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Dynamical stability by spin transfer in nearly isotropic magnets 近各向同性磁体中自旋转移的动态稳定性
IF 41.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02510-z
Hidekazu Kurebayashi, Joseph Barker, Takumi Yamazaki, Varun K. Kushwaha, Kilian D. Stenning, Harry Youel, Xueyao Hou, Troy Dion, Daniel Prestwood, Gerrit E. W. Bauer, Kei Yamamoto, Takeshi Seki
Spin transfer torques (STTs) control magnetization by electric currents, enabling a range of nano-scale spintronic applications. They can destabilize the equilibrium magnetization state by counteracting magnetic relaxation. Here we maximize the STT effect through a dedicated growth-annealing protocol for CoFeB thin films, such that magnetic anisotropies originating from the interface and shape almost cancel each other. The nearly isotropic magnets enable low-current dynamical stabilization of the magnetization in the direction opposite to an applied magnetic field, thereby realizing a spintronic analogue of the Kapitza pendulum. In an intermediate current regime, the STT drives large magnetization vector fluctuations that cover the entire Bloch sphere. The continuous variable associated with the stochastic magnetization direction may serve as a resource for probabilistic computing and neuromorphic hardware. Our results establish isotropic magnets as a platform to study as-yet-uncharted, far-from-equilibrium spin dynamics including anti-magnonics, with promising implications for unconventional computing paradigms.
自旋转移扭矩(STTs)通过电流控制磁化,使一系列纳米级自旋电子应用成为可能。它们可以通过抵消磁弛豫来破坏平衡磁化状态。在这里,我们通过专门的CoFeB薄膜生长退火方案来最大化STT效应,使得来自界面和形状的磁各向异性几乎相互抵消。几乎各向同性的磁体使低电流动态稳定磁化方向与施加磁场相反,从而实现了自旋电子模拟卡皮察摆。在中等电流状态下,STT驱动覆盖整个Bloch球的大的磁化矢量波动。与随机磁化方向相关的连续变量可以作为概率计算和神经形态硬件的资源。我们的研究结果建立了各向同性磁体作为一个平台来研究尚未绘制的、远离平衡的自旋动力学,包括反磁振学,这对非常规计算范式具有很好的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Heterogeneity by design 设计的异质性
IF 38.5 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02545-2
Heterogeneous microstructure engineering has become a powerful strategy for optimizing properties and performance of metallic alloys.
非均相组织工程已成为优化金属合金性能的有力手段。
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引用次数: 0
In situ-generated vaccine-like pyroptosome for personalized cancer immunotherapy 在现场产生疫苗样焦体个体化癌症免疫治疗
IF 41.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02506-9
Binlong Chen, Fangjie Wan, Heming Xia, Xingquan Pan, Letong Wang, Yaoqi Wang, Yue Yan, Jianxiong Liu, Mingmei Tang, Ye Yang, Mengmeng Qin, Jiaona Ren, Bushu Zhou, Lijun Zhong, Wei Chen, Chuanhui Han, Mi Deng, Qiang Zhang, Yiguang Wang
The efficacy of in situ cancer vaccination has been hampered by a poor spatiotemporal orchestration of multiple key steps of the cancer-immunity cycle in most tumours and systemic toxicity related to therapeutic strategies. Here we report a systemic injectable and pyroptosis-enabled nanoadjuvant that evokes the secretion of a vaccine-like pyroptosome in the tumour area for robust antitumour immunity. This systemic injectable and pyroptosis-enabled nanoadjuvant induces vigorous immunogenic pyroptosis, triggering the efficient release of tumour antigen-rich pyroptosomes, damage-associated molecular patterns and proinflammatory cytokines. Photoactivatable release of a TLR7/8 agonist into the pyroptosome generates an in situ cancer vaccine platform that cooperatively activates the cancer-immunity cycle and avoids systemic toxicity. The vaccine boosts both innate and adaptive immune responses, facilitating the eradication of primary tumours and metastatic nodules, thereby providing long-lasting cancer prevention. Overall, the rational design of pyroptosis-inducing nanomedicines for boosting the cancer-immunity cycle reported here might aid in the development of more efficient personalized cancer immunotherapy approaches.
