Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00800-4
Rajat Goyal, Pooja Mittal, Rupesh K Gautam, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Asma Perveen, Vandana Garg, Athanasios Alexiou, Muhammad Saboor, Shafiul Haque, Aisha Farhana, Marios Papadakis, Ghulam Md Ashraf
Neurodegenerative diseases represent one of the utmost imperative well-being health issues and apprehensions due to their escalating incidence of mortality. Natural derivatives are more efficacious in various preclinical models of neurodegenerative illnesses. These natural compounds include phytoconstituents in herbs, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and marine and freshwater flora, with remarkable efficacy in mitigating neurodegeneration and enhancing cognitive abilities in preclinical models. According to the latest research, the therapeutic activity of natural substances can be increased by adding phytoconstituents in nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, nanogels, and nanostructured lipid carriers. They can enhance the stability and specificity of the bioactive compounds to a more considerable extent. Nanotechnology can also provide targeting, enhancing their specificity to the respective site of action. In light of these findings, this article discusses the biological and therapeutic potential of natural products and their bioactive derivatives to exert neuroprotective effects and some clinical studies assessing their translational potential to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
{"title":"Natural products in the management of neurodegenerative diseases.","authors":"Rajat Goyal, Pooja Mittal, Rupesh K Gautam, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Asma Perveen, Vandana Garg, Athanasios Alexiou, Muhammad Saboor, Shafiul Haque, Aisha Farhana, Marios Papadakis, Ghulam Md Ashraf","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00800-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00800-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative diseases represent one of the utmost imperative well-being health issues and apprehensions due to their escalating incidence of mortality. Natural derivatives are more efficacious in various preclinical models of neurodegenerative illnesses. These natural compounds include phytoconstituents in herbs, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and marine and freshwater flora, with remarkable efficacy in mitigating neurodegeneration and enhancing cognitive abilities in preclinical models. According to the latest research, the therapeutic activity of natural substances can be increased by adding phytoconstituents in nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, nanogels, and nanostructured lipid carriers. They can enhance the stability and specificity of the bioactive compounds to a more considerable extent. Nanotechnology can also provide targeting, enhancing their specificity to the respective site of action. In light of these findings, this article discusses the biological and therapeutic potential of natural products and their bioactive derivatives to exert neuroprotective effects and some clinical studies assessing their translational potential to treat neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11100221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00802-2
Shunshun Cao, Yangyang Hu
Background: Gout prediction is essential for the development of individualized prevention and treatment plans. Our objective was to develop an efficient and interpretable machine learning (ML) model using the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) to link dietary fiber and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index to predict gout.
Methods: Using datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2018) population to study dietary fiber, the TyG index was used to predict gout. After evaluating the performance of six ML models and selecting the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) as the optimal algorithm, we interpret the LGBM model for predicting gout using SHAP and reveal the decision-making process of the model.
Results: An initial survey of 70,190 participants was conducted, and after a gradual exclusion process, 12,645 cases were finally included in the study. Selection of the best performing LGBM model for prediction of gout associated with dietary fiber and TyG index (Area under the ROC curve (AUC): 0.823, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.798-0.848, Accuracy: 95.3%, Brier score: 0.077). The feature importance of SHAP values indicated that age was the most important feature affecting the model output, followed by uric acid (UA). The SHAP values showed that lower dietary fiber values had a more pronounced effect on the positive prediction of the model, while higher values of the TyG index had a more pronounced effect on the positive prediction of the model.
Conclusion: The interpretable LGBM model associated with dietary fiber and TyG index showed high accuracy, efficiency, and robustness in predicting gout. Increasing dietary fiber intake and lowering the TyG index are beneficial in reducing the potential risk of gout.
