Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02431-3
Daniel McNally
{"title":"P-wave magnetism in a metal","authors":"Daniel McNally","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02431-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02431-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 1","pages":"16-16"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02411-7
Chengde Ding, Baolei Tang, Yuxing Zhou, Bowen Jin, Patrick Commins, Marieh B. Al-Handawi, Liang Li, Panče Naumov, Hongyu Zhang
Common self-healing mechanisms rely on the diffusion of chemical entities across a fissure to rebuild the interface. As diffusion is temperature-controlled, cryogenic conditions are prohibitive to self-healing. Here we report a molecular crystal that heals at ambient and high temperature (298 and 423 K) but that is also capable of autonomous recovery at 77 K. The efficiency of this process depends on dipole–dipole interactions as the dominant mechanism that reduces the separation between the interfaces. Comparative optical transmission measurements confirm that healed crystals are approximately 99% transparent relative to the same material before cracking. This cryogenic self-healing capability is used to design an autonomously reparative, all-organic, crystalline optical transmission system and enables substantial recovery of the optical losses due to the material’s ability to recover after damage. This and possibly other similar materials overcome the natural limitations of macromolecular self-healing media at cryogenic temperatures, opening opportunities for developing materials that can operate practically indefinitely under extreme conditions. Cryogenic conditions limit molecular diffusion, inhibiting self-healing in most molecular systems. Here the authors present an organic molecular crystal capable of autonomous recovery at 77 K due to strong dipole–dipole interactions between aligned molecular layers.
{"title":"Cryogenically self-healing organic crystals","authors":"Chengde Ding, Baolei Tang, Yuxing Zhou, Bowen Jin, Patrick Commins, Marieh B. Al-Handawi, Liang Li, Panče Naumov, Hongyu Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02411-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02411-7","url":null,"abstract":"Common self-healing mechanisms rely on the diffusion of chemical entities across a fissure to rebuild the interface. As diffusion is temperature-controlled, cryogenic conditions are prohibitive to self-healing. Here we report a molecular crystal that heals at ambient and high temperature (298 and 423 K) but that is also capable of autonomous recovery at 77 K. The efficiency of this process depends on dipole–dipole interactions as the dominant mechanism that reduces the separation between the interfaces. Comparative optical transmission measurements confirm that healed crystals are approximately 99% transparent relative to the same material before cracking. This cryogenic self-healing capability is used to design an autonomously reparative, all-organic, crystalline optical transmission system and enables substantial recovery of the optical losses due to the material’s ability to recover after damage. This and possibly other similar materials overcome the natural limitations of macromolecular self-healing media at cryogenic temperatures, opening opportunities for developing materials that can operate practically indefinitely under extreme conditions. Cryogenic conditions limit molecular diffusion, inhibiting self-healing in most molecular systems. Here the authors present an organic molecular crystal capable of autonomous recovery at 77 K due to strong dipole–dipole interactions between aligned molecular layers.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 2","pages":"285-293"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02430-4
Duo Xu, Juyeong Hong, Huilin Zhao, Sojeong Pak, Jejung Kim, Anh Tuan Hoang, Kyungtai Park, Beom Jin Kim, Seunghyeon Ji, Jonggyu Choi, Jineui Kim, Sunggu Yang, Chun Kee Chung, Sungchil Yang, Jong-Hyun Ahn
Advanced monitoring of neural responses has deepened our understanding of brain functions. However, balancing sampling fidelity and spatial resolution of electrocorticography mapping remains a major challenge in neuroscience and neuroelectronics. Here we describe a flexible, two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based active array for electrocorticography sensing that uses a dual-transistor multiplexed source follower array architecture. We grow wafer-scale trilayer MoS2 directly on polyimide substrates for a scalable fabrication of active arrays and simultaneously scaling matrices with ultrahigh mapping resolution (up to 51 pixels mm−2). In vitro recordings of epileptiform activities and sinusoidal potential distributions demonstrate the high spatiotemporal resolution for full-bandwidth electrocorticography recordings using the 50 × 50 MoS2-based active arrays, which result from the fast on-site multiplexing speeds (τ ≈ 20 ns) and the megahertz response bandwidth of the transducer. In living mice, the active arrays enable high-fidelity electrocorticography monitoring of multiscale neural processes, including auditory-evoked potentials, tonotopic maps and localized multiunit activities at high frequency. Overall, these results suggest that the MoS2-based active arrays are promising minimally invasive high-fidelity tools for spatiotemporal neuronal monitoring. Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based active arrays made by growing wafer-scale trilayer MoS2 directly on a polyimidine substrate achieve high-fidelity spatiotemporal neuronal monitoring in vitro and in living mice.
