Nutrition Research最新文献_第3页

Plasma niacin is inversely associated with hyperlipidemia in participants with diabetes among Chinese adults 血浆烟酸与中国成人糖尿病患者的高脂血症呈反比。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.006

Xuyang Geng , Zefang Lin , Zhixiong Zheng , Qiuping Lin , Taoping Sun , Qing Yang , Yao Deng

Evidence is limited regarding the association of plasma niacin with the risk of hyperlipidemia in participants with diabetes. We aimed to determine the relationship between plasma niacinamide/nicotinic acid and hyperlipidemia in participants with/without diabetes. Plasma niacinamide/nicotinic acid concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between plasma niacin and hyperlipidemia in participants with diabetes and nondiabetes in a cross-sectional study. Compared to the first quartile, plasma nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, and niacin (nicotinamide plus nicotinic acid) were associated with a 54%, 50%, and 52% lower risk of hyperlipidemia in diabetic participants, respectively, but no significant association was observed in nondiabetic participants. These inverse associations persisted across subgroups stratified by sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. In addition, the fully adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia among diabetic participants were 0.54 (0.38, 0.77) and 0.61 (0.44, 0.85), respectively, when comparing to the first quartile of plasma niacin concentrations (all P_trend < .001). This study of 2647 participants observed that plasma niacin was inversely associated with hyperlipidemia in those with diabetes.

有关糖尿病患者血浆烟酸与高脂血症风险之间关系的证据很有限。我们旨在确定糖尿病患者/非糖尿病患者血浆烟酰胺/烟酸与高脂血症之间的关系。我们使用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了血浆中烟酰胺/烟酸的浓度。在一项横断面研究中，对糖尿病和非糖尿病参试者的血浆烟酸与高脂血症之间的关系进行了多变量逻辑回归分析。与第一四分位数相比，糖尿病患者血浆中烟酰胺、烟酸和烟酸（烟酰胺加烟酸）分别与54%、50%和52%的高脂血症风险降低相关，但在非糖尿病患者中未观察到明显的相关性。在按性别、年龄、体重指数、吸烟状况、饮酒量和体力活动进行分层的亚组中，这些反向关系依然存在。此外，与血浆烟酸浓度的第一四分位数相比，糖尿病参与者中高胆固醇血症和高甘油三酯血症的完全调整几率比（95% 置信区间）分别为 0.54 (0.38, 0.77) 和 0.61 (0.44, 0.85)（所有 Ptrend < .001）。这项对 2647 名参与者进行的研究发现，血浆烟酸与糖尿病患者的高脂血症呈反向关系。

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引用次数: 0

The MTHFR C677T/A1298C polymorphism is associated with increased risk of microangiopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis MTHFR C677T/A1298C 多态性与 2 型糖尿病微血管病变风险增加有关：系统回顾与荟萃分析

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.004

Yuxin Zhang , Yanjiao Zhang , Runyu Miao , Xinyi Fang , Ruiyang Yin , Huifang Guan , Jiaxing Tian

Extensive case-control association studies have been conducted over the past few decades to investigate the relationship between MTHFR polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) microangiopathy. However, the strength of the evidence and clinical significance are unclear. Consequently, a meta-analysis was performed to examine the correlations between two prevalent MTHFR single nucleotide polymorphisms, MTHFR C677T and A1298C, and T2DM microangiopathy. Randomized controlled trials were systematically searched in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP database, China Biology Medicine, and Wanfang until August 2023. A total of 42 studies were included. Random-effect models were utilized to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between MTHFR polymorphisms and T2DM microangiopathy susceptibility. T2DM microangiopathy was significantly associated with the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in the overall population (T vs C, OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.25-1.64; TT + CT vs CC: OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.30-1.88; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.38-1.99; TT vs CC: OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.58-2.60). Additionally, the dominant model revealed that the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism was associated with T2DM microangiopathy (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.09-1.47). This meta-analysis revealed that MTHFR may be involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM microangiopathy, providing a reference for early diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.

