Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01945-6
Kevin J. Prince, Heather M. Mirletz, E. Ashley Gaulding, Lance M. Wheeler, Ross A. Kerner, Xiaopeng Zheng, Laura T. Schelhas, Paul Tracy, Colin A. Wolden, Joseph J. Berry, Silvana Ovaitt, Teresa M. Barnes, Joseph M. Luther
Solar energy is the fastest-growing source of electricity generation globally. As deployment increases, photovoltaic (PV) panels need to be produced sustainably. Therefore, the resource utilization rate and the rate at which those resources become available in the environment must be in equilibrium while maintaining the well-being of people and nature. Metal halide perovskite (MHP) semiconductors could revolutionize PV technology due to high efficiency, readily available/accessible materials and low-cost production. Here we outline how MHP-PV panels could scale a sustainable supply chain while appreciably contributing to a global renewable energy transition. We evaluate the critical material concerns, embodied energy, carbon impacts and circular supply chain processes of MHP-PVs. The research community is in an influential position to prioritize research efforts in reliability, recycling and remanufacturing to make MHP-PVs one of the most sustainable energy sources on the market.
{"title":"Sustainability pathways for perovskite photovoltaics","authors":"Kevin J. Prince, Heather M. Mirletz, E. Ashley Gaulding, Lance M. Wheeler, Ross A. Kerner, Xiaopeng Zheng, Laura T. Schelhas, Paul Tracy, Colin A. Wolden, Joseph J. Berry, Silvana Ovaitt, Teresa M. Barnes, Joseph M. Luther","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01945-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-01945-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solar energy is the fastest-growing source of electricity generation globally. As deployment increases, photovoltaic (PV) panels need to be produced sustainably. Therefore, the resource utilization rate and the rate at which those resources become available in the environment must be in equilibrium while maintaining the well-being of people and nature. Metal halide perovskite (MHP) semiconductors could revolutionize PV technology due to high efficiency, readily available/accessible materials and low-cost production. Here we outline how MHP-PV panels could scale a sustainable supply chain while appreciably contributing to a global renewable energy transition. We evaluate the critical material concerns, embodied energy, carbon impacts and circular supply chain processes of MHP-PVs. The research community is in an influential position to prioritize research efforts in reliability, recycling and remanufacturing to make MHP-PVs one of the most sustainable energy sources on the market.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01955-4
Xin Wang, Chengfeng Pan, Neng Xia, Chong Zhang, Bo Hao, Dongdong Jin, Lin Su, Jinsheng Zhao, Carmel Majidi, Li Zhang
Robotic tasks that require robust propulsion abilities such as jumping, ejecting or catapulting require power-amplification strategies where kinetic energy is generated from pre-stored energy. Here we report an engineered accumulated strain energy-fracture power-amplification method that is inspired by the pressurized fluidic squirting mechanism of Ecballium elaterium (squirting cucumber plants). We realize a light-driven hydrogel launcher that harnesses fast liquid vapourization triggered by the photothermal response of an embedded graphene suspension. This vapourization leads to appreciable elastic energy storage within the surrounding hydrogel network, followed by rapid elastic energy release within 0.3 ms. These soft hydrogel robots achieve controlled launching at high velocity with a predictable trajectory. The accumulated strain energy-fracture method was used to create an artificial squirting cucumber that disperses artificial seeds over metres, which can further achieve smart seeding through an integrated radio-frequency identification chip. This power-amplification strategy provides a basis for propulsive motion to advance the capabilities of miniaturized soft robotic systems.
