Nutrition Research最新文献_第7页

Blood urea nitrogen-guided protein dosage adjustment helps reduce azotemia and functional prognosis deterioration induced by high protein intake in neurocritical patients: A retrospective cohort study 一项回顾性队列研究：血尿素氮引导蛋白剂量调整有助于减少神经危重症患者高蛋白摄入导致的氮血症和功能预后恶化

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.008

Ziyu Chen , Junlin Deng , Xiaolin Zhao, Zhenzhou Lin, Dongmei Wang, Yongming Wu, Kaibin Huang, Suyue Pan

The optimal protein dosage for neurocritical patients remains uncertain. We hypothesized that higher protein dosage increases azotemia risk and worsens prognosis, and that baseline BUN can guide protein dosage adjustments. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, we included 327 neurocritical patients aged 18 or older admitted between July 2018 and June 2023 (BMI: 18.5-30 kg/m²). Daily protein intake from all sources was calculated. The primary outcome was azotemia incidence, and secondary outcomes included 30-day functional prognosis (mRS >3). Patients were categorized by protein intake: <0.8 g/kg/d, 0.8–1.3 g/kg/d, and >1.3 g/kg/d. Azotemia incidence was lower in the <0.8 g/kg/d group compared to the >1.3 g/kg/d group (21.9 vs. 45.7%, adjusted p = 0.002), with a significant correlation after adjusting for confounders. Among patients with an APACHE II score <15, the <0.8 g/kg/d group had lower azotemia rates and better prognosis. For those with a score ≥15, the >1.3 g/kg/d group had higher azotemia rates and worse prognosis. A U-shaped relationship between BUN and 30-day prognosis was observed in the <0.8 g/kg/d group. For BUN <4.3 mmol/L, protein intake of 0.8–1.3 g/kg/d improved outcomes, whereas for BUN >4.3 mmol/L, intake <0.8 g/kg/d was beneficial. The research demonstrates that excessive protein intake is associated with increased azotemia risk and worse outcomes. Baseline BUN may help inform protein dosage selection in neurocritical care, though its generalizability requires validation in multicenter prospective studies.

神经危重症患者的最佳蛋白质剂量仍不确定。我们假设较高的蛋白质剂量增加氮血症风险并恶化预后，基线BUN可以指导蛋白质剂量的调整。在这项单中心、回顾性队列研究中，我们纳入了2018年7月至2023年6月期间入院的327名18岁及以上的神经危重症患者（BMI: 18.5-30 kg/m2）。计算了所有来源的每日蛋白质摄入量。主要终点为氮血症发生率，次要终点为30天功能预后（mRS >3）。根据蛋白质摄入量对患者进行分类：0.8 g/kg/d、0.8 ~ 1.3 g/kg/d和1.3 g/kg/d。与1.3 g/kg/d组相比，0.8 g/kg/d组氮血症发生率较低（21.9% vs. 45.7%，校正p = 0.002），校正混杂因素后相关性显著。在APACHE II评分为15分的患者中，0.8 g/kg/d组氮血症发生率较低，预后较好。对于评分≥15的患者，1.3 g/kg/d组氮血症发生率较高，预后较差。0.8 g/kg/d组BUN与30天预后呈u型关系。对于BUN < 4.3 mmol/L，蛋白质摄入0.8 - 1.3 g/kg/d改善结果，而对于BUN < 4.3 mmol/L，蛋白质摄入0.8 g/kg/d有益。研究表明，过量的蛋白质摄入与氮血症风险增加和更糟糕的结果有关。基线BUN可能有助于神经危重症护理中蛋白质剂量的选择，尽管其普遍性需要在多中心前瞻性研究中验证。

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引用次数: 0

Skipping breakfast and its wide-ranging health consequences: A systematic review from multiple metabolic disruptions to socioeconomic factors 不吃早餐及其广泛的健康后果：从多种代谢紊乱到社会经济因素的系统回顾

