Nutrition Research最新文献_第3页

David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫·克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00014-X

引用次数: 0

Feasibility of a randomized clinical trial comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folic acid prenatal multivitamins in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss 一项比较5-甲基四氢叶酸和叶酸产前复合维生素在复发性流产夫妇中的可行性的随机临床试验

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.008

Carolyn Ledowsky , Vanessa Scarf , Kris Rogers , Amie Steel

To assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) and folic acid (FA) in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss. Pregnancy loss affects up to 15% of pregnancies, with over half of cases remaining unexplained. Emerging evidence suggests that folate metabolism, particularly in individuals carrying methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms such as C677T and A1298C variants, may influence reproductive outcomes. A double-blind, RCT feasibility trial was conducted in Australia with 22 reproductive dyads randomized to receive either 5-MTHF or FA prenatal multivitamins. Participants adhered to dietary restrictions, abstained from conception for two cycles, and completed regular assessments. Primary outcomes included feasibility, adherence, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy based on biochemical markers and pregnancy outcomes. The trial demonstrated high acceptability (86% in arm A [MTHF-A] and 94% in arm B [FA-B]) and adherence rates for supplement use over 78% in each arm. Unmetabolized FA concentration decreased in the 5-MTHF group but rose significantly in the FA group. A critical finding was the degradation of 5-MTHF in retained samples, highlighting formulation instability as a confounder. A fully online RCT comparing 5-MTHF and FA is feasible. Future trials should address formulation stability and expand sample size to evaluate clinical efficacy and personalized folate strategies.

评估一项比较5-甲基四氢叶酸（5-MTHF）和叶酸（FA）在复发性流产夫妇中的可行性的随机对照试验（RCT）。妊娠丢失影响到多达15%的妊娠，超过一半的病例仍然无法解释。新出现的证据表明，叶酸代谢，特别是携带亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶多态性（如C677T和A1298C变体）的个体，可能影响生殖结果。在澳大利亚进行了一项双盲，随机对照试验可行性试验，22对生殖双体随机接受5-MTHF或FA产前复合维生素。参与者坚持饮食限制，避免怀孕两个周期，并完成定期评估。主要结局包括可行性、依从性、可接受性和基于生化指标和妊娠结局的初步疗效。该试验显示出较高的可接受性（A组86% [MTHF-A]， B组94% [FA-B]），两组补充剂使用的依从率均超过78%。5-MTHF组未代谢FA浓度降低，FA组显著升高。一个关键的发现是保留样品中5-MTHF的降解，突出了配方不稳定性作为一个混杂因素。比较5-MTHF和FA的完全在线RCT是可行的。未来的试验应解决配方稳定性和扩大样本量，以评估临床疗效和个性化叶酸策略。

{"title":"Feasibility of a randomized clinical trial comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folic acid prenatal multivitamins in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss","authors":"Carolyn Ledowsky , Vanessa Scarf , Kris Rogers , Amie Steel","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) and folic acid (FA) in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss. Pregnancy loss affects up to 15% of pregnancies, with over half of cases remaining unexplained. Emerging evidence suggests that folate metabolism, particularly in individuals carrying methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms such as C677T and A1298C variants, may influence reproductive outcomes. A double-blind, RCT feasibility trial was conducted in Australia with 22 reproductive dyads randomized to receive either 5-MTHF or FA prenatal multivitamins. Participants adhered to dietary restrictions, abstained from conception for two cycles, and completed regular assessments. Primary outcomes included feasibility, adherence, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy based on biochemical markers and pregnancy outcomes. The trial demonstrated high acceptability (86% in arm A [MTHF-A] and 94% in arm B [FA-B]) and adherence rates for supplement use over 78% in each arm. Unmetabolized FA concentration decreased in the 5-MTHF group but rose significantly in the FA group. A critical finding was the degradation of 5-MTHF in retained samples, highlighting formulation instability as a confounder. A fully online RCT comparing 5-MTHF and FA is feasible. Future trials should address formulation stability and expand sample size to evaluate clinical efficacy and personalized folate strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 68-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI in nutrition: multi-criteria analysis of diet plans across diverse client profiles 营养中的人工智能：对不同客户的饮食计划进行多标准分析

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.006

Adem Erik , Sakhi Mohammad Hamidy , Hilal Karamancıoğlu , Büşra Nur Küçük Kırtıklı