{"title":"Two-dimensional semiconductor-based active array for high-fidelity spatiotemporal monitoring of neural activities","authors":"Duo Xu, Juyeong Hong, Huilin Zhao, Sojeong Pak, Jejung Kim, Anh Tuan Hoang, Kyungtai Park, Beom Jin Kim, Seunghyeon Ji, Jonggyu Choi, Jineui Kim, Sunggu Yang, Chun Kee Chung, Sungchil Yang, Jong-Hyun Ahn","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02430-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02430-4","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced monitoring of neural responses has deepened our understanding of brain functions. However, balancing sampling fidelity and spatial resolution of electrocorticography mapping remains a major challenge in neuroscience and neuroelectronics. Here we describe a flexible, two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based active array for electrocorticography sensing that uses a dual-transistor multiplexed source follower array architecture. We grow wafer-scale trilayer MoS2 directly on polyimide substrates for a scalable fabrication of active arrays and simultaneously scaling matrices with ultrahigh mapping resolution (up to 51 pixels mm−2). In vitro recordings of epileptiform activities and sinusoidal potential distributions demonstrate the high spatiotemporal resolution for full-bandwidth electrocorticography recordings using the 50 × 50 MoS2-based active arrays, which result from the fast on-site multiplexing speeds (τ ≈ 20 ns) and the megahertz response bandwidth of the transducer. In living mice, the active arrays enable high-fidelity electrocorticography monitoring of multiscale neural processes, including auditory-evoked potentials, tonotopic maps and localized multiunit activities at high frequency. Overall, these results suggest that the MoS2-based active arrays are promising minimally invasive high-fidelity tools for spatiotemporal neuronal monitoring. Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based active arrays made by growing wafer-scale trilayer MoS2 directly on a polyimidine substrate achieve high-fidelity spatiotemporal neuronal monitoring in vitro and in living mice.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 3","pages":"511-522"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02427-z
Berit H. Goodge
Ultraviolet illumination dramatically increases electrical conductivity at the interface between two oxide compounds.
紫外线照射大大增加了两种氧化物之间界面的导电性。
{"title":"Shining a light on interfacial conductivity","authors":"Berit H. Goodge","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02427-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02427-z","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet illumination dramatically increases electrical conductivity at the interface between two oxide compounds.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 1","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antiferromagnets have gained a growing interest for next-generation spintronic applications. Among them, the antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Mn3Sn stands out because of its electrical and magnetic properties driven by its non-collinear spin structure at room temperature. Despite research progress on the current-induced switching of the magnetic octupole in Mn3Sn, the ultrafast switching inherent to the antiferromagnet remains to be resolved, and the underlying mechanism is yet elusive. Here we measure the spatiotemporally resolved current-induced switching dynamics in polycrystalline Mn3Sn films using ultrafast magneto-optical Kerr effect imaging, with current pulses as short as 140 ps. Our results directly reveal two distinct switching regimes depending on the intensity and duration of the current pulse: a non-thermal process that does not require the transient melting of antiferromagnetic order, and a temperature-assisted process that relies on heating above the magnetic ordering temperature. Our work highlights the potential of Mn3Sn towards ultrafast magnetic recording devices. This study reveals spatiotemporally resolved current-induced switching in Mn3Sn thin films, identifying both thermal and non-thermal mechanisms depending on the amplitude of the current.