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.006

Tatiana Palotta Minari, Luciana Pellegrini Pisani

Skipping breakfast has been widely debated due to its potential health consequences across multiple domains. This systematic review evaluates literature from 2010 to 2025, analyzing 66 studies to assess its associations with obesity, diabetes, gut microbiome alterations, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, sports performance, psychiatric disorders, cognitive health, and socioeconomic factors. The hypothesis suggests that breakfast omission is linked to various adverse health effects. Evidence highlights associations with obesity and weight gain due to altered hormonal responses influencing hunger and energy balance. Additionally, skipping breakfast negatively affects gut microbiota, contributing to systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Research suggests potential links to increased cancer risk through inflammatory pathways, while cognitive decline, mood disorders, and impaired athletic performance are also observed. Psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression, may be exacerbated by irregular meal patterns, influencing neurotransmitter regulation. Emerging studies indicate that breakfast consumption plays a role in bone mineral density, as prolonged fasting periods may affect calcium metabolism and skeletal health. Socioeconomic disparities impact breakfast consumption, affecting diet quality and overall health outcomes. While some individuals experience neutral or even beneficial effects, meal timing and caloric distribution play critical roles in metabolic and cardiovascular health. However, causality remains complex due to confounding factors like diet quality, physical activity, and socioeconomic status. Current studies face limitations, including small sample sizes and short intervention periods, requiring further research to refine conclusions and explore long-term mechanisms behind breakfast omission’s health impacts.

不吃早餐由于其潜在的健康后果在多个领域引起了广泛的争论。本系统综述评估了2010年至2025年的文献，分析了66项研究，以评估其与肥胖、糖尿病、肠道微生物组改变、神经退行性疾病、癌症、运动表现、精神障碍、认知健康和社会经济因素的关系。该假设表明，不吃早餐与各种不利的健康影响有关。有证据表明，肥胖和体重增加与影响饥饿和能量平衡的激素反应改变有关。此外，不吃早餐会对肠道微生物群产生负面影响，导致全身炎症和代谢功能障碍。研究表明，炎症途径可能与癌症风险增加有关，同时还观察到认知能力下降、情绪障碍和运动表现受损。精神疾病，包括焦虑和抑郁，可能因不规律的饮食模式而加剧，影响神经递质调节。新出现的研究表明，早餐消费在骨矿物质密度中起作用，因为长时间禁食可能会影响钙代谢和骨骼健康。社会经济差异影响早餐消费，影响饮食质量和整体健康结果。虽然有些人会经历中性甚至有益的影响，但进餐时间和热量分配在代谢和心血管健康中起着关键作用。然而，由于饮食质量、身体活动和社会经济地位等混杂因素，因果关系仍然很复杂。目前的研究存在局限性，包括样本量小、干预期短，需要进一步的研究来完善结论，并探索不吃早餐对健康影响的长期机制。

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引用次数: 0

Harnessing dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids through gut microbiota to enhance ferroptosis in breast cancer therapy 利用膳食多不饱和脂肪酸通过肠道菌群增强乳腺癌治疗中的铁下垂

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.007

Yara Adel Haroun , Abdulrahman Abdulla Alzyoud , Mohammad Taha Alizadeh , Nashwa Ahmed Mohamed , Riyad Bendardaf , Sameh S.M. Soliman

Breast cancer remains a leading global health challenge, with treatment resistance posing significant obstacles to effective therapy. Emerging research highlights the pivotal role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and gut microbiota in modulating breast cancer progression and therapeutic outcomes. This review explores the interplay and potential relevance of the PUFA–microbiota–ferroptosis axis in breast cancer progression and therapy. Omega-3 PUFAs, abundant in diets like the Mediterranean, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, promote beneficial gut microbiota, and enhance ferroptosis, thereby reducing tumor proliferation and resistance. Conversely, omega-6 PUFAs, prevalent in Western diets, can exacerbate inflammation and tumor aggressiveness when imbalanced. Gut microbiota, through the production of short-chain fatty acids and PUFA-derived metabolites, further regulate ferroptosis sensitivity and systemic inflammation. We are evaluating the mechanisms by which omega-3 PUFAs and probiotics restore gut dysbiosis, modulate the tumor microenvironment, and synergize with treatments like chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Taken together and considering the generally favorable safety profile of omega-3 PUFAs, these findings suggest that the PUFA–microbiota–ferroptosis axis may represent a promising avenue for further investigation as a complementary strategy to address treatment resistance and improve outcomes. This warrants further translational research to optimize its clinical utility in personalized breast cancer management. Regulatory frameworks are also crucial to ensuring the safe and ethical implementation of PUFA-based interventions in global breast cancer care.