{"title":"Fracture-driven power amplification in a hydrogel launcher","authors":"Xin Wang, Chengfeng Pan, Neng Xia, Chong Zhang, Bo Hao, Dongdong Jin, Lin Su, Jinsheng Zhao, Carmel Majidi, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01955-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-01955-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Robotic tasks that require robust propulsion abilities such as jumping, ejecting or catapulting require power-amplification strategies where kinetic energy is generated from pre-stored energy. Here we report an engineered accumulated strain energy-fracture power-amplification method that is inspired by the pressurized fluidic squirting mechanism of <i>Ecballium elaterium</i> (squirting cucumber plants). We realize a light-driven hydrogel launcher that harnesses fast liquid vapourization triggered by the photothermal response of an embedded graphene suspension. This vapourization leads to appreciable elastic energy storage within the surrounding hydrogel network, followed by rapid elastic energy release within 0.3 ms. These soft hydrogel robots achieve controlled launching at high velocity with a predictable trajectory. The accumulated strain energy-fracture method was used to create an artificial squirting cucumber that disperses artificial seeds over metres, which can further achieve smart seeding through an integrated radio-frequency identification chip. This power-amplification strategy provides a basis for propulsive motion to advance the capabilities of miniaturized soft robotic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01960-7
Emily G. Meekel, Phillippa Partridge, Robert A. I. Paraoan, Joshua J. B. Levinsky, Ben Slater, Claire L. Hobday, Andrew L. Goodwin
By virtue of their open network structures and low densities, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are soft materials that exhibit elastic instabilities at low applied stresses. The conventional strategy for improving elastic stability is to increase the connectivity of the underlying MOF network, which necessarily increases the material density and reduces the porosity. Here we demonstrate an alternative paradigm, whereby elastic stability is enhanced in a MOF with an aperiodic network topology. We use a combination of variable-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements and coarse-grained lattice-dynamical calculations to interrogate the high-pressure behaviour of the topologically aperiodic system TRUMOF-1, which we compare against that of its ordered congener MOF-5. We show that the topology of the former quenches the elastic instability responsible for pressure-induced framework collapse in the latter, much as irregularity in the shapes and sizes of stones acts to prevent cooperative mechanical failure in drystone walls. Our results establish aperiodicity as a counter-intuitive design motif in engineering the mechanical properties of framework structures that is relevant to MOFs and larger-scale architectures alike. High-pressure experiments performed on aperiodic TRUMOF-1 demonstrate that this material remains crystalline up to pressures of 1.8 GPa, higher than other cubic metal–organic framework, due to the heterogeneous distribution of different shock-absorption mechanisms throughout the material.
{"title":"Enhanced elastic stability of a topologically disordered crystalline metal–organic framework","authors":"Emily G. Meekel, Phillippa Partridge, Robert A. I. Paraoan, Joshua J. B. Levinsky, Ben Slater, Claire L. Hobday, Andrew L. Goodwin","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01960-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-024-01960-7","url":null,"abstract":"By virtue of their open network structures and low densities, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are soft materials that exhibit elastic instabilities at low applied stresses. The conventional strategy for improving elastic stability is to increase the connectivity of the underlying MOF network, which necessarily increases the material density and reduces the porosity. Here we demonstrate an alternative paradigm, whereby elastic stability is enhanced in a MOF with an aperiodic network topology. We use a combination of variable-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements and coarse-grained lattice-dynamical calculations to interrogate the high-pressure behaviour of the topologically aperiodic system TRUMOF-1, which we compare against that of its ordered congener MOF-5. We show that the topology of the former quenches the elastic instability responsible for pressure-induced framework collapse in the latter, much as irregularity in the shapes and sizes of stones acts to prevent cooperative mechanical failure in drystone walls. Our results establish aperiodicity as a counter-intuitive design motif in engineering the mechanical properties of framework structures that is relevant to MOFs and larger-scale architectures alike. High-pressure experiments performed on aperiodic TRUMOF-1 demonstrate that this material remains crystalline up to pressures of 1.8 GPa, higher than other cubic metal–organic framework, due to the heterogeneous distribution of different shock-absorption mechanisms throughout the material.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-024-01960-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iron-based 1111-type superconductors display high critical temperatures and relatively high critical current densities Jc. The typical approach to increasing Jc is to introduce defects to control dissipative vortex motion. However, when optimized, this approach is theoretically predicted to be limited to achieving a maximum Jc of only ∼30% of the depairing current density Jd, which depends on the coherence length and the penetration depth. Here we dramatically boost Jc in SmFeAsO1-xHx films using a thermodynamic approach aimed at increasing Jd and incorporating vortex pinning centres. Specifically, we reduce the penetration depth, coherence length and critical field anisotropy by increasing the carrier density through high electron doping using H substitution. Remarkably, the quadrupled Jd reaches 415 MA cm-2, a value comparable to cuprates. Finally, by introducing defects using proton irradiation, we obtain high Jc values in fields up to 25 T. We apply this method to other iron-based superconductors and achieve a similar enhancement of current densities.