{"title":"Interpretable machine learning framework to predict gout associated with dietary fiber and triglyceride-glucose index.","authors":"Shunshun Cao, Yangyang Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00802-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-024-00802-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gout prediction is essential for the development of individualized prevention and treatment plans. Our objective was to develop an efficient and interpretable machine learning (ML) model using the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) to link dietary fiber and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index to predict gout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2018) population to study dietary fiber, the TyG index was used to predict gout. After evaluating the performance of six ML models and selecting the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) as the optimal algorithm, we interpret the LGBM model for predicting gout using SHAP and reveal the decision-making process of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An initial survey of 70,190 participants was conducted, and after a gradual exclusion process, 12,645 cases were finally included in the study. Selection of the best performing LGBM model for prediction of gout associated with dietary fiber and TyG index (Area under the ROC curve (AUC): 0.823, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.798-0.848, Accuracy: 95.3%, Brier score: 0.077). The feature importance of SHAP values indicated that age was the most important feature affecting the model output, followed by uric acid (UA). The SHAP values showed that lower dietary fiber values had a more pronounced effect on the positive prediction of the model, while higher values of the TyG index had a more pronounced effect on the positive prediction of the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interpretable LGBM model associated with dietary fiber and TyG index showed high accuracy, efficiency, and robustness in predicting gout. Increasing dietary fiber intake and lowering the TyG index are beneficial in reducing the potential risk of gout.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11092237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140922187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Sirtuins have an important role in the regulation of metabolic and biological processess. Thus, we hypothesized that foods that could activate sirtuins, known as "sirtfood", may improve health status. So, this study was aimed at investigating the association between the amount of sirtfood intake and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
Methods: In this cohort study, 2918 adults who had no history of MACE at the start of the study (2006-2008) participated and were followed up on until 2018. The amount of sirtfoods intake (servings per week) was computed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Each patient's medical records were evaluated to detect MACE. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to assess the association between the amount of sirtfood intake and the risk of MACE.
Results: The median duration of the study was 10.6 years. The hazard ratio (HR) for the risk of MACE was 0.70 for the second (95% CI: 0.50, 0.98) and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.86) for the third tertile of sirtfoods intake compared with the first tertile. This association was nonlinear, and sirtfoods consumption of more than five servings per week did not result in a lower risk of MACE. In addition, there was a significant interaction between age (P-interaction < 0.001) and sirtfoods intake in relation to MACE occurrence. When assessing sirtfood components, compared with the lowest intake, the highest amount of soy (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.99) and parsley (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.83) intake was related to a lower risk of MACE.
Conclusion: Our results indicated an inverse association between a higher amount of sirtfood intake and a lower risk of MACE incidents. This association was nonlinear, and having more than five servings of sirtfood per week did not reduce the risk of MACE any further.