乳腺癌仍然是全球主要的健康挑战，治疗耐药性对有效治疗构成重大障碍。新兴研究强调了饮食多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）和肠道微生物群在调节乳腺癌进展和治疗结果中的关键作用。这篇综述探讨了pufa -微生物-铁下垂轴在乳腺癌进展和治疗中的相互作用和潜在的相关性。Omega-3 PUFAs在地中海等饮食中含量丰富，具有抗炎特性，促进有益的肠道微生物群，增强铁下垂，从而减少肿瘤的增殖和耐药性。相反，西方饮食中普遍存在的omega-6 PUFAs在失衡时可能加剧炎症和肿瘤侵袭性。肠道菌群通过产生短链脂肪酸和pufa衍生的代谢物，进一步调节铁下垂敏感性和全身性炎症。我们正在评估omega-3 PUFAs和益生菌恢复肠道生态失调、调节肿瘤微环境以及与化疗和免疫检查点抑制剂等治疗协同作用的机制。综上所述，考虑到omega-3 pufa普遍具有良好的安全性，这些研究结果表明，pufa -微生物群-铁下垂轴可能作为解决治疗耐药性和改善结果的补充策略，为进一步研究提供了一条有希望的途径。这需要进一步的转化研究，以优化其在个性化乳腺癌管理中的临床应用。监管框架对于确保在全球乳腺癌护理中安全、合乎道德地实施基于pufa的干预措施也至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased vitamin C requirements in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 美国国家健康与营养检查调查显示，代谢综合征与维生素C需求增加有关

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.003

Anitra C. Carr , Chris Frampton , Helen Lunt

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a constellation of dysregulated cardiometabolic parameters. This study assessed associations between MetS and vitamin C in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to determine vitamin C requirements in people with a range of MetS severity, the hypothesis being that people with higher MetS severity would have higher requirements for the vitamin. Data for non-supplementing, fasting adults (n = 4,832) was extracted from NHANES 2003-6 and 2017-18 and included demographic and lifestyle variables, cardiometabolic laboratory variables, vitamin C dietary intakes and serum concentrations. MetS severity score was calculated using sex, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose concentrations. The mean (range) MetS severity score for the group was 0.19 (-4.0 to 6.8). There was a negative association between MetS severity score and serum vitamin C (r=-0.203, p < 0.001). Participants who met the vitamin C adequacy threshold of ≥50 µmol/L had a mean MetS severity score of 0.00 vs 0.38 in those who did not meet the threshold (p < 0.001). When the group was stratified by MetS severity score tertiles, the participants with the highest scores required an intake >100 mg/d, equating to an additional 65 mg/d (or 2.7-fold higher intake requirement) to meet the adequacy threshold relative to those with the lowest scores. Comparable relationships were observed between the individual MetS severity score components and vitamin C status and requirements. Overall, the results indicate that increased metabolic dysregulation results in decreased vitamin C status and a higher intake requirement for the vitamin to meet adequate circulating concentrations.

