Nutrition Research最新文献_第4页

Vitamin E and cognitive function: A systematic review of clinical evidence 维生素E与认知功能：临床证据的系统回顾。

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.009

Arwa M. Amin , Hamza Mostafa

Cognitive impairment is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and represents a challenge for patients and the health care system worldwide. Current pharmacological treatments of AD focus on addressing symptom management, with limited options to prevent or slow cognitive decline. Vitamin E is one of the suggested antioxidants that has a protective role against cognitive impairment (CI). We aimed to systematically review the literature and evaluate the evidence on the role of vitamin E in cognitive function. Four databases, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were searched for clinical studies published between 2012 and 2022. Study selection and data extraction followed PRISMA guidelines, and eligible studies were classified into 3 classes: vitamin E supplements, dietary vitamin E, and multivitamins containing vitamin E. A total of 43 clinical studies involving 80,488 participants were identified. Of them, one on vitamin E supplement, 18 on dietary vitamin E, and 24 on multivitamins containing vitamin E. Overall, this systematic review suggest that vitamin E, particularly when consumed as a dietary component or multivitamin supplement with other vitamins, herbs, and minerals, is associated with a protective effect against cognitive impairment, probably mediated by the synergistic effect of other components of the dietary pattern or the multivitamin supplement. However, clinical studies specifically investigating the role of tocotrienols and non-α-tocopherols isoforms, or their combinations in CI, remain limited and warrant further investigations.

认知障碍是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的一个标志，对全世界的患者和卫生保健系统都是一个挑战。目前的阿尔茨海默病的药物治疗侧重于解决症状管理，有限的选择，以防止或减缓认知能力下降。维生素E是一种抗氧化剂，对认知障碍（CI）有保护作用。我们旨在系统地回顾文献并评估维生素E在认知功能中的作用的证据。检索了PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Cochrane Library四个数据库，检索了2012年至2022年间发表的临床研究。研究选择和数据提取遵循PRISMA指南，符合条件的研究分为3类：维生素E补充剂、膳食维生素E和含有维生素E的多种维生素。共纳入43项临床研究，涉及80,488名参与者。其中一项是关于维生素E补充剂，18项是关于膳食维生素E， 24项是关于含有维生素E的多种维生素。总的来说，这一系统综述表明，维生素E，特别是当作为膳食成分或多种维生素补充剂与其他维生素，草药和矿物质一起食用时，具有防止认知障碍的保护作用，可能是由饮食模式或多种维生素补充剂的其他成分的协同作用介导的。然而，专门研究生育三烯醇和非α-生育酚异构体或其组合在CI中的作用的临床研究仍然有限，需要进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

The integration of artificial intelligence-generated diets into the field of dietetics: Synergy or threat? 人工智能饮食与营养学领域的整合：协同还是威胁？

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.007

Menşure Nur Çelik , Emine Karademir , Murat Gürbüz

The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of diets generated by artificial intelligence (AI) tools (ChatGPT-4o and Gemini Advanced) and those prescribed by dietitians. Each researcher (n: 3) obtained 15-day diet plans from AI in separate accounts and 3-day diet plans from five dietitians. In total, 135 diet plans were obtained for each researcher, 45 from ChatGPT-4o, 45 from Gemini, and 45 from dietitians. Diet plans were entered into the BeBis v9.0 program. Nutrient Rich Foods (NRF)15.3 scores, estimated glycemic index(GI) score, saturated fatty acid(SFA)/unsaturated fatty acid ratio, MUFA/PUFA ratio, ω-6/ω-3 ratio, amino acid (AA) score, and composite dietary antioxidant index(CDAI) score were evaluated. ChatGPT-4o achieved the highest trient NRF15.3 score, while Gemini Advanced achieved the highest AA score despite overall inadequate protein quality. AI tools exhibited a significantly lower percentage of energy from SFA(%), SFA/USFA, and SFA/PUFA ratio in comparison with diets prescribed by dietitians. The diets produced by Gemini Advanced demonstrated the highest MUFA/PUFA ratio. All diet plans were within the acceptable range in terms of the ω-6/ω-3 ratio, with no significant differences between the groups. While no significant differences were found in the estimated GI, dietitian-prescribed diets achieved significantly higher CDAI, suggesting greater antioxidant capacity in their overall menu composition. These findings suggest that AI tools can generate nutritionally sound diets with only minor deviations from those prepared by dietitians, potentially enhancing efficiency and reducing workload; however, human oversight remains essential to ensure nutritional adequacy, address micronutrient gaps, and guide critical dietary decisions.