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has resulted in the proliferation of novel applications in various fields, including nutrition. One of the most notable applications involves AI-generated and guided diet plans. The present study evaluates diet plans generated by various AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, DeepSeek, etc.) for individuals with different health profiles using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. A series of authentic client scenarios were formulated on the basis of anonymized clinical cases that had been provided by a registered dietitian. These scenarios incorporated medical history, lifestyle habits, dietary patterns, and other relevant factors. For each client's profile, a set of standardized prompts were submitted to different AI tools to generate comparable diet plans. The resulting diet plans were evaluated based on several main and sub-criteria, including appropriateness, feasibility, nutritional adequacy, degree of personalization, ethical compliance, reproducibility, and linguistic clarity. The evaluation employed MCDM methods, namely LBWA for weighting, COPRAS, and PROMETHEE-I/II for ranking. The findings indicate that GPTPLUS demonstrated the highest overall ranking; DeepSeek exhibited consistent second-tier performance; and mid-tier models (GPT-4.0, GPT-4.5, Grook3) exchanged positions depending on the scenario and method. The results at the criterion level were found to be aligned with clinical priorities. Moreover, Claude's refusal to formulate a dietary plan for a client under the age of 18 indicates a paucity of standardized ethical guidelines governing the utilization of AI tools. The findings emphasize the potential of AI as a supportive tool in healthcare services, while concurrently addressing ethical considerations and practical limitations.

人工智能（AI）技术的进步导致了包括营养在内的各个领域的新应用激增。最引人注目的应用之一是人工智能生成和指导的饮食计划。本研究使用多标准决策（MCDM）框架评估了各种人工智能工具（如ChatGPT、Gemini、DeepSeek等）为不同健康状况的个人生成的饮食计划。在注册营养师提供的匿名临床病例的基础上，制定了一系列真实的客户场景。这些情况包括病史、生活习惯、饮食模式和其他相关因素。对于每个客户的个人资料，一组标准化的提示被提交给不同的人工智能工具，以生成可比的饮食计划。根据适当性、可行性、营养充足性、个性化程度、道德遵从性、可重复性和语言清晰度等几个主要和次要标准对所得饮食计划进行评估。评价采用MCDM方法，即LBWA法加权，COPRAS法排序，promehee - i /II法排序。结果表明，GPTPLUS综合排名最高；DeepSeek表现出一致的二级性能；中级模型（GPT-4.0, GPT-4.5, grok3）根据场景和方法交换位置。在标准水平上的结果被发现与临床优先级一致。此外，克劳德拒绝为18岁以下的客户制定饮食计划，表明缺乏规范人工智能工具使用的标准化道德准则。研究结果强调了人工智能作为医疗保健服务支持工具的潜力，同时解决了伦理考虑和实际限制。

{"title":"AI in nutrition: multi-criteria analysis of diet plans across diverse client profiles","authors":"Adem Erik , Sakhi Mohammad Hamidy , Hilal Karamancıoğlu , Büşra Nur Küçük Kırtıklı","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has resulted in the proliferation of novel applications in various fields, including nutrition. One of the most notable applications involves AI-generated and guided diet plans. The present study evaluates diet plans generated by various AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, DeepSeek, etc.) for individuals with different health profiles using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. A series of authentic client scenarios were formulated on the basis of anonymized clinical cases that had been provided by a registered dietitian. These scenarios incorporated medical history, lifestyle habits, dietary patterns, and other relevant factors. For each client's profile, a set of standardized prompts were submitted to different AI tools to generate comparable diet plans. The resulting diet plans were evaluated based on several main and sub-criteria, including appropriateness, feasibility, nutritional adequacy, degree of personalization, ethical compliance, reproducibility, and linguistic clarity. The evaluation employed MCDM methods, namely LBWA for weighting, COPRAS, and PROMETHEE-I/II for ranking. The findings indicate that GPTPLUS demonstrated the highest overall ranking; DeepSeek exhibited consistent second-tier performance; and mid-tier models (GPT-4.0, GPT-4.5, Grook3) exchanged positions depending on the scenario and method. The results at the criterion level were found to be aligned with clinical priorities. Moreover, Claude's refusal to formulate a dietary plan for a client under the age of 18 indicates a paucity of standardized ethical guidelines governing the utilization of AI tools. The findings emphasize the potential of AI as a supportive tool in healthcare services, while concurrently addressing ethical considerations and practical limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 53-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-digestible glucans promote rapid recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced small intestinal villous atrophy while enhancing glucagon-like peptide-2 secretion in rats 低消化葡聚糖促进5-氟尿嘧啶诱导的大鼠小肠绒毛萎缩的快速恢复，同时增加胰高血糖素样肽-2的分泌

