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IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00113-7

引用次数: 0

Urinary Iodine/Creatinine as an Indicator of Iodine Status in Lactating Women: Optimal Collection Time Between 0-8 Hours 尿碘/肌酐作为哺乳期妇女碘状态的指标：最佳采集时间在0-8小时之间

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.006

Qi Meng , Duan Li , Ting Wang , Qi Jin , Fei Li , Meina Ji , Hexi Zhang , Wenxing Guo , Wanqi Zhang

The urinary iodine/creatinine ratio (UI/Cr) has been recognized as a stable indicator for assessing iodine nutrition status. However, data regarding UI/Cr in lactating women are relatively limited. This study aimed to explore the variation regularity of spot UI/Cr and to provide the optimal time for urine collection. Twenty-two healthy lactating women were recruited for a 7-day iodine metabolism experiment. Daily iodine intake was accurately measured and calculated; all urine samples from each participant were collected separately over the 7-day period, and urinary iodine and urinary creatinine were tested. Spot UI/Cr showed minimal variation between 00:00 and 08:00, with significant changes after 08:00. The 24-hour period was divided into six segments, with the smallest coefficient of variation observed in the 00:00 to 03:59 period. The mixed-effects model analysis revealed that spot UI/Cr during the 0:00 to 3:59 period exhibited the strongest correlation with 24-hour UI/Cr (β = 0.82, P < .001), as well as with 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (β = 0.49, P < .001). Additionally, spot UI/Cr during the 4:00 to 7:59 period demonstrated the strongest correlation with total iodine intake (β = 0.54, P < .001), while spot UI/Cr during the 20:00 to 23:59 period showed the strongest correlation with the total iodine intake of the previous day (β = 0.41, P < .001). As UI/Cr is influenced by dietary iodine and its variation increases after eating, it is recommended that urine collection time for assessing the iodine nutritional status of lactating women using spot UI/Cr be set between 0:00 and 08:00.

尿碘/肌酐比值（UI/Cr）已被公认为评价碘营养状况的稳定指标。然而，关于哺乳期妇女尿失禁/尿失禁的数据相对有限。本研究旨在探讨尿样UI/Cr的变化规律，为收集尿液提供最佳时机。选取22名健康哺乳期妇女进行为期7天的碘代谢实验。准确测量和计算每日碘摄入量；在7天的时间内，分别收集所有参与者的尿液样本，并检测尿碘和尿肌酐。现货UI/Cr在00:00 - 08:00之间变化最小，08:00之后变化显著。24小时时段被划分为6个时间段，其中00:00 ~ 03:59时段变异系数最小。混合效应模型分析显示，在0:00 ~ 3:59时段，尿样UI/Cr与24小时尿样UI/Cr的相关性最强（β = 0.82, P < .001），与24小时尿碘排泄量的相关性最强（β = 0.49, P < 001）。4 ~ 7∶59与总碘摄入量相关性最强（β = 0.54, P < 0.001）， 20∶00 ~ 23∶59与前一天总碘摄入量相关性最强（β = 0.41, P < 0.001）。由于UI/Cr受膳食碘的影响，且进食后其变化会增大，因此建议采尿时间选择在0:00 - 08:00之间，以此来评价哺乳期妇女的碘营养状况。

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引用次数: 0

A higher intake of white-edible-colored fruits and vegetables is associated with lower gastrointestinal cancer risk among Korean adults in a prospective cohort study 在一项前瞻性队列研究中，韩国成年人摄入较多的白色可食用水果和蔬菜与较低的胃肠道癌症风险相关

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.005

Yujin Cho , Jeonghee Lee , Madhawa Gunathilake , Youngyo Kim , Shinyoung Jun , Jeongseon Kim