在大多数肿瘤中,癌症免疫周期的多个关键步骤的时空协调不佳,以及与治疗策略相关的全身毒性,阻碍了原位癌症疫苗接种的有效性。在这里,我们报道了一种全身可注射的、具有焦亡功能的纳米佐剂,它能在肿瘤区域唤起疫苗样焦亡体的分泌,从而产生强大的抗肿瘤免疫。这种全身性可注射和热亡激活的纳米佐剂诱导剧烈的免疫原性热亡,触发富含肿瘤抗原的热亡体、损伤相关的分子模式和促炎细胞因子的有效释放。TLR7/8激动剂在焦体中的光激活释放可产生原位癌症疫苗平台,该平台可协同激活癌症免疫周期并避免全身毒性。该疫苗可增强先天和适应性免疫反应,促进原发性肿瘤和转移性结节的根除,从而提供长期的癌症预防。总的来说,本文报道的促进癌症免疫周期的热诱导纳米药物的合理设计可能有助于开发更有效的个性化癌症免疫治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Texture-dependent all-optical switching in ferromagnetic films via stochastic nucleation of nanoscale domains. 基于纳米结构域随机成核的铁磁薄膜中纹理依赖的全光开关。
IF 41.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02515-8
Dinar Khusyainov,Rein Liefferink,MengXing Na,Fabian Kammerbauer,Robert Frömter,Mathias Kläui,Dmitry Kozodaev,Nikolay Vovk,Rostislav V Mikhaylovskiy,Dmytro Afanasiev,Alexey V Kimel,Johan H Mentink,Theo Rasing
Controlling magnetic textures at ever smaller length scales and timescales is of fundamental and technological interest. External stimuli capable of acting at the nanoscale pose a challenge, motivating alternative approaches that exploit the intrinsic inhomogeneity of magnetic textures. Here we use a Pt/Co/Pt ferromagnetic thin film to investigate magnetization reversal with circularly polarized picosecond laser pulses. Magnetic force microscopy reveals stochastic nucleation of complex nanotextured domains from an initial monodomain state. Subsequent illumination of these domains with laser pulses induces deterministic and homogeneous magnetization switching. We find that the domain growth depends on the complexity of the texture, revealing a helicity- and texture-dependent mechanism that contrasts with temperature-gradient-driven domain expansion. We complement our observations with a stochastic model in which domain nucleation is governed by light helicity and the local magnetic environment. These results provide an insight into the mechanism of multipulse helicity-dependent all-optical switching.
在更小的长度尺度和时间尺度上控制磁性结构具有基础和技术意义。能够在纳米尺度上起作用的外部刺激提出了一个挑战,激发了利用磁性结构内在不均匀性的替代方法。本文利用Pt/Co/Pt铁磁薄膜研究了圆极化皮秒激光脉冲的磁化反转。磁力显微镜显示了复杂纳米结构域从初始单畴状态随机成核。随后用激光脉冲照射这些区域,可诱导确定性和均匀的磁化开关。我们发现畴的生长取决于织构的复杂性,揭示了螺旋和织构依赖的机制,与温度梯度驱动的畴扩展形成对比。我们用一个随机模型来补充我们的观察,在这个模型中,畴成核是由光螺旋度和局部磁环境控制的。这些结果提供了对多脉冲频率相关全光开关机制的深入了解。
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引用次数: 0
Charge-triggered switching mechanism in selenium selector enabling ultralow leakage current. 硒选择器中的电荷触发开关机构,使能超低漏电流。
IF 41.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02499-5
Yuting Sun,Tamihiro Gotoh,Jiayi Zhao,Mengfei Zhang,Shucheng Shi,Hui Zhang,Zhi Liu,Jiabin Shen,Richard Dronskowski,Zhitang Song,Stephen R Elliott,Min Zhu
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence models has outpaced the capabilities of current dynamic random-access memory/flash storage systems in speed, density and energy efficiency. Three-dimensional phase-change memory offers a scalable solution, yet cross-point integration is limited by selector performance. Here, by reverse-tracing previously reported ovonic threshold switch (OTS) materials, we identify amorphous elemental selenium as a highly effective OTS selector. It exhibits an ultralow leakage current (4 × 10-12 A), an on/off current ratio exceeding 108, high drive current density (21.2 MA cm-2), fast switching speed (~20 ns) and endurance up to 2 × 109 cycles. Photoexcitation spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal a charge-triggered mechanism: dense trap pairs in amorphous selenium strongly pin the Fermi level and suppress leakage, while full carrier excitation in these traps near threshold, together with impact-ionization-induced avalanche multiplication, enables abrupt switching and high on-current. Integrated selenium-selector/phase-change memory arrays demonstrate reliable write/erase operations with a 0.75-V read margin. These results clarify the OTS mechanism and establish amorphous selenium as a leading selector material for three-dimensional memory.
人工智能模型的快速发展在速度、密度和能效方面已经超过了当前动态随机存取存储器/闪存存储系统的能力。三维相变存储器提供了一种可扩展的解决方案,但交叉点集成受到选择器性能的限制。在这里,通过反向追踪以前报道的卵泡阈值开关(OTS)材料,我们确定了无定形元素硒作为一个非常有效的OTS选择器。它具有超低漏电流(4 × 10-12 A),开/关电流比超过108,高驱动电流密度(21.2 MA cm-2),快速开关速度(~20 ns)和长达2 × 109次循环的寿命。光激发光谱和密度泛函理论计算揭示了电荷触发机制:无定形硒中的密集陷阱对强烈地钉住费米能级并抑制泄漏,而这些陷阱中接近阈值的全载流子激发以及撞击电离诱导的雪崩倍增可以实现突然开关和高导通电流。集成的硒选择器/相变存储器阵列具有0.75 v的读裕量,具有可靠的写/擦除操作。这些结果阐明了OTS机理,并确立了无定形硒作为三维记忆的首选选择材料的地位。
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引用次数: 0
Purcell-enhanced two-photon emission from a quantum dot via dark-state biexciton loading. 通过暗态双激子加载的量子点purcell增强双光子发射。
IF 41.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02522-9
Bang Wu,Li Liu,Hanqing Liu,Xinrui Mao,Xu-Jie Wang,Haiqiao Ni,Zhichuan Niu,Zhiliang Yuan
Generating light in well-defined photon-number states is central to photonic quantum technologies. While deterministic single-photon sources are well established, producing efficient two-photon states from individual emitters remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a high-efficiency two-photon emitter using the degenerate biexciton-exciton cascade in a Purcell-enhanced quantum dot-micropillar system. Leveraging polarization-selective p-shell excitation, we achieve effective biexciton loading and identify stimulated emission as a key mechanism enhancing two-photon temporal correlation. The emitter exhibits a two-photon correlation of g(2)(0) = 3,966(324), with a two-photon fraction of 0.983(1), and operates in a hybrid, predominantly cascade-dominated regime where cavity-stimulated two-photon emission coexists with the conventional biexciton-exciton cascade. These findings represent progress towards developing practical, on-demand, solid-state two-photon sources.