在过去的几十年中，已经开展了大量的病例对照关联研究，探讨 MTHFR 多态性与 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）微血管病变之间的关系。然而，证据的强度和临床意义尚不明确。因此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，研究两种流行的 MTHFR 单核苷酸多态性（MTHFR C677T 和 A1298C）与 T2DM 微血管病变之间的相关性。截至 2023 年 8 月，在 PubMed、Cochrane、Embase、Web of Science、CNKI、VIP 数据库、中国生物医学和万方数据库中系统检索了随机对照试验。共纳入 42 项研究。研究采用随机效应模型估算几率比（ORs）和 95% 置信区间（CIs），以评估 MTHFR 多态性与 T2DM 微血管病变易感性之间的关系。在总体人群中，T2DM 微血管病与 MTHFR C677T 多态性显著相关（T vs C：OR = 1.43，95% CI = 1.25-1.64；TT + CT vs CC：OR = 1.56，95% CI = 1.30-1.88；TT vs CT + CC：OR = 1.66，95% CI = 1.38-1.99；TT vs CC：OR = 2.03，95% CI = 1.58-2.60）。此外，显性模型显示，MTHFR A1298C 多态性与 T2DM 微血管病变相关（OR = 1.27，95% CI：1.09-1.47）。这项荟萃分析表明，MTHFR可能参与了T2DM微血管病变的发病机制，为T2DM的早期诊断和治疗提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0

A higher dietary alpha-linolenic acid intake is associated with lower colorectal cancer risk based on MUC4 rs2246901 variant among Korean adults 基于韩国成年人 MUC4 rs2246901 变异，膳食中α-亚麻酸摄入量越高，患结直肠癌的风险越低。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.003

Ha Thi Mien Nguyen , Madhawa Gunathilake , Jeonghee Lee , Jae Hwan Oh , Hee Jin Chang , Dae Kyung Sohn , Aesun Shin , Jeongseon Kim

Alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3 [ALA]) intake may have a beneficial effect in reducing cancer risk; however, its association with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk remains conflicted. Additionally, ALA was emphasized as being associated with mucins, an important glycoproteins family within the intestine. Thus, we hypothesized that a higher dietary ALA intake may reduce the risk of CRC and this preventive effect has an interaction with mucin 4 (MUC4) rs2246901. We conducted a case-control study at the National Cancer Center in Korea, involving 1039 cases and 1982 controls, aiming to determine the interaction of the MUC4 rs2246901 polymorphism and ALA intake in CRC risk. Dietary ALA intake was collected via semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ), categorizing by 4 quartiles. We evaluated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) through unconditional logistic regression models. Higher dietary ALA intake was found to be inversely associated with CRC risk (adjusted OR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45–0.75, P for trend < .001). No significant association between MUC4 rs2246901 polymorphism and CRC risk was found. In a recessive model, MUC4 rs2246901 seemed to modify this association; participants with at least 1 major allele and higher ALA intake had a significantly lower CRC risk than those who had a lower intake (adjusted OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.43–0.72; P interaction = .047). A higher dietary ALA was proposed as a potential protective nutrient against CRC. Moreover, this association might be influenced by presence of the MUC4 rs2246901 polymorphism.

α-亚麻酸（C18:3n-3 [ALA]）的摄入量可能对降低癌症风险有益；但是，它与结直肠癌（CRC）风险的关系仍然存在矛盾。此外，ALA 被强调与粘蛋白有关，而粘蛋白是肠道内重要的糖蛋白家族。因此，我们假设，从膳食中摄入更多的 ALA 可降低患 CRC 的风险，而这种预防效果与粘蛋白 4 (MUC4) rs2246901 有相互作用。我们在韩国国立癌症中心进行了一项病例对照研究，涉及 1039 例病例和 1982 例对照，旨在确定 MUC4 rs2246901 多态性与 ALA 摄入量在 CRC 风险中的相互作用。膳食中的 ALA 摄入量是通过半定量食物频率问卷（SQFFQ）收集的，分为 4 个四分位数。我们通过无条件逻辑回归模型评估了几率比（ORs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。结果发现，膳食中ALA的摄入量越高，患CRC的风险越低（调整OR = 0.58；95% CI，0.45-0.75，趋势P < .001）。未发现 MUC4 rs2246901 多态性与 CRC 风险有明显关联。在隐性模型中，MUC4 rs2246901 似乎改变了这种关联；至少有一个主要等位基因且 ALA 摄入量较高的参与者的 CRC 风险明显低于 ALA 摄入量较低者（调整 OR = 0.56；95% CI，0.43-0.72；P 交互作用 = .047）。膳食中较多的 ALA 被认为是一种潜在的保护性营养素，可预防 CRC。此外，这种关联可能受到 MUC4 rs2246901 多态性的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Low sucrose diets protect long-term memory and EPA & DHA enriched diets alter insulin resistance in a mouse model of chemotherapy 低蔗糖饮食能保护长期记忆，而富含 EPA 和 DHA 的饮食能改变化疗小鼠模型的胰岛素抵抗。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.004