本研究的目的是对人工智能（AI）工具（chatgpt - 40和Gemini Advanced）生成的饮食和营养师开出的饮食进行比较分析。每个研究人员（n: 3）分别从AI获得15天的饮食计划，并从5位营养师那里获得3天的饮食计划。每位研究人员总共获得了135份饮食计划，其中45份来自chatgpt - 40, 45份来自Gemini， 45份来自营养师。节食计划被纳入了BeBis v9.0程序。评价营养丰富食品（NRF）15.3评分、预估血糖指数（GI）评分、饱和脂肪酸(SFA)/不饱和脂肪酸比值、MUFA/PUFA比值、ω-6/ω-3比值、氨基酸（AA）评分和膳食复合抗氧化指数（CDAI）评分。chatgpt - 40获得最高的trient NRF15.3分，而Gemini Advanced获得最高的AA分，尽管整体蛋白质质量不足。与营养师规定的饮食相比，人工智能工具从SFA（%）、SFA/USFA和SFA/PUFA中获得的能量百分比明显较低。Gemini Advanced生产的饮食显示出最高的MUFA/PUFA比率。所有饮食方案的ω-6/ω-3比值均在可接受范围内，各组间无显著差异。虽然在估计的GI上没有发现显著差异，但营养师规定的饮食获得了显著更高的CDAI，这表明他们的整体菜单成分具有更强的抗氧化能力。这些发现表明，人工智能工具可以生成营养合理的饮食，与营养师准备的饮食只有微小的偏差，从而有可能提高效率并减少工作量；然而，人为监督对于确保营养充足、解决微量营养素缺口和指导关键的饮食决策仍然至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Middle-school students who consumed school breakfast perform better on tasks assessing cognitive flexibility and executive function 吃学校早餐的中学生在评估认知灵活性和执行功能的任务中表现更好

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.005

Heather J. Leidy , Steve M. Douglas , Naiman A. Khan , Kathy A. Greaves

Breakfast improves nutrient adequacy, weight management, and cognitive performance in children; however, less is known regarding the quality, type, and location of breakfast, particularly in adolescents. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether consuming breakfast at home or school elicits greater cognitive performance compared to skipping breakfast in 236 urban middle-school students from low-income households. During a single school day, 3 hours after the start of school, students completed questionnaires assessing breakfast consumption followed by a 20-minute computerized cognitive performance assessment, CNS Vital Signs. Students were retrospectively grouped according to the following breakfast habits on the morning of testing: school breakfast (SCHOOL [N = 36]); home breakfast (HOME [N = 50]); school and home breakfast (BOTH [N = 21]); or no breakfast (SKIP [N = 85]). SCHOOL had higher cognitive flexibility (61.5 ± 4.2 percentile-for-age) vs SKIP (46.7 ± 2.6 percentile-for-age, P = .006) and HOME (49.8 ± 3.8 percentile-for-age, P = .05), but was not different versus BOTH (50.6 ± 9.6 percentile-for-age, NS, P = .220). SCHOOL had higher executive function (58.3 ± 4.2 percentile-for-age) vs SKIP (48.0 ± 2.5 percentile-for-age, P = .04) and BOTH (36.8 ± 7.2 percentile-for-age, P = .003) and trended towards higher scores vs HOME (48.7 ± 3.5 percentile-for-age, P = .08). No other differences occurred. Students who eat breakfast at school perform better on select cognitive function tasks compared to those who skip breakfast or eat breakfast at home, highlighting the importance of school breakfast in middle-school adolescents from low-income households.