Although fruits and vegetables were studied botanically in previous studies, few have examined their associations with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk based on color classification. Color is familiar to the public and translates phytochemical science into dietary guidance. We hypothesized that the intake of fruits and vegetables would be differently associated with GI cancer risk by color. This cohort study investigated the association between fruit and vegetable colors and GI cancer risk in 11,286 participants from the Cancer Screenee Cohort, who underwent health check-ups at the National Cancer Center between 2007 and 2021. Dietary data were collected through food frequency questionnaires. A Cox proportional hazards regression model evaluated the association between fruit and vegetable color groups (green, orange/yellow, red/purple, and white) and GI cancer risk. Over a mean follow-up of 8 years, 214 GI cancers (esophageal, gastric, small intestine, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal) were identified. Higher total fruit and vegetable intake was associated with reduced GI cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38-0.88, P for trend = .013). Among color groups, white-colored fruits and vegetables (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.41-0.99, P for trend = .021), and white-colored fruits (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38-0.92, P for trend = .021) were associated with a lower risk of GI cancer after fully adjusting for demographic variables, dietary factors, and comorbidities. Findings were consistent across subgroup analyses. No significant associations were found for green, orange/yellow, or red/purple groups. These results suggest that white-colored fruits and vegetables may contribute to GI cancer prevention.

虽然在以前的研究中对水果和蔬菜进行了植物学研究，但很少有人根据颜色分类来研究它们与胃肠道（GI）癌症风险的关系。颜色为公众所熟悉，并将植物化学科学转化为饮食指导。我们假设水果和蔬菜的摄入量会因颜色不同而与胃肠道癌症风险有不同的关联。这项队列研究调查了来自癌症筛查队列的11286名参与者的水果和蔬菜颜色与胃肠道癌症风险之间的关系，这些参与者在2007年至2021年期间在国家癌症中心接受了健康检查。饮食数据通过食物频率问卷收集。Cox比例风险回归模型评估了水果和蔬菜颜色组（绿色、橙色/黄色、红色/紫色和白色）与胃肠道癌症风险之间的关系。在平均8年的随访中，发现214例胃肠道肿瘤（食管癌、胃癌、小肠癌、肝癌、胰腺癌和结肠直肠癌）。较高的水果和蔬菜总摄入量与降低胃肠道癌症风险相关（风险比[HR] = 0.57, 95%可信区间[CI]: 0.38-0.88，趋势P = 0.013）。在颜色组中，在完全调整了人口统计学变量、饮食因素和合共病后，白色水果和蔬菜（HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.41-0.99， P为趋势= 0.021）和白色水果（HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38-0.92， P为趋势= 0.021）与较低的GI癌风险相关。亚组分析结果一致。在绿色、橙色/黄色或红色/紫色组中没有发现显著的关联。这些结果表明，白色的水果和蔬菜可能有助于预防胃肠道癌症。

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引用次数: 0

Low serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D Is associated with severe metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in individuals with overweight/obesity: A cross-sectional study 低血清25羟维生素D与超重/肥胖患者严重代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病相关：一项横断面研究

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.004

Yan Li , Minglan Yang , Jiang Yue , Jie Chen , Zixuan Wang , Yicheng Qi , Qianjing Liu , Qing Lu , Jing Ma

The role of vitamin D status in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains controversial. Furthermore, research evaluating the relationship between vitamin D status and abdominal fat distribution is limited. Therefore, we hypothesized that serum vitamin D is inversely associated with the severity of liver fat content (LFC) in populations with overweight/obesity. A total of 201 subjects with body mass index ≥23 kg/m² were classified by 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) concentration as either vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) or vitamin D normal (≥20 ng/mL). Magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction was used to measure fat accumulation in the liver, pancreas, and abdomen subcutaneous and visceral. The LFC and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were significantly higher in the vitamin D deficient group compared to the normal vitamin D group (P < .05). However, there were no significant differences in visceral adipose tissue or pancreatic fat content between the 2 groups. Additionally, as the severity of LFC and SAT increases in individuals with overweight/obesity, serum 25 (OH) D concentration significantly decreases (P < .05). Further multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals in the highest tertile of 25 (OH) D exposure exhibited lower risks of severe hepatic steatosis compared to those in the lowest tertile (T3 vs. T1, OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.10-0.67, P = .01). Our results identify a significant inverse association between serum 25 (OH) D concentration and severe MASLD in individuals with overweight/obesity. Further research is needed to explore the metabolic mechanisms underlying this association and their implications for liver protection.