代谢综合征（MetS）包括一系列心脏代谢参数失调。这项研究在美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）中评估了MetS和维生素C之间的关系，以确定MetS严重程度人群的维生素C需求，假设MetS严重程度较高的人对维生素C的需求也较高。从NHANES 2003-6和2017-18中提取了未补充维生素C的空腹成年人（n = 4,832）的数据，包括人口统计学和生活方式变量、心脏代谢实验室变量、维生素C膳食摄入量和血清浓度。根据性别、腰围、收缩压、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和空腹血糖浓度计算MetS严重程度评分。该组MetS严重程度的平均（范围）评分为0.19（-4.0至6.8）。MetS严重程度评分与血清维生素C呈负相关(r=-0.203, p <；0.001)。达到维生素C充足阈值≥50µmol/L的参与者的平均MetS严重程度评分为0.00，而未达到阈值的参与者的平均MetS严重程度评分为0.38 (p <；0.001)。当按met严重程度评分分位数进行分组时，得分最高的参与者需要摄入100毫克/天，相当于额外的65毫克/天（或2.7倍的摄入量要求），以达到相对于得分最低的参与者的充足阈值。在个体MetS严重程度评分成分与维生素C状态和需求之间观察到可比较的关系。总的来说，结果表明，代谢失调的增加导致维生素C状态下降，维生素摄入量需要增加才能满足足够的循环浓度。

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引用次数: 0

Mindful eating intervention for preventing obesity in youth: A narrative review of literature 正念饮食干预预防青少年肥胖：文献综述

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.001

Tamara Gutiérrez-Domingo , Sebastián Vivas

Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease with associated harms and risks to health, as well as to quality of life and well-being. Currently, approximately 8% of the child and adolescent population suffer from obesity. The objective was to review psychoeducational interventions based on mindful eating for the prevention and management of obesity in youth. A review of the literature was conducted following a narrative approach with a review of different sources. Several databases were consulted (Web of Science [all databases], PsycINFO, Scopus). After searching for psychoeducational interventions based on mindful eating, a total of 15 articles were found, of which 10 were of a preventive nature in the normative child-adolescent population and the rest were aimed at the overweight or obese population or both conditions. The programs that trained mindful eating found behavioral improvements such as an increase in the choice and self-control in the consumption of food, in the identification of biological sensations, improvement in self-concept and well-being. In those interventions aimed at young people with obesity, improvements were obtained in aspects related to mindful eating, self-efficacy in weight control and food-related cravings, and in food control and the regulation of associated emotions. However, a great variety of weaknesses have been detected in the programs, such as the heterogeneity of applied models, use of measures, duration, sample size, lack of protocolization, control groups, or follow-up measures, among others. In conclusion, future lines of mindful eating-based interventions are proposed to extend the results by overcoming the limitations of the studies reviewed.

肥胖是一种慢性多因素疾病，对健康以及生活质量和福祉具有相关危害和风险。目前，大约8%的儿童和青少年患有肥胖症。目的是回顾以正念饮食为基础的心理教育干预措施对青少年肥胖的预防和管理。对文献的回顾是按照不同来源的回顾的叙述方法进行的。参考了几个数据库（Web of Science[所有数据库]、PsycINFO、Scopus）。在搜索了基于正念饮食的心理教育干预措施后，总共发现了15篇文章，其中10篇是针对正常儿童-青少年人群的预防性质，其余的针对超重或肥胖人群或两者兼而有之。训练正念饮食的项目发现了行为上的改善，比如在食物消费方面的选择和自我控制的增加，对生物感觉的识别，自我概念和幸福感的提高。在那些针对肥胖年轻人的干预措施中，在注意饮食、体重控制和食物相关渴望的自我效能、食物控制和相关情绪的调节等方面都得到了改善。然而，在项目中发现了各种各样的弱点，例如应用模型的异质性、度量的使用、持续时间、样本量、缺乏协议化、控制组或后续度量，等等。总之，未来的正念饮食为基础的干预建议线，以扩大结果，克服研究审查的局限性。

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引用次数: 0

Vitamin E is associated with inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic syndrome: insights from a population study 维生素E与炎症生物标志物和代谢综合征有关：来自人群研究的见解

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.009

Marcela Larissa Costa , Cristiane Hermes Sales , João Valentini Neto , Flávia Mori Sarti , Marcelo Macedo Rogero , Regina Mara Fisberg