铁基 1111 型超导体具有较高的临界温度和相对较高的临界电流密度 Jc。提高 Jc 的典型方法是引入缺陷来控制耗散涡流运动。然而,根据理论预测,这种方法在优化后的最大 Jc 值只能达到去airing 电流密度 Jd 的 30%,而这取决于相干长度和穿透深度。在这里,我们采用一种热力学方法,旨在提高 Jd 并结合涡流钉中心,从而显著提高 SmFeAsO1-xHx 薄膜中的 Jc。具体来说,我们通过使用 H 替代物进行高电子掺杂来增加载流子密度,从而降低了穿透深度、相干长度和临界场各向异性。值得注意的是,四倍的 Jd 值达到了 415 MA cm-2,与铜氧化物相当。最后,通过质子辐照引入缺陷,我们在高达 25 T 的磁场中获得了较高的 Jc 值。我们将这种方法应用于其他铁基超导体,并获得了类似的电流密度增强效果。
{"title":"Quadrupling the depairing current density in the iron-based superconductor SmFeAsO<sub>1-x</sub>H<sub>x</sub>.","authors":"Masashi Miura, Serena Eley, Kazumasa Iida, Kota Hanzawa, Jumpei Matsumoto, Hidenori Hiramatsu, Yuki Ogimoto, Takumi Suzuki, Tomoki Kobayashi, Toshinori Ozaki, Hodaka Kurokawa, Naoto Sekiya, Ryuji Yoshida, Takeharu Kato, Tatsunori Okada, Hiroyuki Okazaki, Tetsuya Yamaki, Jens Hänisch, Satoshi Awaji, Atsutaka Maeda, Boris Maiorov, Hideo Hosono","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01952-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-024-01952-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron-based 1111-type superconductors display high critical temperatures and relatively high critical current densities J<sub>c</sub>. The typical approach to increasing J<sub>c</sub> is to introduce defects to control dissipative vortex motion. However, when optimized, this approach is theoretically predicted to be limited to achieving a maximum J<sub>c</sub> of only ∼30% of the depairing current density J<sub>d</sub>, which depends on the coherence length and the penetration depth. Here we dramatically boost J<sub>c</sub> in SmFeAsO<sub>1-x</sub>H<sub>x</sub> films using a thermodynamic approach aimed at increasing J<sub>d</sub> and incorporating vortex pinning centres. Specifically, we reduce the penetration depth, coherence length and critical field anisotropy by increasing the carrier density through high electron doping using H substitution. Remarkably, the quadrupled J<sub>d</sub> reaches 415 MA cm<sup>-2</sup>, a value comparable to cuprates. Finally, by introducing defects using proton irradiation, we obtain high J<sub>c</sub> values in fields up to 25 T. We apply this method to other iron-based superconductors and achieve a similar enhancement of current densities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01938-5
Microbial products only work if the microorganisms are kept alive — usually through the use of cold chains. High-throughput mapping of the microbial–material combinations landscape generated specific dry formulations that enable the microorganisms to survive extreme storage and processing conditions.
