Nutrition Research最新文献_第5页

Dietary Inflammatory Index is associated with periodontitis risk in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus 膳食炎症指数与妊娠糖尿病孕妇患牙周炎的风险有关。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.001

Ru-Lin Liu , Xiao-Qian Chen , Jing Liu , Qing-Xiang Zheng , Xiu-Min Jiang , Jia-Ning Li , Ling Huang , Yu Zhu

Recent studies suggest a link between periodontitis and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). We hypothesize that a more proinflammatory diet is associated with periodontitis risk in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to explore the association between DII scores and periodontitis risk in GDM women. In this cross-sectional study, 302 eligible GDM women from a Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled between February and July 2023. DII scores were calculated based on dietary intake data collected using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Periodontal health was assessed through periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs) for periodontitis risk across DII tertiles. Our study found that the prevalence of periodontitis across the DII tertiles 1, 2, and 3 was 34.7%, 56.4%, and 54.0%, respectively. Comparing the highest DII tertile (tertile 3) with the lowest (tertile 1), a significant association was found between higher DII scores and periodontitis risk (univariate OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.90; P = .006), which remained significant in the fully adjusted model (adjusted OR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.21, 4.37; P = .011). In conclusion, elevated DII scores are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis, underscoring the crucial role of a proinflammatory diet in periodontitis progression. Future well-designed experimental studies are needed to verify if tailored dietary strategies can effectively reduce periodontitis risk among pregnant women with GDM.

最近的研究表明，牙周炎与膳食炎症指数（DII）之间存在联系。我们假设，妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）孕妇的膳食中含有更多的促炎症饮食与牙周炎风险有关。本研究旨在探讨妊娠糖尿病孕妇的 DII 评分与牙周炎风险之间的关系。在这项横断面研究中，302 名符合条件的 GDM 孕妇于 2023 年 2 月至 7 月期间在一家妇幼保健医院进行了登记。DII 评分是根据使用有效的半定量食物频率问卷收集的饮食摄入数据计算得出的。牙周健康通过牙周参数（包括探诊出血、探诊深度和临床附着丧失）进行评估。我们采用逻辑回归模型来评估不同 DII 百分位数的牙周炎风险几率比 (OR)。我们的研究发现，DII 1、2 和 3 分层的牙周炎患病率分别为 34.7%、56.4% 和 54.0%。将最高 DII 三分层（三分层 3）与最低 DII 三分层（三分层 1）进行比较，发现较高的 DII 分数与牙周炎风险之间存在显著关联（单变量 OR：2.21；95% CI：1.25，3.90；P = .006），在完全调整模型中仍然显著（调整 OR：2.30；95% CI：1.21，4.37；P = .011）。总之，DII 评分的升高与牙周炎风险的增加有关，强调了促炎性饮食在牙周炎进展中的关键作用。未来需要进行设计良好的实验研究，以验证量身定制的饮食策略能否有效降低 GDM 孕妇患牙周炎的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Altered intestinal microbiota induced by high-fat diets affect cognition differently in mice 高脂饮食引起的肠道微生物群变化对小鼠认知能力的影响各不相同

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.019

Yinan Hua , Cui Zhou , Rong Fan , Sara Benazzouz , Jingyi Shen , Rong Xiao , Weiwei Ma

The role of the gut microbiota in the association between high-fat diet and cognition is not clear. We hypothesized that a high-fat diet may influence cognition by altering the intestinal microbiota. Fecal microbiota isolated from male C57BL/6J mice feeding on various high-fat diets and a control basic diet were transplanted to antibiotic-treated recipient mice. The measurement of weight and plasma lipids, novel object recognition test, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of feces, and hematoxylin-eosin staining of the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 and cornu ammonis 3 areas were performed for all mice. Compared with those in the control and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) groups, donor obese mice fed with diets high in long-chain saturated fatty acids, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs), and trans fatty acids exhibited significant cognitive impairment (all P < .05). There were fewer neurons in the hippocampal area in the n-6 PUFA group than in the n-3 PUFA group (P < .05). Similar effect on cognition and neurons in hippocampal area in corresponding recipient mice were revealed after fecal microbiota transplantation. In addition, the composition of intestinal microbiota differed among recipient mice after fecal microbiota transplantation from donor mice. According to these results, it was concluded that diets rich in long-chain saturated fatty acids, n-6 PUFAs, and trans fatty acids may lead to cognitive impairment by damaging the structure of the hippocampus through influencing the intestinal microbiota in mice, whereas a diet high in n-3 PUFAs may exhibit a beneficial effect.