Vitamin E is a potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties and has been proposed as a promising agent in mitigating conditions associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). We hypothesize that vitamin E is inversely associated with inflammatory biomarkers and low-grade systemic inflammation while showing a direct association with anti-inflammatory biomarkers. Additionally, we hypothesize that vitamin E will also be inversely associated with the risk of developing MetS. This population-based, cross-sectional study used data from the 2015 ISA-Nutrition survey, which included 368 adults and 212 older adults residing in urban São Paulo. Plasma vitamin E concentration was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, and MetS was diagnosed based on International Diabetes Federation criteria. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters were assessed using standardized protocols. Restricted cubic spline regression models were applied to evaluate nonlinear associations between vitamin E, inflammation, and MetS. In the linear association between IL-6 and vitamin E, there is an interaction with HDL-c. Our findings also revealed a nonlinear J-shaped association between vitamin E and hepcidin (P < .0001), IL-1β (P < .0001), and adiponectin (P < .001), as well as an inverse association with low-grade systemic inflammation (P < .05). Additionally, vitamin E demonstrated a nonlinear association with MetS (P < .01). These results suggest that vitamin E may play a protective role in modulating inflammation and MetS within this specific urban population. Understanding the interactions between vitamin E, inflammation, and MetS risk is essential for developing prevention and dietary management strategies. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms and assess optimal vitamin E intake to support metabolic health.

维生素E是一种有效的抗氧化剂，具有抗炎特性，被认为是缓解代谢综合征（MetS）相关疾病的有希望的药物。我们假设维生素E与炎症生物标志物和低度全身性炎症呈负相关，而与抗炎生物标志物直接相关。此外，我们假设维生素E也会与患MetS的风险呈负相关。这项以人口为基础的横断面研究使用了2015年isa营养调查的数据，其中包括居住在圣保罗市区的368名成年人和212名老年人。采用高效液相色谱法测定血浆维生素E浓度，并根据国际糖尿病联合会的标准诊断MetS。采用标准化方案评估生化和人体测量参数。限制三次样条回归模型用于评估维生素E、炎症和MetS之间的非线性关联。在IL-6和维生素E之间的线性关联中，存在与HDL-c的相互作用。我们的研究结果还揭示了维生素E和hepcidin之间的非线性j形关联(P <；.0001), IL-1β (P <；.0001)，脂联素(P <；.001)，以及与低度全身性炎症呈负相关(P <；. 05)。此外，维生素E显示出与MetS的非线性关联(P <；. 01)。这些结果表明，维生素E可能在调节这一特定城市人群的炎症和MetS方面发挥保护作用。了解维生素E、炎症和MetS风险之间的相互作用对于制定预防和饮食管理策略至关重要。未来的研究应该探索潜在的机制，并评估最佳的维生素E摄入量，以支持代谢健康。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating biological age, epigenetic clocks, and telomere length in precision nutrition strategies for chronic disease management: Potential frameworks and ongoing challenges 将生物年龄、表观遗传时钟和端粒长度整合到慢性疾病管理的精确营养策略中：潜在的框架和持续的挑战

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.010

Beatriz G. Carvalho , Amanda A. Ribeiro , Jhulia C.N.L. da Mota , Lucas M. Carvalho , Carolina F. Nicoletti

Precision nutrition is emerging as a transformative strategy for optimizing health, particularly in the context of biological aging and chronic disease prevention. This review aims to examine how biological age markers—specifically telomere length and epigenetic clocks—can be integrated into precision nutrition frameworks to personalize interventions, enhance chronic disease management, and support healthy aging. Telomere length is a widely studied biomarker of aging and chronic disease risk, while epigenetic clocks, based on DNA methylation patterns, offer complementary insights into biological age, gene expression, and disease susceptibility. Nutritional interventions rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, B vitamins, and anti-inflammatory compounds have shown potential to modulate these biomarkers, supporting cellular health and delaying aging processes. In addition, lifestyle factors such as physical activity, stress management, and adequate sleep play critical roles in maintaining telomere integrity and epigenetic stability. However, challenges remain in translating these biomarkers into clinical practice. Importantly, variability is not the only barrier; most of these biomarkers still lack clinical validation, and there is no consensus on standardized protocols or reference values that would support their routine application in healthcare. Current guidelines recommend combining telomere length and epigenetic age with other molecular markers, such as multi-omics data, within integrative biological age assessment approaches. Nevertheless, translating this approach into clinical practice will require overcoming significant limitations, including the validation of biomarkers, standardization of measurement techniques, cost-effectiveness, and the development of clear clinical guidelines. Continued research is essential to confirm their predictive value and practical utility in precision nutrition strategies aimed at promoting healthy aging and preventing chronic diseases.