{"title":"Stable microbial–material combinations for therapeutic applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01938-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-01938-5","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial products only work if the microorganisms are kept alive — usually through the use of cold chains. High-throughput mapping of the microbial–material combinations landscape generated specific dry formulations that enable the microorganisms to survive extreme storage and processing conditions.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141631443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01914-z
Yu-Xiao Jiang, Sen Shao, Wei Xia, M. Michael Denner, Julian Ingham, Md Shafayat Hossain, Qingzheng Qiu, Xiquan Zheng, Hongyu Chen, Zi-Jia Cheng, Xian P. Yang, Byunghoon Kim, Jia-Xin Yin, Songbo Zhang, Maksim Litskevich, Qi Zhang, Tyler A. Cochran, Yingying Peng, Guoqing Chang, Yanfeng Guo, Ronny Thomale, Titus Neupert, M. Zahid Hasan
A nematic phase breaks the point-group symmetry of the crystal lattice and is known to emerge in correlated materials. Here we report the observation of an intra-unit-cell nematic order and associated Fermi surface deformation in the kagome metal ScV6Sn6. Using scanning tunnelling microscopy and scanning tunnelling spectroscopy, we reveal a stripe-like nematic order breaking the crystal rotational symmetry within the kagome lattice itself. Moreover, we identify a set of Van Hove singularities adhering to the kagome-layer electrons, which appear along one direction of the Brillouin zone and are annihilated along other high-symmetry directions, revealing rotational symmetry breaking. Via detailed spectroscopic maps, we further observe an elliptical deformation of the Fermi surface, which provides direct evidence for an electronically mediated nematic order. Our work not only bridges the gap between electronic nematicity and kagome physics but also sheds light on the potential mechanism for realizing symmetry-broken phases in correlated electron systems. Scanning tunnelling microscopy and scanning tunnelling spectroscopy have been used to observe intra-unit-cell nematic order and associated Fermi surface deformation in ScV6Sn6.
{"title":"Van Hove annihilation and nematic instability on a kagome lattice","authors":"Yu-Xiao Jiang, Sen Shao, Wei Xia, M. Michael Denner, Julian Ingham, Md Shafayat Hossain, Qingzheng Qiu, Xiquan Zheng, Hongyu Chen, Zi-Jia Cheng, Xian P. Yang, Byunghoon Kim, Jia-Xin Yin, Songbo Zhang, Maksim Litskevich, Qi Zhang, Tyler A. Cochran, Yingying Peng, Guoqing Chang, Yanfeng Guo, Ronny Thomale, Titus Neupert, M. Zahid Hasan","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01914-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-024-01914-z","url":null,"abstract":"A nematic phase breaks the point-group symmetry of the crystal lattice and is known to emerge in correlated materials. Here we report the observation of an intra-unit-cell nematic order and associated Fermi surface deformation in the kagome metal ScV6Sn6. Using scanning tunnelling microscopy and scanning tunnelling spectroscopy, we reveal a stripe-like nematic order breaking the crystal rotational symmetry within the kagome lattice itself. Moreover, we identify a set of Van Hove singularities adhering to the kagome-layer electrons, which appear along one direction of the Brillouin zone and are annihilated along other high-symmetry directions, revealing rotational symmetry breaking. Via detailed spectroscopic maps, we further observe an elliptical deformation of the Fermi surface, which provides direct evidence for an electronically mediated nematic order. Our work not only bridges the gap between electronic nematicity and kagome physics but also sheds light on the potential mechanism for realizing symmetry-broken phases in correlated electron systems. Scanning tunnelling microscopy and scanning tunnelling spectroscopy have been used to observe intra-unit-cell nematic order and associated Fermi surface deformation in ScV6Sn6.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141618265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01974-1
Jack Griffiths, Ana F. Suzana, Longlong Wu, Samuel D. Marks, Vincent Esposito, Sébastien Boutet, Paul G. Evans, J. F. Mitchell, Mark P. M. Dean, David A. Keen, Ian Robinson, Simon J. L. Billinge, Emil S. Bozin
{"title":"Author Correction: Resolving length-scale-dependent transient disorder through an ultrafast phase transition","authors":"Jack Griffiths, Ana F. Suzana, Longlong Wu, Samuel D. Marks, Vincent Esposito, Sébastien Boutet, Paul G. Evans, J. F. Mitchell, Mark P. M. Dean, David A. Keen, Ian Robinson, Simon J. L. Billinge, Emil S. Bozin","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01974-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-024-01974-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01939-4
The instability of n-type organic semiconductors in air is a long-standing challenge in organic electronics. Now, a strategy based on the use of vitamin C is developed to stabilize organic semiconductors. Vitamin C scavenges reactive oxygen species and inhibits their generation, improving the performance and stability of organic semiconductors and their electronic devices.