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.009

Rikako Nishina , Shingo Hino , Chikara Kato , Naomichi Nishimura

Small intestinal villous atrophy, a frequent complication of cancer chemotherapy, impairs nutrient absorption and worsens participant quality of life. Although the glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analog teduglutide can promote villus regeneration, its clinical application is limited. We hypothesized that dietary low-digestible glucans (LDGs) would enhance GLP-2 secretion and accelerate mucosal recovery. This study evaluated whether LDGs stimulate GLP-2 secretion and facilitate recovery from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced villous atrophy in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 5-FU to induce villous atrophy, followed by diets containing resistant maltodextrin (RMD) or isomaltodextrin as LDGs. Portal GLP-2 concentrations, small intestinal villus height, maltase activity, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations were assessed at 3 and 6 days after LDG supplementation. LDG supplementation significantly increased portal GLP-2 concentrations and accelerated recovery of villus height in the small intestine, especially in the ileum, compared with controls. Notably, villus height in the RMD group recovered within 3 days, whereas 6 days were required in controls. Both RMD and isomaltodextrin increased cecal tissue weight, and LDGs induced only a transient reduction in cecal acetate concentration. However, when 5-FU was administered concurrently, LDGs did not promote villus recovery, suggesting that their effect requires preserved epithelial proliferative capacity. In summary, LDGs promote rapid recovery of small intestinal villi after chemotherapy-induced injury, possibly through enhanced GLP-2 secretion. Dietary LDGs may offer a novel nutritional intervention to support mucosal recovery in participants undergoing cancer chemotherapy.

小肠绒毛萎缩，癌症化疗的常见并发症，损害营养吸收和恶化参与者的生活质量。胰高血糖素样肽-2 （GLP-2）类似物特杜葡肽虽能促进绒毛再生，但其临床应用有限。我们假设饮食中的低消化葡聚糖（LDGs）会促进GLP-2的分泌，加速粘膜的恢复。本研究评估LDGs是否刺激GLP-2分泌并促进5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）诱导的大鼠绒毛萎缩的恢复。雄性sd - dawley大鼠用5-FU诱导绒毛萎缩，然后用含有抗性麦芽糊精（RMD）或异麦芽糊精作为LDGs的饮食。在补充LDG后3和6天评估门脉GLP-2浓度、小肠绒毛高度、麦芽糖酶活性和盲肠短链脂肪酸浓度。与对照组相比，添加LDG显著增加了小肠门脉GLP-2浓度，加速了小肠（尤其是回肠）绒毛高度的恢复。值得注意的是，RMD组的绒毛高度在3天内恢复，而对照组则需要6天。RMD和异麦芽糖糊精均增加盲肠组织重量，而LDGs仅引起盲肠乙酸浓度的短暂降低。然而，当5-FU同时给药时，LDGs并没有促进绒毛恢复，这表明它们的作用需要保留上皮细胞的增殖能力。综上所述，LDGs可能通过增强GLP-2分泌来促进化疗损伤后小肠绒毛的快速恢复。膳食LDGs可能提供一种新的营养干预来支持接受癌症化疗的参与者的粘膜恢复。

{"title":"Low-digestible glucans promote rapid recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced small intestinal villous atrophy while enhancing glucagon-like peptide-2 secretion in rats","authors":"Rikako Nishina , Shingo Hino , Chikara Kato , Naomichi Nishimura","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small intestinal villous atrophy, a frequent complication of cancer chemotherapy, impairs nutrient absorption and worsens participant quality of life. Although the glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analog teduglutide can promote villus regeneration, its clinical application is limited. We hypothesized that dietary low-digestible glucans (LDGs) would enhance GLP-2 secretion and accelerate mucosal recovery. This study evaluated whether LDGs stimulate GLP-2 secretion and facilitate recovery from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced villous atrophy in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 5-FU to induce villous atrophy, followed by diets containing resistant maltodextrin (RMD) or isomaltodextrin as LDGs. Portal GLP-2 concentrations, small intestinal villus height, maltase activity, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations were assessed at 3 and 6 days after LDG supplementation. LDG supplementation significantly increased portal GLP-2 concentrations and accelerated recovery of villus height in the small intestine, especially in the ileum, compared with controls. Notably, villus height in the RMD group recovered within 3 days, whereas 6 days were required in controls. Both RMD and isomaltodextrin increased cecal tissue weight, and LDGs induced only a transient reduction in cecal acetate concentration. However, when 5-FU was administered concurrently, LDGs did not promote villus recovery, suggesting that their effect requires preserved epithelial proliferative capacity. In summary, LDGs promote rapid recovery of small intestinal villi after chemotherapy-induced injury, possibly through enhanced GLP-2 secretion. Dietary LDGs may offer a novel nutritional intervention to support mucosal recovery in participants undergoing cancer chemotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 82-93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moderate intake of bitter foods is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the 2011-12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 适度摄入苦味食物与2型糖尿病风险降低有关：2011-12年全国营养和体育活动调查的二次分析

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.007

Maedeh Moradi , Zinat Mohammadpour , Gilly A. Hendrie , Paige G. Brooker , Leonie K. Heilbronn , Jessica A. Grieger

