Nutrition Research最新文献

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Editorial office and Board Members

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00010-7

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Editorial office and Board Members

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00159-3

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David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00160-X

引用次数: 0

Polyphenols from Prunus salicina L. alleviate weight gain, obesity-related hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, hyperglycemia, and modulate gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet 从水杨梅中提取的多酚类物质可减轻以高脂肪饮食喂养的小鼠的体重增加、与肥胖相关的高脂血症、肝脏脂肪变性和高血糖，并调节肠道微生物区系

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.001

Haizhao Song , Jing Lu , Qiang Chu

Hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and hyperglycemia are prevalent metabolic disorders closely linked to obesity. The objective of this research was to examine the potential advantageous impacts of polyphenols extracted from Prunus salicina L. fruit (PSFP) on hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and hyperglycemia induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), as well as to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. Male C57BL/6J mice, free from specific pathogens, were assigned randomly into three groups. These groups were then subjected to a 14-week dietary intervention, including a low-fat diet, an HFD, or an HFD plus with PSFP via intragastric administration. The obesity-related biochemical indexes were evaluated. To assess alterations in gut microbiota resulting from PSFP treatment, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS assay identified 162 distinct polyphenolic compounds in PSFP. The administration of PSFP significantly reduced both body weight gain and hyperlipidemia induced by HFD. In addition, PSFP ameliorated hepatic steatosis induced by HFD and enhanced liver function in mice. PSFP treatment also ameliorated HFD-induced insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, evidenced by the observed decrease in fasting serum concentrations of glucose and insulin, improved insulin sensitivity, and restored glucose tolerance. Moreover, PSFP modulated the composition and abundance of specific microbial genus, including Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Akkermansia, Parabacteroides, Enterococcus, Adlercreutzia, and Roseburia. Correlation analysis indicated significant associations between gut microbiota and physiological indices associated with obesity. These findings suggested that PSFP supplementation ameliorated HFD-induced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and hyperglycemia, potentially through modulating the gut microbiota composition and abundance of specific taxa.

高脂血症、肝脂肪变性和高血糖是与肥胖密切相关的常见代谢疾病。本研究的目的是探讨从水杨梅果实（PSFP）中提取的多酚对高脂饮食（HFD）诱发的高脂血症、肝脂肪变性和高血糖的潜在有利影响，并阐明其中的潜在机制。雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠在没有特定病原体的情况下被随机分为三组。然后对这些组进行为期 14 周的饮食干预，包括低脂饮食、高脂饮食或高脂饮食加胃内给药 PSFP。对肥胖相关的生化指标进行了评估。为了评估PSFP治疗导致的肠道微生物群变化，进行了16S rRNA测序。UPLC-ESI-MS/MS分析鉴定了PSFP中162种不同的多酚化合物。服用 PSFP 后，高氟日粮引起的体重增加和高脂血症均明显减少。此外，PSFP 还能改善高脂饮食引起的肝脏脂肪变性，增强小鼠的肝功能。PSFP 治疗还能改善高纤维食物诱导的胰岛素抵抗和高血糖，这体现在观察到的空腹血清葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度的下降、胰岛素敏感性的改善以及葡萄糖耐量的恢复。此外，PSFP 还调节了特定微生物属的组成和丰度，包括 Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 组、Akkermansia、Parabacteroides、Enterococcus、Adlercreutzia 和 Roseburia。相关性分析表明，肠道微生物群与肥胖相关的生理指标之间存在明显的关联。这些研究结果表明，补充 PSFP 可改善 HFD 引起的高脂血症、肝脂肪变性和高血糖，这可能是通过调节肠道微生物群的组成和特定类群的丰度实现的。

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引用次数: 0

Whole milk intake is associated with lower body weight and body mass index in American adults 全脂牛奶的摄入量与美国成年人较低的体重和体重指数有关