在定义良好的光子数状态下产生光是光子量子技术的核心。虽然确定性的单光子源已经建立,但从单个发射器产生有效的双光子状态仍然具有挑战性。在这里,我们展示了在purcell增强量子点-微柱系统中使用简并双激子-激子级联的高效双光子发射器。利用偏振选择性p壳激发,我们实现了有效的双激子加载,并确定了受激发射是增强双光子时间相关性的关键机制。该发射器的双光子相关系数为g(2)(0) = 3966(324),双光子分数为0.983(1),工作在以级联为主的混合状态下,其中腔激发的双光子发射与传统的双激子-激子级联共存。这些发现代表了在开发实用的、按需的固态双光子源方面取得的进展。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient two-photon emission from a quantum dot. 量子点的高效双光子发射。
IF 41.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02523-8
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引用次数: 0
Stability in the dilute limit. 在稀极限下的稳定性。
IF 38.5 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02527-4
Haisong Feng, Xin Zhang, Min Wei
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引用次数: 0
Metal hybridization in dilute-alloy catalysts promotes sintering resistance by decreasing surface mobility. 稀合金催化剂中的金属杂化通过降低表面迁移率来提高烧结阻力。
IF 41.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02489-7
Jordan Finzel,Audrey Dannar,Shoutian Sun,Adam S Hoffman,Yogita Soni,Bin Wang,Simon R Bare,E Charles H Sykes,Phillip Christopher
Dilute-metal-alloy nanoparticles exhibit enhanced catalytic performance compared with monometallic nanoparticles for many reactions. Anecdotal reports indicate that very dilute alloying can also slow the sintering rates of supported nanoparticles, although this has not been rigorously assessed and cannot be explained using bulk descriptors such as metal melting temperature. Here we utilize methanol synthesis reactivity, microscopy and in situ spectroscopy measurements to demonstrate that 1 atom% Pt addition to ~1-2-nm-diameter Cu (Pt1Cu100) nanoparticles supported on SiO2 dramatically decreases their sintering rates. Minimal sintering of Pt1Cu100 nanoparticles is observed during aging in H2 up to 700 °C versus 500 °C for Cu nanoparticles. Scanning tunnelling microscopy reveals that the addition of 0.01 monolayer of Pt to a Cu(110) surface decreases the detachment rate of undercoordinated atoms, demonstrating that dilute dopants can locally decrease the rate of the first step in nanoparticle sintering. Density functional theory calculations quantify the stabilization and predict other sinter-resistant dilute alloys. We find that the degree of host-dopant d-state hybridization correlates with decreased surface mobility, providing a mechanistic framework for designing sinter-resistant catalysts.
与单金属纳米颗粒相比,稀金属合金纳米颗粒在许多反应中表现出更强的催化性能。坊间的报道表明,非常稀的合金化也可以减缓纳米颗粒的烧结速度,尽管这还没有经过严格的评估,也不能用金属熔化温度等体积描述符来解释。在这里,我们利用甲醇合成反应性,显微镜和原位光谱测量证明了1原子% Pt添加到~1-2纳米直径的Cu (Pt1Cu100)纳米颗粒上的SiO2负载显著降低了它们的烧结速率。在H2中时效至700°C时,观察到Pt1Cu100纳米颗粒的最小烧结,而Cu纳米颗粒时效至500°C。扫描隧道显微镜发现,在Cu(110)表面添加0.01单层Pt降低了欠配位原子的脱离速率,表明稀释掺杂剂可以局部降低纳米颗粒烧结的第一步速率。密度泛函理论计算量化稳定性和预测其他抗烧结稀合金。我们发现,宿主掺杂物的d态杂化程度与表面迁移率的降低有关,这为设计抗烧结催化剂提供了一个机制框架。
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引用次数: 0
Deeper insights into charge photogeneration in organic solar cells. 对有机太阳能电池中电荷光产生的更深入的了解。
IF 38.5 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02500-1
Carsten Deibel
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引用次数: 0
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Nature Materials
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