The sensory properties of food are increasingly recognized for their potential role in regulating blood glucose and cardiometabolic risk factors. This cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS) aimed to examine the association between dietary bitterness and cardiometabolic risk in Australian adults aged ≥19 years. We hypothesize that higher food and beverage bitterness scores might be associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic risk factors. The study used data from 8975 participants; 225 (∼2%) of the population had type 2 diabetes. Dietary bitterness was calculated as a “bitterness score” by multiplying sensory panel–assigned bitter taste values (from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Sensory Diet Database) by the grams of each item consumed, and then summing these values separately for solid foods and for beverages within the NNPAS. Differences across dietary bitterness tertiles were assessed using analysis of variance for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between tertiles of bitterness score and cardiometabolic outcomes, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure. Participants in the second tertile, but not the highest tertile of bitterness score from foods had lower risk of type 2 diabetes, as defined by fasting plasma glucose (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.30; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.15–0.60), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (RRR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25–0.75) compared to the lowest tertile. No significant associations were observed between bitterness scores derived from beverages and cardiometabolic risk factors. Consumption of foods with a medium bitterness score was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk in Australian adults and may have potential to be included in diabetes prevention efforts.

人们越来越认识到食物的感官特性在调节血糖和心脏代谢危险因素方面的潜在作用。这项对2011-2012年全国营养和身体活动调查（NNPAS）的横断面二次分析旨在研究年龄≥19岁的澳大利亚成年人饮食苦味与心脏代谢风险之间的关系。我们假设较高的食物和饮料苦味评分可能与较低的心脏代谢风险因素相关。该研究使用了8975名参与者的数据；225人（约2%）患有2型糖尿病。通过将感官小组指定的苦味值（来自英联邦科学与工业研究组织的感官饮食数据库）乘以所消耗的每种食物的克数，然后将NNPAS中固体食物和饮料的这些值分别相加，计算出饮食苦味的“苦味分数”。使用连续变量的方差分析和分类变量的卡方检验来评估不同饮食苦味成分的差异。使用多项逻辑回归来评估苦味分位数与心脏代谢结局（包括2型糖尿病、血脂异常和血压）之间的关系。第二组的参与者，但不是食物苦味评分最高的一组，与最低一组相比，空腹血糖（相对风险比[RRR] = 0.30； 95%可信区间[CI]， 0.15-0.60）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（RRR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25-0.75）患2型糖尿病的风险较低。从饮料中获得的苦味评分与心脏代谢危险因素之间没有明显的关联。在澳大利亚成年人中，食用中等苦味的食物与患2型糖尿病的风险呈负相关，可能有可能被纳入糖尿病预防工作中。

{"title":"Moderate intake of bitter foods is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the 2011-12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey","authors":"Maedeh Moradi , Zinat Mohammadpour , Gilly A. Hendrie , Paige G. Brooker , Leonie K. Heilbronn , Jessica A. Grieger","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sensory properties of food are increasingly recognized for their potential role in regulating blood glucose and cardiometabolic risk factors. This cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS) aimed to examine the association between dietary bitterness and cardiometabolic risk in Australian adults aged ≥19 years. We hypothesize that higher food and beverage bitterness scores might be associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic risk factors. The study used data from 8975 participants; 225 (∼2%) of the population had type 2 diabetes. Dietary bitterness was calculated as a “bitterness score” by multiplying sensory panel–assigned bitter taste values (from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Sensory Diet Database) by the grams of each item consumed, and then summing these values separately for solid foods and for beverages within the NNPAS. Differences across dietary bitterness tertiles were assessed using analysis of variance for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between tertiles of bitterness score and cardiometabolic outcomes, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure. Participants in the second tertile, but not the highest tertile of bitterness score from foods had lower risk of type 2 diabetes, as defined by fasting plasma glucose (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.30; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.15–0.60), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (RRR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25–0.75) compared to the lowest tertile. No significant associations were observed between bitterness scores derived from beverages and cardiometabolic risk factors. Consumption of foods with a medium bitterness score was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk in Australian adults and may have potential to be included in diabetes prevention efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 40-52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Betaine inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and alleviated obesity-related disorders in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice by modulating gut microbiota composition 甜菜碱通过调节肠道菌群组成，抑制高脂饮食喂养的C57BL/6小鼠3T3-L1前脂肪细胞的脂肪生成，并缓解肥胖相关疾病

3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2026.02.008

Xin Li, Yanting Qin, Bingqian Zhang

引用次数: 0

Dietary vitamins A and K are inversely associated with visceral adiposity in US adults: NHANES 2011–2018 膳食维生素A和K与美国成年人内脏肥胖呈负相关：NHANES 2011-2018