{"title":"Ultrafast time-resolved observation of non-thermal current-induced switching in an antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal","authors":"Kazuma Ogawa, Hanshen Tsai, Naotaka Yoshikawa, Takumi Matsuo, Yutaro Tsushima, Mihiro Asakura, Hanyi Peng, Takuya Matsuda, Tomoya Higo, Satoru Nakatsuji, Ryo Shimano","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02402-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02402-8","url":null,"abstract":"Antiferromagnets have gained a growing interest for next-generation spintronic applications. Among them, the antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Mn3Sn stands out because of its electrical and magnetic properties driven by its non-collinear spin structure at room temperature. Despite research progress on the current-induced switching of the magnetic octupole in Mn3Sn, the ultrafast switching inherent to the antiferromagnet remains to be resolved, and the underlying mechanism is yet elusive. Here we measure the spatiotemporally resolved current-induced switching dynamics in polycrystalline Mn3Sn films using ultrafast magneto-optical Kerr effect imaging, with current pulses as short as 140 ps. Our results directly reveal two distinct switching regimes depending on the intensity and duration of the current pulse: a non-thermal process that does not require the transient melting of antiferromagnetic order, and a temperature-assisted process that relies on heating above the magnetic ordering temperature. Our work highlights the potential of Mn3Sn towards ultrafast magnetic recording devices. This study reveals spatiotemporally resolved current-induced switching in Mn3Sn thin films, identifying both thermal and non-thermal mechanisms depending on the amplitude of the current.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 3","pages":"434-439"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02435-z
Jie Zhang
Borrowing an idea from granular physics, researchers design and engineer soft composite materials with non-reciprocal static and dynamical mechanical behaviours, which could power the next generation of soft robots.
{"title":"Breaking the rule of reciprocity in soft composite solids","authors":"Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02435-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02435-z","url":null,"abstract":"Borrowing an idea from granular physics, researchers design and engineer soft composite materials with non-reciprocal static and dynamical mechanical behaviours, which could power the next generation of soft robots.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 1","pages":"13-14"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02388-3
Shengsong Yang, Dai-Bei Yang, Yifan Ning, Yugang Zhang, James M. Kikkawa, Jeffery G. Saven, Christopher B. Murray
Designing superlattices of nanocrystals to mimic and extend the properties of atomic crystals has been a long-standing motivation in materials chemistry. Interstitial solid solutions, such as steel, are well-studied atomic lattices in which mobile components move among the interstices. These materials exhibit unique properties, including reversible structural changes and phase transitions. Interstitial solid solutions possess unique dynamic structures and reversible responses, which motivate the creation of their colloidal equivalents. Here we report a fully thermo-reversible colloidal interstitial solid solution by combining liquid crystals and nanocrystals functionalized with promesogenic ligands. Mesogen molecules fill and diffuse among the interstices of a superlattice, resulting in a super-large thermal expansivity. The approach uses a modular design of interparticle interactions, allowing control of interparticle distance, microstructure and transition between crystallographic forms. Combining liquid crystals and nanocrystals functionalized with promesogenic ligands yields an interstitial colloidal solid solution exhibiting high thermal expansivity and reversible superlattice phase transitions driven by mesogen diffusion.