{"title":"Sirtfood intake in relation to the 10-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Mahdieh Golzarand, Saghar Estaki, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00798-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-024-00798-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sirtuins have an important role in the regulation of metabolic and biological processess. Thus, we hypothesized that foods that could activate sirtuins, known as \"sirtfood\", may improve health status. So, this study was aimed at investigating the association between the amount of sirtfood intake and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cohort study, 2918 adults who had no history of MACE at the start of the study (2006-2008) participated and were followed up on until 2018. The amount of sirtfoods intake (servings per week) was computed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Each patient's medical records were evaluated to detect MACE. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to assess the association between the amount of sirtfood intake and the risk of MACE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median duration of the study was 10.6 years. The hazard ratio (HR) for the risk of MACE was 0.70 for the second (95% CI: 0.50, 0.98) and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.86) for the third tertile of sirtfoods intake compared with the first tertile. This association was nonlinear, and sirtfoods consumption of more than five servings per week did not result in a lower risk of MACE. In addition, there was a significant interaction between age (P-interaction < 0.001) and sirtfoods intake in relation to MACE occurrence. When assessing sirtfood components, compared with the lowest intake, the highest amount of soy (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.99) and parsley (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.83) intake was related to a lower risk of MACE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicated an inverse association between a higher amount of sirtfood intake and a lower risk of MACE incidents. This association was nonlinear, and having more than five servings of sirtfood per week did not reduce the risk of MACE any further.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11088046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140904709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00790-3
Bihe Zeng, Qin Shen, Bo Wang, Xuan Tang, Jiaqi Jiang, Yiming Zheng, Hongbiao Huang, Wenyu Zhuo, Wang Wang, Yang Gao, Xuan Li, Shuhui Wang, Wenjie Li, G. Qian, Jie Qin, Miao Hou, Haitao Lv
{"title":"Spexin ameliorated obesity-related metabolic disorders through promoting white adipose browning mediated by JAK2-STAT3 pathway","authors":"Bihe Zeng, Qin Shen, Bo Wang, Xuan Tang, Jiaqi Jiang, Yiming Zheng, Hongbiao Huang, Wenyu Zhuo, Wang Wang, Yang Gao, Xuan Li, Shuhui Wang, Wenjie Li, G. Qian, Jie Qin, Miao Hou, Haitao Lv","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00790-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00790-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00796-x
Barbora Piknova, Mario Siervo
{"title":"Editorial to introduce new section in journal “null results”","authors":"Barbora Piknova, Mario Siervo","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00796-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00796-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00795-y
Inez Trouwborst, Kelly M. Jardon, Anouk Gijbels, Gabby Hul, Edith J.M. Feskens, Lydia A. Afman, Jennifer Linge, Gijs H. Goossens, Ellen E. Blaak
Body composition and body fat distribution are important predictors of cardiometabolic diseases. The etiology of cardiometabolic diseases is heterogenous, and partly driven by inter-individual differences in tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. To investigate (1) the associations between body composition and whole-body, liver and muscle insulin sensitivity, and (2) changes in body composition and insulin sensitivity and their relationship after a 12-week isocaloric diet high in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (HMUFA) or a low-fat, high-protein, high-fiber (LFHP) diet. This subcohort analysis of the PERSON study includes 93 individuals (53% women, BMI 25–40 kg/m2, 40–75 years) who participated in this randomized intervention study. At baseline and after 12 weeks of following the LFHP, or HMUFA diet, we performed a 7-point oral glucose tolerance test to assess whole-body, liver, and muscle insulin sensitivity, and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging to determine body composition and body fat distribution. Both diets are within the guidelines of healthy nutrition. At baseline, liver fat content was associated with worse liver insulin sensitivity (β [95%CI]; 0.12 [0.01; 0.22]). Only in women, thigh muscle fat content was inversely related to muscle insulin sensitivity (-0.27 [-0.48; -0.05]). Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was inversely associated with whole-body, liver, and muscle insulin sensitivity. Both diets decreased VAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (aSAT), and liver fat, but not whole-body and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity with no differences between diets. Waist circumference, however, decreased more following the LFHP diet as compared to the HMUFA diet (-3.0 vs. -0.5 cm, respectively). After the LFHP but not HMUFA diet, improvements in body composition were positively associated with improvements in whole-body and liver insulin sensitivity. Liver and muscle insulin sensitivity are distinctly associated with liver and muscle fat accumulation. Although both LFHP and HMUFA diets improved in body fat, VAT, aSAT, and liver fat, only LFHP-induced improvements in body composition are associated with improved insulin sensitivity. NCT03708419 (clinicaltrials.gov).