维生素D在代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）中的作用仍然存在争议。此外，评估维生素D水平与腹部脂肪分布之间关系的研究有限。因此，我们假设在超重/肥胖人群中，血清维生素D与肝脏脂肪含量（LFC）的严重程度呈负相关。201名体重指数≥23 kg/m2的受试者按25羟维生素D （25 (OH) D）浓度分为维生素D缺乏症（≤20 ng/mL）和维生素D正常（≥20 ng/mL）两组。磁共振成像-质子密度脂肪分数用于测量肝脏、胰腺、腹部、皮下和内脏的脂肪堆积。维生素D缺乏组的LFC和皮下脂肪组织（SAT）明显高于正常维生素D组（P < 0.05）。然而，两组之间内脏脂肪组织和胰腺脂肪含量无显著差异。此外，随着超重/肥胖个体LFC和SAT严重程度的增加，血清25 (OH) D浓度显著降低（P < 0.05）。进一步的多变量调整logistic回归分析显示，暴露于25 (OH) D水平最高的个体比暴露于25 (OH) D水平最低的个体发生严重肝脂肪变性的风险更低（T3 vs. T1, OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.10-0.67, P = 0.01）。我们的研究结果表明，在超重/肥胖个体中，血清25 (OH) D浓度与严重MASLD之间存在显著的负相关。需要进一步的研究来探索这种关联背后的代谢机制及其对肝脏保护的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary vitamin E intake is associated with lower mortality among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease 在代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病患者中，膳食维生素E摄入量与较低的死亡率相关

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.001

Yajie Peng , Wanhong Wu , Lin Chen , Chao Xu , Xuelian Xiong

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a prominent global health issue within the realm of chronic liver diseases. Dietary interventions are of utmost importance in its management. This research, grounded in data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999-2018 and the National Death Index (NDI), was designed to clarify the association between dietary vitamin E intake and mortality among MASLD patients. Our hypothesis proposed that higher dietary vitamin E intake might be inversely associated with a lower risk of mortality in this population. A total of 7883 MASLD patients were enrolled. Their dietary vitamin E intake was accurately measured via the USDA's standardized method, and numerous confounding factors were comprehensively taken into account. The findings indicated that a higher dietary vitamin E intake was significantly linked to a decreased risk of both all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in MASLD patients. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models vividly depicted this inverse correlation. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses further verified the reliability of the results, showing that nonsedentary patients were more sensitive to the protective effects of vitamin E. Notably, the improvement of mortality was particularly significant in patients with increased total bilirubin and fibrotic liver. This study offers valuable perspectives on the potential role of dietary vitamin E in MASLD management. It suggests that increasing dietary vitamin E intake could be a promising preventive approach.

代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）已成为慢性肝病领域中一个突出的全球健康问题。饮食干预对其管理至关重要。这项研究基于1999年至2018年国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）和国家死亡指数（NDI）的数据，旨在阐明MASLD患者膳食维生素E摄入量与死亡率之间的关系。我们的假设提出，在这一人群中，较高的膳食维生素E摄入量可能与较低的死亡率风险呈负相关。共有7883名MASLD患者入组。他们的膳食维生素E摄入量是通过美国农业部的标准化方法精确测量的，并综合考虑了许多混杂因素。研究结果表明，较高的膳食维生素E摄入量与MASLD患者全因和心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率的降低显著相关。Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox回归模型生动地描述了这种负相关关系。亚组分析和敏感性分析进一步验证了结果的可靠性，表明不久坐的患者对维生素e的保护作用更敏感。值得注意的是，总胆红素升高和肝纤维化的患者死亡率的改善尤为显著。本研究为膳食维生素E在MASLD管理中的潜在作用提供了有价值的观点。这表明增加饮食中维生素E的摄入量可能是一种很有希望的预防方法。

