Nutrition Research最新文献

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Association between HEI-2020 and sarcopenia in US adults: A study based on the 2011-2018 NHANES data 美国成人HEI-2020与肌肉减少症之间的关系：基于2011-2018年NHANES数据的研究

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.003

Sha Li, Ming Xiao

This research intends to ascertain the link between Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI-2020) and sarcopenia in US adults. Data from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized for this cross-sectional analysis. Weighted logistic regression and subgroup analyses were performed to ascertain the independent association between HEI-2020 and sarcopenia. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) approach was employed to examine the dose-response link between HEI-2020 and sarcopenia. Additionally, Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression was leveraged to evaluate links between individual components of HEI-2020 and sarcopenia. The analysis included 8467 participants in total. The median HEI-2020 score was 49.48, and the overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 8.69%. The prevalence of sarcopenia was substantially lower among participants in the highest quartile of HEI-2020 (Q4) than among those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 0.537, 95% CI: 0.371-0.779, P = .002). A linearly negative correlation between HEI-2020 and sarcopenia was found by the RCS analysis. Interaction analyses indicated significant heterogeneity across age subgroups. WQS analysis identified 13 dietary components that collectively exhibited a protective effect on sarcopenia risk, with dairy products emerging as the most influential component. In conclusion, in US individuals, the risk of sarcopenia was negatively correlated with higher HEI-2020 scores. Higher HEI-2020 scores indicate a healthy diet,which may lower the risk of sarcopenia and hold the potential for informing dietary recommendations in clinical settings.

本研究旨在确定健康饮食指数2020 （HEI-2020）与美国成年人肌肉减少症之间的联系。这项横断面分析使用了2011-2018年全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据。采用加权logistic回归和亚组分析来确定HEI-2020与肌肉减少症之间的独立关联。采用限制性三次样条（RCS）方法来检查HEI-2020与肌肉减少症之间的剂量-反应关系。此外，加权分位和（WQS）回归被用来评估HEI-2020的各个组成部分与肌肉减少症之间的联系。该分析共包括8467名参与者。HEI-2020评分中位数为49.48，肌肉减少症的总体患病率为8.69%。HEI-2020 （Q4）中最高四分位数（OR = 0.537, 95% CI: 0.371-0.779, P = 0.002）参与者中肌肉减少症的患病率明显低于最低四分位数（Q1）的参与者（OR = 0.537, 95% CI: 0.371-0.779, P = 0.002）。RCS分析发现HEI-2020与肌肉减少症呈线性负相关。交互作用分析显示不同年龄组之间存在显著的异质性。WQS分析确定了13种饮食成分，它们共同显示出对肌肉减少症风险的保护作用，乳制品是最具影响力的成分。总之，在美国个体中，肌肉减少症的风险与较高的HEI-2020分数呈负相关。HEI-2020得分越高，表明饮食健康，这可能降低肌肉减少症的风险，并有可能为临床环境中的饮食建议提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫·克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00004-7

引用次数: 0

NTR Reviewer Thank You NTR审稿人谢谢

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00002-3

引用次数: 0

Erratum to “Type 2–resistant starch and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826 result in additive and interactive effects in diet-induced obese mice” [Nutrition Research Volume 118, October 2023, Pages 12-28] 对“2型抗性淀粉和植物乳杆菌NCIMB 8826在饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠中导致添加剂和相互作用”的勘误[Nutrition Research Volume 118， October 2023, Pages 12-28]。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.006

Javad Barouei , Alice Martinic , Zach Bendiks , Darya Mishchuk , Dustin Heeney , Carolyn M. Slupsky , Maria L. Marco

引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members 编辑部和董事会成员

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00003-5

引用次数: 0

Low-digestible glucans promote rapid recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced small intestinal villous atrophy while enhancing glucagon-like peptide-2 secretion in rats 低消化葡聚糖促进5-氟尿嘧啶诱导的大鼠小肠绒毛萎缩的快速恢复，同时增加胰高血糖素样肽-2的分泌