肠道微生物群在高脂饮食与认知之间的关系中的作用尚不清楚。我们假设高脂饮食可能会通过改变肠道微生物群来影响认知。我们将从摄入各种高脂饮食和对照基本饮食的雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠体内分离出的粪便微生物群移植到经过抗生素处理的受体小鼠体内。对所有小鼠进行了体重和血浆脂质测量、新物体识别测试、粪便 16S rRNA 基因测序以及海马粟粒 1 区和粟粒 3 区苏木精-伊红染色。与对照组和 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）组相比，以高长链饱和脂肪酸、n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-6 PUFA）和反式脂肪酸饮食喂养的供体肥胖小鼠表现出明显的认知障碍（所有 P 均为 0.05）。与 n-3 PUFA 组相比，n-6 PUFA 组海马区的神经元数量更少（P < .05）。粪便微生物群移植对相应受体小鼠的认知能力和海马区神经元也有类似影响。此外，从供体小鼠移植粪便微生物群后，受体小鼠肠道微生物群的组成也有所不同。根据这些结果，可以得出结论：富含长链饱和脂肪酸、n-6 PUFAs 和反式脂肪酸的饮食可能会通过影响小鼠的肠道微生物群来破坏海马的结构，从而导致认知障碍，而富含 n-3 PUFAs 的饮食则可能会产生有益的影响。

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引用次数: 0

David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫-克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00137-4

引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members 编辑部和董事会成员

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00136-2

引用次数: 0

Increasing particle size of oat flours decreases postprandial glycemia and increases appetite in healthy adults 增大燕麦粉的粒度可降低健康成年人的餐后血糖值并增加食欲

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.006

Corrina Zi Chen Zhou , G. Harvey Anderson , Wenxuan Fan , Shirley Vien , Yongfeng Ai , Mehmet Tulbek , Hrvoje Fabek

Consumption of oats is associated with lowered risks of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, many oat-based products (e.g., breakfast cereals) use finely milled flours but are associated with health claims based on oats of larger particle sizes. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that increasing oat flour particle size will result in lower postprandial glycemia and appetite. Using a randomized-controlled, crossover design, 20 participants (10 males, 10 females; age: 25.3 ± 1.0 years; body mass index: 23.2 ± 0.6 kg/m²) consumed a serving of porridge made using 40 g of coarse (675.7 ± 19.6 µm), whole (443.3 ± 36.2 µm), fine (96.0 ± 2.1 µm), or a commercial (375.9 ± 14.8 µm) oat flour unmatched in available carbohydrate, protein, and dietary fiber content. After a 12-hour overnight fast, blood glucose, insulin, and appetite were measured at 15 to 30-minute intervals over 120 minutes posttreatment consumption. Coarse and whole flours led to lower blood glucose between 30 and 60 minutes (P < .02). Blood glucose area under the curve (AUC) was lower after coarse than fine and commercial oat flours (P < 0.03), and after whole than fine oat flour (P < .002). Both coarse and whole oat flours resulted in lower insulin AUC than finer flours (P < .05). Appetite AUC was lower after the commercial than coarse flour (P < .007). Controlling milling to produce coarser oat flour to add to common foods may have health benefits. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05291351).

食用燕麦可降低罹患 2 型糖尿病和肥胖症的风险。然而，许多燕麦类产品（如早餐谷物食品）使用的是精细研磨的面粉，但却与基于较大粒径燕麦的健康声明有关。本研究的目的是验证增加燕麦粉颗粒大小会降低餐后血糖和食欲的假设。采用随机对照交叉设计，20 名参与者（男性 10 人，女性 10 人；年龄：25.3 ± 1.0 岁；体重指数：23.2 ± 0.6 千克）参加了这项研究：20 名参与者（10 名男性，10 名女性；年龄：25.3 ± 1.0 岁；体重指数：23.2 ± 0.6 kg/m2）食用了一份由 40 克粗燕麦粉（675.7 ± 19.6 µm）、全燕麦粉（443.3 ± 36.2 µm）、细燕麦粉（96.0 ± 2.1 µm）或商用燕麦粉（375.9 ± 14.8 µm）制成的粥。隔夜禁食 12 小时后，在处理后 120 分钟内，每隔 15 至 30 分钟测量一次血糖、胰岛素和食欲。粗面粉和全面粉可使 30 至 60 分钟内的血糖降低（P < .02）。食用粗燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（AUC）低于食用细燕麦粉和商用燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（P < 0.03），食用全燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（AUC）低于食用细燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（P < .002）。粗制燕麦粉和全脂燕麦粉的胰岛素 AUC 均低于细制燕麦粉（P < .05）。食用商品面粉后，食欲 AUC 低于粗面粉（P < .007）。控制研磨，生产出更粗的燕麦粉添加到普通食品中可能对健康有益。本研究已在 ClinicalTrials.gov 注册（NCT05291351）。