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引用次数: 0

Higher serum vitamin D concentration and supplementation were associated with improved survival outcomes and treatment response in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis 在接受免疫治疗的癌症患者中，较高的血清维生素D浓度和补充与改善的生存结果和治疗反应相关：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.003

Qian Yang , Chi Shu , Hong Li , Xuan Xie , Hong Wu , Yanhong Zhou , Huanrui Hu , Jichun Zhao , Chuan Xu , Yazhou He

Biological evidence has demonstrated the anti-tumor effects of vitamin D, but whether it could predict the effect of cancer immunotherapy remains inconclusive. We hypothesized that higher serum vitamin D concentration and supplementation might be correlated with better prognosis and treatment response among cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. We systematically searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles from inception to June 19, 2025. We calculated the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effect model primarily to determine the relationship between vitamin D and prognosis in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. Thirteen studies involving 2592 cancer patients were included. Higher vitamin D concentration was associated with improved overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.39-0.58, P < .001), as well as progression-free survival (PFS), event-free survival (EFS), and objective response rate (ORR). For cancer subtypes, elevated vitamin D concentration was associated with improved OS in lymphoma patients receiving any immunotherapy. All included patients with solid tumors received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and showed positive effects of higher vitamin D. Furthermore, a significant correlation was also observed between vitamin D supplementation and prolonged OS (HR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.94, P = .022). Higher vitamin D concentration and supplementation demonstrated improved treatment outcomes to immunotherapy in cancer patients. However, due to limited categories of cancers available, more high-quality studies with multiple cancers and treatment regimens enrolled are warranted before vitamin D supplementation could be administered to further improve the prognosis.

生物学证据已经证明了维生素D的抗肿瘤作用，但它是否可以预测癌症免疫治疗的效果仍然没有定论。我们假设在接受免疫治疗的癌症患者中，较高的血清维生素D浓度和补充可能与更好的预后和治疗反应相关。我们系统地检索了Medline、Embase、Cochrane Library、PubMed和Web of Science数据库，以确定从创立到2025年6月19日的相关文章。我们使用随机效应模型计算95%置信区间（ci）的合并风险比（hr）或优势比（ORs），主要是为了确定接受免疫治疗的癌症患者维生素D与预后之间的关系。纳入了13项研究，涉及2592名癌症患者。较高的维生素D浓度与改善的总生存期（OS）（HR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.39-0.58, P < 0.001）、无进展生存期（PFS）、无事件生存期（EFS）和客观缓解率（ORR）相关。对于癌症亚型，在接受任何免疫治疗的淋巴瘤患者中，维生素D浓度升高与OS改善相关。所有纳入的实体瘤患者均接受了免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）治疗，并显示出高维生素D的积极作用。此外，维生素D补充与延长OS之间也存在显著相关性（HR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.94, P = 0.022）。较高的维生素D浓度和补充证明了癌症患者免疫治疗的改善效果。然而，由于可用的癌症种类有限，在补充维生素D以进一步改善预后之前，需要对多种癌症和治疗方案进行更多高质量的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Blood urea nitrogen-guided protein dosage adjustment helps reduce azotemia and functional prognosis deterioration induced by high protein intake in neurocritical patients: A retrospective cohort study 一项回顾性队列研究：血尿素氮引导蛋白剂量调整有助于减少神经危重症患者高蛋白摄入导致的氮血症和功能预后恶化

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.008

Ziyu Chen , Junlin Deng , Xiaolin Zhao, Zhenzhou Lin, Dongmei Wang, Yongming Wu, Kaibin Huang, Suyue Pan

