Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.021
Dongsheng Yu, Chuanli Ju, Zebin Liu, Changxin Feng, Yu Wang, Yujia Sun, Lei Gao, Chunyan Li, Enjie Yu, Xuan He, Haimei Su, Mengchen Hu, Yidong Wang, Jiayi Liu, Jie Meng, Shen Tian, Liangyu Liu, Congcong Hou, Dongdong Kong, Legong Li
The gaseous hormone ethylene plays a key role in regulating plant growth and stress responses. Although Ca2+ has long been implicated in ethylene signaling, the identity of molecules controlling Ca2+ permeability has remained elusive. Here we show that Arabidopsis subfamily I ethylene receptors ETR1 and ERS1, as well as their homologs across the green lineage, are Ca2+ permeable. We found that simultaneous disruption of ETR1 and ERS1 markedly attenuates ethylene-induced elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations in Arabidopsis seedlings, and that both proteins exhibit Ca2+ permeability in the Xenopus laevis oocyte system and two additional heterologous expression systems. Moreover, we showed that homologs of ETR1 from eight land plant and algal species also exhibit Ca2+ permeability, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved function. We further demonstrate ethylene enhances the Ca2+ permeability of ETR1 and its homologue from the charophyte Klebsormidium flaccidum, and a mutation to disrupt ethylene binding (Cys65Ser) abolishes the ethylene influence. These findings uncover a previously unrecognized yet conserved role of ethylene receptors as Ca2+-permeable channels in the green lineage, with broad implications for Ca2+ signaling in plant development and environmental adaptation.
{"title":"Subfamily I ethylene receptors are functionally conserved in calcium permeability across the green lineage.","authors":"Dongsheng Yu, Chuanli Ju, Zebin Liu, Changxin Feng, Yu Wang, Yujia Sun, Lei Gao, Chunyan Li, Enjie Yu, Xuan He, Haimei Su, Mengchen Hu, Yidong Wang, Jiayi Liu, Jie Meng, Shen Tian, Liangyu Liu, Congcong Hou, Dongdong Kong, Legong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gaseous hormone ethylene plays a key role in regulating plant growth and stress responses. Although Ca<sup>2+</sup> has long been implicated in ethylene signaling, the identity of molecules controlling Ca<sup>2+</sup> permeability has remained elusive. Here we show that Arabidopsis subfamily I ethylene receptors ETR1 and ERS1, as well as their homologs across the green lineage, are Ca<sup>2+</sup> permeable. We found that simultaneous disruption of ETR1 and ERS1 markedly attenuates ethylene-induced elevation in cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations in Arabidopsis seedlings, and that both proteins exhibit Ca<sup>2+</sup> permeability in the Xenopus laevis oocyte system and two additional heterologous expression systems. Moreover, we showed that homologs of ETR1 from eight land plant and algal species also exhibit Ca<sup>2+</sup> permeability, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved function. We further demonstrate ethylene enhances the Ca<sup>2+</sup> permeability of ETR1 and its homologue from the charophyte Klebsormidium flaccidum, and a mutation to disrupt ethylene binding (Cys65Ser) abolishes the ethylene influence. These findings uncover a previously unrecognized yet conserved role of ethylene receptors as Ca<sup>2+</sup>-permeable channels in the green lineage, with broad implications for Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling in plant development and environmental adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145820314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.019
Yong Liang, Kai Bi, Eugenio Llorens, Ella Zigdon, Sara Hailemariam, Chao-Jan Liao, Ziyao Wang, Tesfaye Mengiste, Amir Sharon
{"title":"Activation of multilayered plant immunity through spatiotemporal expression of Botrytis cinerea BcCrh1-derived dual epitopes","authors":"Yong Liang, Kai Bi, Eugenio Llorens, Ella Zigdon, Sara Hailemariam, Chao-Jan Liao, Ziyao Wang, Tesfaye Mengiste, Amir Sharon","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145784778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.012
Megan Kelly, Ryan A Nasti
{"title":"Regulating the regulators: How expression control improves regeneration with developmental genes.","authors":"Megan Kelly, Ryan A Nasti","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145768642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.011
Zhiming Ma, Lei Wang, Jing Fan, Jian-Min Zhou
Pathogen and pests are major threats for agricultural productivity and food security. Diseases in major crops caused by pathogens or pests can reduce annual yields up to 40% (Ficke et al., 2018), resulting in billions of dollars in economic losses each year. There is an urgent need to develop innovative and sustainable technologies to protect crops from pathogens and pests and to enhance the resilience of agricultural systems. The plant immune system, which protects plants from numerous pathogens and pests, has been the focus of intensive research over the past decades. With rapid advancement in mechanistic understanding and biotechnological development, rational design of precisely regulated plant immune surveillance has become increasingly feasible. This approach is now central to breeding crops with enhanced disease/pest resistance, supporting global food security and sustainable agriculture.