Kate Ormiston , Julie Fitzgerald , Rebecca Andridge , Maryam B. Lustberg , Anne Courtney DeVries , Tonya S. Orchard

Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and affective symptoms negatively impact quality of life in breast cancer survivors. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of high eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA) and low sucrose diets to alleviate these symptoms in a mouse model of chemotherapy. Potential mechanisms involving insulin resistance were explored. We hypothesized that diets enriched in EPA+DHA and low amounts of sucrose would protect against the impact of chemotherapy on measures of CRCI. Female C57Bl/6 mice were randomized to 1 of 4 diets (2% kcal eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid [EPA+DHA]/high or low sucrose, low omega-3/high or low sucrose) for 6 weeks and treated with two injections of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy or vehicle during week 2 and 4. Behavioral tests were performed 7 days after second injection. Chemotherapy increased serum insulin and decreased body weight, locomotion and exploratory behavior (all p < .05). Low sucrose consumption resulted in better long-term memory regardless of chemotherapy or vehicle injection (p < .05). 2% EPA+DHA consumption lessened insulin resistance (p < .05); however, controlling for body weight attenuated this effect (p = .08). There were no significant differences by diet or injection on liver lipid content; however, liver lipid content was positively correlated with insulin resistance scores (p < .05). Low sucrose diets may protect long-term memory during chemotherapy. The effect of EPA+DHA on insulin resistance and affective side effects during chemotherapy requires further investigation.

化疗相关认知障碍（CRCI）和情感症状会对乳腺癌幸存者的生活质量产生负面影响。本研究旨在确定高二十碳五烯酸+二十二碳六烯酸（EPA+DHA）和低蔗糖饮食对缓解化疗小鼠模型中这些症状的疗效。我们探讨了涉及胰岛素抵抗的潜在机制。我们假设，富含 EPA+DHA 和低蔗糖的膳食可防止化疗对 CRCI 的影响。雌性C57Bl/6小鼠被随机分配到4种饮食（2%千卡二十碳五烯酸+二十二碳六烯酸[EPA+DHA]/高或低蔗糖、低omega-3/高或低蔗糖）中的一种，为期6周，并在第2周和第4周接受两次多柔比星化疗或药物治疗。第二次注射后7天进行行为测试。化疗增加了血清胰岛素，降低了体重、运动和探索行为（均 p < .05）。无论化疗与否，食用低蔗糖都能改善长期记忆（p < .05）。摄入2%的EPA+DHA可减轻胰岛素抵抗（p < .05）；但是，控制体重会减弱这种效果（p = .08）。饮食或注射对肝脏脂质含量没有明显差异；但肝脏脂质含量与胰岛素抵抗评分呈正相关（p < .05）。低蔗糖饮食可保护化疗期间的长期记忆。EPA+DHA对化疗期间胰岛素抵抗和情感副作用的影响还需要进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant brain development: role of gut microbiome 补充二十二碳六烯酸与婴儿大脑发育：肠道微生物群的作用。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.005

Xi Fang , Soon Lee , Srujana Rayalam , Hea Jin Park

Perinatal stage represents a critical period for brain development. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid preferentially accumulated in the brain that may benefit neurodevelopment. Microbial colonization and maturation parallel with the rapid development of infant metabolic and brain function that may influence the effects of DHA on neurological development. This review aims to summarize the current literature on the mediating effects of DHA on brain and gut microbiome development and attempts to reevaluate the efficacy of DHA from a gut microbiome–mediated perspective. Specifically, the regulatory roles of DHA on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammation, and neuroactive mediators may be partly moderated through gut microbiome. Consideration of the gut microbiome and gut–brain communication, when evaluating the efficacy of DHA, may provide new insights in better understanding the mechanisms of DHA and impart advantages to future development of nutritional therapy based on the nutrient-microbiome interaction.