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.001

Tatei Haramara Colmenares Villa , Guadalupe Ruiz-Vivanco , Leonardo M. Porchia , Enrique Torres-Rasgado , Esther López-Bayghen , M. Elba Gonzalez-Mejia

Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) poses a growing global health concern, impacting adults across all obesity classes. While some nutrients have been linked to lower abdominal fat, the broader relationship between overall nutrient intake and VAT remains unclear. This cross-sectional study examined the correlations between dietary nutrient intake and VAT area among US adults. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2018). Participants aged 18–65 years without major pathologies were included. VAT area (cm²) was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, with ≥100 cm² defined as VAT obese (VatOB). Nutrient data were derived from 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Associations between nutrient intake and VAT were evaluated using complex-sample linear regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. Among the 6526 participants (n_weighted=68,060,478), 36.5% were VatOB. Linear regression confirmed positive correlations between VAT and carbohydrate, total fat, and sodium intake. Interestingly, the less stringent LASSO model not only confirmed these correlations but also identified inverse correlations with potassium, magnesium, vitamins A, C, B₁, E, and K. However, the more stringent LASSO model found that only vitamins A and K maintained significant correlations with VAT after accounting for energy intake and macronutrient variables. In summary, VAT was positively correlated with higher intakes of carbohydrates, fat, and sodium, and inversely correlated with several micronutrients—most consistently with vitamins A and K. These results reflect nutrient–VAT associations, for which further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether nutrient intake causally influences VAT accumulation.

内脏脂肪组织（VAT）过剩是一个日益严重的全球健康问题，影响着所有肥胖类别的成年人。虽然一些营养物质与下腹部脂肪有关，但总体营养摄入与VAT之间的更广泛关系尚不清楚。这项横断面研究调查了美国成年人膳食营养摄入量与VAT面积之间的关系。数据来源于2011-2018年全国健康与营养检查调查。参与者年龄在18-65岁之间，无重大疾病。采用双能x线吸收仪测定VAT面积（cm2），≥100 cm2定义为VAT肥胖（VatOB）。营养数据来自24小时饮食回忆访谈。使用复杂样本线性回归和最小绝对收缩和选择算子（LASSO）回归来评估营养摄入量和VAT之间的关系。在6526名参与者（加权=68,060,478）中，36.5%为VatOB。线性回归证实VAT与碳水化合物、总脂肪和钠摄入量呈正相关。有趣的是，不太严格的LASSO模型不仅证实了这些相关性，还发现了钾、镁、维生素A、C、B1、E和K之间的负相关关系。然而，更严格的LASSO模型发现，在考虑了能量摄入和常量营养素变量后，只有维生素A和K与VAT保持显著相关性。总之，VAT与碳水化合物、脂肪和钠的高摄入量呈正相关，与几种微量营养素（最一致的是维生素A和k）呈负相关。这些结果反映了营养素与VAT之间的关系，因此需要进一步的纵向研究来确定营养摄入是否会影响VAT积累。

{"title":"Dietary vitamins A and K are inversely associated with visceral adiposity in US adults: NHANES 2011–2018","authors":"Tatei Haramara Colmenares Villa , Guadalupe Ruiz-Vivanco , Leonardo M. Porchia , Enrique Torres-Rasgado , Esther López-Bayghen , M. Elba Gonzalez-Mejia","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) poses a growing global health concern, impacting adults across all obesity classes. While some nutrients have been linked to lower abdominal fat, the broader relationship between overall nutrient intake and VAT remains unclear. This cross-sectional study examined the correlations between dietary nutrient intake and VAT area among US adults. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2018). Participants aged 18–65 years without major pathologies were included. VAT area (cm<sup>2</sup>) was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, with ≥100 cm<sup>2</sup> defined as VAT obese (VatOB). Nutrient data were derived from 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Associations between nutrient intake and VAT were evaluated using complex-sample linear regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. Among the 6526 participants (n<sub>weighted</sub>=68,060,478), 36.5% were VatOB. Linear regression confirmed positive correlations between VAT and carbohydrate, total fat, and sodium intake. Interestingly, the less stringent LASSO model not only confirmed these correlations but also identified inverse correlations with potassium, magnesium, vitamins A, C, B<sub>1</sub>, E, and K. However, the more stringent LASSO model found that only vitamins A and K maintained significant correlations with VAT after accounting for energy intake and macronutrient variables. In summary, VAT was positively correlated with higher intakes of carbohydrates, fat, and sodium, and inversely correlated with several micronutrients—most consistently with vitamins A and K. These results reflect nutrient–VAT associations, for which further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether nutrient intake causally influences VAT accumulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 26-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Higher dietary fish consumption is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis: A meta-analysis of observational studies 较高的饮食鱼类消费与较低的骨质疏松症风险相关：观察性研究的荟萃分析。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.013