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.009

Rikako Nishina , Shingo Hino , Chikara Kato , Naomichi Nishimura

Small intestinal villous atrophy, a frequent complication of cancer chemotherapy, impairs nutrient absorption and worsens participant quality of life. Although the glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analog teduglutide can promote villus regeneration, its clinical application is limited. We hypothesized that dietary low-digestible glucans (LDGs) would enhance GLP-2 secretion and accelerate mucosal recovery. This study evaluated whether LDGs stimulate GLP-2 secretion and facilitate recovery from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced villous atrophy in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 5-FU to induce villous atrophy, followed by diets containing resistant maltodextrin (RMD) or isomaltodextrin as LDGs. Portal GLP-2 concentrations, small intestinal villus height, maltase activity, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations were assessed at 3 and 6 days after LDG supplementation. LDG supplementation significantly increased portal GLP-2 concentrations and accelerated recovery of villus height in the small intestine, especially in the ileum, compared with controls. Notably, villus height in the RMD group recovered within 3 days, whereas 6 days were required in controls. Both RMD and isomaltodextrin increased cecal tissue weight, and LDGs induced only a transient reduction in cecal acetate concentration. However, when 5-FU was administered concurrently, LDGs did not promote villus recovery, suggesting that their effect requires preserved epithelial proliferative capacity. In summary, LDGs promote rapid recovery of small intestinal villi after chemotherapy-induced injury, possibly through enhanced GLP-2 secretion. Dietary LDGs may offer a novel nutritional intervention to support mucosal recovery in participants undergoing cancer chemotherapy.

小肠绒毛萎缩，癌症化疗的常见并发症，损害营养吸收和恶化参与者的生活质量。胰高血糖素样肽-2 （GLP-2）类似物特杜葡肽虽能促进绒毛再生，但其临床应用有限。我们假设饮食中的低消化葡聚糖（LDGs）会促进GLP-2的分泌，加速粘膜的恢复。本研究评估LDGs是否刺激GLP-2分泌并促进5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）诱导的大鼠绒毛萎缩的恢复。雄性sd - dawley大鼠用5-FU诱导绒毛萎缩，然后用含有抗性麦芽糊精（RMD）或异麦芽糊精作为LDGs的饮食。在补充LDG后3和6天评估门脉GLP-2浓度、小肠绒毛高度、麦芽糖酶活性和盲肠短链脂肪酸浓度。与对照组相比，添加LDG显著增加了小肠门脉GLP-2浓度，加速了小肠（尤其是回肠）绒毛高度的恢复。值得注意的是，RMD组的绒毛高度在3天内恢复，而对照组则需要6天。RMD和异麦芽糖糊精均增加盲肠组织重量，而LDGs仅引起盲肠乙酸浓度的短暂降低。然而，当5-FU同时给药时，LDGs并没有促进绒毛恢复，这表明它们的作用需要保留上皮细胞的增殖能力。综上所述，LDGs可能通过增强GLP-2分泌来促进化疗损伤后小肠绒毛的快速恢复。膳食LDGs可能提供一种新的营养干预来支持接受癌症化疗的参与者的粘膜恢复。

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引用次数: 0

Feasibility of a randomized clinical trial comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folic acid prenatal multivitamins in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss 一项比较5-甲基四氢叶酸和叶酸产前复合维生素在复发性流产夫妇中的可行性的随机临床试验

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.008

Carolyn Ledowsky , Vanessa Scarf , Kris Rogers , Amie Steel

To assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) and folic acid (FA) in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss. Pregnancy loss affects up to 15% of pregnancies, with over half of cases remaining unexplained. Emerging evidence suggests that folate metabolism, particularly in individuals carrying methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms such as C677T and A1298C variants, may influence reproductive outcomes. A double-blind, RCT feasibility trial was conducted in Australia with 22 reproductive dyads randomized to receive either 5-MTHF or FA prenatal multivitamins. Participants adhered to dietary restrictions, abstained from conception for two cycles, and completed regular assessments. Primary outcomes included feasibility, adherence, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy based on biochemical markers and pregnancy outcomes. The trial demonstrated high acceptability (86% in arm A [MTHF-A] and 94% in arm B [FA-B]) and adherence rates for supplement use over 78% in each arm. Unmetabolized FA concentration decreased in the 5-MTHF group but rose significantly in the FA group. A critical finding was the degradation of 5-MTHF in retained samples, highlighting formulation instability as a confounder. A fully online RCT comparing 5-MTHF and FA is feasible. Future trials should address formulation stability and expand sample size to evaluate clinical efficacy and personalized folate strategies.