n 型有机半导体在空气中的不稳定性是有机电子学长期面临的挑战。现在,一种基于维生素 C 的有机半导体稳定策略被开发出来。维生素 C 能清除活性氧并抑制其生成,从而提高有机半导体及其电子器件的性能和稳定性。
{"title":"Vitamin C stabilizes n-type organic semiconductors","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01939-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-024-01939-4","url":null,"abstract":"The instability of n-type organic semiconductors in air is a long-standing challenge in organic electronics. Now, a strategy based on the use of vitamin C is developed to stabilize organic semiconductors. Vitamin C scavenges reactive oxygen species and inhibits their generation, improving the performance and stability of organic semiconductors and their electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141584188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01909-w
Kai Han, Fang Xie, Olamide Animasahun, Minal Nenwani, Sho Kitamoto, Yeji Kim, May Thazin Phoo, Jin Xu, Fulei Wuchu, Kehinde Omoloja, Abhinav Achreja, Srinadh Choppara, Zhaoheng Li, Wang Gong, Young Seok Cho, Hannah Dobson, Jinsung Ahn, Xingwu Zhou, Xuehui Huang, Xinran An, Alexander Kim, Yao Xu, Qi Wu, Soo-Hong Lee, Jessica J. O’Konek, Yuying Xie, Yu Leo Lei, Nobuhiko Kamada, Deepak Nagrath, James J. Moon
Despite the potential of oral immunotherapy against food allergy, adverse reactions and loss of desensitization hinder its clinical uptake. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is implicated in the increasing prevalence of food allergy, which will need to be regulated to enable for an effective oral immunotherapy against food allergy. Here we report an inulin gel formulated with an allergen that normalizes the dysregulated ileal microbiota and metabolites in allergic mice, establishes allergen-specific oral tolerance and achieves robust oral immunotherapy efficacy with sustained unresponsiveness in food allergy models. These positive outcomes are associated with enhanced allergen uptake by antigen-sampling dendritic cells in the small intestine, suppressed pathogenic type 2 immune responses, increased interferon-γ+ and interleukin-10+ regulatory T cell populations, and restored ileal abundances of Eggerthellaceae and Enterorhabdus in allergic mice. Overall, our findings underscore the therapeutic potential of the engineered allergen gel as a suitable microbiome-modulating platform for food allergy and other allergic diseases.
尽管针对食物过敏的口服免疫疗法潜力巨大,但不良反应和脱敏损失阻碍了它在临床上的应用。肠道微生物群的失调与食物过敏发病率的增加有关,因此需要对其进行调节,以实现有效的食物过敏口服免疫疗法。在此,我们报告了一种用过敏原配制的菊粉凝胶,它能使过敏小鼠体内失调的回肠微生物群和代谢产物正常化,建立过敏原特异性口服耐受性,并在食物过敏模型中实现持续无应答的强效口服免疫疗法。这些积极成果与以下因素有关:小肠中抗原取样树突状细胞对过敏原的摄取能力增强;致病性 2 型免疫反应受到抑制;干扰素-γ+ 和白介素-10+ 调节性 T 细胞群增加;过敏小鼠回肠中鸡蛋壳菌和肠杆菌的丰度得到恢复。总之,我们的研究结果强调了工程过敏原凝胶作为食物过敏和其他过敏性疾病的合适微生物调节平台的治疗潜力。
{"title":"Inulin-gel-based oral immunotherapy remodels the small intestinal microbiome and suppresses food allergy","authors":"Kai Han, Fang Xie, Olamide Animasahun, Minal Nenwani, Sho Kitamoto, Yeji Kim, May Thazin Phoo, Jin Xu, Fulei Wuchu, Kehinde Omoloja, Abhinav Achreja, Srinadh Choppara, Zhaoheng Li, Wang Gong, Young Seok Cho, Hannah Dobson, Jinsung Ahn, Xingwu Zhou, Xuehui Huang, Xinran An, Alexander Kim, Yao Xu, Qi Wu, Soo-Hong Lee, Jessica J. O’Konek, Yuying Xie, Yu Leo Lei, Nobuhiko Kamada, Deepak Nagrath, James J. Moon","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01909-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-01909-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the potential of oral immunotherapy against food allergy, adverse reactions and loss of desensitization hinder its clinical uptake. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is implicated in the increasing prevalence of food allergy, which will need to be regulated to enable for an effective oral immunotherapy against food allergy. Here we report an inulin gel formulated with an allergen that normalizes the dysregulated ileal microbiota and metabolites in allergic mice, establishes allergen-specific oral tolerance and achieves robust oral immunotherapy efficacy with sustained unresponsiveness in food allergy models. These positive outcomes are associated with enhanced allergen uptake by antigen-sampling dendritic cells in the small intestine, suppressed pathogenic type 2 immune responses, increased interferon-γ<sup>+</sup> and interleukin-10<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cell populations, and restored ileal abundances of <i>Eggerthellaceae</i> and <i>Enterorhabdus</i> in allergic mice. Overall, our findings underscore the therapeutic potential of the engineered allergen gel as a suitable microbiome-modulating platform for food allergy and other allergic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141557219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01937-6