Xujie Zhang , Yan Gao , Jing Song , Hongjuan Wang

While numerous epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between fish consumption and osteoporosis risk, findings remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis hypothesizes that higher fish intake is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Wan Fang was conducted for relevant studies published up to October 2024. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed or random effects models based on heterogeneity. Fourteen studies comprising 26,145 participants were included. The pooled OR for osteoporosis comparing the highest to lowest fish consumption levels was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.49-0.79; I² = 79.4). Among perimenopausal women, higher fish intake was associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32-0.90; I² = 83.5). Significant associations were observed in both case-control studies (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.16-0.50; I² = 0.0) and cross-sectional studies (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55-0.87; I² = 79.6%). Subgroup analysis indicated an inverse association in the lumbar and/or femoral regions (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42-0.85; I² = 85.4%) and the calcaneus region (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54-0.97; I² = 0.0%). These findings suggest that may reduce osteoporosis risk, supporting the potential role of a fish-rich diet in bone health maintenance. Further prospective and interventional studies are needed to verify the causal relationship.

虽然许多流行病学研究调查了鱼类消费与骨质疏松症风险之间的关系，但结果仍不确定。这项荟萃分析假设，较高的鱼类摄入量与较低的骨质疏松症风险有关。系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、万方等网站，检索截至2024年10月已发表的相关研究。采用基于异质性的固定或随机效应模型计算合并优势比（ORs）和95%置信区间（ci）。14项研究包括26145名参与者。骨质疏松症的合并OR比较最高和最低鱼类消费水平为0.62 （95% CI, 0.49-0.79; I²= 79.4）。在围绝经期妇女中，较高的鱼类摄入量与较低的骨质疏松症风险相关（OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32-0.90; I²= 83.5）。在两项病例对照研究（OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.16-0.50; I²= 0.0）和横断面研究（OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55-0.87; I²= 79.6%）中均观察到显著相关性。亚组分析显示腰椎和/或股骨区域（or, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42-0.85; I²= 85.4%）和跟骨区域（or, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54-0.97; I²= 0.0%）呈负相关。这些发现表明，可能会降低骨质疏松症的风险，支持富含鱼类的饮食在骨骼健康维护中的潜在作用。需要进一步的前瞻性和干预性研究来验证因果关系。

{"title":"Higher dietary fish consumption is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis: A meta-analysis of observational studies","authors":"Xujie Zhang , Yan Gao , Jing Song , Hongjuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While numerous epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between fish consumption and osteoporosis risk, findings remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis hypothesizes that higher fish intake is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Wan Fang was conducted for relevant studies published up to October 2024. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed or random effects models based on heterogeneity. Fourteen studies comprising 26,145 participants were included. The pooled OR for osteoporosis comparing the highest to lowest fish consumption levels was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.49-0.79; <em>I</em>² = 79.4). Among perimenopausal women, higher fish intake was associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32-0.90; <em>I</em>² = 83.5). Significant associations were observed in both case-control studies (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.16-0.50; <em>I</em>² = 0.0) and cross-sectional studies (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55-0.87; <em>I</em>² = 79.6%). Subgroup analysis indicated an inverse association in the lumbar and/or femoral regions (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42-0.85; <em>I</em>² = 85.4%) and the calcaneus region (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54-0.97; <em>I</em>² = 0.0%). These findings suggest that may reduce osteoporosis risk, supporting the potential role of a fish-rich diet in bone health maintenance. Further prospective and interventional studies are needed to verify the causal relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elevated C18:1-acylcarnitine is associated with a higher fibrosis-4 index through inflammation mediation: A cross-sectional study 升高的c18:1-酰基肉碱通过炎症介导与更高的纤维化-4指数相关：一项横断面研究

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.010

Han Li , Miao Li , Sijia Fei , Ting Xie , Lixin Guo , Qi Pan

As a major response to chronic hepatic injury, liver fibrosis presents a growing global health challenge. However, its association with metabolomic signatures remains unclear. In this study of 492 patients, we evaluated associations between 30 metabolites and liver fibrosis, which was assessed non-invasively using the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index. We hypothesized that metabolic changes promote fibrosis partly through inflammatory pathways. Propensity score matching, Spearman’s correlation, binary logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline analyses were employed to identify key metabolites associated with fibrosis risk. Mediation analysis further investigated inflammatory biomarkers as potential mediators. Elevated plasma glutamine [odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-1.04], log-transformed C18:1-acylcarnitine (OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.12-5.95), and betaine (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06-1.36) were strongly related to increased liver fibrosis risks, whereas lower alanine concentration (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-1.00) correlated with decreased risks. Several metabolites [specifically alanine, log-transformed C18:1-acylcarnitine, and betaine (all P overall < .05, P non-linear > .05)] showed linear dose-response relationships with fibrosis risk. Inflammatory factors, notably the neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (mediation proportion = 49.7%, P = .01), and metabolites including glutamic acid (mediation proportion = –23.4%, P = .47) and betaine (mediation proportion = 48.3%, P = .03), significantly mediated the relationship between C18:1-acylcarnitine and liver fibrosis. Our findings suggest that dysregulation of key metabolomic biomarkers may interact with inflammatory responses, thereby accelerating liver fibrosis, and underscore the modulating roles of inflammation in the progression of liver fibrosis.