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引用次数: 0

Gut microbiota and inflammation analyses reveal the protective effect of medium-chain triglycerides combined with docosahexaenoic acid on cognitive function in APP/PS1 and SAMP8 mice 肠道微生物群和炎症分析揭示了中链甘油三酯与二十二碳六烯酸结合对APP/PS1和SAMP8小鼠认知功能的保护作用。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.015

Zehao Wang , Yue Sun , Dalong Zhang , Yue Wang , Dezheng Zhou , Wen Li , Jing Yan , Yongjie Chen , Suhui Luo , Zhiyong Qian , Zhenshu Li , Guowei Huang

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) positively affect cognitive function. However, it remains unclear whether the improvement is related to the alterations of gut microbiota and inflammation and the impact of the combined intervention. In this study, we hypothesized that the supplementation of MCTs combined with DHA could modulate gut microbiota, inflammation, and improve cognitive function in APPswe/PS1De9 model mice and senescence-accelerated mouse-prone-8, which are two different mouse models used in neurodegeneration research. The mice were divided into four groups: Control group, MCTs group, DHA group, and MCTs + DHA group. The study assessed cognitive function, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. The results showed that supplementation of MCTs + DHA improved spatial learning ability, memory capacity, exploratory behavior; decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria; reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes; decreased the concentrations of serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, while increasing the concentration of IL-10. Furthermore, supplementation with MCTs + DHA exhibited significantly superior effects compared to MCTs or DHA alone in reducing inflammation, optimizing gut microbiota composition, and improving cognitive function. In conclusion, supplementation with MCTs + DHA improved cognition function, accompanied with favorable alterations in gut microbiota and inflammation in APPswe/PS1De9 and senescence-accelerated mouse-prone-8 mice.

越来越多的证据表明，中链甘油三酯（MCTs）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）对认知功能有积极影响。然而，目前仍不清楚这种改善是否与肠道微生物群和炎症的改变有关，也不清楚联合干预的影响。在这项研究中，我们假设补充 MCTs 和 DHA 可以调节肠道微生物群、炎症，并改善 APPswe/PS1De9 模型小鼠和衰老加速小鼠-prone-8（这是两种用于神经退行性病变研究的不同小鼠模型）的认知功能。小鼠被分为四组：对照组、MCTs 组、DHA 组和 MCTs + DHA 组。研究评估了认知功能、炎症细胞因子和肠道微生物群组成。结果显示，补充 MCTs + DHA 改善了空间学习能力、记忆能力和探索行为；降低了变形菌的相对丰度；降低了固醇菌/类杆菌的比例；降低了血清白细胞介素（IL）-2、IL-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、肿瘤坏死因子-α的浓度，同时增加了 IL-10 的浓度。此外，补充 MCTs + DHA 与单独补充 MCTs 或 DHA 相比，在减少炎症、优化肠道微生物群组成和改善认知功能方面具有明显优势。总之，补充 MCTs + DHA 改善了 APPswe/PS1De9 和衰老加速小鼠-prone-8 小鼠的认知功能，同时肠道微生物群和炎症也发生了有利的改变。

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引用次数: 0

High dietary antioxidant index associated with reduced insulin resistance in female Mexican children and adolescents 高膳食抗氧化指数与降低墨西哥女性儿童和青少年的胰岛素抵抗有关。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.016

Rogelio F. Jiménez-Ortega , Joacim Meneses-León , Sonia Hernández , Priscila Thebar-Moreno , Diana I. Aparicio-Bautista , Adriana Becerra-Cervera , Carlos Aguilar-Salinas , Jorge Salmerón , Berenice Rivera-Paredez , Rafael Velázquez-Cruz