Miguel Jimenez, Johanna L'Heureux, Emily Kolaya, Gary W Liu, Kyle B Martin, Husna Ellis, Alfred Dao, Margaret Yang, Zachary Villaverde, Afeefah Khazi-Syed, Qinhao Cao, Niora Fabian, Joshua Jenkins, Nina Fitzgerald, Christina Karavasili, Benjamin Muller, James D Byrne, Giovanni Traverso
Microorganisms typically used to produce food and pharmaceuticals are now being explored as medicines and agricultural supplements. However, maintaining high viability from manufacturing until use remains an important challenge, requiring sophisticated cold chains and packaging. Here we report synthetic extremophiles of industrially relevant gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, Ensifer meliloti), gram-positive bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum) and yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii). We develop a high-throughput pipeline to define species-specific materials that enable survival through drying, elevated temperatures, organic solvents and ionizing radiation. Using this pipeline, we enhance the stability of E. coli Nissle 1917 by more than four orders of magnitude over commercial formulations and demonstrate its capacity to remain viable while undergoing tableting and pharmaceutical processing. We further show, in live animals and plants, that synthetic extremophiles remain functional against enteric pathogens and as nitrogen-fixing plant supplements even after exposure to elevated temperatures. This synthetic, material-based stabilization enhances our capacity to apply microorganisms in extreme environments on Earth and potentially during exploratory space travel.
{"title":"Synthetic extremophiles via species-specific formulations improve microbial therapeutics.","authors":"Miguel Jimenez, Johanna L'Heureux, Emily Kolaya, Gary W Liu, Kyle B Martin, Husna Ellis, Alfred Dao, Margaret Yang, Zachary Villaverde, Afeefah Khazi-Syed, Qinhao Cao, Niora Fabian, Joshua Jenkins, Nina Fitzgerald, Christina Karavasili, Benjamin Muller, James D Byrne, Giovanni Traverso","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-01937-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-024-01937-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms typically used to produce food and pharmaceuticals are now being explored as medicines and agricultural supplements. However, maintaining high viability from manufacturing until use remains an important challenge, requiring sophisticated cold chains and packaging. Here we report synthetic extremophiles of industrially relevant gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, Ensifer meliloti), gram-positive bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum) and yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii). We develop a high-throughput pipeline to define species-specific materials that enable survival through drying, elevated temperatures, organic solvents and ionizing radiation. Using this pipeline, we enhance the stability of E. coli Nissle 1917 by more than four orders of magnitude over commercial formulations and demonstrate its capacity to remain viable while undergoing tableting and pharmaceutical processing. We further show, in live animals and plants, that synthetic extremophiles remain functional against enteric pathogens and as nitrogen-fixing plant supplements even after exposure to elevated temperatures. This synthetic, material-based stabilization enhances our capacity to apply microorganisms in extreme environments on Earth and potentially during exploratory space travel.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}