围产期是大脑发育的关键时期。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是一种ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸，优先在大脑中积累，可能有益于神经发育。微生物的定植和成熟与婴儿新陈代谢和大脑功能的快速发展并行，这可能会影响 DHA 对神经系统发育的影响。本综述旨在总结目前有关 DHA 对大脑和肠道微生物组发育的介导作用的文献，并尝试从肠道微生物组介导的角度重新评估 DHA 的功效。具体来说，DHA 对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴、炎症和神经活性介质的调节作用可能部分通过肠道微生物组来调节。在评估 DHA 的疗效时考虑肠道微生物组和肠道与大脑的交流，可能会为更好地理解 DHA 的作用机制提供新的见解，并为未来开发基于营养素-微生物组相互作用的营养疗法带来优势。

引用次数: 0

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.005

Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy , Michael D. Wirth , Nkechi Okpara , Mary Jones , Yesil Kim , Sara Wilcox , Daniela B. Friedman , Mark A. Sarzynski , Angela D. Liese

The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between diet quality, nutrients, and health outcomes among participants in the Dietary Guidelines: 3 Diets study (3-group randomized 12-week intervention; African American; Southeastern virtual teaching kitchen). Participants (n = 63; ages 18-65 y, BMI 25-49.9 kg/m²) were randomized to the Healthy U.S. (H-US), Mediterranean (Med), or Vegetarian (Veg) groups. Hypotheses tested included (1) that the more plant-based diet patterns (Veg and Med) would have greater improvements in all diet quality indices (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), alternate Mediterranean Diet Index (aMED), healthy Plant-based Dietary Index (hPDI) assessed via three dietary recalls) as compared to the H-US pattern and (2) that each index would separately predict changes in weight loss, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and blood pressure (BP). None of the group-by-time interactions for any of the diet indices were significant. Compared to the H-US group, Veg participants had greater increases in fiber (difference between groups 5.72 ± 2.10 5 g/day; P = .01), riboflavin (0.38 ± 0.19 mg/day; P = .05), and folate (87.39 ± 40.36 mcg/day; P = .03). For every one-point increase in hPDI, there was a 1.62 ± 0.58 mmHg decrease in systolic BP, for every one-point increase in aMED there was a 1.45 ± 0.70 mmHg decrease in diastolic BP, and for every one-point increase in hPDI, there was a 1.15 ± 0.38 mmHg decrease in diastolic BP. Findings indicate that there is significant overlap in the dietary recommendations of the three dietary patterns presented in the USDG and similarities in how African American adults adopt those diet patterns.

Clinical Trials registry at clinicaltrials.gov:NCT04981847.

本研究的目的是考察膳食指南参与者的膳食质量、营养素和健康结果之间的关系：3 Diets 研究（3 组随机干预，为期 12 周；非裔美国人；东南部虚拟教学厨房）。参与者（n = 63；年龄 18-65 岁，体重指数 25-49.9 kg/m2）被随机分配到美国健康组（H-US）、地中海组（Med）或素食组（Veg）。测试的假设包括：(1) 与美国健康饮食模式相比，以植物为基础的饮食模式（素食和地中海饮食）在所有饮食质量指数（膳食法预防高血压指数（DASH）、膳食炎症指数（DII）、替代地中海饮食指数（aMED）、通过三次膳食回顾评估的健康植物饮食指数（hPDI））方面都有更大的改善；(2) 每个指数都能分别预测体重减轻、血红蛋白 A1c（HbA1c）和血压（BP）的变化。任何饮食指数的组间时间交互作用都不显著。与 H-US 组相比，Veg 组参与者的纤维素（组间差异为 5.72 ± 2.10 5 克/天；P = .01）、核黄素（0.38 ± 0.19 毫克/天；P = .05）和叶酸（87.39 ± 40.36 微克/天；P = .03）增加较多。hPDI 每增加一个点，收缩压下降 1.62 ± 0.58 mmHg；aMED 每增加一个点，舒张压下降 1.45 ± 0.70 mmHg；hPDI 每增加一个点，舒张压下降 1.15 ± 0.38 mmHg。研究结果表明，USDG 提出的三种饮食模式的饮食建议有很大的重叠，非裔美国成年人采用这些饮食模式的方式也有相似之处。临床试验注册网址：clinicaltrials.gov:NCT04981847。

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引用次数: 0

A higher dietary inflammatory index score is associated with an increased risk of developing dyslipidemia and its components only in women 膳食炎症指数得分越高，只有女性患血脂异常及其组成部分的风险越高