Antioxidant intake is inversely associated with different health outcomes; however, its association with insulin resistance (IR) has not been well documented. We hypothesized that the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) is inversely associated with IR in Mexican children and adolescents. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the Health Workers Cohort Study. A total of 830 children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years were enrolled. The DAI was evaluated in three categories defined by tertiles using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. IR was defined using previously reported cutoff points in the homeostasis model assessment. This association was evaluated using a multiple logistic regression model. Stratified analysis was performed using body mass index and sex. The prevalence of IR based on the DAI categories (low, medium, high) was 23.8%, 24.2%, and 15.3%, respectively. The IR odds ratio (OR) for participants in the highest DAI category was 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30-0.80). Notably, female Children and Adolescents in the highest DAI category had significantly lower odds of developing IR than those in the lowest DAI category (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.29-0.98). Participants with overweight/obesity showed a similar association (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.18-0.76). These results suggest that the DAI is inversely associated with IR, particularly in females, highlighting the potential role of antioxidants in preventing IR. This underscores the need to establish recommendations for antioxidant consumption in female children and adolescents.

抗氧化剂的摄入量与不同的健康结果成反比；然而，其与胰岛素抵抗（IR）的关系还没有得到很好的记录。我们假设膳食抗氧化剂指数（DAI）与墨西哥儿童和青少年的胰岛素抵抗成反比关系。我们利用卫生工作者队列研究（Health Workers Cohort Study）的数据进行了横断面分析。研究共招募了 830 名 7 至 18 岁的儿童和青少年。使用半定量食物频率问卷对DAI进行了评估，分为三个等级。IR的定义采用了之前报道的平衡模型评估的临界点。使用多元逻辑回归模型对这种关联进行了评估。根据体重指数和性别进行了分层分析。基于 DAI 类别（低、中、高）的 IR 患病率分别为 23.8%、24.2% 和 15.3%。DAI值最高的参与者的IR几率比（OR）为0.49（95%置信区间[CI]：0.30-0.80）。值得注意的是，DAI值最高的女性儿童和青少年患IR的几率明显低于DAI值最低的儿童和青少年（OR 0.54，95% CI 0.29-0.98）。超重/肥胖的参与者也有类似的关联（OR 0.37，95% CI 0.18-0.76）。这些结果表明，DAI与IR成反比关系，尤其是在女性中，突出了抗氧化剂在预防IR中的潜在作用。这凸显了为女性儿童和青少年制定抗氧化剂消费建议的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Improved metabolic stability in iNOS knockout mice with Lactobacillus supplementation 补充乳酸菌可改善 iNOS 基因敲除小鼠的代谢稳定性。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.018

Hobby Aggarwal , Jyoti Gautam , Sonu Kumar Gupta , Bhabatosh Das , Yashwant Kumar , Kumaravelu Jagavelu , Madhu Dikshit

Oxidative and nitrosative stress play pivotal roles in normal physiological processes and the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. Previous studies from our lab demonstrated insulin resistance (IR), and dyslipidemia in iNOS^−/− mice, emphasizing the importance of maintaining optimal redox balance. These mice exhibited altered gut microbiota with decreased Lactobacillus. Therefore, we hypothesized that Lactobacillus supplementation could mitigate metabolic disturbances in iNOS^−/− mice. To test this hypothesis, iNOS^−/− mice and wild-type (WT) mice were divided into four groups: iNOS^−/- with or without Lactobacillus supplementation, WT with or without Lactobacillus supplementation and glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, gluconeogenesis, lipids, gene expression related to glucose and lipid metabolism (qPCR), fecal gut microbiota (16S rRNA sequencing), and serum and caecum metabolomics (LC-MS) were monitored. IR and dyslipidemic iNOS^−/− mice exhibited reduced microbial diversity, diminished presence of Lactobacillus, and altered serum metabolites, indicating metabolic dysregulation. Lactobacillus supplementation in iNOS^−/− mice effectively reversed glucose intolerance, IR, dyslipidemia, and associated metabolic irregularities compared to WT. These improvements correlated with changes in gene expression related to fatty acid synthesis in liver and adipose tissue, lipid oxidation in liver, and lipid efflux in intestinal tissue as compared to untreated iNOS^−/− mice. Despite the positive effects on metabolic markers, Lactobacillus supplementation did not reduce body weight or rectify disrupted energy balance, as evidenced by reduced VCO₂ production, heat generation, and metabolic rates in iNOS^−/− mice. The results suggest that Lactobacillus supplementation ameliorates metabolic disturbances but did not fully restore disrupted energy balance, highlighting complex interactions between the gut microbiome and metabolism.