作为慢性肝损伤的主要反应，肝纤维化是一个日益增长的全球健康挑战。然而，其与代谢组学特征的关系尚不清楚。在这项492例患者的研究中，我们评估了30种代谢物与肝纤维化之间的关系，使用纤维化-4 （FIB-4）指数进行了无创评估。我们假设代谢变化部分通过炎症途径促进纤维化。采用倾向评分匹配、Spearman相关、二元逻辑回归和限制性三次样条分析来确定与纤维化风险相关的关键代谢物。中介分析进一步研究炎症生物标志物作为潜在的中介。血浆谷氨酰胺升高[比值比(OR) = 1.02, 95%可信区间(CI) = 1.00-1.04]、log-转化c18:1-酰基肉碱（OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.12-5.95）和甜菜碱（OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06-1.36）与肝纤维化风险增加密切相关，而丙氨酸浓度降低（OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-1.00）与风险降低相关。几种代谢物[特别是丙氨酸、对数转化c18:1-酰基肉碱和甜菜碱（P均为整体P < 0.05， P为非线性P < 0.05）]与纤维化风险呈线性剂量反应关系。炎症因子，特别是中性粒细胞百分比-白蛋白比（中介比例= 49.7%,P = 0.01）和代谢物谷氨酸（中介比例= -23.4%,P = 0.47）、甜菜碱（中介比例= 48.3%,P = 0.03）显著介导了c18:1-酰基肉碱与肝纤维化的关系。我们的研究结果表明，关键代谢组学生物标志物的失调可能与炎症反应相互作用，从而加速肝纤维化，并强调炎症在肝纤维化进展中的调节作用。

{"title":"Elevated C18:1-acylcarnitine is associated with a higher fibrosis-4 index through inflammation mediation: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Han Li , Miao Li , Sijia Fei , Ting Xie , Lixin Guo , Qi Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a major response to chronic hepatic injury, liver fibrosis presents a growing global health challenge. However, its association with metabolomic signatures remains unclear. In this study of 492 patients, we evaluated associations between 30 metabolites and liver fibrosis, which was assessed non-invasively using the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index. We hypothesized that metabolic changes promote fibrosis partly through inflammatory pathways. Propensity score matching, Spearman’s correlation, binary logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline analyses were employed to identify key metabolites associated with fibrosis risk. Mediation analysis further investigated inflammatory biomarkers as potential mediators. Elevated plasma glutamine [odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-1.04], log-transformed C18:1-acylcarnitine (OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.12-5.95), and betaine (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06-1.36) were strongly related to increased liver fibrosis risks, whereas lower alanine concentration (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-1.00) correlated with decreased risks. Several metabolites [specifically alanine, log-transformed C18:1-acylcarnitine, and betaine (all <em>P</em> overall < .05, <em>P</em> non-linear > .05)] showed linear dose-response relationships with fibrosis risk. Inflammatory factors, notably the neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (mediation proportion = 49.7%, <em>P</em> = .01), and metabolites including glutamic acid (mediation proportion = –23.4%, <em>P</em> = .47) and betaine (mediation proportion = 48.3%, <em>P</em> = .03), significantly mediated the relationship between C18:1-acylcarnitine and liver fibrosis. Our findings suggest that dysregulation of key metabolomic biomarkers may interact with inflammatory responses, thereby accelerating liver fibrosis, and underscore the modulating roles of inflammation in the progression of liver fibrosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 97-110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Middle-school students who consumed school breakfast perform better on tasks assessing cognitive flexibility and executive function 吃学校早餐的中学生在评估认知灵活性和执行功能的任务中表现更好