早餐可以改善儿童的营养充足性、体重管理和认知能力；然而，人们对早餐的质量、类型和地点知之甚少，尤其是在青少年中。这项横断面研究的目的是研究236名来自低收入家庭的城市中学生，与不吃早餐相比，在家里或学校吃早餐是否能获得更好的认知表现。在一个单一的上学日，即开始上学后3小时，学生们完成了评估早餐摄入量的问卷，然后进行了20分钟的计算机认知表现评估，即中枢神经系统生命体征。学生按照测试当天早晨的早餐习惯进行回顾性分组：学校早餐（school [N = 36]）；家庭早餐（home [N = 50]）；学校和家庭早餐（均为[N = 21]）；或不吃早餐（SKIP [N = 85]）。SCHOOL组比SKIP组（46.7±2.6个百分点，P = 0.006）和HOME组（49.8±3.8个百分点，P = 0.05）具有更高的认知灵活性（61.5±4.2个百分点，P = 0.006），但与BOTH组（50.6±9.6个百分点，NS, P = 0.220）没有差异。SCHOOL比SKIP（48.0±2.5个百分位，P = 0.04）和BOTH（36.8±7.2个百分位，P = 0.003）的执行功能更高（58.3±4.2个百分位，P = 0.04），且比HOME（48.7±3.5个百分位，P = 0.08）得分更高。没有其他差异发生。与不吃早餐或在家吃早餐的学生相比，在学校吃早餐的学生在特定的认知功能任务中表现更好，这凸显了学校早餐对低收入家庭的中学生的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Gut microbiota and nutritional interventions in alcohol-associated liver disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic advances 酒精相关肝病的肠道菌群和营养干预：机制和治疗进展

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.11.004

Ashi Mittal, Shvetank Sharma

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite growing awareness of its burden, treatment options remain limited, with abstinence as the only widely accepted intervention. Recent research underscores the critical role of the gut-liver axis and nutritional status, particularly dietary protein, in modulating ALD pathogenesis and progression. This review aims to integrate current knowledge on the interplay between gut microbiota, dietary protein, and alcohol-induced liver injury, and to evaluate microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies, including fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), within this context. We examine how chronic alcohol intake reshapes the gut microbiome, impairs barrier function, and alters microbial metabolism. We discuss how dietary protein, based on source, quantity, and amino acid composition, influences microbial ecology and metabolite profiles, with plant and dairy proteins emerging as beneficial. The review also highlights advances in FMT, which shows promise in improving outcomes in severe alcoholic hepatitis. However, its efficacy is modulated by donor microbial composition and recipient compatibility, both of which may be influenced by diet. Furthermore, we address emerging evidence on the role of fungal and viral communities, which remain understudied contributors to ALD. Despite substantial progress, significant knowledge gaps persist. These include the need for clinical validation of preclinical findings, deeper exploration of nonbacterial microbiota, and a lack of personalized, nutrition-based interventions. Addressing these gaps through integrative, multiomic approaches will be essential to advancing precision therapeutics in ALD.

酒精相关性肝病（ALD）是世界范围内肝脏相关发病率和死亡率的主要原因。尽管越来越多的人意识到其负担，但治疗选择仍然有限，禁欲是唯一被广泛接受的干预措施。最近的研究强调了肠肝轴和营养状况，特别是膳食蛋白质，在调节ALD发病和进展中的关键作用。本综述旨在整合肠道微生物群、膳食蛋白质和酒精性肝损伤之间相互作用的现有知识，并在此背景下评估以微生物群为目标的治疗策略，包括粪便微生物群移植（FMT）。我们研究慢性酒精摄入如何重塑肠道微生物群，损害屏障功能，并改变微生物代谢。我们讨论了基于来源、数量和氨基酸组成的膳食蛋白质如何影响微生物生态和代谢物特征，其中植物和乳制品蛋白质是有益的。该综述还强调了FMT的进展，它有望改善严重酒精性肝炎的预后。然而，其功效受到供体微生物组成和受体相容性的调节，这两者都可能受到饮食的影响。此外，我们解决了真菌和病毒群落作用的新证据，它们对ALD的贡献尚未得到充分研究。尽管取得了重大进展，但仍存在巨大的知识差距。其中包括临床前研究结果的临床验证，对非细菌微生物群的深入探索，以及缺乏个性化的营养干预措施。通过综合的、多组学的方法来解决这些差距对于推进ALD的精确治疗至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Generalized anxiety disorder is associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods and eating behaviors markers in university students 广泛性焦虑障碍与大学生超加工食品的消费和饮食行为标志物有关