The optimal protein dosage for neurocritical patients remains uncertain. We hypothesized that higher protein dosage increases azotemia risk and worsens prognosis, and that baseline BUN can guide protein dosage adjustments. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, we included 327 neurocritical patients aged 18 or older admitted between July 2018 and June 2023 (BMI: 18.5-30 kg/m²). Daily protein intake from all sources was calculated. The primary outcome was azotemia incidence, and secondary outcomes included 30-day functional prognosis (mRS >3). Patients were categorized by protein intake: <0.8 g/kg/d, 0.8–1.3 g/kg/d, and >1.3 g/kg/d. Azotemia incidence was lower in the <0.8 g/kg/d group compared to the >1.3 g/kg/d group (21.9 vs. 45.7%, adjusted p = 0.002), with a significant correlation after adjusting for confounders. Among patients with an APACHE II score <15, the <0.8 g/kg/d group had lower azotemia rates and better prognosis. For those with a score ≥15, the >1.3 g/kg/d group had higher azotemia rates and worse prognosis. A U-shaped relationship between BUN and 30-day prognosis was observed in the <0.8 g/kg/d group. For BUN <4.3 mmol/L, protein intake of 0.8–1.3 g/kg/d improved outcomes, whereas for BUN >4.3 mmol/L, intake <0.8 g/kg/d was beneficial. The research demonstrates that excessive protein intake is associated with increased azotemia risk and worse outcomes. Baseline BUN may help inform protein dosage selection in neurocritical care, though its generalizability requires validation in multicenter prospective studies.

神经危重症患者的最佳蛋白质剂量仍不确定。我们假设较高的蛋白质剂量增加氮血症风险并恶化预后，基线BUN可以指导蛋白质剂量的调整。在这项单中心、回顾性队列研究中，我们纳入了2018年7月至2023年6月期间入院的327名18岁及以上的神经危重症患者（BMI: 18.5-30 kg/m2）。计算了所有来源的每日蛋白质摄入量。主要终点为氮血症发生率，次要终点为30天功能预后（mRS >3）。根据蛋白质摄入量对患者进行分类：0.8 g/kg/d、0.8 ~ 1.3 g/kg/d和1.3 g/kg/d。与1.3 g/kg/d组相比，0.8 g/kg/d组氮血症发生率较低（21.9% vs. 45.7%，校正p = 0.002），校正混杂因素后相关性显著。在APACHE II评分为15分的患者中，0.8 g/kg/d组氮血症发生率较低，预后较好。对于评分≥15的患者，1.3 g/kg/d组氮血症发生率较高，预后较差。0.8 g/kg/d组BUN与30天预后呈u型关系。对于BUN < 4.3 mmol/L，蛋白质摄入0.8 - 1.3 g/kg/d改善结果，而对于BUN < 4.3 mmol/L，蛋白质摄入0.8 g/kg/d有益。研究表明，过量的蛋白质摄入与氮血症风险增加和更糟糕的结果有关。基线BUN可能有助于神经危重症护理中蛋白质剂量的选择，尽管其普遍性需要在多中心前瞻性研究中验证。

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引用次数: 0

Skipping breakfast and its wide-ranging health consequences: A systematic review from multiple metabolic disruptions to socioeconomic factors 不吃早餐及其广泛的健康后果：从多种代谢紊乱到社会经济因素的系统回顾

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.006

Tatiana Palotta Minari, Luciana Pellegrini Pisani

Skipping breakfast has been widely debated due to its potential health consequences across multiple domains. This systematic review evaluates literature from 2010 to 2025, analyzing 66 studies to assess its associations with obesity, diabetes, gut microbiome alterations, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, sports performance, psychiatric disorders, cognitive health, and socioeconomic factors. The hypothesis suggests that breakfast omission is linked to various adverse health effects. Evidence highlights associations with obesity and weight gain due to altered hormonal responses influencing hunger and energy balance. Additionally, skipping breakfast negatively affects gut microbiota, contributing to systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Research suggests potential links to increased cancer risk through inflammatory pathways, while cognitive decline, mood disorders, and impaired athletic performance are also observed. Psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression, may be exacerbated by irregular meal patterns, influencing neurotransmitter regulation. Emerging studies indicate that breakfast consumption plays a role in bone mineral density, as prolonged fasting periods may affect calcium metabolism and skeletal health. Socioeconomic disparities impact breakfast consumption, affecting diet quality and overall health outcomes. While some individuals experience neutral or even beneficial effects, meal timing and caloric distribution play critical roles in metabolic and cardiovascular health. However, causality remains complex due to confounding factors like diet quality, physical activity, and socioeconomic status. Current studies face limitations, including small sample sizes and short intervention periods, requiring further research to refine conclusions and explore long-term mechanisms behind breakfast omission’s health impacts.