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.001

Jiwon Jeong, Sangah Shin

The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a tool to evaluate the inflammatory potential of diets. Our research hypothesized that a higher DII score would be associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia and that this outcome may differ by sex. Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were used. The analysis included participants aged 40 to 69 years from the HEXA study (n = 40,500) and the Ansan-Ansung study (n = 4701). The mean follow-up was 5.03 years for the HEXA study and 8.14 years for the Ansan–Ansung study. The DII scores were calculated based on dietary data. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). In pooled analyses, a high DII score was associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia and its components. Sex-specific analyses revealed associations only in women. A pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by a higher DII score, was associated with an increased risk of hypercholesterolemia, hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and dyslipidemia, with HR of 1.17 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.29), 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.29), 1.32 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.52), and 1.17 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.26), respectively. However, among men, there was no association between DII and dyslipidemia. These findings emphasize the inflammation feature of existing dietary patterns in influencing the development of dyslipidemia and related health issues. Further research will be needed to identify the mechanisms of how DII scores affect the risk of dyslipidemia.

膳食炎症指数（DII）是一种评估膳食炎症潜力的工具。我们的研究假设，DII 分数越高，患血脂异常的风险就越大，而且这一结果可能因性别而异。研究使用了韩国基因组与流行病学研究的数据。分析对象包括来自 HEXA 研究（n = 40,500 人）和 Ansan-Ansung 研究（n = 4701 人）的 40 至 69 岁的参与者。HEXA研究的平均随访时间为5.03年，安山-安星研究的平均随访时间为8.14年。DII 评分是根据饮食数据计算得出的。Cox 比例危险回归分析用于计算危险比（HR）和 95% 置信区间（CI）。在汇总分析中，DII 分数越高，患血脂异常及其组成部分的风险越高。性别特异性分析显示，只有女性存在相关性。DII 评分越高，说明饮食中含有促炎物质，这与高胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症和血脂异常的风险增加有关，HR 为 1.17（95% CI：1.06，1.29）、1.16（95% CI：1.03，1.29）、1.32（95% CI：1.12，1.52）和 1.17（95% CI：1.08，1.26）。然而，在男性中，DII 与血脂异常之间没有关联。这些发现强调了现有膳食模式在影响血脂异常和相关健康问题发展方面的炎症特征。要确定 DII 评分如何影响血脂异常风险的机制，还需要进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Higher dietary choline intake is associated with increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies 膳食中胆碱摄入量的增加与全因和特定原因死亡风险的增加有关：队列研究的系统回顾和剂量反应荟萃分析

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.002

Elham Sharifi-Zahabi , Sepideh Soltani , Sahar Asiaei , Paria dehesh , Mohammad Ali Mohsenpour , Farzad Shidfar

Evidence indicates that choline and betaine intakes are associated with mortality. Based on the available evidence, we hypothesized that dietary choline and betaine do not increase mortality risk. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association of dietary choline and betaine with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular diseases, and stroke. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched up to 9 March 2024. Six cohort studies comprising 482,778 total participants, 57,235 all-cause, 9351 cardiovascular disease, and 4,400 stroke deaths were included in this study. The linear dose-response analysis showed that each 100 mg/day increase in choline intake was significantly associated with 6% and 11% increases in risk of all-cause (RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.10, I² =83.7%, P < .001) and cardiovascular diseases mortality (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.16, I² = 54.3%, P = .02) respectively. However, dietary betaine, was not associated with the risk of mortality. Furthermore, the result of the nonlinear dose-response analysis showed a significant relationship between betaine intake and stroke mortality at the dosages of 50 to 250 mg/day (P_{non-linearity}= .0017). This study showed that each 100 mg/day increment in choline consumption was significantly associated with a 6% and 11% higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality respectively. In addition, a significant positive relationship between betaine intake and stroke mortality at doses of 50 to 250 mg/day was observed. Due to the small number of the included studies and heterogeneity among them more well-designed prospective observational studies considering potential confounding variables are required.