评估一项比较5-甲基四氢叶酸（5-MTHF）和叶酸（FA）在复发性流产夫妇中的可行性的随机对照试验（RCT）。妊娠丢失影响到多达15%的妊娠，超过一半的病例仍然无法解释。新出现的证据表明，叶酸代谢，特别是携带亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶多态性（如C677T和A1298C变体）的个体，可能影响生殖结果。在澳大利亚进行了一项双盲，随机对照试验可行性试验，22对生殖双体随机接受5-MTHF或FA产前复合维生素。参与者坚持饮食限制，避免怀孕两个周期，并完成定期评估。主要结局包括可行性、依从性、可接受性和基于生化指标和妊娠结局的初步疗效。该试验显示出较高的可接受性（A组86% [MTHF-A]， B组94% [FA-B]），两组补充剂使用的依从率均超过78%。5-MTHF组未代谢FA浓度降低，FA组显著升高。一个关键的发现是保留样品中5-MTHF的降解，突出了配方不稳定性作为一个混杂因素。比较5-MTHF和FA的完全在线RCT是可行的。未来的试验应解决配方稳定性和扩大样本量，以评估临床疗效和个性化叶酸策略。

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引用次数: 0

AI in nutrition: multi-criteria analysis of diet plans across diverse client profiles 营养中的人工智能：对不同客户的饮食计划进行多标准分析

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.006

Adem Erik , Sakhi Mohammad Hamidy , Hilal Karamancıoğlu , Büşra Nur Küçük Kırtıklı

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has resulted in the proliferation of novel applications in various fields, including nutrition. One of the most notable applications involves AI-generated and guided diet plans. The present study evaluates diet plans generated by various AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, DeepSeek, etc.) for individuals with different health profiles using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. A series of authentic client scenarios were formulated on the basis of anonymized clinical cases that had been provided by a registered dietitian. These scenarios incorporated medical history, lifestyle habits, dietary patterns, and other relevant factors. For each client's profile, a set of standardized prompts were submitted to different AI tools to generate comparable diet plans. The resulting diet plans were evaluated based on several main and sub-criteria, including appropriateness, feasibility, nutritional adequacy, degree of personalization, ethical compliance, reproducibility, and linguistic clarity. The evaluation employed MCDM methods, namely LBWA for weighting, COPRAS, and PROMETHEE-I/II for ranking. The findings indicate that GPTPLUS demonstrated the highest overall ranking; DeepSeek exhibited consistent second-tier performance; and mid-tier models (GPT-4.0, GPT-4.5, Grook3) exchanged positions depending on the scenario and method. The results at the criterion level were found to be aligned with clinical priorities. Moreover, Claude's refusal to formulate a dietary plan for a client under the age of 18 indicates a paucity of standardized ethical guidelines governing the utilization of AI tools. The findings emphasize the potential of AI as a supportive tool in healthcare services, while concurrently addressing ethical considerations and practical limitations.

人工智能（AI）技术的进步导致了包括营养在内的各个领域的新应用激增。最引人注目的应用之一是人工智能生成和指导的饮食计划。本研究使用多标准决策（MCDM）框架评估了各种人工智能工具（如ChatGPT、Gemini、DeepSeek等）为不同健康状况的个人生成的饮食计划。在注册营养师提供的匿名临床病例的基础上，制定了一系列真实的客户场景。这些情况包括病史、生活习惯、饮食模式和其他相关因素。对于每个客户的个人资料，一组标准化的提示被提交给不同的人工智能工具，以生成可比的饮食计划。根据适当性、可行性、营养充足性、个性化程度、道德遵从性、可重复性和语言清晰度等几个主要和次要标准对所得饮食计划进行评估。评价采用MCDM方法，即LBWA法加权，COPRAS法排序，promehee - i /II法排序。结果表明，GPTPLUS综合排名最高；DeepSeek表现出一致的二级性能；中级模型（GPT-4.0, GPT-4.5, grok3）根据场景和方法交换位置。在标准水平上的结果被发现与临床优先级一致。此外，克劳德拒绝为18岁以下的客户制定饮食计划，表明缺乏规范人工智能工具使用的标准化道德准则。研究结果强调了人工智能作为医疗保健服务支持工具的潜力，同时解决了伦理考虑和实际限制。

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引用次数: 0

Moderate intake of bitter foods is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the 2011-12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 适度摄入苦味食物与2型糖尿病风险降低有关：2011-12年全国营养和体育活动调查的二次分析

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.007

Maedeh Moradi , Zinat Mohammadpour , Gilly A. Hendrie , Paige G. Brooker , Leonie K. Heilbronn , Jessica A. Grieger