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.10.002

Vanessa Amorim Peixoto , André Eduardo Silva-Júnior , Débora Cavalcante Ferro , Micnéias Róberth Pereira , Déborah Tenório da Costa Paula , Dafiny Rodrigues Silva , Mateus de Lima Macena , Nassib Bezerra Bueno

Brazilian university students face significant health challenges, with over one-third exceeding a healthy weight and Brazil experiencing the highest global prevalence of anxiety. We hypothesized that screening positive for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) would be associated with increased intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and unfavorable eating behaviors in this population. This cross-sectional study included 5,946 students (aged 18-59 years) from 94 Brazilian universities. GAD prevalence was assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), while dietary markers and eating behaviors were evaluated via the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System tool. Our findings revealed a GAD prevalence of 42.3%. Students with GAD had higher consumption of hamburgers/processed meats (PR: 1.19; 95%CI: [1.10; 1.28]), sweetened beverages (PR: 1.12; 95%CI: [1.06; 1.18]), instant noodles/packaged snacks/savory biscuits (PR: 1.26; 95%CI: [1.13; 1.40]), and sandwich cookies/sweets/treats (PR: 1.14; 95%CI: [1.06; 1.22]), and lower consumption of vegetables (PR: 0.94; 95%CI: [0.90; 0.98]) compared to those without GAD. Additionally, those with GAD were more prone to eating in front of screens (PR: 1.07; 95%CI: [1.04; 1.10]), skipping breakfast (PR: 0.96; 95%CI: [0.93; 0.99]) and lunch (PR: 0.98; 95% CI: [0.98; 0.99]). In conclusion, GAD is probably associated with unhealthy eating behaviors in Brazilian university students. Highlighting the need for specific dietary monitoring and multifaceted care to improve health in this population.

巴西大学生面临着重大的健康挑战，超过三分之一的人体重超标，巴西是全球焦虑症患病率最高的国家。我们假设广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）筛查阳性可能与该人群中超加工食品（UPF）摄入量增加和不良饮食行为有关。这项横断面研究包括来自巴西94所大学的5946名学生（18-59岁）。使用7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）评估广泛性焦虑症的患病率，而通过巴西食品和营养监测系统工具评估饮食标志物和饮食行为。我们的研究结果显示广泛性焦虑症的患病率为42.3%。与没有GAD的学生相比，患有GAD的学生在汉堡/加工肉类（PR: 1.19; 95%CI:[1.10; 1.28]）、加糖饮料（PR: 1.12; 95%CI:[1.06; 1.18]）、方便面/包装零食/美味饼干（PR: 1.26; 95%CI:[1.13; 1.40]）、三明治饼干/糖果/零食（PR: 1.14; 95%CI:[1.06; 1.22]）和蔬菜（PR: 0.94; 95%CI:[0.90; 0.98]）的摄入量更高。此外，患有广泛性焦虑症的人更倾向于在屏幕前吃饭（PR: 1.07; 95%CI:[1.04; 1.10]），不吃早餐（PR: 0.96; 95%CI:[0.93; 0.99]）和午餐（PR: 0.98; 95%CI:[0.98; 0.99]）。总之，广泛性焦虑症可能与巴西大学生的不健康饮食行为有关。强调需要进行具体的饮食监测和多方面护理，以改善这一人群的健康。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary fructose from added sugar beverages and foods is positively associated with homocysteine: NHANES 2003–2006 添加糖饮料和食物中的膳食果糖与同型半胱氨酸呈正相关：NHANES 2003-2006

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.10.003

Minhua Zhang , Yang Peng , Jing Zhang , Bingxin Du , Minghong Wang , Sihong Chen , Huan Ding , Meifang Wei , Congrui Zhu , Wenyuan Geng , Dong Lin , Shen Tang , Yue Huang , Cailing Lu , Xiyi Li

Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the impact of fructose on Hcy concentrations and whether fructose intake increases disease risk through elevated Hcy remains unclear. We hypothesized that fructose intake is related to Hcy concentrations, and Hcy acts as a mediator linking fructose with CVD and hypertension. We analyzed 2003 to 2006 NHANES data using multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses to examine the relationships between fructose intake from different food sources and Hcy concentrations, and to assess whether Hcy mediates the association between fructose intake and CVD or hypertension. After adjusting for confounders, Hcy concentrations were positively associated with the intake of all beverages and foods with added sugars that contain fructose, with an odds ratio of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.01-1.48). RCS analyses showed a “J-shaped” association between Hcy concentrations and the intake of coffee/tea with added sugars, other foods (excluding coffee/tea) with added sugars, tomato catsup, and total juice. An “inverted U-shaped” association was observed with cake intake (all P < .05). Hcy mediated the associations between 4 food sources of fructose (nondiet soft drinks, coffee/tea with added sugars, high-fructose corn syrup sweetened beverages, all beverages and foods with added sugars that contain fructose) and CVD (indirect effects [IE]: 0.03%, 0.03%, 0.04%, and 0.03%) and hypertension (IE: 0.16%, 0.18%, 0.20%, and 0.14%), all P < .05. The findings suggested that various food sources of fructose are associated with Hcy concentrations, and Hcy mediates the relationship between fructose intake and CVD and hypertension.

同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）是心血管疾病（CVD）的独立危险因素。然而，果糖对Hcy浓度的影响以及果糖摄入是否通过Hcy升高而增加疾病风险仍不清楚。我们假设果糖摄入量与Hcy浓度有关，Hcy作为果糖与心血管疾病和高血压之间的中介。我们使用多变量logistic回归和限制性三次样条（RCS）分析了2003年至2006年的NHANES数据，以检验不同食物来源的果糖摄入量与Hcy浓度之间的关系，并评估Hcy是否介导果糖摄入量与心血管疾病或高血压之间的关联。在调整混杂因素后，Hcy浓度与所有饮料和含有果糖的添加糖的食物的摄入量呈正相关，优势比为1.23 （95% CI: 1.01-1.48）。RCS分析显示，Hcy浓度与添加糖的咖啡/茶、添加糖的其他食物（不包括咖啡/茶）、番茄酱和总果汁的摄入量呈“j形”关系。与蛋糕摄入量呈“倒u形”关系（均P <； 0.05）。Hcy介导了4种果糖食物来源（非饮食软饮料、添加糖的咖啡/茶、高果糖玉米糖浆加糖饮料、所有添加糖含有果糖的饮料和食品）与心血管疾病（间接影响[IE]: 0.03%、0.03%、0.04%和0.03%）和高血压（IE: 0.16%、0.18%、0.20%和0.14%）之间的关联，均P <； 0.05。研究结果表明，果糖的各种食物来源与Hcy浓度有关，Hcy介导果糖摄入与心血管疾病和高血压之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0

Dairy products consumption was positively associated with muscle strength in middle aged and older adults: findings from the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health study 乳制品消费与中老年人肌肉力量呈正相关：天津慢性低度全身性炎症与健康研究的发现

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.007

Hongmei Wu , Maoshi Chen , Xuena Wang , Chang Qi , Yeqing Gu , Ge Meng , Qing Zhang , Li Liu , Xing Wang , Shaomei Sun , Qiyu Jia , Kun Song , Jian Huang , Junsheng Huo , Bing Zhang , Gangqiang Ding , Kaijun Niu

Dairy products are dense in nutrients, particularly rich in high-quality protein, which may be myoprotective. We hypothesized that higher dairy consumption was positively associated with handgrip strength. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) study. A total of 15,011 middle aged and older adults were included. Dairy products were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer. The association between total dairy consumption (milk, low-fat milk, and yogurt) and 3 subtypes of dairy consumption and handgrip strength was analyzed using covariance analysis. After adjustment for multiple confounders, the least square means (95% confidence intervals) for handgrip strength across total dairy consumption categories (<1 time/week, 1-3 times/week, 3-6 times/week, and ≥1 time/day) were 42.0 (41.7, 42.2) kg, 42.7 (42.5, 42.9) kg, 42.7 (42.3, 43.1) kg, and 43.1 (42.8, 43.4) kg in men (P for trend < .01), and similar results were also observed in women. In addition, such positive associations were robust in sensitivity and subgroups analyses. However, no significant association between low-fat milk consumption and handgrip strength was found. In conclusion, our study found that higher total dairy, milk, and yogurt consumption were positively associated with handgrip strength. Further researches are needed to explore the effects of various dairy types on muscle health.