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.002

Moises Torres-Gonzalez , Matthew A. Pikosky , Kristin Ricklefs-Johnson , Kristin Fulgoni , Victor L. Fulgoni III , Sanjiv Agarwal , Christopher J. Cifelli

The objective was to determine if whole milk intake or total milk intake behaviors are associated with body weight (weight) and related parameters in adults. We hypothesize that whole milk intake would be inversely associated with body weight measures. Whole milk (including flavored whole milk) intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2018 for adults age 20+ years (N = 43,038). Weight and related parameters were measured, and history of self-reported weights and total milk intake were obtained from questionnaire data. The association of whole milk intake with weight was assessed via regression after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle-related covariates. The average body mass index (BMI) was about 29 kg/m² and weight was 76 to 89 kg. About 66% of the population were overweight or obese. Average whole milk intake among consumers was 1.0 to 1.4 cups eq/d. Whole milk intake was inversely associated (P < .05) with weight, BMI, waist circumference, and the prevalence of obesity. Whole milk intake was also inversely associated (P < .01) with trying to lose weight in the past year. In most cases, milk intake behavior at ages 5 to 12, 13 to 17, or 18 to 35 years was not associated with BMI. The results indicate that whole milk intake was inversely associated with weight, BMI, and prevalence of obesity, and these findings may provide additional evidence to support dietary recommendations for whole milk.

目的是确定全脂牛奶摄入量或牛奶总摄入量行为是否与成年人的体重（重量）及相关参数有关。我们假设全脂牛奶的摄入量与体重测量值成反比。全脂牛奶（包括调味全脂牛奶）的摄入量是通过 2001-2018 年全国健康与营养调查中 20 岁以上成年人（N=43,038）的 24 小时膳食回忆数据进行评估的。对体重和相关参数进行了测量，并从问卷数据中获得了自我报告体重和牛奶总摄入量的历史记录。在对人口统计学和生活方式相关协变量进行调整后，通过回归评估了全脂牛奶摄入量与体重的关系。平均体重指数（BMI）约为 29 kg/m2，体重为 76 至 89 kg。约 66% 的人口超重或肥胖。消费者的全脂牛奶平均摄入量为 1.0 至 1.4 杯当量/天。全脂牛奶的摄入量与体重、体重指数、腰围和肥胖率成反比（P < .05）。全脂牛奶的摄入量还与过去一年中尝试减肥的次数成反比（P < .01）。在大多数情况下，5 至 12 岁、13 至 17 岁或 18 至 35 岁的牛奶摄入行为与体重指数无关。结果表明，全脂牛奶的摄入量与体重、体重指数和肥胖症的发生率成反比，这些发现可能为支持全脂牛奶的膳食建议提供了更多证据。

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引用次数: 0

David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫-克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00147-7

引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members 编辑部和董事会成员

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00146-5

引用次数: 0

Polyphenols have unique cellular effects that are distinct from antioxidant function in Toll-like receptor 4–mediated inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophage-like cells 在 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞样细胞中，多酚在 Toll 样受体 4 介导的炎症中具有不同于抗氧化功能的独特细胞效应

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.007

Rami S. Najjar , Wesley W. Grace , Ana P.S. Siqueira , Alivia M. Setka , Wen Lu , Siming Wang , Rafaela G. Feresin

Plant polyphenols are bioactive compounds touted for their antioxidant effects, and this is often the primary attribute used to explain their health benefits. However, we hypothesize that polyphenols have molecular properties independent of antioxidant function. The objective of this study was to investigate whether polyphenols had distinct molecular effects compared to pure antioxidants. RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with either TEMPOL, a superoxide scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine, a hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenger, or polyphenol extracts from blackberry, blueberry, raspberry, strawberry, kale, and baru nut. After 1 hour of pretreatment, cells were treated with lipopolysaccharides (100 ng/mL) for an additional 6 hour. Antioxidants and polyphenol extracts elicited antioxidant effects in vitro; however, polyphenols regulated redox proteins in a distinct, protective manner, whereas antioxidants, TEMPOL, and N-acetyl cysteine, did not. Additionally, distinct effects were observed in downstream Toll-like receptor 4 signaling and transcriptional activity of inflammatory proteins. We conclude that polyphenols have unique molecular effects that are independent of just their free radical scavenging capacity. This work advances our molecular understanding of how polyphenols act to target inflammation.