病虫害是农业生产力和粮食安全的主要威胁。由病原体或害虫引起的主要作物病害可使年产量减少高达40% (Ficke et al., 2018)，每年造成数十亿美元的经济损失。迫切需要开发创新和可持续的技术，以保护作物免受病原体和害虫的侵害，并增强农业系统的抵御能力。植物免疫系统保护植物免受多种病原体和害虫的侵害，在过去的几十年里一直是深入研究的焦点。随着对机理的认识和生物技术的发展，合理设计精确调控的植物免疫监测已变得越来越可行。这种方法现在是培育抗病虫害能力增强的作物、支持全球粮食安全和可持续农业的核心。
{"title":"Integrating Plant Immune Mechanisms, Resistance Gene Discovery, and Engineering Strategies to Improve Crop Disease Resistance","authors":"Zhiming Ma, Lei Wang, Jing Fan, Jian-Min Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogen and pests are major threats for agricultural productivity and food security. Diseases in major crops caused by pathogens or pests can reduce annual yields up to 40% (Ficke et al., 2018), resulting in billions of dollars in economic losses each year. There is an urgent need to develop innovative and sustainable technologies to protect crops from pathogens and pests and to enhance the resilience of agricultural systems. The plant immune system, which protects plants from numerous pathogens and pests, has been the focus of intensive research over the past decades. With rapid advancement in mechanistic understanding and biotechnological development, rational design of precisely regulated plant immune surveillance has become increasingly feasible. This approach is now central to breeding crops with enhanced disease/pest resistance, supporting global food security and sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.013
Nicolaj Jeran, Luca Tadini, Simona Masiero, Paolo Pesaresi
{"title":"Coordinated Communication Among the Nucleus, Plastids, and Mitochondria","authors":"Nicolaj Jeran, Luca Tadini, Simona Masiero, Paolo Pesaresi","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.009
Liang Ma, Jingrui Li, Jianfang Li, Yandan Huo, Yongqing Yang, Caifu Jiang, Yan Guo
Global environmental changes pose severe threats to agricultural ecosystems, particularly through soil salinization, which adversely affects crop productivity and sustainability. Salt stress disrupts plant physiological processes, causing osmotic stress, ionic imbalance, and oxidative damage, thereby impairing growth and development. Understanding the mechanisms of salt tolerance and developing salt-resistant crops have therefore become critical for ensuring food security. This review synthesizes research from recent decades on plant responses to salt stress, with a focus on advances in the classic Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway and its central role in sodium homeostasis. We further discuss the emerging role of epigenetic regulation in mediating salt adaptation and the integration of salt stress responses with other environmental cues under combinatorial stress conditions. Finally, we outline future research directions aimed at developing “environmentally intelligent” crops with enhanced salt tolerance through multidisciplinary approaches combining quantitative biology, genetic engineering and genome editing technologies.