乳制品营养丰富，特别是富含高质量的蛋白质，可能对肌肉有保护作用。我们假设较高的乳制品消费量与握力呈正相关。采用天津慢性低度全身性炎症与健康（TCLSIH）研究的数据进行横断面研究。共有15011名中老年人参与了调查。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷对乳制品进行评估。用测力仪测量握力。采用协方差分析分析乳制品总消费量（牛奶、低脂牛奶和酸奶）与3种乳制品消费量和握力之间的关系。在对多个混杂因素进行调整后，所有乳制品消费类别（1次/周、1-3次/周、3-6次/周和≥1次/天）中，男性握力的最小二乘法平均值（95%置信区间）为42.0 (41.7,42.2)kg、42.7 (42.5,42.9)kg、42.7 (42.3,43.1)kg和43.1 (42.8,43.4)kg (P为趋势值<； 01)，在女性中也观察到类似的结果。此外，这种正相关在敏感性和亚组分析中是稳健的。然而，低脂牛奶的摄入量和握力之间没有明显的联系。总之，我们的研究发现，总乳制品、牛奶和酸奶的摄入量越高，握力越强。各种乳制品对肌肉健康的影响有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫·克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00139-3

引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members 编辑部和董事会成员

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00138-1

引用次数: 0

Ellagic acid as a potential therapeutic agent in metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of glycemic control markers and kidney function tests in animal and clinical studies 鞣花酸作为代谢综合征的潜在治疗剂：动物和临床研究中血糖控制指标和肾功能试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.10.001

Kornvipa Settakorn , Ratchanon Inpan , Mingkwan Na Takuathung , Nut Koonrungsesomboon

Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of abnormal metabolic markers, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia, that increase the risk of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and associated complications. Prolonged hyperglycemia results in microvascular complications such as nephropathy, while other abnormal metabolic markers contribute to progressive kidney dysfunction. Ellagic acid (EA) exhibits antihyperglycemia and nephroprotective effects. This study evaluated the effects of EA on glycemic control markers and kidney function tests in animal and human models with abnormal metabolic markers and preobesity. Comprehensive searches were conducted in Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Data were synthesized using meta-analysis, and risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE’s tool for animal studies and the Risk of Bias 2 tool for human studies. The certainty of evidence in human studies was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Meta-analysis revealed that EA significantly reduced blood glucose concentration (standardized mean differences = –4.03; 95% confidence intervals = –5.02 to –3.04; P < .0001) and improved insulin resistance by lowering homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (standardized mean differences = –2.48, 95% confidence intervals =–3.21 to –1.76, P < .0001) in animal studies. However, EA did not significantly affect glucose concentration, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance in human studies. EA significantly decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in animal studies. Overall, findings from animal studies suggest that EA may have therapeutic potential for improving glycemic control and mitigating kidney complications in metabolic syndrome. However, the absence of significant effects in humans highlights the need for high-quality clinical trials to determine its translational potential.

代谢综合征包括一系列异常代谢标志物，包括高血糖、胰岛素抵抗、高血压、肥胖和血脂异常，它们增加了糖尿病、心血管疾病和相关并发症的风险。长期高血糖可导致微血管并发症，如肾病，而其他异常代谢标志物可导致进行性肾功能障碍。鞣花酸（EA）具有抗高血糖和肾保护作用。本研究评估了EA对代谢标志物异常和肥胖前期动物和人模型的血糖控制指标和肾功能测试的影响。在Embase、Scopus、PubMed和Cochrane图书馆中进行了全面的检索。使用荟萃分析对数据进行综合，使用sycle的动物研究工具和人类研究的风险偏倚2工具评估偏倚风险。使用GRADE方法评估人体研究证据的确定性。荟萃分析显示，在动物研究中，EA可显著降低血糖浓度（标准化平均差异= -4.03；95%置信区间= -5.02至-3.04;P < 0.0001），并通过降低胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（标准化平均差异= -2.48,95%置信区间= -3.21至-1.76,P < 0.0001）改善胰岛素抵抗。然而，在人体研究中，EA对葡萄糖浓度、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估没有显著影响。在动物实验中，EA显著降低血尿素氮和肌酐。总的来说，动物研究结果表明，EA可能具有改善血糖控制和减轻代谢综合征肾脏并发症的治疗潜力。然而，在人类中没有显著的影响，强调需要高质量的临床试验来确定其转化潜力。

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引用次数: 0