氧化应激和亚硝基应激在正常生理过程和代谢紊乱的发病机制中起着关键作用。我们实验室以前的研究表明，iNOS-/-小鼠存在胰岛素抵抗（IR）和血脂异常，这强调了维持最佳氧化还原平衡的重要性。这些小鼠的肠道微生物群发生了改变，乳酸杆菌减少。因此，我们假设补充乳酸菌可以缓解 iNOS-/- 小鼠的代谢紊乱。为了验证这一假设，我们将 iNOS-/- 小鼠和野生型（WT）小鼠分为四组：补充或不补充乳酸杆菌的 iNOS-/- 小鼠组、补充或不补充乳酸杆菌的 WT 小鼠组，并监测糖耐量、胰岛素抵抗、糖代谢、血脂、与糖和脂代谢相关的基因表达（qPCR）、粪便肠道微生物群（16S rRNA 测序）以及血清和盲肠代谢组学（LC-MS）。红外和血脂异常 iNOS-/- 小鼠表现出微生物多样性降低、乳酸杆菌减少和血清代谢物改变，表明代谢失调。与 WT 小鼠相比，在 iNOS-/- 小鼠体内补充乳酸菌可有效逆转葡萄糖耐受不良、红外热、血脂异常以及相关的代谢异常。与未经治疗的 iNOS-/- 小鼠相比，这些改善与肝脏和脂肪组织中脂肪酸合成、肝脏中脂质氧化和肠道组织中脂质外流相关基因表达的变化有关。尽管乳酸菌对代谢指标有积极影响，但补充乳酸菌并不能减轻体重或纠正能量平衡失调，这体现在 iNOS-/- 小鼠的 VCO2 产生量、发热量和代谢率降低。研究结果表明，补充乳酸菌可改善代谢紊乱，但并不能完全恢复被破坏的能量平衡，这凸显了肠道微生物组与代谢之间复杂的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Urinary metals are associated with obesity in U.S. children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study 尿液中的金属与美国儿童和青少年肥胖有关：一项横断面研究。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.017

Xinyun Zhou, Hongliang Jin, Yan Zhang

Heavy metals are pervasive in the environment, and exposure to these metals may contribute to obesity in children and adolescents. We hypothesized that metal exposures are associated with obesity in children and adolescents. Data were drawn from children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years from the 2007 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We employed weighted multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline to explore the effects of individual metal exposures on obesity, and weighted quantile sum regression, quantile g-computed regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression to explore the effects of mixed metal exposures on obesity. Subgroup analyses by gender were also performed. All models were adjusted for age, gender, race, poverty to income ratio, and serum cotinine. Among the 3,650 children and adolescents studied, 21.04% had obesity. Logistic regression revealed positive associations between barium (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07-1.40) and thallium (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.23-2.15) with obesity, while cadmium (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.89), cobalt (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.41-0.62), and lead (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57-0.86) were negatively associated with obesity. Restricted cubic spline indicated a nonlinear relationship between lead and thallium and obesity. Quantile g-computed regression demonstrated that mixed metal exposure was negatively associated with obesity (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.42-0.59). Subgroup analyses revealed a gender-specific effect for mercury (P for interaction = 0.03), which was negatively associated with obesity in females (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69-0.99). In conclusion, metal exposures are associated with obesity in children and adolescents, with gender differences.