{"title":"Body composition and body fat distribution in tissue-specific insulin resistance and in response to a 12-week isocaloric dietary macronutrient intervention","authors":"Inez Trouwborst, Kelly M. Jardon, Anouk Gijbels, Gabby Hul, Edith J.M. Feskens, Lydia A. Afman, Jennifer Linge, Gijs H. Goossens, Ellen E. Blaak","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00795-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00795-y","url":null,"abstract":"Body composition and body fat distribution are important predictors of cardiometabolic diseases. The etiology of cardiometabolic diseases is heterogenous, and partly driven by inter-individual differences in tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. To investigate (1) the associations between body composition and whole-body, liver and muscle insulin sensitivity, and (2) changes in body composition and insulin sensitivity and their relationship after a 12-week isocaloric diet high in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (HMUFA) or a low-fat, high-protein, high-fiber (LFHP) diet. This subcohort analysis of the PERSON study includes 93 individuals (53% women, BMI 25–40 kg/m2, 40–75 years) who participated in this randomized intervention study. At baseline and after 12 weeks of following the LFHP, or HMUFA diet, we performed a 7-point oral glucose tolerance test to assess whole-body, liver, and muscle insulin sensitivity, and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging to determine body composition and body fat distribution. Both diets are within the guidelines of healthy nutrition. At baseline, liver fat content was associated with worse liver insulin sensitivity (β [95%CI]; 0.12 [0.01; 0.22]). Only in women, thigh muscle fat content was inversely related to muscle insulin sensitivity (-0.27 [-0.48; -0.05]). Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was inversely associated with whole-body, liver, and muscle insulin sensitivity. Both diets decreased VAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (aSAT), and liver fat, but not whole-body and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity with no differences between diets. Waist circumference, however, decreased more following the LFHP diet as compared to the HMUFA diet (-3.0 vs. -0.5 cm, respectively). After the LFHP but not HMUFA diet, improvements in body composition were positively associated with improvements in whole-body and liver insulin sensitivity. Liver and muscle insulin sensitivity are distinctly associated with liver and muscle fat accumulation. Although both LFHP and HMUFA diets improved in body fat, VAT, aSAT, and liver fat, only LFHP-induced improvements in body composition are associated with improved insulin sensitivity. NCT03708419 (clinicaltrials.gov).","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00794-z
Sarah Gregory, Alex Griffiths, Amy Jennings, Fiona C. Malcomson, Jamie Matu, Anne-Marie Minihane, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Craig W. Ritchie, Solange Parra-Soto, Emma Stevenson, Rebecca Townsend, Nicola Ann Ward, Oliver Shannon
The Eatwell guide reflects the UK government's recommendations for a healthy and balanced diet. Previous research has identified associations between healthy eating patterns and both cardiovascular and brain health, although there is little evidence specifically focusing on the Eatwell Guide. To date no research has investigated associations between the Eatwell Guide and risk for future dementia. Data from the PREVENT dementia cohort study baseline visit was used in this analysis. Binary and graded Eatwell Guide scores (BEWG, GEWG) were created from a self-reported Food Frequency Questionnaire. The CAIDE score was included as the primary outcome measure to represent risk for future Alzheimer’s disease. Secondary outcome measures included cardiometabolic health measures and brain health measures. Generalised additive models were run in R. A total of 517 participants were included in the analysis, with a mean BEWG score of 4.39 (± 1.66) (out of a possible 12 points) and GEWG score of 39.88 (± 6.19) (out of a possible 60 points). There was no significant association between either Eatwell Guide score and the CAIDE score (BEWG β: 0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.07, 0.22; GEWG β: 0.02, 95% CI: -0.02, 0.06) or any measures of brain health. There was a significant association between higher GEWG score and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) (systolic β: -0.24, 95% CI: -0.45, -0.03; diastolic β: -0.16, 95% CI: -0.29, -0.03; BMI β: -0.09, 95% CI: -0.16, -0.01). Although not directly associated with the CAIDE score, the Eatwell Guide dietary pattern may be beneficial for dementia prevention efforts through the modification of hypertension and obesity, which are both known risk factors for dementia. Future work could replicate these findings in other UK-based cohorts as well as further development of Eatwell Guide scoring methodologies.