植物多酚是一种生物活性化合物，因其具有抗氧化作用而备受推崇，这通常是解释其健康益处的主要属性。然而，我们假设多酚具有独立于抗氧化功能的分子特性。本研究的目的是调查与纯抗氧化剂相比，多酚是否具有独特的分子效应。用超氧化物清除剂 TEMPOL、羟自由基和过氧化氢清除剂 N-乙酰半胱氨酸或黑莓、蓝莓、覆盆子、草莓、羽衣甘蓝和巴豆中的多酚提取物对 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞进行预处理。预处理 1 小时后，用脂多糖（100 毫微克/毫升）处理细胞 6 小时。抗氧化剂和多酚提取物在体外产生了抗氧化作用；然而，多酚以一种独特的保护性方式调节氧化还原蛋白，而抗氧化剂、TEMPOL和N-乙酰半胱氨酸则没有。此外，在下游 Toll 样受体 4 信号传导和炎症蛋白转录活性方面也观察到了不同的效果。我们得出结论：多酚具有独特的分子效应，而这些效应并不局限于其清除自由基的能力。这项研究加深了我们对多酚如何作用于炎症的分子认识。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic variants in the PKD1L2/BCO1 region are associated with β-carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin: A genome-wide association study of plasma carotenoids PKD1L2/BCO1区域的基因变异与β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和玉米黄质有关：血浆类胡萝卜素的全基因组关联研究

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.008

Joseph Jamnik , Sara Mahdavi , Ahmed El-Sohemy

Carotenoid consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of several chronic diseases. Inter-individual genetic variation may explain some of the observed differences in plasma carotenoid concentrations between individuals. Identifying genetic variants associated with circulating carotenoids in young adults may help identify individuals at increased risk for developing conditions associated with low carotenoids later in life. We hypothesize that common genetic variants are associated with circulating carotenoid concentrations in a population of young adults. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) on plasma carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin) was conducted in Caucasians (n = 393) from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Replication cohorts included individuals of Caucasian (n = 193), East Asian (n = 436) and South Asian (n = 135) ethnicity. Linear regression adjusted for age, sex, BMI, total serum cholesterol, dietary carotenoid intake and population structure were used to identify associations between genetic variants and plasma carotenoids. Associations that met the threshold for genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10^-8) in unadjusted and partially adjusted models were not observed in the replication cohorts. No variants achieved genome-wide significance in fully adjusted models. Previously identified associations between variation in the PKD1L2/BCO1 region and β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin were replicated in the GWAS cohort (p < .05). Established variation in the PKD1L2/BCO1 region is associated with plasma carotenoids. These variants may help to identify individuals who require greater amounts of these antioxidants and to provide precision nutrition recommendations for optimal intake of various carotenoids.

类胡萝卜素的摄入与多种慢性疾病风险的降低有关。个体间的遗传变异可能是血浆类胡萝卜素浓度在个体间存在差异的部分原因。确定与青壮年循环中类胡萝卜素相关的基因变异，可能有助于确定日后患上与类胡萝卜素过低相关疾病的风险增加的个体。我们假设常见的基因变异与青壮年人群中循环类胡萝卜素浓度有关。我们对多伦多营养基因组学与健康研究中的白种人（n = 393）进行了血浆类胡萝卜素（α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄素、叶黄素和玉米黄质）全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。复制队列包括白种人（n = 193）、东亚人（n = 436）和南亚人（n = 135）。采用线性回归法对年龄、性别、体重指数、血清总胆固醇、膳食类胡萝卜素摄入量和人口结构进行调整，以确定基因变异与血浆类胡萝卜素之间的关联。在未调整和部分调整的模型中，达到全基因组显著性阈值（p < 5 × 10-8）的关联在复制队列中没有观察到。在完全调整模型中，没有变异达到全基因组显著性。之前确定的 PKD1L2/BCO1 区域变异与 β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和玉米黄质之间的关联在 GWAS 队列中得到了重复（p < .05）。PKD1L2/BCO1区域的既定变异与血浆类胡萝卜素有关。这些变异可能有助于确定哪些人需要更多的抗氧化剂，并为各种类胡萝卜素的最佳摄入量提供精确的营养建议。