有证据表明，胆碱和甜菜碱的摄入量与死亡率有关。根据现有证据，我们假设膳食胆碱和甜菜碱不会增加死亡风险。本荟萃分析旨在研究膳食胆碱和甜菜碱与各种原因导致的死亡率、心血管疾病和中风之间的关系。截至 2024 年 3 月 9 日，我们检索了包括 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Embase 和 Google Scholar 在内的在线数据库。本研究共纳入了六项队列研究，共有 482,778 人参与，57,235 人死于全因，9351 人死于心血管疾病，4,400 人死于中风。线性剂量-反应分析显示，胆碱摄入量每增加 100 毫克/天，全因死亡风险（RR = 1.06，95% CI：1.03，1.10，I2 = 83.7%，P = .001）和心血管疾病死亡风险（RR = 1.11，95% CI：1.06，1.16，I2 = 54.3%，P = .02）分别显著增加 6% 和 11%。然而，膳食中的甜菜碱与死亡风险无关。此外，非线性剂量-反应分析结果显示，甜菜碱摄入量为 50 至 250 毫克/天时，与中风死亡率之间存在显著关系（P 非线性= 0.0017）。该研究显示，胆碱摄入量每增加 100 毫克/天，全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率风险就会分别增加 6% 和 11%。此外，还观察到甜菜碱摄入量与中风死亡率之间存在明显的正相关关系，剂量为 50 至 250 毫克/天。由于所纳入研究的数量较少，而且这些研究之间存在异质性，因此需要更多考虑到潜在混杂变量的设计良好的前瞻性观察研究。

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引用次数: 0

Minimum dietary diversity is associated with lower risk of childhood underweight: Evidence from the 2019/2021 National Family Health Survey of India 最低限度的饮食多样性与较低的儿童体重不足风险有关：来自2019/2021年印度全国家庭健康调查的证据

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.003

Bikash Khura , Kedir Y. Ahmed , Parimala Mohanty , Chetti Praveen Kumar , Subash Thapa

A lack of consumption of a diversified diet is associated with poor physical and cognitive development in children. Evidence on the relationship between minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and childhood malnutrition remains inconclusive in India. We hypothesized that children aged 6 to 23 months on a diversified diet (five out of eight defined foods and beverages) are less likely to be malnourished (stunting, wasting, and underweight) compared to their counterparts who are not on a diversified diet. This cross-sectional study was based on the 2019-2021 National Family Health Survey of India, comprising a weighted sample of 57,714 children aged 6 to 23 months. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted for data analysis. The results showed a significant protective effect of dietary diversity on underweight (odds ratios [OR] = 0.91; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.86-0.96). In addition, children who did not consume eggs (OR = 1.09; 95% CI; 1.03-1.15), dairy products (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.17-1.27), or fruits and vegetables (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.06-1.17) were more likely to be underweight than children who did. Children who did not consume dairy products, fruits, and vegetables were also more likely to be stunted and wasted. However, we did not find significant associations of MDD with wasting and stunting. Nutritional interventions promoting daily consumption of dairy products, eggs, fruit, and vegetables are recommended to address the growing problem of childhood malnutrition in India. Regions with higher rates of malnutrition and those lacking MDD, such as Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan, should be prioritized.

缺乏多样化饮食与儿童身体和认知能力发育不良有关。在印度，有关最低膳食多样性（MDD）与儿童营养不良之间关系的证据仍不明确。我们的假设是，与不摄入多样化饮食的儿童相比，摄入多样化饮食（八种食品和饮料中的五种）的 6 至 23 个月儿童营养不良（发育迟缓、消瘦和体重不足）的可能性较低。这项横断面研究基于2019-2021年印度全国家庭健康调查，包括57714名6至23个月大的儿童的加权样本。研究采用多层次逻辑回归进行数据分析。结果显示，膳食多样性对体重不足有明显的保护作用（几率比 [OR] = 0.91；95% 置信区间 [CI]：0.86-0.96）。此外，不食用鸡蛋（OR = 1.09；95% CI；1.03-1.15）、乳制品（OR = 1.22；95% CI：1.17-1.27）或水果和蔬菜（OR = 1.11；95% CI：1.06-1.17）的儿童比食用鸡蛋、乳制品或水果和蔬菜的儿童更容易体重不足。不食用奶制品、水果和蔬菜的儿童也更容易发育迟缓和消瘦。然而，我们并没有发现 MDD 与消瘦和发育迟缓有明显的关联。建议采取营养干预措施，促进奶制品、鸡蛋、水果和蔬菜的日常消费，以解决印度日益严重的儿童营养不良问题。北方邦和拉贾斯坦邦等营养不良率较高且缺乏MDD的地区应优先考虑。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members 编辑部和董事会成员

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00119-2

引用次数: 0