentaculata, Haplanthodes neilgherryensis and Haplanthodes neilgherryensis var. toranganensis, endemic to India. An investigation of the aerial and root parts of these taxa, using Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS), revealed 10 distinct flavonoids, namely rutin, hesperetin, apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside (rhoifolin), neohesperetin, skullcapflavone I [(5-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dimethoxychromen-4-one], haplanthin, naringenin, apigenin, prunetrin and daidzein.

A novel polysaccharide (APNP) with a molecular weight of 3.56 × 10³ KDa and a total sugar content of 92.35 ± 0.07% was isolated from Pholiota nameko (T. Itô) S. Ito & S. Imai residue using alkaline extraction. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that APNP consisted of galactose, glucose, and mannose. FT-IR and NMR analysis results indicate that APNP form linkages between (1→3), (1→6), and (1→3,6)-β-D-glucose, (1→)-α-D-glucose, (1→)-α-D-galactose, and (1→3,6)-β-D-mannose. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three distinct pyrolysis phases in APNP. Congo Red assay results indicated the absence of triple-helical conformation in APNP under weakly alkaline conditions. In vitro assays demonstrated α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of APNP, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.165 mg/mL. HepG2-IR insulin resistance model and Western blot analyses demonstrated APNP's ability to ameliorate insulin resistance and enhance glucose metabolism.

Sophora moorcroftiana (Benth.) Baker seeds (SMS) have shown potential hepatoprotective effects. This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of S. moorcroftiana seeds (SMSE) on NAFLD and its possible mechanisms. SMSE treatment effectively alleviated liver dysfunction and lipid droplet accumulation in hepatic tissue, mitigated oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver tissues of NAFLD mice, and exerted consistent regulatory effects in FFA-induced HepG2. Further network pharmacology analysis revealed that the therapeutic potential of SMSE against NAFLD is closely associated with the regulation of the PPAR and AMPK signalling pathways. Meanwhile, SMSE promoted LKB1 phosphorylation, leading to the upregulation of proteins associated with fatty acid β-oxidation (PPARα and CPT1A) and the downregulation of proteins involved in lipid synthesis (SREBP-1, FAS, and ACC). These findings demonstrated that SMSE suppresses lipid synthesis and promotes fatty acid β-oxidation. Therefore, SMSE could be a potential therapeutic strategy for NAFLD.