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.005

Heather J. Leidy , Steve M. Douglas , Naiman A. Khan , Kathy A. Greaves

Breakfast improves nutrient adequacy, weight management, and cognitive performance in children; however, less is known regarding the quality, type, and location of breakfast, particularly in adolescents. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether consuming breakfast at home or school elicits greater cognitive performance compared to skipping breakfast in 236 urban middle-school students from low-income households. During a single school day, 3 hours after the start of school, students completed questionnaires assessing breakfast consumption followed by a 20-minute computerized cognitive performance assessment, CNS Vital Signs. Students were retrospectively grouped according to the following breakfast habits on the morning of testing: school breakfast (SCHOOL [N = 36]); home breakfast (HOME [N = 50]); school and home breakfast (BOTH [N = 21]); or no breakfast (SKIP [N = 85]). SCHOOL had higher cognitive flexibility (61.5 ± 4.2 percentile-for-age) vs SKIP (46.7 ± 2.6 percentile-for-age, P = .006) and HOME (49.8 ± 3.8 percentile-for-age, P = .05), but was not different versus BOTH (50.6 ± 9.6 percentile-for-age, NS, P = .220). SCHOOL had higher executive function (58.3 ± 4.2 percentile-for-age) vs SKIP (48.0 ± 2.5 percentile-for-age, P = .04) and BOTH (36.8 ± 7.2 percentile-for-age, P = .003) and trended towards higher scores vs HOME (48.7 ± 3.5 percentile-for-age, P = .08). No other differences occurred. Students who eat breakfast at school perform better on select cognitive function tasks compared to those who skip breakfast or eat breakfast at home, highlighting the importance of school breakfast in middle-school adolescents from low-income households.

早餐可以改善儿童的营养充足性、体重管理和认知能力；然而，人们对早餐的质量、类型和地点知之甚少，尤其是在青少年中。这项横断面研究的目的是研究236名来自低收入家庭的城市中学生，与不吃早餐相比，在家里或学校吃早餐是否能获得更好的认知表现。在一个单一的上学日，即开始上学后3小时，学生们完成了评估早餐摄入量的问卷，然后进行了20分钟的计算机认知表现评估，即中枢神经系统生命体征。学生按照测试当天早晨的早餐习惯进行回顾性分组：学校早餐（school [N = 36]）；家庭早餐（home [N = 50]）；学校和家庭早餐（均为[N = 21]）；或不吃早餐（SKIP [N = 85]）。SCHOOL组比SKIP组（46.7±2.6个百分点，P = 0.006）和HOME组（49.8±3.8个百分点，P = 0.05）具有更高的认知灵活性（61.5±4.2个百分点，P = 0.006），但与BOTH组（50.6±9.6个百分点，NS, P = 0.220）没有差异。SCHOOL比SKIP（48.0±2.5个百分位，P = 0.04）和BOTH（36.8±7.2个百分位，P = 0.003）的执行功能更高（58.3±4.2个百分位，P = 0.04），且比HOME（48.7±3.5个百分位，P = 0.08）得分更高。没有其他差异发生。与不吃早餐或在家吃早餐的学生相比，在学校吃早餐的学生在特定的认知功能任务中表现更好，这凸显了学校早餐对低收入家庭的中学生的重要性。

{"title":"Middle-school students who consumed school breakfast perform better on tasks assessing cognitive flexibility and executive function","authors":"Heather J. Leidy , Steve M. Douglas , Naiman A. Khan , Kathy A. Greaves","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breakfast improves nutrient adequacy, weight management, and cognitive performance in children; however, less is known regarding the quality, type, and location of breakfast, particularly in adolescents. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether consuming breakfast at home or school elicits greater cognitive performance compared to skipping breakfast in 236 urban middle-school students from low-income households. During a single school day, 3 hours after the start of school, students completed questionnaires assessing breakfast consumption followed by a 20-minute computerized cognitive performance assessment, CNS Vital Signs. Students were retrospectively grouped according to the following breakfast habits on the morning of testing: school breakfast (SCHOOL [<em>N</em> = 36]); home breakfast (HOME [<em>N</em> = 50]); school and home breakfast (BOTH [<em>N</em> = 21]); or no breakfast (SKIP [<em>N</em> = 85]). SCHOOL had higher cognitive flexibility (61.5 ± 4.2 percentile-for-age) vs SKIP (46.7 ± 2.6 percentile-for-age, <em>P</em> = .006) and HOME (49.8 ± 3.8 percentile-for-age, <em>P</em> = .05), but was not different versus BOTH (50.6 ± 9.6 percentile-for-age, NS, <em>P</em> = .220). SCHOOL had higher executive function (58.3 ± 4.2 percentile-for-age) vs SKIP (48.0 ± 2.5 percentile-for-age, <em>P</em> = .04) and BOTH (36.8 ± 7.2 percentile-for-age, <em>P</em> = .003) and trended towards higher scores vs HOME (48.7 ± 3.5 percentile-for-age, <em>P</em> = .08). No other differences occurred. Students who eat breakfast at school perform better on select cognitive function tasks compared to those who skip breakfast or eat breakfast at home, highlighting the importance of school breakfast in middle-school adolescents from low-income households.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"145 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145718888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0