不吃早餐由于其潜在的健康后果在多个领域引起了广泛的争论。本系统综述评估了2010年至2025年的文献，分析了66项研究，以评估其与肥胖、糖尿病、肠道微生物组改变、神经退行性疾病、癌症、运动表现、精神障碍、认知健康和社会经济因素的关系。该假设表明，不吃早餐与各种不利的健康影响有关。有证据表明，肥胖和体重增加与影响饥饿和能量平衡的激素反应改变有关。此外，不吃早餐会对肠道微生物群产生负面影响，导致全身炎症和代谢功能障碍。研究表明，炎症途径可能与癌症风险增加有关，同时还观察到认知能力下降、情绪障碍和运动表现受损。精神疾病，包括焦虑和抑郁，可能因不规律的饮食模式而加剧，影响神经递质调节。新出现的研究表明，早餐消费在骨矿物质密度中起作用，因为长时间禁食可能会影响钙代谢和骨骼健康。社会经济差异影响早餐消费，影响饮食质量和整体健康结果。虽然有些人会经历中性甚至有益的影响，但进餐时间和热量分配在代谢和心血管健康中起着关键作用。然而，由于饮食质量、身体活动和社会经济地位等混杂因素，因果关系仍然很复杂。目前的研究存在局限性，包括样本量小、干预期短，需要进一步的研究来完善结论，并探索不吃早餐对健康影响的长期机制。

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引用次数: 0

Harnessing dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids through gut microbiota to enhance ferroptosis in breast cancer therapy 利用膳食多不饱和脂肪酸通过肠道菌群增强乳腺癌治疗中的铁下垂

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.007

Yara Adel Haroun , Abdulrahman Abdulla Alzyoud , Mohammad Taha Alizadeh , Nashwa Ahmed Mohamed , Riyad Bendardaf , Sameh S.M. Soliman

Breast cancer remains a leading global health challenge, with treatment resistance posing significant obstacles to effective therapy. Emerging research highlights the pivotal role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and gut microbiota in modulating breast cancer progression and therapeutic outcomes. This review explores the interplay and potential relevance of the PUFA–microbiota–ferroptosis axis in breast cancer progression and therapy. Omega-3 PUFAs, abundant in diets like the Mediterranean, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, promote beneficial gut microbiota, and enhance ferroptosis, thereby reducing tumor proliferation and resistance. Conversely, omega-6 PUFAs, prevalent in Western diets, can exacerbate inflammation and tumor aggressiveness when imbalanced. Gut microbiota, through the production of short-chain fatty acids and PUFA-derived metabolites, further regulate ferroptosis sensitivity and systemic inflammation. We are evaluating the mechanisms by which omega-3 PUFAs and probiotics restore gut dysbiosis, modulate the tumor microenvironment, and synergize with treatments like chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Taken together and considering the generally favorable safety profile of omega-3 PUFAs, these findings suggest that the PUFA–microbiota–ferroptosis axis may represent a promising avenue for further investigation as a complementary strategy to address treatment resistance and improve outcomes. This warrants further translational research to optimize its clinical utility in personalized breast cancer management. Regulatory frameworks are also crucial to ensuring the safe and ethical implementation of PUFA-based interventions in global breast cancer care.