{"title":"Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and cardiometabolic, cognitive and neuroimaging parameters: an analysis from the PREVENT dementia study","authors":"Sarah Gregory, Alex Griffiths, Amy Jennings, Fiona C. Malcomson, Jamie Matu, Anne-Marie Minihane, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Craig W. Ritchie, Solange Parra-Soto, Emma Stevenson, Rebecca Townsend, Nicola Ann Ward, Oliver Shannon","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00794-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00794-z","url":null,"abstract":"The Eatwell guide reflects the UK government's recommendations for a healthy and balanced diet. Previous research has identified associations between healthy eating patterns and both cardiovascular and brain health, although there is little evidence specifically focusing on the Eatwell Guide. To date no research has investigated associations between the Eatwell Guide and risk for future dementia. Data from the PREVENT dementia cohort study baseline visit was used in this analysis. Binary and graded Eatwell Guide scores (BEWG, GEWG) were created from a self-reported Food Frequency Questionnaire. The CAIDE score was included as the primary outcome measure to represent risk for future Alzheimer’s disease. Secondary outcome measures included cardiometabolic health measures and brain health measures. Generalised additive models were run in R. A total of 517 participants were included in the analysis, with a mean BEWG score of 4.39 (± 1.66) (out of a possible 12 points) and GEWG score of 39.88 (± 6.19) (out of a possible 60 points). There was no significant association between either Eatwell Guide score and the CAIDE score (BEWG β: 0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.07, 0.22; GEWG β: 0.02, 95% CI: -0.02, 0.06) or any measures of brain health. There was a significant association between higher GEWG score and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) (systolic β: -0.24, 95% CI: -0.45, -0.03; diastolic β: -0.16, 95% CI: -0.29, -0.03; BMI β: -0.09, 95% CI: -0.16, -0.01). Although not directly associated with the CAIDE score, the Eatwell Guide dietary pattern may be beneficial for dementia prevention efforts through the modification of hypertension and obesity, which are both known risk factors for dementia. Future work could replicate these findings in other UK-based cohorts as well as further development of Eatwell Guide scoring methodologies.","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00793-0
Jimi Kim, Younghwa Baek, Siwoo Lee
Consumption of dietary fiber has been suggested as an important aspect of a healthy diet to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including cardiovascular disease. The role of fiber intake in MetS might differ by individual genetic susceptibility. APOA5 encodes a regulator of plasma triglyceride levels, which impacts the related mechanisms of MetS. This study investigated the association between dietary fiber and the risk of MetS, assessing their associations according to APOA5 genetic variants. A total of 1985 participants aged 30–55 years were included from a cross-sectional study based on the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study at baseline (2017–2019). Dietary fiber intake was measured using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The APOA5 polymorphisms (rs2266788 A > G, rs662799 A > G, and rs651821 T > C) were genotyped using the Asia Precision Medicine Research Array. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). A higher consumption of dietary fiber was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS (P = 0.025). Among the components of MetS, an inverse association with dietary fiber was observed in increased waist circumference (OR, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.41–0.88, P for trend = 0.009) and elevated triglycerides (OR, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.50–0.96, P for trend = 0.012). Regarding the interaction with APOA5 genetic variants, a stronger association with dietary fiber intake was shown in G allele carriers of rs662799 than in A/A carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.34, 1.59–3.44, P for interaction = 0.024) and in C allele carriers of rs651821 than in T/T carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.35, 1.59–3.46, P for interaction = 0.027). The findings of this study suggest that the benefits of dietary fiber on the risk of MetS could be modified by genetic variants of the APOA5 gene, providing a more effective strategy for preventing MetS.