精准营养正在成为优化健康的一种变革性战略，特别是在生物衰老和慢性疾病预防的背景下。本综述旨在探讨如何将生物年龄标记-特别是端粒长度和表观遗传时钟-整合到精确营养框架中，以实现个性化干预，加强慢性病管理，并支持健康老龄化。端粒长度是一个被广泛研究的衰老和慢性疾病风险的生物标志物，而表观遗传时钟，基于DNA甲基化模式，提供了对生物年龄，基因表达和疾病易感性的补充见解。富含抗氧化剂、omega-3脂肪酸、多酚、B族维生素和抗炎化合物的营养干预已显示出调节这些生物标志物、支持细胞健康和延缓衰老过程的潜力。此外，生活方式因素，如体育活动、压力管理和充足的睡眠，在维持端粒完整性和表观遗传稳定性方面发挥着关键作用。然而，将这些生物标志物转化为临床实践仍然存在挑战。重要的是，可变性不是唯一的障碍；这些生物标志物中的大多数仍然缺乏临床验证，并且在标准化方案或参考值方面没有达成共识，以支持其在医疗保健中的常规应用。目前的指南建议将端粒长度和表观遗传年龄与其他分子标记相结合，如多组学数据，在综合生物学年龄评估方法中。然而，将这种方法转化为临床实践将需要克服重大限制，包括生物标志物的验证、测量技术的标准化、成本效益和制定明确的临床指南。为了确认它们在促进健康老龄化和预防慢性疾病的精确营养策略中的预测价值和实际应用，继续研究是必不可少的。

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引用次数: 0

Emotional and uncontrolled eating behaviors are associated with poorer glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes 情绪化和不受控制的饮食行为与2型糖尿病患者较差的血糖控制有关

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.006

Ana Carolina Freitag , Olívia Garbin Koller , Vanessa Machado Menezes , Vivian Cristine Luft , Jussara Carnevale de Almeida

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent and multifactorial disease closely linked to overweight. Positive associations between body mass index (BMI) and dysfunctional eating behavior have been observed. However, research specifically examining eating behaviors among individuals with T2DM remains limited. We hypothesized that disordered eating behavior in this population is associated with poorer metabolic control. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between eating behavior patterns and metabolic control in outpatients with T2DM. In this cross-sectional study, the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) was administered to 238 outpatients with T2DM. BMI, glycemic control, blood lipids concentration, and blood pressure were examined as outcomes. Eating behavior patterns were identified through cluster analysis based on TFEQ-R21 dimensions. Linear regression models were used to investigate the associations between eating behavior patterns and outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, sedentary lifestyle, and psychiatric medication use. The study was approved by the Hospital's Ethics Committee (ID 2020-0654). Two eating behavior patterns were identified: cognitive restraint (n = 174) and emotional and uncontrolled eating behavior (n = 64). The emotional and uncontrolled eating behavior pattern was associated with higher BMI (b = 2.35; 95% CI = 0.68-4.01), HbA1c (b = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.06-1.01), and triglyceride values (b = 64.42; 95% CI = 16.99-111.86) after adjusting for confounders. In this sample of outpatients with T2DM, the emotional and uncontrolled eating behavior pattern was associated with higher BMI, HbA1c, and triglyceride values as compared to the cognitive restraint eating behavior pattern.