{"title":"Plant salt tolerance mechanisms: Classic signaling pathways, emerging frontiers, and future perspectives","authors":"Liang Ma, Jingrui Li, Jianfang Li, Yandan Huo, Yongqing Yang, Caifu Jiang, Yan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"Global environmental changes pose severe threats to agricultural ecosystems, particularly through soil salinization, which adversely affects crop productivity and sustainability. Salt stress disrupts plant physiological processes, causing osmotic stress, ionic imbalance, and oxidative damage, thereby impairing growth and development. Understanding the mechanisms of salt tolerance and developing salt-resistant crops have therefore become critical for ensuring food security. This review synthesizes research from recent decades on plant responses to salt stress, with a focus on advances in the classic Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway and its central role in sodium homeostasis. We further discuss the emerging role of epigenetic regulation in mediating salt adaptation and the integration of salt stress responses with other environmental cues under combinatorial stress conditions. Finally, we outline future research directions aimed at developing “environmentally intelligent” crops with enhanced salt tolerance through multidisciplinary approaches combining quantitative biology, genetic engineering and genome editing technologies.","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.010
Burcu Celebioglu, Jayanta Roy, Andrew Farmer, Stephanie English, Xingyao Yu, Xiaosa Xu, Phillip E. McClean, Paul Gepts, Travis A. Parker
{"title":"Domestication-related changes at PvMYB26 reduce pod shattering in common bean and shed light on the origins of agriculture in the Americas","authors":"Burcu Celebioglu, Jayanta Roy, Andrew Farmer, Stephanie English, Xingyao Yu, Xiaosa Xu, Phillip E. McClean, Paul Gepts, Travis A. Parker","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid-sterility-mediated reproductive isolation is pivotal for speciation, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms and its response to the environment remain elusive. Here, we report a temperature-sensitive pollen killer-protector system at a three-gene Sa locus for indica-japonica rice hybrid sterility. Genetic analyses identified SaFL+, a strong pollen protector from Sa-i (indica allele), and SaFL-, a weak japonica allele from Sa-j exclusively functional under high temperatures. Protein interaction, ubiquitination, and degradation assays showed that SaF+ and SaM+ from Sa-i form a pollen-killer complex to bind and ubiquitinate the reactive oxygen species scavenger COX11 for degradation in mitochondria, causing male sterility of the Sa-j pollen. Protein affinity and competitive binding assays indicated that in the Sa-i pollen, SaFL+ binds SaM+ to disrupt the killer complex and restore fertility. However, the weak protector SaFL- can bind SaM+ under high temperatures, sparing the Sa-j pollen from sterility. Synteny comparisons and haplotype analyses showed that the Sa locus originated in ancient wild rice and underwent divergence in the Oryza genus during expansion from tropical to temperate environments, which might have driven the latitudinal adaptation and reproductive isolation of rice populations. Thus, Sa represents a temperature-sensitive reproductive-isolation system associated with domestication and environmental adaptation in rice.
{"title":"A tripartite pollen killer–protector system confers temperature-sensitive inter-subspecific reproductive isolation in rice","authors":"Gousi Li, Yaling Zhang, Haixin Yu, Yongyao Xie, Hao Luo, Yuzhu Wang, Jintao Tang, Jia Zhang, Xianrong Xie, Wubei Zong, Kehong Liu, Xinhe Wang, Yunming Long, Qiurong Song, Zhipeng Wu, Yao-Guang Liu, Letian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid-sterility-mediated reproductive isolation is pivotal for speciation, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms and its response to the environment remain elusive. Here, we report a temperature-sensitive pollen killer-protector system at a three-gene Sa locus for indica-japonica rice hybrid sterility. Genetic analyses identified SaFL+, a strong pollen protector from Sa-i (indica allele), and SaFL-, a weak japonica allele from Sa-j exclusively functional under high temperatures. Protein interaction, ubiquitination, and degradation assays showed that SaF+ and SaM+ from Sa-i form a pollen-killer complex to bind and ubiquitinate the reactive oxygen species scavenger COX11 for degradation in mitochondria, causing male sterility of the Sa-j pollen. Protein affinity and competitive binding assays indicated that in the Sa-i pollen, SaFL+ binds SaM+ to disrupt the killer complex and restore fertility. However, the weak protector SaFL- can bind SaM+ under high temperatures, sparing the Sa-j pollen from sterility. Synteny comparisons and haplotype analyses showed that the Sa locus originated in ancient wild rice and underwent divergence in the Oryza genus during expansion from tropical to temperate environments, which might have driven the latitudinal adaptation and reproductive isolation of rice populations. Thus, Sa represents a temperature-sensitive reproductive-isolation system associated with domestication and environmental adaptation in rice.","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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