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引用次数: 0

Absorption, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective impacts of a novel fasting mimetic containing spermidine, nicotinamide, palmitoylethanolamide, and oleoylethanolamide: A pilot dose-escalation study in healthy young adult men 一种含有亚精胺、烟酰胺、棕榈酰乙醇酰胺和油酰乙醇酰胺的新型空腹模拟物的吸收、抗炎、抗氧化和心脏保护作用：一项针对健康年轻成年男性的试验性剂量递增研究。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.006

Christopher H. Rhodes , Brian V. Hong , Xinyu Tang , Cheng-Yu Weng , Jea Woo Kang , Joanne K. Agus , Carlito B. Lebrilla , Angela M. Zivkovic

This pilot dose-escalation study evaluated the absorption and metabolism of a novel fasting mimetic formulation containing spermidine, nicotinamide, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) taken as oral supplements in young adults. Five healthy men consumed a standardized breakfast, followed by control (wheat flour) or low, medium, or high doses of supplements containing spermidine, nicotinamide, PEA, and OEA 2 hours later. Blood was drawn at 0, 1, 2, and 4 hours after the supplement (2, 3, 4, and 6 hours postprandial). Plasma concentrations of spermidine, 1-methylnicotinamide, PEA and OEA were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha and production of reactive oxygen species by stimulated macrophages incubated with plasma, and cholesterol efflux capacity of plasma were analyzed. Plasma 1-methylnicotinamide, PEA, and OEA concentrations increased after supplement intake (P < .05). Spermidine concentrations decreased in the control arm (P < .05) but not the supplement arms. Net incremental area under the curve for tumor necrosis factor alpha and reactive oxygen species in stimulated macrophages decreased when incubated with plasma following supplement intake (P < .05). Intake of the combined supplements showed they were bioavailable and increased in plasma in a dose-dependent manner and provide preliminary data showing enhanced plasma anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions.

This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05017428).

这项剂量递增试验研究评估了年轻成年人口服含有亚精胺、烟酰胺、棕榈油醇酰胺（PEA）和油醇酰胺（OEA）的新型空腹模拟制剂的吸收和代谢情况。五名健康男性先吃一顿标准化早餐，2 小时后再吃对照组（小麦粉）或低、中、高剂量的含亚精胺、烟酰胺、PEA 和 OEA 的补充剂。在服用补充剂后的 0、1、2 和 4 小时（餐后 2、3、4 和 6 小时）抽取血液。采用液相色谱-质谱法对血浆中的亚精胺、1-甲基烟酰胺、PEA 和 OEA 的浓度进行定量。分析了与血浆一起培养的受刺激巨噬细胞分泌的肿瘤坏死因子α和产生的活性氧，以及血浆的胆固醇外流能力。摄入补充剂后，血浆中 1-甲基烟酰胺、PEA 和 OEA 的浓度增加（P < .05）。对照组的精胺浓度下降（P < .05），但补充剂组没有下降。摄入补充剂后，与血浆一起培养时，受刺激巨噬细胞中肿瘤坏死因子α和活性氧的曲线下净增量面积下降（P < .05）。综合营养补充剂的摄入量表明，它们具有生物可利用性，并以剂量依赖的方式在血浆中增加，提供的初步数据显示，血浆抗炎和抗氧化功能增强。该试验已在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册（NCT05017428）。

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