摄入膳食纤维被认为是健康饮食的一个重要方面，可降低代谢综合征（MetS）（包括心血管疾病）的风险。纤维摄入在代谢综合征中的作用可能因个体遗传易感性而异。APOA5 编码血浆甘油三酯水平的调节因子，它影响 MetS 的相关机制。本研究调查了膳食纤维与 MetS 风险之间的关联，并根据 APOA5 基因变异评估了两者之间的关联。在一项基于韩国医学大田市民队列研究的横断面研究（2017-2019 年）中，共纳入了 1985 名年龄在 30-55 岁之间的参与者。膳食纤维摄入量通过半定量食物频率问卷进行测量。使用亚洲精准医学研究阵列对 APOA5 多态性（rs2266788 A > G、rs662799 A > G 和 rs651821 T > C）进行了基因分型。采用逻辑回归法估算了几率比（OR）和 95% 置信区间（95% CI）。膳食纤维摄入量越高，MetS患病率越低（P = 0.025）。在 MetS 的组成成分中，观察到腰围增加（OR，95% CI = 0.60，0.41-0.88，趋势 P = 0.009）和甘油三酯升高（OR，95% CI = 0.69，0.50-0.96，趋势 P = 0.012）与膳食纤维呈负相关。关于与 APOA5 基因变异的交互作用，rs662799 的 G 等位基因携带者比 A/A 携带者（OR，95% CI = 2.34，1.59-3.44，交互作用的 P = 0.024）和 rs651821 的 C 等位基因携带者比 T/T 携带者（OR，95% CI = 2.35，1.59-3.46，交互作用的 P = 0.027）与膳食纤维摄入量有更强的关联。这项研究的结果表明，膳食纤维对 MetS 风险的益处可能会因 APOA5 基因的遗传变异而改变，从而为预防 MetS 提供更有效的策略。
{"title":"Consumption of dietary fiber and APOA5 genetic variants in metabolic syndrome: baseline data from the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort Study","authors":"Jimi Kim, Younghwa Baek, Siwoo Lee","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00793-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00793-0","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of dietary fiber has been suggested as an important aspect of a healthy diet to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including cardiovascular disease. The role of fiber intake in MetS might differ by individual genetic susceptibility. APOA5 encodes a regulator of plasma triglyceride levels, which impacts the related mechanisms of MetS. This study investigated the association between dietary fiber and the risk of MetS, assessing their associations according to APOA5 genetic variants. A total of 1985 participants aged 30–55 years were included from a cross-sectional study based on the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study at baseline (2017–2019). Dietary fiber intake was measured using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The APOA5 polymorphisms (rs2266788 A > G, rs662799 A > G, and rs651821 T > C) were genotyped using the Asia Precision Medicine Research Array. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). A higher consumption of dietary fiber was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS (P = 0.025). Among the components of MetS, an inverse association with dietary fiber was observed in increased waist circumference (OR, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.41–0.88, P for trend = 0.009) and elevated triglycerides (OR, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.50–0.96, P for trend = 0.012). Regarding the interaction with APOA5 genetic variants, a stronger association with dietary fiber intake was shown in G allele carriers of rs662799 than in A/A carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.34, 1.59–3.44, P for interaction = 0.024) and in C allele carriers of rs651821 than in T/T carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.35, 1.59–3.46, P for interaction = 0.027). The findings of this study suggest that the benefits of dietary fiber on the risk of MetS could be modified by genetic variants of the APOA5 gene, providing a more effective strategy for preventing MetS.","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age-related dysbiosis of the microbiota has been linked to various negative health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effects of a newly discovered dietary fiber compound (DFC) on aging, intestinal microbiota, and related metabolic processes. The DFC was identified through in vitro fermentation screening experiments, and its dosage and composition were determined based on a longevity dietary pattern. Aged SPF C57BL/6 J mice (65 weeks old) and young mice (8 weeks old) were divided into three groups: a subgroup without dietary fiber (NDF), a low DFC dose subgroup (LDF, 10% DFC), and a high DFC dose subgroup (HDF, 20% DFC). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in liver and serum samples of the mice were measured according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The expression levels of characteristic bacterial genera and fecal metabolite concentrations in mice were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR). Metabolomics analysis was further conducted to identify biological functions and potential pathways related to aging. After an 8-weeks dietary intervention, DFC supplementation significantly attenuated age-related weight loss, organ degeneration, and oxidative stress. And promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacteroides (p < 0.05) in the intestinal tracts of aged mice. Metabolomic analysis identified glycolipid and amino acid metabolic pathway biomarkers associated with aging that were differentially regulated by DFC consumption. Correlation analysis between the identified microbial flora and the biomarkers revealed potential mechanistic links between altered microbial composition and metabolic activity with aging markers. In conclusion, this study revealed an important mechanism by which DFC consumption impacts healthspan and longevity, shedding light on optimizing dietary fiber or developing fiber-based interventions to improve human health.