The sensory properties of food are increasingly recognized for their potential role in regulating blood glucose and cardiometabolic risk factors. This cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS) aimed to examine the association between dietary bitterness and cardiometabolic risk in Australian adults aged ≥19 years. We hypothesize that higher food and beverage bitterness scores might be associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic risk factors. The study used data from 8975 participants; 225 (∼2%) of the population had type 2 diabetes. Dietary bitterness was calculated as a “bitterness score” by multiplying sensory panel–assigned bitter taste values (from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Sensory Diet Database) by the grams of each item consumed, and then summing these values separately for solid foods and for beverages within the NNPAS. Differences across dietary bitterness tertiles were assessed using analysis of variance for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between tertiles of bitterness score and cardiometabolic outcomes, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure. Participants in the second tertile, but not the highest tertile of bitterness score from foods had lower risk of type 2 diabetes, as defined by fasting plasma glucose (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.30; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.15–0.60), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (RRR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25–0.75) compared to the lowest tertile. No significant associations were observed between bitterness scores derived from beverages and cardiometabolic risk factors. Consumption of foods with a medium bitterness score was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk in Australian adults and may have potential to be included in diabetes prevention efforts.

人们越来越认识到食物的感官特性在调节血糖和心脏代谢危险因素方面的潜在作用。这项对2011-2012年全国营养和身体活动调查（NNPAS）的横断面二次分析旨在研究年龄≥19岁的澳大利亚成年人饮食苦味与心脏代谢风险之间的关系。我们假设较高的食物和饮料苦味评分可能与较低的心脏代谢风险因素相关。该研究使用了8975名参与者的数据；225人（约2%）患有2型糖尿病。通过将感官小组指定的苦味值（来自英联邦科学与工业研究组织的感官饮食数据库）乘以所消耗的每种食物的克数，然后将NNPAS中固体食物和饮料的这些值分别相加，计算出饮食苦味的“苦味分数”。使用连续变量的方差分析和分类变量的卡方检验来评估不同饮食苦味成分的差异。使用多项逻辑回归来评估苦味分位数与心脏代谢结局（包括2型糖尿病、血脂异常和血压）之间的关系。第二组的参与者，但不是食物苦味评分最高的一组，与最低一组相比，空腹血糖（相对风险比[RRR] = 0.30； 95%可信区间[CI]， 0.15-0.60）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（RRR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25-0.75）患2型糖尿病的风险较低。从饮料中获得的苦味评分与心脏代谢危险因素之间没有明显的关联。在澳大利亚成年人中，食用中等苦味的食物与患2型糖尿病的风险呈负相关，可能有可能被纳入糖尿病预防工作中。

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引用次数: 0

Moderate dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with reduced all-cause mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease 饮食中适量摄入omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸可降低代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病的全因死亡率

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.005

Ye Liu , Chong Geng , Yaoyu Guo , Xiaoxi Xie , Yanni Li , Xiao Li , Chunhui Wang

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) can ameliorate multiple pathological alterations in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, their associations with mortality and optimal intake in MASLD remain unclear. We hypothesized that moderate dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs is associated with reduced all-cause mortality in MASLD. This study included 6367 individuals with MASLD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018 to investigate these associations and determine the optimal intake. N-3 PUFAs intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recalls. The association between n-3 PUFAs and mortality was evaluated using multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS). The threshold effect was identified using piecewise regression with likelihood ratio tests. Cox regression indicated that a moderate dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs was significantly associated with reduced all-cause mortality in patients with MASLD. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear, L-shaped relationship between them (P _overall < .0001; P _nonlinear = .0006), with an inflection point at 2.14 g/day. This value may be the optimal intake of n-3 PUFAs. Overall, moderate intake of n-3 PUFAs is associated with improved long-term survival in patients with MASLD, with an optimal intake of approximately 2.14 g/day.

Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs）可以改善代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）的多种病理改变。然而，它们与MASLD患者死亡率和最佳摄入量的关系尚不清楚。我们假设饮食中适量摄入n-3 PUFAs与降低MASLD的全因死亡率有关。该研究包括1999-2018年国家健康和营养检查调查中的6367名MASLD患者，以调查这些关联并确定最佳摄入量。采用24小时饮食回顾法评估N-3 PUFAs摄入量。使用多变量Cox回归和限制性三次样条（RCS）评估n-3 PUFAs与死亡率之间的关系。采用分段回归和似然比检验确定阈值效应。Cox回归表明，饮食中适量摄入n-3 PUFAs与降低MASLD患者的全因死亡率显著相关。RCS分析显示两者之间呈非线性l型关系（P overall < .0001; P nonlinear = .0006），拐点为2.14 g/day。这个值可能是n-3 PUFAs的最佳摄入量。总体而言，适量摄入n-3 PUFAs可改善MASLD患者的长期生存，最佳摄入量约为2.14 g/天。

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