乳腺癌仍然是全球主要的健康挑战，治疗耐药性对有效治疗构成重大障碍。新兴研究强调了饮食多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）和肠道微生物群在调节乳腺癌进展和治疗结果中的关键作用。这篇综述探讨了pufa -微生物-铁下垂轴在乳腺癌进展和治疗中的相互作用和潜在的相关性。Omega-3 PUFAs在地中海等饮食中含量丰富，具有抗炎特性，促进有益的肠道微生物群，增强铁下垂，从而减少肿瘤的增殖和耐药性。相反，西方饮食中普遍存在的omega-6 PUFAs在失衡时可能加剧炎症和肿瘤侵袭性。肠道菌群通过产生短链脂肪酸和pufa衍生的代谢物，进一步调节铁下垂敏感性和全身性炎症。我们正在评估omega-3 PUFAs和益生菌恢复肠道生态失调、调节肿瘤微环境以及与化疗和免疫检查点抑制剂等治疗协同作用的机制。综上所述，考虑到omega-3 pufa普遍具有良好的安全性，这些研究结果表明，pufa -微生物群-铁下垂轴可能作为解决治疗耐药性和改善结果的补充策略，为进一步研究提供了一条有希望的途径。这需要进一步的转化研究，以优化其在个性化乳腺癌管理中的临床应用。监管框架对于确保在全球乳腺癌护理中安全、合乎道德地实施基于pufa的干预措施也至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased vitamin C requirements in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 美国国家健康与营养检查调查显示，代谢综合征与维生素C需求增加有关

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.003

Anitra C. Carr , Chris Frampton , Helen Lunt

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a constellation of dysregulated cardiometabolic parameters. This study assessed associations between MetS and vitamin C in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to determine vitamin C requirements in people with a range of MetS severity, the hypothesis being that people with higher MetS severity would have higher requirements for the vitamin. Data for non-supplementing, fasting adults (n = 4,832) was extracted from NHANES 2003-6 and 2017-18 and included demographic and lifestyle variables, cardiometabolic laboratory variables, vitamin C dietary intakes and serum concentrations. MetS severity score was calculated using sex, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose concentrations. The mean (range) MetS severity score for the group was 0.19 (-4.0 to 6.8). There was a negative association between MetS severity score and serum vitamin C (r=-0.203, p < 0.001). Participants who met the vitamin C adequacy threshold of ≥50 µmol/L had a mean MetS severity score of 0.00 vs 0.38 in those who did not meet the threshold (p < 0.001). When the group was stratified by MetS severity score tertiles, the participants with the highest scores required an intake >100 mg/d, equating to an additional 65 mg/d (or 2.7-fold higher intake requirement) to meet the adequacy threshold relative to those with the lowest scores. Comparable relationships were observed between the individual MetS severity score components and vitamin C status and requirements. Overall, the results indicate that increased metabolic dysregulation results in decreased vitamin C status and a higher intake requirement for the vitamin to meet adequate circulating concentrations.

代谢综合征（MetS）包括一系列心脏代谢参数失调。这项研究在美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）中评估了MetS和维生素C之间的关系，以确定MetS严重程度人群的维生素C需求，假设MetS严重程度较高的人对维生素C的需求也较高。从NHANES 2003-6和2017-18中提取了未补充维生素C的空腹成年人（n = 4,832）的数据，包括人口统计学和生活方式变量、心脏代谢实验室变量、维生素C膳食摄入量和血清浓度。根据性别、腰围、收缩压、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和空腹血糖浓度计算MetS严重程度评分。该组MetS严重程度的平均（范围）评分为0.19（-4.0至6.8）。MetS严重程度评分与血清维生素C呈负相关(r=-0.203, p <；0.001)。达到维生素C充足阈值≥50µmol/L的参与者的平均MetS严重程度评分为0.00，而未达到阈值的参与者的平均MetS严重程度评分为0.38 (p <；0.001)。当按met严重程度评分分位数进行分组时，得分最高的参与者需要摄入100毫克/天，相当于额外的65毫克/天（或2.7倍的摄入量要求），以达到相对于得分最低的参与者的充足阈值。在个体MetS严重程度评分成分与维生素C状态和需求之间观察到可比较的关系。总的来说，结果表明，代谢失调的增加导致维生素C状态下降，维生素摄入量需要增加才能满足足够的循环浓度。

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