{"title":"Exploring the effects of the dietary fiber compound mediated by a longevity dietary pattern on antioxidation, characteristic bacterial genera, and metabolites based on fecal metabolomics","authors":"Fengcui Shi, Qingli Liu, Dayong Yue, Yanan Zhang, Xueying Wei, Ying Wang, WenJian Ma","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00787-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00787-y","url":null,"abstract":"Age-related dysbiosis of the microbiota has been linked to various negative health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effects of a newly discovered dietary fiber compound (DFC) on aging, intestinal microbiota, and related metabolic processes. The DFC was identified through in vitro fermentation screening experiments, and its dosage and composition were determined based on a longevity dietary pattern. Aged SPF C57BL/6 J mice (65 weeks old) and young mice (8 weeks old) were divided into three groups: a subgroup without dietary fiber (NDF), a low DFC dose subgroup (LDF, 10% DFC), and a high DFC dose subgroup (HDF, 20% DFC). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in liver and serum samples of the mice were measured according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The expression levels of characteristic bacterial genera and fecal metabolite concentrations in mice were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR). Metabolomics analysis was further conducted to identify biological functions and potential pathways related to aging. After an 8-weeks dietary intervention, DFC supplementation significantly attenuated age-related weight loss, organ degeneration, and oxidative stress. And promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacteroides (p < 0.05) in the intestinal tracts of aged mice. Metabolomic analysis identified glycolipid and amino acid metabolic pathway biomarkers associated with aging that were differentially regulated by DFC consumption. Correlation analysis between the identified microbial flora and the biomarkers revealed potential mechanistic links between altered microbial composition and metabolic activity with aging markers. In conclusion, this study revealed an important mechanism by which DFC consumption impacts healthspan and longevity, shedding light on optimizing dietary fiber or developing fiber-based interventions to improve human health.","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00791-2
Lei Ding, Yong Wang, Zhentao Tang, Chenbo Ni, Qian Zhang, Qidi Zhai, Chao Liang, Jie Li
Previous studies have unequivocally demonstrated that the vitamin D (VD) metabolism pathway significantly influences prognosis and sensitivity to hormone therapy in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. We performed molecular profiling of 1045 PCa patients, leveraging genes linked to VD synthesis and VD receptors. We then identified highly variable gene modules with substantial associations with patient stratification. Subsequently, we intersected these modules with differentially expressed genes between PCa and adjacent paracancerous tissues. Following a meticulous process involving single-factor regression and LASSO regression to eliminate extraneous variables and construct a prognostic model. Within the high-risk subgroup defined by the calculated risk score, we analyzed their differences in cell infiltration, immune status, mutation landscape, and drug sensitivity. Finally, we selected Apolipoprotein E (APOE), which featured prominently in this model for further experimental exploration to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target. The prognostic model established in this study had commendable predictive efficacy. We observed diminished infiltration of various T-cell subtypes and reduced expression of co-stimulatory signals from antigen-presenting cells. Mutation analysis revealed that the high-risk cohort harbored a higher frequency of mutations in the TP53 and FOXA genes. Notably, drug sensitivity analysis suggested the heightened responsiveness of high-risk patients to molecular inhibitors targeting the Bcl-2 and MAPK pathways. Finally, our investigation also confirmed that APOE upregulates the proliferative and invasive capacity of PCa cells and concurrently enhances resistance to androgen receptor antagonist therapy. This comprehensive study elucidated the potential mechanisms through which this metabolic pathway orchestrates the biological behavior of PCa and findings hold promise in advancing the development of combination therapies in PCa.
{"title":"Exploration of vitamin D metabolic activity-related biological effects and corresponding therapeutic targets in prostate cancer","authors":"Lei Ding, Yong Wang, Zhentao Tang, Chenbo Ni, Qian Zhang, Qidi Zhai, Chao Liang, Jie Li","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00791-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00791-2","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have unequivocally demonstrated that the vitamin D (VD) metabolism pathway significantly influences prognosis and sensitivity to hormone therapy in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. We performed molecular profiling of 1045 PCa patients, leveraging genes linked to VD synthesis and VD receptors. We then identified highly variable gene modules with substantial associations with patient stratification. Subsequently, we intersected these modules with differentially expressed genes between PCa and adjacent paracancerous tissues. Following a meticulous process involving single-factor regression and LASSO regression to eliminate extraneous variables and construct a prognostic model. Within the high-risk subgroup defined by the calculated risk score, we analyzed their differences in cell infiltration, immune status, mutation landscape, and drug sensitivity. Finally, we selected Apolipoprotein E (APOE), which featured prominently in this model for further experimental exploration to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target. The prognostic model established in this study had commendable predictive efficacy. We observed diminished infiltration of various T-cell subtypes and reduced expression of co-stimulatory signals from antigen-presenting cells. Mutation analysis revealed that the high-risk cohort harbored a higher frequency of mutations in the TP53 and FOXA genes. Notably, drug sensitivity analysis suggested the heightened responsiveness of high-risk patients to molecular inhibitors targeting the Bcl-2 and MAPK pathways. Finally, our investigation also confirmed that APOE upregulates the proliferative and invasive capacity of PCa cells and concurrently enhances resistance to androgen receptor antagonist therapy. This comprehensive study elucidated the potential mechanisms through which this metabolic pathway orchestrates the biological behavior of PCa and findings hold promise in advancing the development of combination therapies in PCa.","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号