2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种与超重密切相关的普遍多因素疾病。身体质量指数（BMI）与不正常饮食行为之间存在正相关。然而，专门研究2型糖尿病患者饮食行为的研究仍然有限。我们假设这一人群中饮食失调的行为与较差的代谢控制有关。因此，本研究旨在探讨门诊T2DM患者饮食行为模式与代谢控制之间的关系。在这项横断面研究中，对238例T2DM门诊患者进行了三因素饮食问卷（TFEQ-R21）。研究结果包括BMI、血糖控制、血脂浓度和血压。通过基于TFEQ-R21维度的聚类分析确定饮食行为模式。使用线性回归模型来调查饮食行为模式与结果之间的关系，调整年龄、性别、久坐的生活方式和精神药物的使用。该研究得到了医院伦理委员会（ID 2020-0654）的批准。确定了两种饮食行为模式：认知约束（n = 174）和情绪和不受控制的饮食行为（n = 64）。情绪化和不受控制的饮食行为模式与较高的BMI相关(b = 2.35；95% CI = 0.68-4.01), HbA1c (b = 0.54；95% CI = 0.06-1.01)，甘油三酯值(b = 64.42；调整混杂因素后，95% CI = 16.99-111.86)。在该T2DM门诊患者样本中，与认知约束饮食行为模式相比，情绪性和不受控制的饮食行为模式与较高的BMI、HbA1c和甘油三酯值相关。

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引用次数: 0

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and dietary intervention: A systematic review to guide further research in amenorrheic women without overt eating disorder 功能性下丘脑闭经和饮食干预：一项指导无明显饮食失调的闭经妇女进一步研究的系统综述

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.008

Anna Paola Amoroso , Simona Fiorini , Lenycia de Cassya Lopes Neri , Monica Guglielmetti , Anna Tagliabue , Rossella Elena Nappi , Cinzia Ferraris

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is a multifactorial condition caused by psychological stress, energy deficit, weight loss, and excessive physical activity in the absence of adequate energy intake. Nutrition plays a key role in FHA treatment, with the primary intervention focused on correcting energy imbalance. Evidence regarding the exact amount of energy required to restore menses, the timeframe for recovery, and the optimal nutritional practices to support long-term recovery and optimize reproductive outcomes, remain limited. In this review, we aimed to assess if dietary intervention affects the nutritional status, food intake, nutrition knowledge, and hormonal milieu in women with FHA. We performed this review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses method, using the Population, Intervention, Control, Outcome, Study design criteria. A quality appraisal checklist for case series was used. The search included 4 databases and was restricted to English and Italian languages. Eleven articles were included. Five of these referred to the same population analyzed in 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs); 3 nonrandomized controlled trials (NRCTs); and 1 nonrandomized uncontrolled trial, and 2 case series. Overall, the risk of bias was low for RCTs and moderate-to-high for NRCTs. Menstrual cycle can be restored in 1 to 12 months. One article indicated an additional 350 kcal/d energy intake to achieve this. However, the long-term impact of nutritional intervention alone remains unclear. Further research with a comprehensive, patient-centered approach is needed to confirm these findings and to clarify the possible role of nutritional counseling in FHA treatment.

功能性下丘脑闭经（FHA）是一种多因素疾病，由心理压力、能量不足、体重减轻和在缺乏足够能量摄入的情况下过度运动引起。营养在FHA治疗中起着关键作用，主要干预措施是纠正能量失衡。关于恢复月经所需的确切能量、恢复的时间框架以及支持长期恢复和优化生殖结果的最佳营养做法的证据仍然有限。在这篇综述中，我们旨在评估饮食干预是否会影响FHA女性的营养状况、食物摄入、营养知识和激素环境。我们按照系统评价的首选报告项目和荟萃分析方法，使用人群、干预、对照、结果、研究设计标准进行了本综述。使用了病例系列的质量评估清单。搜索包括4个数据库，仅限于英语和意大利语。纳入了11篇文章。其中5个涉及在2个随机对照试验（rct）中分析的相同人群；3项非随机对照试验（NRCTs）；1个非随机对照试验，2个病例系列。总的来说，随机对照试验的偏倚风险较低，非随机对照试验的偏倚风险中等至高。月经周期1 ~ 12个月即可恢复。一篇文章指出，要达到这一目标，每天需要额外摄入350千卡的能量。然而，仅靠营养干预的长期影响尚不清楚。需要以全面的、以患者为中心的方法进行进一步的研究来证实这些发现，并阐明营养咨询在FHA治疗中的可能作用。

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David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫·克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00083-1

引用次数: 0