重金属普遍存在于环境中，接触这些金属可能会导致儿童和青少年肥胖。我们假设金属暴露与儿童和青少年肥胖有关。数据来自 2007 年至 2018 年全国健康与营养调查中 6 至 19 岁的儿童和青少年。我们采用加权多元逻辑回归和受限立方样条法来探讨单个金属暴露对肥胖的影响，并采用加权量子和回归、量子 g 计算回归和贝叶斯核机回归来探讨混合金属暴露对肥胖的影响。此外，还按性别进行了分组分析。所有模型均根据年龄、性别、种族、贫困与收入比率和血清可替宁进行了调整。在接受研究的 3,650 名儿童和青少年中，21.04% 患有肥胖症。逻辑回归显示，钡（OR = 1.23，95% CI：1.07-1.40）和铊（OR = 1.55，95% CI：1.23-2.15）与肥胖呈正相关，而镉（OR = 0.74，95% CI：0.61-0.89）、钴（OR = 0.51，95% CI：0.41-0.62）和铅（OR = 0.70，95% CI：0.57-0.86）与肥胖呈负相关。限制立方样条曲线显示，铅和铊与肥胖之间存在非线性关系。量子 g 计算回归表明，混合金属暴露与肥胖呈负相关（OR = 0.50，95% CI：0.42-0.59）。分组分析显示，汞具有性别特异性效应（交互作用 P = 0.03），与女性肥胖呈负相关（OR = 0.83，95% CI：0.69-0.99）。总之，金属暴露与儿童和青少年肥胖有关，且存在性别差异。

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引用次数: 0

Higher sweet beverage consumption was associated with increased gestational weight gain and birth weight: A Chinese cohort study 甜饮料消费量增加与妊娠体重增加和出生体重增加有关：一项中国队列研究

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.013

Shuang Zhang, Cuiping Zhang, Jia Guo, Baojuan Li, Weiqin Li, Jinnan Liu, Lingyan Feng, Peng Wang

Diet during pregnancy is crucial to maternal metabolism and fetal development, so exploring the most potent food risk factor could improve maternal and child health. In this study, we investigated the diet and lifestyle of 833 healthy pregnant women in the second trimester from November 2020 to August 2021. Based on the Tianjin Antenatal Care System in China, we followed up with these women and recorded their gestational weight gain (GWG) and newborn birth weight. We conducted a dietary survey through FFQ based on the food groups recommended by the Chinese Dietary Guidelines and included common ultra-processed foods. We collected 219 semi-quantitative FFQs and 614 self-reported FFQs for analysis. According to the consumption frequency of 12 food groups, 4 dietary patterns were extracted by principal component analysis. We analyzed the associations of food energy, consumption frequency, and dietary patterns with GWG and birth weight, especially GWG in the first and second trimesters (f-GWG). The results showed that f-GWG was positively correlated with food energy. Beverage consumption was associated with f-GWG (r = 0.288, P = .026) in obese pregnant women. A dietary pattern that favors high consumption of ultra-processed foods (fried foods, baked desserts, and sweet beverages) was associated with increased GWGs. Non-obesity women with high consumption of baked desserts and sweet beverages had higher GWGs (P < .05). After adjusting for confounding factors (including total energy, physical activity, and sleep quality), only sweet beverage consumption was associated with f-GWG (β 0.498, 95%CI 0.153-0.843) and birth weight (β 0.124, 95%CI 0.009-0.240). Sweet beverage consumption is a key adjustable risk factor for prenatal care.

孕期饮食对母体的新陈代谢和胎儿的发育至关重要，因此，探索最有效的食物风险因素可以改善母婴健康。在这项研究中，我们调查了 833 名健康孕妇在 2020 年 11 月至 2021 年 8 月期间的后三个月的饮食和生活方式。在中国天津产前保健系统的基础上，我们对这些孕妇进行了随访，并记录了她们的妊娠体重增加（GWG）和新生儿出生体重。我们根据《中国居民膳食指南》推荐的食物类别进行了膳食调查，其中包括常见的超加工食品。我们收集了 219 份半定量 FFQ 和 614 份自报 FFQ 进行分析。根据 12 种食物的摄入频率，通过主成分分析提取出 4 种膳食模式。我们分析了食物能量、摄入频率和膳食模式与体重指数和出生体重的关系，尤其是妊娠头三个月和后三个月的体重指数（f-GWG）。结果显示，f-GWG 与食物能量呈正相关。肥胖孕妇的饮料消耗量与 f-GWG 相关（r = 0.288，P = .026）。偏爱大量食用超加工食品（油炸食品、烘焙甜点和甜饮料）的饮食模式与 GWG 的增加有关。大量食用烘焙甜点和甜饮料的非肥胖妇女的总血糖值更高（P < .05）。在对混杂因素（包括总能量、体力活动和睡眠质量）进行调整后，只有甜饮料消费与 f-GWG （β 0.498，95%CI 0.153-0.843）和出生体重（β 0.124，95%CI 0.009-0.240）相关。饮用甜饮料是产前护理的一个关键可调整风险因素。

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引用次数: 0