{"title":"Super-expansive thermo-reversible interstitial solid solution of nanocrystal superlattices with mesogens","authors":"Shengsong Yang, Dai-Bei Yang, Yifan Ning, Yugang Zhang, James M. Kikkawa, Jeffery G. Saven, Christopher B. Murray","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02388-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02388-3","url":null,"abstract":"Designing superlattices of nanocrystals to mimic and extend the properties of atomic crystals has been a long-standing motivation in materials chemistry. Interstitial solid solutions, such as steel, are well-studied atomic lattices in which mobile components move among the interstices. These materials exhibit unique properties, including reversible structural changes and phase transitions. Interstitial solid solutions possess unique dynamic structures and reversible responses, which motivate the creation of their colloidal equivalents. Here we report a fully thermo-reversible colloidal interstitial solid solution by combining liquid crystals and nanocrystals functionalized with promesogenic ligands. Mesogen molecules fill and diffuse among the interstices of a superlattice, resulting in a super-large thermal expansivity. The approach uses a modular design of interparticle interactions, allowing control of interparticle distance, microstructure and transition between crystallographic forms. Combining liquid crystals and nanocrystals functionalized with promesogenic ligands yields an interstitial colloidal solid solution exhibiting high thermal expansivity and reversible superlattice phase transitions driven by mesogen diffusion.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 2","pages":"294-301"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02418-0
Christoph Karfusehr, Markus Eder, Hao Yuan Yang, Brice Beinsteiner, Marion Jasnin, Friedrich C. Simmel
Biological compartmentalization creates and controls localized environments to ensure that chemical processes are efficient, thus enabling life’s complexity and functionality. Biological systems use crystalline protein cages for nanoscale compartments, whereas larger, dynamic structures, such as vesicles and cell membranes, are formed from lipid bilayers. Although membrane-based approaches have prevailed in bottom-up synthetic biology, DNA and protein nanotechnology has focused on designing rigid cage assemblies. Here we report on the self-assembly of radially symmetric DNA origami subunits that are inspired by the structure and interactions of lipids. The formed DNA origami monolayer membranes can be readily programmed to form vesicles or hollow tubes with diameters ranging from 100 nm to over 1 μm. These DNA origami membranes represent an approach for compartmentalization that opens possibilities in bottom-up biology and cell-scale soft robotics. Through the programmable self-assembly of lipid-inspired radially symmetric DNA, porous molecular membranes and cell-sized compartments are formed with applications in bottom-up biology and soft robotics.
{"title":"Self-assembled cell-scale containers made from DNA origami membranes","authors":"Christoph Karfusehr, Markus Eder, Hao Yuan Yang, Brice Beinsteiner, Marion Jasnin, Friedrich C. Simmel","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02418-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02418-0","url":null,"abstract":"Biological compartmentalization creates and controls localized environments to ensure that chemical processes are efficient, thus enabling life’s complexity and functionality. Biological systems use crystalline protein cages for nanoscale compartments, whereas larger, dynamic structures, such as vesicles and cell membranes, are formed from lipid bilayers. Although membrane-based approaches have prevailed in bottom-up synthetic biology, DNA and protein nanotechnology has focused on designing rigid cage assemblies. Here we report on the self-assembly of radially symmetric DNA origami subunits that are inspired by the structure and interactions of lipids. The formed DNA origami monolayer membranes can be readily programmed to form vesicles or hollow tubes with diameters ranging from 100 nm to over 1 μm. These DNA origami membranes represent an approach for compartmentalization that opens possibilities in bottom-up biology and cell-scale soft robotics. Through the programmable self-assembly of lipid-inspired radially symmetric DNA, porous molecular membranes and cell-sized compartments are formed with applications in bottom-up biology and soft robotics.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 3","pages":"502-510"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-025-02418-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02429-x
Dewei Zhao, Liang Li
Adding an ammonium propionic acid stabilizes the phases of both the middle and top perovskite layers, which further enables efficient and stable perovskite/perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.
{"title":"One additive for all","authors":"Dewei Zhao, Liang Li","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02429-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02429-x","url":null,"abstract":"Adding an ammonium propionic acid stabilizes the phases of both the middle and top perovskite layers, which further enables efficient and stable perovskite/perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 2","pages":"164-165"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02426-0
Christoph Rehbock, Stephan Barcikowski
A technique combining laser fragmentation in liquids with the reduction of multiple metal salt precursors is developed to synthesize alloy nanoparticles, simultaneously achieving ultrasmall size and high compositional complexity for efficient and stable electrocatalysis.
{"title":"Two birds with one stone","authors":"Christoph Rehbock, Stephan Barcikowski","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02426-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02426-0","url":null,"abstract":"A technique combining laser fragmentation in liquids with the reduction of multiple metal salt precursors is developed to synthesize alloy nanoparticles, simultaneously achieving ultrasmall size and high compositional complexity for efficient and stable electrocatalysis.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"25 1","pages":"2-3"},"PeriodicalIF":38.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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